高频听力损失对豚鼠低频区时间分辨率的影响
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摘要
目的:探讨声信号参数对客观检测听觉时间分辨率的影响及高频听力损失对豚鼠低频区时间分辨率的影响。
方法:分别在豚鼠下丘和听皮层埋植电极,电极埋植后动物休息至少一周。在间隔检测中,以四种不同带宽的噪声标记间隔,记录清醒及两种剂量的苯巴比妥麻醉下的间隔诱发反应,比较清醒状态下四种间隔标记信号的频谱对间隔阈值、阈上间隔诱发反应潜伏期和幅值的影响以及苯巴比妥麻醉下的改变;以12 kHz纯音持续暴露30小时造成豚鼠高频听力损失,评估两种间隔标记信号(信号频谱在豚鼠短纯音阈值无改变的频率范围内)的间隔阈值、潜伏期和幅值在纯音暴露前后的动态变化。在调制检测中,根据正弦调幅纯音诱发的清醒动物多频稳态反应幅值和调制频率的关系绘制出时间调制转换函数,在此函数中计算出截止频率,评估信号频率和强度对正常豚鼠下丘和听皮层截止频率的影响;在高频听力损失的豚鼠中,比较下丘和听皮层低频区(短纯音阈值正常)的截止频率在纯音暴露前后的改变。
结果:间隔检测实验中,随着间隔标记信号带宽的增加,清醒动物的间隔阈值逐渐降低,阈上间隔诱发反应的潜伏期缩短,幅值升高;苯巴比妥使间隔阈值升高,阈上间隔诱发反应的潜伏期延长,幅值降低,其中对听皮层的影响要比对下丘的影响大;对于高频听力损失的豚鼠,与声暴露前相比,暴露后豚鼠下丘低频段的间隔阈值升高,阈上间隔诱发反应潜伏期延长,幅值降低,听皮层也表现为同样的趋势,但没有下丘的变化显著。在听力正常动物的调制检测实验中,正弦调幅信号的频率对下丘截止频率的影响有统计学意义,强度对其截止频率的影响则无统计学意义,频率和强度对听皮层截止频率的影响均无统计学意义;高频听力损失的豚鼠,与声暴露前相比,暴露后豚鼠下丘低频段的截止频率降低,而听皮层的截止频率则几乎无改变。
结论:间隔标记信号带宽的增加可以改善系统的时间分辨率;而苯巴比妥则使系统的时间分辨率降低;间隔检测和调制检测两种方法均表明,高频听力损失后,下丘低频段的时间分辨率降低,而听皮层的变化则不显著。
Objective:To explore the effect of sound signal parameters on auditory temporal resolution in objective measurements and the effect of high frequency hearing loss on temporal resolution in low frequency region of guinea pigs.
Methods: The electrodes were implanted in inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex (AC) of guinea pigs. The animals were allowed to rest at least one week. In the gap detection test, noises with four different bandwidths were used to mark gap. We recorded the gap evoked response in awake and anesthetized animals by two doses of pentobarbital anesthesia. The results were compared among the four bandwidths noises and between awake condition and under pentobarbital anesthesia. In another group of guinea pigs, the animals were exposed to tone of 12 kHz for 30 hours continuously to result in high frequency hearing loss. We compared the gap threshold, supra-gap-threshold response latency and amplitude under two different bandwidths before and after acoustic trauma. In modulation detection test, we plotted temporal modulation transfer function with the auditory steady state response amplitude changed with modulation frequency and calculated cut-off frequency. The effect of signal frequency and intensity on the cut-off frequency of IC and AC were evaluated in normal awake animals. In the same group of high frequency hearing loss guinea pigs, we compared the cut-off frequency in low frequency region in IC and AC of guinea pigs before and post acoustic trauma.
Results: The gap threshold decreased, the latency of supra-gap-threshold evoked response shortened and the amplitude of supra-gap-threshold evoked response increased with the bandwidth of gap mark signals increased. Within each gap mark signals, the effect of pentobarbital anesthesia on gap evoked response was opposite to that of gap marker bandwidth increase and the anesthesia effect was larger on AC than on IC. In high frequency hearing loss guinea pigs, the gap threshold increased, the latency of supra-gap-threshold evoked response elongated and the amplitude of supra-gap-threshold evoked response decreased under two different bandwidths noises compared to those before tone exposure in IC. The same trends were seen in AC too, but the changes were not statistically significant. In the modulation detection test studied in normal guinea pigs, the effect of signal frequency on cut-off frequency of IC was significant, while the intensity had no effect. The effects of signal frequency and intensity on cut-off frequency of AC were not significant. In guinea pigs with high frequency hearing loss, the cut-off frequencies of IC in low frequency regions decreased compared to those before acoustic trauma, while those of AC changed little.
Conclusion: The auditory temporal resolution improved with the increases of bandwidth of gap mark signals, while decreased under pentobarbital anesthesia. The temporal resolution of IC in low frequency region decreased in high frequency hearing loss guinea pigs measured with gap detection and modulation detection, while the changes were not significant in AC.
方法:分别在豚鼠下丘和听皮层埋植电极,电极埋植后动物休息至少一周。在间隔检测中,以四种不同带宽的噪声标记间隔,记录清醒及两种剂量的苯巴比妥麻醉下的间隔诱发反应,比较清醒状态下四种间隔标记信号的频谱对间隔阈值、阈上间隔诱发反应潜伏期和幅值的影响以及苯巴比妥麻醉下的改变;以12 kHz纯音持续暴露30小时造成豚鼠高频听力损失,评估两种间隔标记信号(信号频谱在豚鼠短纯音阈值无改变的频率范围内)的间隔阈值、潜伏期和幅值在纯音暴露前后的动态变化。在调制检测中,根据正弦调幅纯音诱发的清醒动物多频稳态反应幅值和调制频率的关系绘制出时间调制转换函数,在此函数中计算出截止频率,评估信号频率和强度对正常豚鼠下丘和听皮层截止频率的影响;在高频听力损失的豚鼠中,比较下丘和听皮层低频区(短纯音阈值正常)的截止频率在纯音暴露前后的改变。
结果:间隔检测实验中,随着间隔标记信号带宽的增加,清醒动物的间隔阈值逐渐降低,阈上间隔诱发反应的潜伏期缩短,幅值升高;苯巴比妥使间隔阈值升高,阈上间隔诱发反应的潜伏期延长,幅值降低,其中对听皮层的影响要比对下丘的影响大;对于高频听力损失的豚鼠,与声暴露前相比,暴露后豚鼠下丘低频段的间隔阈值升高,阈上间隔诱发反应潜伏期延长,幅值降低,听皮层也表现为同样的趋势,但没有下丘的变化显著。在听力正常动物的调制检测实验中,正弦调幅信号的频率对下丘截止频率的影响有统计学意义,强度对其截止频率的影响则无统计学意义,频率和强度对听皮层截止频率的影响均无统计学意义;高频听力损失的豚鼠,与声暴露前相比,暴露后豚鼠下丘低频段的截止频率降低,而听皮层的截止频率则几乎无改变。
结论:间隔标记信号带宽的增加可以改善系统的时间分辨率;而苯巴比妥则使系统的时间分辨率降低;间隔检测和调制检测两种方法均表明,高频听力损失后,下丘低频段的时间分辨率降低,而听皮层的变化则不显著。
Objective:To explore the effect of sound signal parameters on auditory temporal resolution in objective measurements and the effect of high frequency hearing loss on temporal resolution in low frequency region of guinea pigs.
Methods: The electrodes were implanted in inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex (AC) of guinea pigs. The animals were allowed to rest at least one week. In the gap detection test, noises with four different bandwidths were used to mark gap. We recorded the gap evoked response in awake and anesthetized animals by two doses of pentobarbital anesthesia. The results were compared among the four bandwidths noises and between awake condition and under pentobarbital anesthesia. In another group of guinea pigs, the animals were exposed to tone of 12 kHz for 30 hours continuously to result in high frequency hearing loss. We compared the gap threshold, supra-gap-threshold response latency and amplitude under two different bandwidths before and after acoustic trauma. In modulation detection test, we plotted temporal modulation transfer function with the auditory steady state response amplitude changed with modulation frequency and calculated cut-off frequency. The effect of signal frequency and intensity on the cut-off frequency of IC and AC were evaluated in normal awake animals. In the same group of high frequency hearing loss guinea pigs, we compared the cut-off frequency in low frequency region in IC and AC of guinea pigs before and post acoustic trauma.
Results: The gap threshold decreased, the latency of supra-gap-threshold evoked response shortened and the amplitude of supra-gap-threshold evoked response increased with the bandwidth of gap mark signals increased. Within each gap mark signals, the effect of pentobarbital anesthesia on gap evoked response was opposite to that of gap marker bandwidth increase and the anesthesia effect was larger on AC than on IC. In high frequency hearing loss guinea pigs, the gap threshold increased, the latency of supra-gap-threshold evoked response elongated and the amplitude of supra-gap-threshold evoked response decreased under two different bandwidths noises compared to those before tone exposure in IC. The same trends were seen in AC too, but the changes were not statistically significant. In the modulation detection test studied in normal guinea pigs, the effect of signal frequency on cut-off frequency of IC was significant, while the intensity had no effect. The effects of signal frequency and intensity on cut-off frequency of AC were not significant. In guinea pigs with high frequency hearing loss, the cut-off frequencies of IC in low frequency regions decreased compared to those before acoustic trauma, while those of AC changed little.
Conclusion: The auditory temporal resolution improved with the increases of bandwidth of gap mark signals, while decreased under pentobarbital anesthesia. The temporal resolution of IC in low frequency region decreased in high frequency hearing loss guinea pigs measured with gap detection and modulation detection, while the changes were not significant in AC.
引文
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