基于LabVIEW的振动噪声测试和分析系统开发
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摘要
随着计算机技术和软件技术的发展应用,虚拟仪器技术逐渐成为当前测试与控制领域的研究热点,它甚至已经代表了测试与控制仪器技术的发展方向。为适应现代化的需要,提高测试精度,课题以LabVIEW为软件平台建立了具有普遍意义的振动噪声信号测试分析系统。整个系统主要包括三部分:信号的采集调理模块、时频分析处理模块和数据存储管理模块。其中时频分析处理模块为本课题的重点,它可以实现:信号的去噪、时域特征值的提取、频谱分析、倒频谱分析和时频联合分析。
课题的实际测试分析是以在HT—9340轮椅动态耐用性试验机上模拟运动的轮椅为研究对象;通过贴片式电阻应变片、驻极体MIC采集运动轮椅的振动噪声信号;并在结合数字信号处理技术与小波分析技术的基础上,对初始搭建的振动噪声测试分析系统进行相应的功能扩展,使其成为一个面向具体应用对象的振动噪声测试试验分析平台。该试验平台除了原系统的信号采集分析存储功能外,还具有对运动轮椅进行状态监视以控制实验台工作的功能。这一功能也使轮椅疲劳测试的无人监守成为可能。同时,论文以对滚动运动轮椅的振动噪声实际试验系统为例,论述了振动噪声信号的时频分析理论,简要介绍了虚拟仪器LabVIEW及相关软件的调用,并简单说明了实现时频分析的LabVIEW各子VI功能用法。
系统可以实现对振动噪声信号的实际测量分析,具有良好的功能扩展性。
Along with the development of the computer science and software technology, virtual instrument is becoming the focus of the research in modern test and control technology. It is the trend for the technology of test and control instruments. To meet the needs of the modernization, to increase the testing precision, a vibration noise signal testing and analysis system based on the LabVIEW software platform which can be widely used is developed in this paper. The system is consist of three parts: the signal acquiring and adjusting module, time-frequency analysis module and data storage and manage module. The time-frequency analysis module is the emphasis, which can achieve the following functions: wavelets de-noising to the signals, the extracting to the time-frequency signal Eigen values, spectrum analysis, cepstrum analysis and time-frequency analysis. All of these will be illustrated in detail by using the practical application system form—the vibration noise testing analysis system of rolling wheelchair.
The simulated wheelchair working on the HT-9340 wheelchair dynamic durability tester is taken as the research object in practical testing analysis of this paper. By using pasted strain gages and electret microphone to acquire the vibration noise signal of the moving wheel-chair separately, combining the technology of digital signal processing and wavelet analysis as an expansion to the initial built vibration & noise testing and analyzing system, a specific application object oriented vibration noise testing analysis system is built. It not only has a signal acquisition and storage function to the original system in this experiment platform, but also has a function that can monitor the working status of the wheel-chair and control the work of the experiment platform. And this can make unmanned durability test monitor possible. Moreover, the practical testing system of the status monitoring of the simulated working wheel-chair is taken as an example in this paper to discuss the time-frequency analysis theory of the vibration noise and introduce the import of virtual instrument LabVIEW and its interrelated software and the using of the sub-VI functions in time-frequency analysis.
The measurement and time-frequency analysis to the vibration & noise signal can be implemented by the testing and analyzing system in this paper, and the function of the system can be expanded easily .
课题的实际测试分析是以在HT—9340轮椅动态耐用性试验机上模拟运动的轮椅为研究对象;通过贴片式电阻应变片、驻极体MIC采集运动轮椅的振动噪声信号;并在结合数字信号处理技术与小波分析技术的基础上,对初始搭建的振动噪声测试分析系统进行相应的功能扩展,使其成为一个面向具体应用对象的振动噪声测试试验分析平台。该试验平台除了原系统的信号采集分析存储功能外,还具有对运动轮椅进行状态监视以控制实验台工作的功能。这一功能也使轮椅疲劳测试的无人监守成为可能。同时,论文以对滚动运动轮椅的振动噪声实际试验系统为例,论述了振动噪声信号的时频分析理论,简要介绍了虚拟仪器LabVIEW及相关软件的调用,并简单说明了实现时频分析的LabVIEW各子VI功能用法。
系统可以实现对振动噪声信号的实际测量分析,具有良好的功能扩展性。
Along with the development of the computer science and software technology, virtual instrument is becoming the focus of the research in modern test and control technology. It is the trend for the technology of test and control instruments. To meet the needs of the modernization, to increase the testing precision, a vibration noise signal testing and analysis system based on the LabVIEW software platform which can be widely used is developed in this paper. The system is consist of three parts: the signal acquiring and adjusting module, time-frequency analysis module and data storage and manage module. The time-frequency analysis module is the emphasis, which can achieve the following functions: wavelets de-noising to the signals, the extracting to the time-frequency signal Eigen values, spectrum analysis, cepstrum analysis and time-frequency analysis. All of these will be illustrated in detail by using the practical application system form—the vibration noise testing analysis system of rolling wheelchair.
The simulated wheelchair working on the HT-9340 wheelchair dynamic durability tester is taken as the research object in practical testing analysis of this paper. By using pasted strain gages and electret microphone to acquire the vibration noise signal of the moving wheel-chair separately, combining the technology of digital signal processing and wavelet analysis as an expansion to the initial built vibration & noise testing and analyzing system, a specific application object oriented vibration noise testing analysis system is built. It not only has a signal acquisition and storage function to the original system in this experiment platform, but also has a function that can monitor the working status of the wheel-chair and control the work of the experiment platform. And this can make unmanned durability test monitor possible. Moreover, the practical testing system of the status monitoring of the simulated working wheel-chair is taken as an example in this paper to discuss the time-frequency analysis theory of the vibration noise and introduce the import of virtual instrument LabVIEW and its interrelated software and the using of the sub-VI functions in time-frequency analysis.
The measurement and time-frequency analysis to the vibration & noise signal can be implemented by the testing and analyzing system in this paper, and the function of the system can be expanded easily .
引文
[1]杨乐平,李海涛等.虚拟仪器技术概论.北京:电子工业出版社,2003: 3
[2]王泽保.LabVIEW与虚拟仪器设计.世界仪表与自动化.1999,3(6): 68-70
[3] National Instruments Corp.SC一2040 User Manual (Eight-Channel Simultaneous Sample- and-Hold Accessory), Austin,Texas USA. September 1994:1- 40
[4]杨乐平,李海涛,肖相生等.LabVIEW程序设计与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2001: 15
[5]石博强,赵德永,李畅等.LabVIEW6.1编程技术实用教程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002:2- 8
[6] Goldsmith, Long. Modeling of formation and break age of receptor-ligand bonds in shear flow. in Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society. San Diego.1997:114-116
[7]应怀樵.虚拟仪器与计算机采集测试分析仪器的发展和展望.测控技术.2000, (19 ):8
[8]程学庆,房晓溪,韩薪莘等.LabVIEW图形化编程与实例应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,2005:131-178
[9]邓焱,王磊.LabVIEW7.1测试技术与仪器应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:188-255
[10]陆绮荣.基于虚拟仪器技术个人实验室的关键.北京:电子工业出版社,2006:152
[11] Robert H.Bishop著,乔瑞萍,林欣译.LabVIEW7实用教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2005:359-367
[12]侯国屏,王坤,叶齐鑫等.LabVIEW7.1编程与虚拟仪器设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2005:223-239
[13]李宁,张元培,朱立军.在LabVIEW中使用MATLAB脚本节点.仪器仪表标准化与计量,2003(5) ,17
[14]邹鲲,袁俊泉,龚享铱.Matlab 6.x信号处理.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:220-232
[15]清源计算机工作室.MATLAB 6.0基础及应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[16]高飞.振动测量与信号分析.西安:西北工业大学出版社,1989: 42-43,46,55-56
[17]丁康,李巍华,朱小勇.齿轮及齿轮箱故障诊断实用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:28-33
[18]傅勤毅,王峰林等.滚动轴承故障诊断中的多参数综合判别方法.哈尔滨工业大学学报.1997,(3):57-60
[19]应怀樵.现代振动与噪声技术.北京:航空工业出版社,2005:89
[20]高政.信号处理与系统分析.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005:73-89
[21]诺顿著,盛元生,顾伟豪,韩健民等译.小工程噪声和振动得分析基础.北京:航空工业出版社,1993:328-345
[22]林湘宁,刘沛,程时杰.小波分析基础理论及其在电力系统中的应用(第三讲).电力系统及自动化.1997,21(12) :79-83
[23]胡昌华,张军波,夏军等.基于Matlab的系统分析与设计.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001:6-17
[24]成礼智,郭汉伟.小波与离散变换理论及工程实践.北京:清华大学出版社,2005:40
[25]刘涛,曾祥利,曾军.实用小波分析入门.北京:国防工业出版社,2006:102-133
[26]杨健国.小波分析及其工程应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:26-63
[27] Peter W.Tse,Y.H.Peng, and Richard Yam.Wavelet Analysis and Envelope Detection For Rolling Element Bearing Fault Diagnosis-Their Effectiveness and Flexibilities.Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 2001,123(3):303-31
[28]任震,黄雯莹.小波分析及其在电力系统中的应用.电力系统自动化.1997,21(1):5-7
[29]徐玉秀,原培新,杨文平著.复杂机械故障诊断的分形与小波方法.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:30-48
[30]王晓茹.基于小波变换和神经网络的高压电网故障信号处理与保护研究.成都:西南交通大学,1998
[31]黄志开,黄得双,张俊.基于PC、Matlab的振动信号处理的实现.机电工程技术.2005(,12):65-66
[32]董新洲.小波变换应用于电力系统故障信号分析初探.中国电机工程学报.1997,17(1) :421-424
[33]杨宝清.现代传感器基础.北京:中国铁道出版社.2000:236-267
[34]张如一,沈观林,李朝弟.应变电测与传感器.北京:清华大学出版社,1999: 26-66
[35]计欣华,邓宗白,鲁阳等著.工程实验力学.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:26-43
[36]约翰逊著,潘秋明译.有源滤波器的快速使用设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,1980:30-33
[2]王泽保.LabVIEW与虚拟仪器设计.世界仪表与自动化.1999,3(6): 68-70
[3] National Instruments Corp.SC一2040 User Manual (Eight-Channel Simultaneous Sample- and-Hold Accessory), Austin,Texas USA. September 1994:1- 40
[4]杨乐平,李海涛,肖相生等.LabVIEW程序设计与应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2001: 15
[5]石博强,赵德永,李畅等.LabVIEW6.1编程技术实用教程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002:2- 8
[6] Goldsmith, Long. Modeling of formation and break age of receptor-ligand bonds in shear flow. in Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society. San Diego.1997:114-116
[7]应怀樵.虚拟仪器与计算机采集测试分析仪器的发展和展望.测控技术.2000, (19 ):8
[8]程学庆,房晓溪,韩薪莘等.LabVIEW图形化编程与实例应用.北京:中国铁道出版社,2005:131-178
[9]邓焱,王磊.LabVIEW7.1测试技术与仪器应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:188-255
[10]陆绮荣.基于虚拟仪器技术个人实验室的关键.北京:电子工业出版社,2006:152
[11] Robert H.Bishop著,乔瑞萍,林欣译.LabVIEW7实用教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2005:359-367
[12]侯国屏,王坤,叶齐鑫等.LabVIEW7.1编程与虚拟仪器设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2005:223-239
[13]李宁,张元培,朱立军.在LabVIEW中使用MATLAB脚本节点.仪器仪表标准化与计量,2003(5) ,17
[14]邹鲲,袁俊泉,龚享铱.Matlab 6.x信号处理.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:220-232
[15]清源计算机工作室.MATLAB 6.0基础及应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[16]高飞.振动测量与信号分析.西安:西北工业大学出版社,1989: 42-43,46,55-56
[17]丁康,李巍华,朱小勇.齿轮及齿轮箱故障诊断实用技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:28-33
[18]傅勤毅,王峰林等.滚动轴承故障诊断中的多参数综合判别方法.哈尔滨工业大学学报.1997,(3):57-60
[19]应怀樵.现代振动与噪声技术.北京:航空工业出版社,2005:89
[20]高政.信号处理与系统分析.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005:73-89
[21]诺顿著,盛元生,顾伟豪,韩健民等译.小工程噪声和振动得分析基础.北京:航空工业出版社,1993:328-345
[22]林湘宁,刘沛,程时杰.小波分析基础理论及其在电力系统中的应用(第三讲).电力系统及自动化.1997,21(12) :79-83
[23]胡昌华,张军波,夏军等.基于Matlab的系统分析与设计.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001:6-17
[24]成礼智,郭汉伟.小波与离散变换理论及工程实践.北京:清华大学出版社,2005:40
[25]刘涛,曾祥利,曾军.实用小波分析入门.北京:国防工业出版社,2006:102-133
[26]杨健国.小波分析及其工程应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:26-63
[27] Peter W.Tse,Y.H.Peng, and Richard Yam.Wavelet Analysis and Envelope Detection For Rolling Element Bearing Fault Diagnosis-Their Effectiveness and Flexibilities.Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 2001,123(3):303-31
[28]任震,黄雯莹.小波分析及其在电力系统中的应用.电力系统自动化.1997,21(1):5-7
[29]徐玉秀,原培新,杨文平著.复杂机械故障诊断的分形与小波方法.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:30-48
[30]王晓茹.基于小波变换和神经网络的高压电网故障信号处理与保护研究.成都:西南交通大学,1998
[31]黄志开,黄得双,张俊.基于PC、Matlab的振动信号处理的实现.机电工程技术.2005(,12):65-66
[32]董新洲.小波变换应用于电力系统故障信号分析初探.中国电机工程学报.1997,17(1) :421-424
[33]杨宝清.现代传感器基础.北京:中国铁道出版社.2000:236-267
[34]张如一,沈观林,李朝弟.应变电测与传感器.北京:清华大学出版社,1999: 26-66
[35]计欣华,邓宗白,鲁阳等著.工程实验力学.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:26-43
[36]约翰逊著,潘秋明译.有源滤波器的快速使用设计.北京:人民邮电出版社,1980:30-33