IP网络测量仪以太网线缆测试方法研究与实现
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摘要
近年来,互联网的应用日益普及,人们对网络性能的要求也越来越高,因而对网络性能测量的研究变得越来越重要。网络运营商和使用者都迫切需要一款仪表来监视网络状况、定位网络故障。
论文首先详细叙述了基于分布式网络测量架构的嵌入式网络性能测量探针的硬件平台的设计。其次,详细论述了搭建探针底层软件平台的方法,开发了探针专用的引导程序、嵌入式Linux操作系统及其相关的文件系统。第三,对探针的线缆测试模块进行了设计,重点研究了基于时域反射法测量线缆故障点的技术。第四,在分析电磁波在传输线中的传播的基础上,提出了发送宽脉冲以提高发送能量的方法,实现了线缆故障测量功能模块,测量结果验证方法可行。最后,总结全文并提出值得进一步研究的问题。
In recent years, with the popularity of Internet growing quickly, the requirement on the quality of network has been becoming more and more rigorous. So, it is more and more important to research on the performance measurement of Internet. Internet services provider and the users urgently need a measurement device to monitor the network status and locate the position of network fault.
Firstly, the design of the hardware platform of the embedded probe based on the DNMAI is described in detail. Secondly, the method to build basic probe software platform is given, with which a special bootloader, the embedded Linux operating system and cramfs file system are developed. Thirdly, the cable test module of the probe is designed, with the emphasis on the technology of detecting the location of the fault point in the network cable based on TDR(Time Domain Reflectometry). Fourthly, based on the analysis of transmission line theory and characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the twisted line, a method is proposed with which a wider pulse with more energy is sent to the end, and the cable fault location module is implemented. The test results show the method is available. Finally, the whole paper is summarized and some problems that worth considering are pointed out.
论文首先详细叙述了基于分布式网络测量架构的嵌入式网络性能测量探针的硬件平台的设计。其次,详细论述了搭建探针底层软件平台的方法,开发了探针专用的引导程序、嵌入式Linux操作系统及其相关的文件系统。第三,对探针的线缆测试模块进行了设计,重点研究了基于时域反射法测量线缆故障点的技术。第四,在分析电磁波在传输线中的传播的基础上,提出了发送宽脉冲以提高发送能量的方法,实现了线缆故障测量功能模块,测量结果验证方法可行。最后,总结全文并提出值得进一步研究的问题。
In recent years, with the popularity of Internet growing quickly, the requirement on the quality of network has been becoming more and more rigorous. So, it is more and more important to research on the performance measurement of Internet. Internet services provider and the users urgently need a measurement device to monitor the network status and locate the position of network fault.
Firstly, the design of the hardware platform of the embedded probe based on the DNMAI is described in detail. Secondly, the method to build basic probe software platform is given, with which a special bootloader, the embedded Linux operating system and cramfs file system are developed. Thirdly, the cable test module of the probe is designed, with the emphasis on the technology of detecting the location of the fault point in the network cable based on TDR(Time Domain Reflectometry). Fourthly, based on the analysis of transmission line theory and characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the twisted line, a method is proposed with which a wider pulse with more energy is sent to the end, and the cable fault location module is implemented. The test results show the method is available. Finally, the whole paper is summarized and some problems that worth considering are pointed out.
引文
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[50]王新稳,李萍.微波技术与天线(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社, 2008, 17-49.
[51] P. F. Gale. Cable-fault location by impulse-current method. Proc.Inst.Elect.Eng, 1975, Vol.122, No.4:403-408
[52] Andrew S. Tanenbaum. Computer Networks. Fourth Edition. May, 2008.
[53]齐丽红,窄脉冲时域反射仪的设计.硕士学位论文.华北工学院, 2003.
[54]周宏志,王冬青,贾玉兰.时域回波反射法在双绞线测试中的应用.电信科学, 2004, 06.
[55] ACAM corporation. TDC-GP2 Datasheet. May, 2006.
[2] Network Monitoring Tools. http://www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/nmtf/nmtf-tools.html
[3] K Claffy, M Garrett. Report of the NSF-sponsored Workshop on Internet Statistics Measurement and Analysis [EB/OL]. http://www.caida.org/outreach/isma/9602/report. Feb 1996.
[4] CAIDA. Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis[EB/OL]. http://www.caida.org/.
[5] V. Paxson, G. Almes, J .Mahdavi, M. Mathis. Framework for IP Performance Metrics. RFC 2330. May 1998.
[6] Tony McGregor, Hans-werner Braun, Jeff Brown. The NLANR Network Analysis Infrastructure. IEEE Communication Magazine. 2000, May,38(5). pp 122-128.
[7] NLANR. Internet measurement, Internet analysis. http://moat.nlanr.net/index.html. 2002, Apr 5.
[8] Andrew Adams, Jamshid Mahdavi, Matthew Mathis, et. al. Creating a Scalable Architecture for Internet Measurement. http://www.isoc.org/inet98/proceedings/6g/6g_1.htm. 2001, Nov 28.
[9] Margaret Murray. Internet measurement Infrastructure. http://www.caida.org/analysis/performance/measinfra/. 2001, Nov 28.
[10] Surveyor. Introduction to the Surveyor Project. http://www.advanced.org/surveyor/about.html
[11] Sunil Kalidindi,et. al.. Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements. Proc. of INET99. California:ISOC. pp 73-81.
[12] Sunil Kalidindi. Techniques to Scale the Surveyor Infrastructure, STR-003. http://bsdi6.advanced.org/-kaiidindi/STR/. 1998.
[13] Warren Matthews, Les Cottrell. PingER Project: Active Internet Performance Monitoring for the HENP Community. IEEE Communication Magazine. 2000, 38(5). pp 130-136.
[14] Thomas Schüppel. Internet Measurements. http://user.cs.tu-berlin.de/~stain/DILEMMA/paper.htm. 2001, Jan 20.
[15] Large Scale Networking Workshop. http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~pb/publications.html. 2001, March.
[16] MAWI. Measurement and Analysis on the WIDE Internet. http://tracer.csl.sony.co.jp/mawi/.
[17] Robin Tasker. Particle Physics Network Co-ordinating Group. http://icfamon.rl.ac.uk/ppncg/title.html. 2001, Sep.
[18] TRIUMF. TRIUMF Network Monitoring. http://sitka.triumf.ca/.
[19] WAND. WAND Network Research Group. http://wand.cs.waikato.ac.nz.
[20] V. Paxson, G. Almes, J. Mahdavi, et. al.. Framework for IP Performance Metrics. http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2330.html. 1998, May.
[21] IPPM. IP Performance Metrics (ippm). http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ippm-charter.html.
[22] V. Paxon, J. Mahdavi, A. Adams, et. al.. An Architecture for Large-Scale Internet Measurement. IEEE Communications. 1998. pp 48-54.
[23]王继龙,吴建平.大规模计算机网络性能监控模型的设计与实现.计算机研究与发展. 2000, 37(4). pp 443-452.
[24]张文杰,钱德沛,张然等.互联网应用性能测量系统的研究实现.计算机研究与发展. 2003, 40(1). pp 60-67.
[25]张黎明.网络测量探针定制机制及探针执行环境研究.北京:北京航空航天大学学位论文. 2004, 2.
[26]谢高岗. IP网络性能测量技术研究.湖南大学博士论文. 2002.
[27]朱畅华,裴昌幸,李建东等.分布式网络测量与分析基础设施(DNMAI)研究与实现.北京邮电大学学报. 2004, 3,增. pp 25-31.
[28]肖海云.分布式网络测量基础架构(DNMAI)研究与实现.硕士论文.西安电子科技大学, 2005.
[29]朱畅华,裴昌幸,李建东.网络测量及其关键技术.西安电子科技大学学报, 2002, 29(6). pp813-818.
[30] IPPM. IP Performance Metrics (ippm). http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ippm-charter.html
[31]李善平,刘文峰,王焕龙. Linux与嵌入式系统(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社. 2006. 11.pp1-2.
[32] Intel corporation, Intel PXA255 Processor Developer’s Manual.2003 March.
[33] Hynix, HY57V561620B Synchronous DRAM datasheet, Rev.1.4.July 2003.
[34] Intel corporation, Intel StrataFlash Memory Datasheet.April 2002.
[35] SMSC corporation, SMSC LAN91C111 datasheet, Rversion 1.7.Nov 2004.
[36] BB corporation, Touch-Screen Controller Datasheet.December 1999.
[37]曾宪伟.嵌入式网络性能测量仪的研究与实现.硕士论文.西安电子科技大学, 2007.
[38] GARMIN corporation, GPS 25LP Series Technical Specification, Rev.G, 2000,April.
[39] Daniel P. Bovet, Marco Cesati. Understanding the Linux Kernel, 2nd Edition. O'Reilly.December, 2002.
[40] Jonathan Corbet, Greg Kroah-Hartman,Alessandro Rubini. Linux Device Drivers, Third Edition. O'Reilly. February, 2005.
[41]宋宝华. Linux设备驱动开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2009.
[42] Mark Mitchell, Jeffrey Oldham, Alex Samuel. Advanced Linux Programming. New Riders Publishing. June 11, 2001.
[43]李静波.网络故障测试仪TDR模块的改进与电源模块设计.硕士论文.电子科技大学.
[44]徐丙垠.通信电缆线路障碍测试技术.北京;北京邮电大学出版社, 2000.
[45] VAN BIESEN L P, RENNEBOOG J, BAREL A R F. High accuracy location of faults on electrical lines digital signal processing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measuremen,1990(39):175-179.
[46] PINTELON R, VAN BIESEN L P. Identification of transfer functions with time delay and its application to cable fault location[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Masurement, 1990(39): 479-484.
[47] AIMONE MARTIN C T, ORACECZ K I, NYTRA T K. TDR calibration for quantifying rock mass deformation at the WIPP site, Carlsbad, NM[A]. Symposium and Workshop on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Application[C]. 1994.507-517.
[48]雷振亚.射频/微波电路导论.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社. 2005.
[49]张年凤,王宏远.电路基本理论.北京:清华大学出版社, 2004, 353-390.
[50]王新稳,李萍.微波技术与天线(第二版).北京:电子工业出版社, 2008, 17-49.
[51] P. F. Gale. Cable-fault location by impulse-current method. Proc.Inst.Elect.Eng, 1975, Vol.122, No.4:403-408
[52] Andrew S. Tanenbaum. Computer Networks. Fourth Edition. May, 2008.
[53]齐丽红,窄脉冲时域反射仪的设计.硕士学位论文.华北工学院, 2003.
[54]周宏志,王冬青,贾玉兰.时域回波反射法在双绞线测试中的应用.电信科学, 2004, 06.
[55] ACAM corporation. TDC-GP2 Datasheet. May, 2006.