高速旋转体信息采集与光传输系统的研究与实现
|
摘要
在自动化控制以及重要工程的现场实验监测中,需要实时了解和监测旋转机械部件或旋转轴上的各种状态参数,旋转体信息监测与传输系统正是为了满足这一需求而出现的。本论文研究的高速旋转体信息采集与光传输系统是一套工作于高温高加速度负荷的特定旋转体上,依靠自带电池进行长时间连续监测的微型信息采集与光传输系统。该系统要求在最高转速为6000rpm的旋转体上实现4路传感通道单路采样速率为800sps的监测,并需在距离为60～600mm范围内实现数据的传输。
根据系统的任务要求本文提出了高速旋转体信息采集与光传输系统的基本模型。通过对光通信时空窗口与不同的采样数据量、通信距离、通信速率的关系讨论,提出了在受限光通信时空窗口下建立光传输链路的方法。论文还研究了系统轴上端模块采样与通信时序冲突的问题,在此基础上,设计了采样与通信双中断的运行模式,以及在片上有限的资源条件下,实现数据存储空间有效利用的方案。通过研究数据传输速率与光通信时空窗口的关系,建立了包含突发式光通信链路的三机链接信息采集—传输系统。
论文实现了全系统软硬件的总体设计,并研制了实用样机。样机在实验中实现了不同转速下多路监控信息的采集及传输,并通过了高温、振动、冲击环境测试实验。
最后对论文工作进行了总结,并提出了高速旋转体信息采集与光传输系统未来改进与发展的思路。
Monitoring the parameters of rotating machinery or rotating axis is needed in automatic control and real-time monitoring for an important project, and the rotating machinery monitoring and information transmission system which can meet this demand. The high-speed rotating shaft information acquisition and optical transmission system which studied in paper is a micro-system that works in high temperature and high acceleration load specific rotating shaft, relies on its own battery for continuous long working hours. The system should achieve the requirement of sampling 4 sensor channels on rotating shaft which highest rotating speed is 6000 rounds per minute, and the sampling rate is 800 samplings per second. The data need to be transmitted within the radial distance of 60 ~ 600 mm.
According to the system requirements, thesis offers a basic model of the high-speed rotating shaft information acquisition and optical transmission system. Through the discussion of optical communication space-time window with different sampling rate, communication distance and communication rate, thesis proposed the method to establish optical communication in the limited optical communications space-time window. Thesis also studied the conflict between sampling time and communication time of module on the shaft, and then designs a double interruptions mode to deal with this problem. The effective use of limited data storage space is concerned. Through the study of the relation between data communication rate and optical communication space-time window, the 3 units linked sampling-transmission system which uses burst-mode optical link was established.
Thesis designed hardware and software of the system and the prototype was made. In the experiment, the prototype can monitor multi-channel and transit monitoring data in different rotational speed. The prototype pasts the high-temperature, vibration and shock environment test.
The future improvement and development direction of the high-speed rotating shaft information acquisition and optical transmission system was proposed at the end of thesis.
根据系统的任务要求本文提出了高速旋转体信息采集与光传输系统的基本模型。通过对光通信时空窗口与不同的采样数据量、通信距离、通信速率的关系讨论,提出了在受限光通信时空窗口下建立光传输链路的方法。论文还研究了系统轴上端模块采样与通信时序冲突的问题,在此基础上,设计了采样与通信双中断的运行模式,以及在片上有限的资源条件下,实现数据存储空间有效利用的方案。通过研究数据传输速率与光通信时空窗口的关系,建立了包含突发式光通信链路的三机链接信息采集—传输系统。
论文实现了全系统软硬件的总体设计,并研制了实用样机。样机在实验中实现了不同转速下多路监控信息的采集及传输,并通过了高温、振动、冲击环境测试实验。
最后对论文工作进行了总结,并提出了高速旋转体信息采集与光传输系统未来改进与发展的思路。
Monitoring the parameters of rotating machinery or rotating axis is needed in automatic control and real-time monitoring for an important project, and the rotating machinery monitoring and information transmission system which can meet this demand. The high-speed rotating shaft information acquisition and optical transmission system which studied in paper is a micro-system that works in high temperature and high acceleration load specific rotating shaft, relies on its own battery for continuous long working hours. The system should achieve the requirement of sampling 4 sensor channels on rotating shaft which highest rotating speed is 6000 rounds per minute, and the sampling rate is 800 samplings per second. The data need to be transmitted within the radial distance of 60 ~ 600 mm.
According to the system requirements, thesis offers a basic model of the high-speed rotating shaft information acquisition and optical transmission system. Through the discussion of optical communication space-time window with different sampling rate, communication distance and communication rate, thesis proposed the method to establish optical communication in the limited optical communications space-time window. Thesis also studied the conflict between sampling time and communication time of module on the shaft, and then designs a double interruptions mode to deal with this problem. The effective use of limited data storage space is concerned. Through the study of the relation between data communication rate and optical communication space-time window, the 3 units linked sampling-transmission system which uses burst-mode optical link was established.
Thesis designed hardware and software of the system and the prototype was made. In the experiment, the prototype can monitor multi-channel and transit monitoring data in different rotational speed. The prototype pasts the high-temperature, vibration and shock environment test.
The future improvement and development direction of the high-speed rotating shaft information acquisition and optical transmission system was proposed at the end of thesis.
引文
[1]GEORGE S S,VLADIMIR N S.Multi-channel optical rotary connector for non-contact transfer of data signals between relatively moving bodies[A]//Proceedings of SPIE[C],http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992SPIE.1580.391S,1991,1580:391-394
[2]DENG Yu-xiu,ZHOU Ge,LIU Wei,et al.Dual-channel fiber optic rotary joint of symmetrical optical system[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser(光电子·激光),2001,12(8):792-794.
[3]JOHANSSON M,HARD S.Design,fabrication,and evaluation of a multi-channel diffractive optic rotary joint[J].Applied Optics,1999,38(8):1302-1310.
[4]LJUBISA D.Jovanovic.Optical transmission system for acquisition and measurement of the signals from the high-speed rotating shaft.Conference Record-IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference[R],Piscataway,NJ,USA,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.,2000,Vol.3:1308-1312.
[5]M.L.EVERINGTON,A.T.AUGOUSTI.Noncontact Measurement of Rotating Shaft Characteristics Using Optical Fiber Techniques[J].OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY 2,1996,:394-399.
[6]谢志江,久斌.电机组辅机混合式振动检测诊断系统的研制[J].机械动力学专集.2003(增刊),:85-86.
[7]韩捷,张瑞林等编著.旋转机械故障机理及其诊断技术[M].机械工业出版社,第2版.1996,:91-141.
[8]许飞云,胡健中,贾民平等.嵌入式旋转机械状态监视与故障诊断系统研究.东南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,36(6):1-3.
[9]Sekhar A,Prabhu B.Condition monitoring of cracked rotors through transient response.Mech Mach Theory,1998,33(8):1167-1175.
[10]黄建军,杨世锡,李志农,严拱标.旋转机械远程状态监测与故障诊断系统的开发[A].第十届全国设备监测与诊断技术学术会议论文集[C],2000.
[11]刘峻华,黄树红等.汽轮机故障诊断技术的发展与展望[J].动力工程.2001(4):1106-1107.
[12]种秉林,黄仁,贾民平等.机械故障诊断学[M].机械工业出版社,第2版,2002:1-6.
[13]顾文斌.光纤旋转连接部件综合信号传输技术研究[D].河海大学,2007:1-3.
[14]LI Jian-feng,SUTHERLAND J W.Multichannel data transmission sys-tem for rotating elements using a noncontacting slip ring[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2000,71(11):4319-4322.
[15]E.D.Evans.An analysis of a coupling-ring rotary joint design,Proceedings of EEE,1992,40(3):577-581.
[16]Wang Fang,Zhang Shouli.The study of slip ring con-tact resistance in a platform inertial navigation system.Proceedings of the International Symposium on Testand Measurement[R].Shenzhen,China:International Academic Publishers,2003,:787-790.
[17]Russell GD.Wireless Telemetry for Gas-Turbine Applications[R].U S:NASA and U S Army Research Laboratory,2000,:1-26.
[18]Nakagawa M.Wireless home link[J].IEICE Trans.Commun.,1999,E82-B(12):1893-1896.
[19]Kahn J M,Barry J R.Wireless infi-ared communications[J].Proc.of IEEE,1997,85(2):265-298.
[20]张以谟,周革,刘文耀等.计算机光互连中的信息处理技术[J].激光杂志,1999,20(5):1-3.
[21]贾大功,张以谟,井文才等.无源多路光纤旋转器的设计[J].天津大学报,2004,37(5):382-385.
[22]贾大功,张红霞等.无源对称光学结构双通道光纤旋转连接器[J].光电工程,2004,31(6):17-23.
[23]贾大功,张尹馨,张以谟等.双通道红外耦合旋转连接器[J].光电子·激光,2003,14(12):1288-1291.
[24]邓玉秀,周革,刘卫等.对称光学结构的双光信道旋转连接器[J].光电子·激光,2001,12(8):792-794.
[25]JING Wen-cai,TIAN Jin-dong,ZHOU Ge.Design of scalable optical interconnection network using wavelength division multiplexing[C].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2000,(3952):178-187.
[26]刘宝华.红外扭矩测量仪的研制[J].仪器仪表学报,1999,03(20):318-320.
[27]宁飞.微型计算机原理与接口实践[M].清华大学出版社,第1版,2006,494-495.
[28]谷萩隆嗣.信息通信与数字信号处理[M].科学出版社,第1版,2003.4-22.
[29]郑耀添,吴浚浩.信号调理电路的设计与研究[J].中国科技信息,2006,(02).
[30]李艳,李新娥,裴东兴.应变式压力传感器及其应用电路设计[J].计量与测试技术,2007,(12).
[31]刘新月,吕增良,孙以材.压力传感器温度漂移补偿的控制电路设计[J].传感技术学报,2007,(03).
[32]CHOW H C,CHEN B W,CHEN H C,et al.A 1.8 V,0.3 mW,10-bit SA-ADC with new self-timed timing controlfor biomedical applications.IEEE Int Symp on Circuitsand Systems.Kobe,Japan.2005,:736-739.
[33]HESTER R K.Fully differential ADC with rail-to-rail common-mode range and nonlinear capacitor compensation.IEEE JSSC,1990,25(12):173-183.
[34]沈建华.MSp430系列16位超低功耗单片机原理与应用[M].清华出版社,第1版,2006,:44-50.
[35]J.H.Franz,V.K.Jain.光通信器件与系统[M].电子工业出版社,第1版,2002,:9-32.
[36]李玉权.光通信原理与技术[M].科学出版社,第1版,2006,:8-13.
[37]周志敏.LED驱动电路设计与应用[M].人民邮电出版社,第1版,2006,:15-30.
[38]刘增基.光纤通信[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,第1版,2001,:96.
[39]董天临.光纤通信与光纤信息网[M].清华大学出版社,第1版,2005,:105-113.
[40]Marsh GW,Kahn J M.502Mb/s diffuse infrared free-space link using on-off keying with decision-feed back equalization[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,1994,6(10):1268-1270.
[41]本书编委会主编.光缆通信监测与维护实务全书[M].科学技术文献出版社,第1版,2002:915-931.
[42]江伟.一种新型高速双向光纤旋转连接数据传输链路的设计[D].安徽大学,2006,:13-15。
[43]Wayne Tomasi.数据通信与联网技术[M].清华出版社,第1版,2006,:390-392.
[44]http://www.ti.com/c2000
[45]耿凡娜,张富庆.单片机应用系统设计中的看门狗技术探究[J].科学技术与工程,2007,(13).3269-3271.
[46]李玉权.光通信原理与技术[M].科学出版社,第1版,2006,:154-174.
[47]MIL-STD-202G.Test methods of electronic and electrical component Parts.2002,:77-81,127-133.
[2]DENG Yu-xiu,ZHOU Ge,LIU Wei,et al.Dual-channel fiber optic rotary joint of symmetrical optical system[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser(光电子·激光),2001,12(8):792-794.
[3]JOHANSSON M,HARD S.Design,fabrication,and evaluation of a multi-channel diffractive optic rotary joint[J].Applied Optics,1999,38(8):1302-1310.
[4]LJUBISA D.Jovanovic.Optical transmission system for acquisition and measurement of the signals from the high-speed rotating shaft.Conference Record-IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference[R],Piscataway,NJ,USA,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.,2000,Vol.3:1308-1312.
[5]M.L.EVERINGTON,A.T.AUGOUSTI.Noncontact Measurement of Rotating Shaft Characteristics Using Optical Fiber Techniques[J].OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY 2,1996,:394-399.
[6]谢志江,久斌.电机组辅机混合式振动检测诊断系统的研制[J].机械动力学专集.2003(增刊),:85-86.
[7]韩捷,张瑞林等编著.旋转机械故障机理及其诊断技术[M].机械工业出版社,第2版.1996,:91-141.
[8]许飞云,胡健中,贾民平等.嵌入式旋转机械状态监视与故障诊断系统研究.东南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,36(6):1-3.
[9]Sekhar A,Prabhu B.Condition monitoring of cracked rotors through transient response.Mech Mach Theory,1998,33(8):1167-1175.
[10]黄建军,杨世锡,李志农,严拱标.旋转机械远程状态监测与故障诊断系统的开发[A].第十届全国设备监测与诊断技术学术会议论文集[C],2000.
[11]刘峻华,黄树红等.汽轮机故障诊断技术的发展与展望[J].动力工程.2001(4):1106-1107.
[12]种秉林,黄仁,贾民平等.机械故障诊断学[M].机械工业出版社,第2版,2002:1-6.
[13]顾文斌.光纤旋转连接部件综合信号传输技术研究[D].河海大学,2007:1-3.
[14]LI Jian-feng,SUTHERLAND J W.Multichannel data transmission sys-tem for rotating elements using a noncontacting slip ring[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2000,71(11):4319-4322.
[15]E.D.Evans.An analysis of a coupling-ring rotary joint design,Proceedings of EEE,1992,40(3):577-581.
[16]Wang Fang,Zhang Shouli.The study of slip ring con-tact resistance in a platform inertial navigation system.Proceedings of the International Symposium on Testand Measurement[R].Shenzhen,China:International Academic Publishers,2003,:787-790.
[17]Russell GD.Wireless Telemetry for Gas-Turbine Applications[R].U S:NASA and U S Army Research Laboratory,2000,:1-26.
[18]Nakagawa M.Wireless home link[J].IEICE Trans.Commun.,1999,E82-B(12):1893-1896.
[19]Kahn J M,Barry J R.Wireless infi-ared communications[J].Proc.of IEEE,1997,85(2):265-298.
[20]张以谟,周革,刘文耀等.计算机光互连中的信息处理技术[J].激光杂志,1999,20(5):1-3.
[21]贾大功,张以谟,井文才等.无源多路光纤旋转器的设计[J].天津大学报,2004,37(5):382-385.
[22]贾大功,张红霞等.无源对称光学结构双通道光纤旋转连接器[J].光电工程,2004,31(6):17-23.
[23]贾大功,张尹馨,张以谟等.双通道红外耦合旋转连接器[J].光电子·激光,2003,14(12):1288-1291.
[24]邓玉秀,周革,刘卫等.对称光学结构的双光信道旋转连接器[J].光电子·激光,2001,12(8):792-794.
[25]JING Wen-cai,TIAN Jin-dong,ZHOU Ge.Design of scalable optical interconnection network using wavelength division multiplexing[C].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2000,(3952):178-187.
[26]刘宝华.红外扭矩测量仪的研制[J].仪器仪表学报,1999,03(20):318-320.
[27]宁飞.微型计算机原理与接口实践[M].清华大学出版社,第1版,2006,494-495.
[28]谷萩隆嗣.信息通信与数字信号处理[M].科学出版社,第1版,2003.4-22.
[29]郑耀添,吴浚浩.信号调理电路的设计与研究[J].中国科技信息,2006,(02).
[30]李艳,李新娥,裴东兴.应变式压力传感器及其应用电路设计[J].计量与测试技术,2007,(12).
[31]刘新月,吕增良,孙以材.压力传感器温度漂移补偿的控制电路设计[J].传感技术学报,2007,(03).
[32]CHOW H C,CHEN B W,CHEN H C,et al.A 1.8 V,0.3 mW,10-bit SA-ADC with new self-timed timing controlfor biomedical applications.IEEE Int Symp on Circuitsand Systems.Kobe,Japan.2005,:736-739.
[33]HESTER R K.Fully differential ADC with rail-to-rail common-mode range and nonlinear capacitor compensation.IEEE JSSC,1990,25(12):173-183.
[34]沈建华.MSp430系列16位超低功耗单片机原理与应用[M].清华出版社,第1版,2006,:44-50.
[35]J.H.Franz,V.K.Jain.光通信器件与系统[M].电子工业出版社,第1版,2002,:9-32.
[36]李玉权.光通信原理与技术[M].科学出版社,第1版,2006,:8-13.
[37]周志敏.LED驱动电路设计与应用[M].人民邮电出版社,第1版,2006,:15-30.
[38]刘增基.光纤通信[M].西安电子科技大学出版社,第1版,2001,:96.
[39]董天临.光纤通信与光纤信息网[M].清华大学出版社,第1版,2005,:105-113.
[40]Marsh GW,Kahn J M.502Mb/s diffuse infrared free-space link using on-off keying with decision-feed back equalization[J].IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,1994,6(10):1268-1270.
[41]本书编委会主编.光缆通信监测与维护实务全书[M].科学技术文献出版社,第1版,2002:915-931.
[42]江伟.一种新型高速双向光纤旋转连接数据传输链路的设计[D].安徽大学,2006,:13-15。
[43]Wayne Tomasi.数据通信与联网技术[M].清华出版社,第1版,2006,:390-392.
[44]http://www.ti.com/c2000
[45]耿凡娜,张富庆.单片机应用系统设计中的看门狗技术探究[J].科学技术与工程,2007,(13).3269-3271.
[46]李玉权.光通信原理与技术[M].科学出版社,第1版,2006,:154-174.
[47]MIL-STD-202G.Test methods of electronic and electrical component Parts.2002,:77-81,127-133.