被动声纳宽带信号检测与显示方法研究
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摘要
声纳显示技术，其功能是将信号处理的结果正确地显示在屏幕上，为操作人员提供观测场的信息。因此声纳显示技术是关系到声纳信号处理系统的结果能否准确无误的展现给操作人员的关键所在。本文结合工程项目的需要，介绍了在设计被动声纳显示平台中所使用的信号检测技术和显示处理技术。本文的设计思想是在声纳信号处理系统的基础上，通过声纳显示技术和亮度调制信号的检测技术，进一步提高信噪比，改善声纳检测性能。
本文工作围绕如何提高声纳显示效果，介绍了声纳显示屏幕的设计方案，论述了“迹迹相关”技术、灰度显示技术在声纳显示中的应用，提出了基于信噪比的灰度级别划分方法；结合阵列信号处理、图象处理技术，本文引入了子带峰值能量检测算法、图象边缘检测算法，进一步提高了声纳检测性能；基于面向对象的程序设计方法，设计了声纳显示平台软件，为模拟声纳显示、检验声纳信号显示性能提供了仿真环境。
本文通过计算机仿真，验证了上述方法对改善声纳检测性能的影响，在运用声纳显示技术改善声纳检测性能方面，做了初步的研究工作。
The function of sonar display console is to present the result of signal and information processing on the screen and to supply the information about the watched field to the operator. The sonar display console plays an important role in displaying the result of signal and information processing suitable for the operators. Supported by a project, this thesis presents the technology about passive sonar display and signal detection in design of the sonar display console. The key point of the research is that, although the detection performance of sonar signal processing subsystem has been optimized, there is still a space of improvement which can be achieved by the means of display and post-processing.
The research includes as follows. Firstly, introduce the design of sonar display, trace-to-trace correlation and gray scale display, develop a new method of gray scale based on signal noise ratio. And next, discuss array signal processing and image processing in order to improve the display. Finally, develop a software of sonar display simulator based on Object Oriented Programming, with which the sonar display console is simulated and the performance of sonar signal is tested.
Computer simulation has verified the improvement of the proposed methods preliminarily.
本文工作围绕如何提高声纳显示效果，介绍了声纳显示屏幕的设计方案，论述了“迹迹相关”技术、灰度显示技术在声纳显示中的应用，提出了基于信噪比的灰度级别划分方法；结合阵列信号处理、图象处理技术，本文引入了子带峰值能量检测算法、图象边缘检测算法，进一步提高了声纳检测性能；基于面向对象的程序设计方法，设计了声纳显示平台软件，为模拟声纳显示、检验声纳信号显示性能提供了仿真环境。
本文通过计算机仿真，验证了上述方法对改善声纳检测性能的影响，在运用声纳显示技术改善声纳检测性能方面，做了初步的研究工作。
The function of sonar display console is to present the result of signal and information processing on the screen and to supply the information about the watched field to the operator. The sonar display console plays an important role in displaying the result of signal and information processing suitable for the operators. Supported by a project, this thesis presents the technology about passive sonar display and signal detection in design of the sonar display console. The key point of the research is that, although the detection performance of sonar signal processing subsystem has been optimized, there is still a space of improvement which can be achieved by the means of display and post-processing.
The research includes as follows. Firstly, introduce the design of sonar display, trace-to-trace correlation and gray scale display, develop a new method of gray scale based on signal noise ratio. And next, discuss array signal processing and image processing in order to improve the display. Finally, develop a software of sonar display simulator based on Object Oriented Programming, with which the sonar display console is simulated and the performance of sonar signal is tested.
Computer simulation has verified the improvement of the proposed methods preliminarily.
引文
[1] 数字式声纳中一种新的背景均衡算法 李启虎 声学学报 2000，1
[2] Detection of Pulse Signals in Noise D.G. Tucker & J.W.R. Griffiths Wireless Engineer, November 1953
[3] Visual Detectability of Signals in Noise The Effect of "Contrast"J.W.R. Griffiths Wireless Engineer, May 1956
[4] Detection of Pulse Signal in Noise: Trace-to-Trace Correlation in Visual Display D.G. Tucker Journal Brit.I.R.E. June 1957
[5] Detection of Pulse Signal in Noise: the Effect on Visual Detection of the Area of the Signal Paint J.W.R.Griffths Journal Brit. I.R.E. June 1957
[6] Detection of Pulse Signals in Noise D.G. Tucker & J.W.R. Griffiths Wireless Engineer, November 1955
[7] 基于Windows平台的声纳显示程序 鲁诣斌 李振强 声学与电子工程 1998，2
[8] 声纳信号处理——原理与设备 候自强 李贵斌 海洋出版社 1986．3
[9] 数字图象处理 余松煜 周源华 吴时光 电子工业出版社 1989，1
[10] GVLF及人眼灰视觉特性的研究 孔令罔 张旭亮 测绘学报 2001，1
[11] studies related to the design and use of time/bearing sonar display Robert A. Rasmussen AD690540
[12] 声信号处理及其应用 肖国有 屠庆平 西北工业大学出版社 1994，1
[13] 通讯信号处理 张贤达 保铮 国防工业出版社 2000，12
[14] XX型声纳 初样机设计仿真报告
[15] Comparison of Algorithms for Broadband Detection of Acoustic Sources on a Linear Array, Michael V. Bono Applied Research Laboratories The University of Texas at Austin
[16] Broadband Detection of Acoustic Sources on a Linear Array, Michael V. Bono Applied Research Laboratories The University of Texas at Austin, Literature Survey EE 381K Multidimensional Signal Processing, October 25, 2000
[17] A Fresh Look at 'Broadband' Passive Sonar Processing, Robert E. Zarnich,March 1999 C31-SSAP-99-4
[18] A Computational Approach to Edge Detection, J. Canny, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 8, No. 6, Nov 1986.
[19] Steerable Filters and Local Analysis of Image Structure, William Tafel Freeman,dissertation of doctor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 1992
[20] http://home.earthlink.net/～tcfolsom/index.html
[21] The importance of phase in signals. A. V. Openheim and J. S. Lim. Proceedings of the IEEE 69: 529-541, 1981.
[22] Feature detection in human vision: A phase-dependent energy model. M. C.Morrone and D.C. Burr., Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B,235: 221-245, 1988
[23] Lecture 7 Computer Vision IT412 Department of Computer Science The University of Western Australia
[24] Feature detection from local energy. M. C. Morrone and R. A. Owens., Pattern Recognition Letters, 6: 303-313, 1987.
[25] Detecting and localizing edges composed of steps, peaks and roofs. P. Perona and J. Malik., In Proc. 3rd Intl. Conf. Computer Vision, Osaka, Japan, 1990.
[26] The design and use of steerable filters, W.T, Freeman and E.H.Adelson,. IEEE Tansaction on PAMI 13(9),September 1991
[27] 面向对象的水下声场仿真应用框架研究童立西北工业大学博士论文 2002，3
[28] Visual C++高级编程技术——开发实例剖析 陈建春 电子工业出版社
[2] Detection of Pulse Signals in Noise D.G. Tucker & J.W.R. Griffiths Wireless Engineer, November 1953
[3] Visual Detectability of Signals in Noise The Effect of "Contrast"J.W.R. Griffiths Wireless Engineer, May 1956
[4] Detection of Pulse Signal in Noise: Trace-to-Trace Correlation in Visual Display D.G. Tucker Journal Brit.I.R.E. June 1957
[5] Detection of Pulse Signal in Noise: the Effect on Visual Detection of the Area of the Signal Paint J.W.R.Griffths Journal Brit. I.R.E. June 1957
[6] Detection of Pulse Signals in Noise D.G. Tucker & J.W.R. Griffiths Wireless Engineer, November 1955
[7] 基于Windows平台的声纳显示程序 鲁诣斌 李振强 声学与电子工程 1998，2
[8] 声纳信号处理——原理与设备 候自强 李贵斌 海洋出版社 1986．3
[9] 数字图象处理 余松煜 周源华 吴时光 电子工业出版社 1989，1
[10] GVLF及人眼灰视觉特性的研究 孔令罔 张旭亮 测绘学报 2001，1
[11] studies related to the design and use of time/bearing sonar display Robert A. Rasmussen AD690540
[12] 声信号处理及其应用 肖国有 屠庆平 西北工业大学出版社 1994，1
[13] 通讯信号处理 张贤达 保铮 国防工业出版社 2000，12
[14] XX型声纳 初样机设计仿真报告
[15] Comparison of Algorithms for Broadband Detection of Acoustic Sources on a Linear Array, Michael V. Bono Applied Research Laboratories The University of Texas at Austin
[16] Broadband Detection of Acoustic Sources on a Linear Array, Michael V. Bono Applied Research Laboratories The University of Texas at Austin, Literature Survey EE 381K Multidimensional Signal Processing, October 25, 2000
[17] A Fresh Look at 'Broadband' Passive Sonar Processing, Robert E. Zarnich,March 1999 C31-SSAP-99-4
[18] A Computational Approach to Edge Detection, J. Canny, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 8, No. 6, Nov 1986.
[19] Steerable Filters and Local Analysis of Image Structure, William Tafel Freeman,dissertation of doctor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 1992
[20] http://home.earthlink.net/～tcfolsom/index.html
[21] The importance of phase in signals. A. V. Openheim and J. S. Lim. Proceedings of the IEEE 69: 529-541, 1981.
[22] Feature detection in human vision: A phase-dependent energy model. M. C.Morrone and D.C. Burr., Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B,235: 221-245, 1988
[23] Lecture 7 Computer Vision IT412 Department of Computer Science The University of Western Australia
[24] Feature detection from local energy. M. C. Morrone and R. A. Owens., Pattern Recognition Letters, 6: 303-313, 1987.
[25] Detecting and localizing edges composed of steps, peaks and roofs. P. Perona and J. Malik., In Proc. 3rd Intl. Conf. Computer Vision, Osaka, Japan, 1990.
[26] The design and use of steerable filters, W.T, Freeman and E.H.Adelson,. IEEE Tansaction on PAMI 13(9),September 1991
[27] 面向对象的水下声场仿真应用框架研究童立西北工业大学博士论文 2002，3
[28] Visual C++高级编程技术——开发实例剖析 陈建春 电子工业出版社