供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法研究
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摘要
供应链合作运作管理一直是当前研究中的热点问题。整体上,当前的研究可以划分为基础理论、合作企业选择、合作现状调查与分析、合作关系持续运营管理等四个方面。在供应链伙伴关系管理研究领域,当前研究热点正由前几年的合作伙伴选择逐渐转变到合作团队建立后合作持续方面的关系维系管理。对我国大型国有制造企业的供应链合作现状调查表明:核心企业与供应商间存在建立协调供应链合作关系的愿望,却不完全存在实质性的合作关系。为了建立协调的合作关系,必须在供应链企业间形成合作的观念,并建立一种信任关系。而我国不同地区供应链企业间合作关系实际发展状况的调查则发现,我国供应链合作企业间广泛存在信任危机,且它严重阻碍了我国供应链企业间合作关系的良性发展。为了避免信任危机的发生,有必要以合作企业间的信任为核心构建供应链伙伴关系诊断管理方法,以支持供应链的良好运行。
美、英、日等国为信任机制较为完善的国家,供应链企业合作关系持续中的不信任问题并没有引起当地学者的足够重视。现有国内外关于供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法的研究成果较为匮乏。而在类似于我国这种信任机制相对缺乏的国家中,基于信任内核进行合作企业间的关系管理,避免因信任危机而导致的合作关系非正常终结,又是一个迫切需要解决的现实问题。本文基于系统工程学、决策学、管理学、计算机科学等领域的基础理论与方法,对供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法的相关前沿内容进行了详细探讨,论文主要内容包括:
1、供应链伙伴信任关系诊断研究问题的提出。首先,分析我国存在对信任危机进行控制的现实问题。之后,通过分类综述现有供应链伙伴信任关系管理相关研究文献,探讨现有研究是否可以为供应链合作企业间信任关系诊断提供支撑。进而,根据科学研究的发展提出进行供应链伙伴信任关系诊断管理中急需进行深入探讨的三个方向。
2、构建信任程度度量的基础理论与方法。信任程度是供应链伙伴信任关系诊断中的对象,而通过信任度度量进行信任诊断是一种主要地实现方式。由于信任内涵的多样性,信任程度度量一直是该领域的难点。信任最初是来源于伦理学中的概念,即便将其延伸到合作企业间形成的组织信任角度,信任程度度量中亦然需要处理代理不同企业利益的各专家的主观经验。本文主要分析信任度的内涵,界定进行主观信任程度度量时需要考虑的指标体系。在其基础上,通过智能决策技术的支撑,构建一种能够充分考虑供应链运作专家经验的信任度度量过程模型与程序模型。
3、构建供应链伙伴关系信任状态诊断的基础理论与方法。基于信任程度度量,构建系统的供应链伙伴关系诊断管理体系。本文构建供应链企业间信任状态诊断的具体模型。该模型以供应链伙伴关系中的信任状态作为主要对象。其中的信任包括:契约信任、能力信任和意愿信任。分别构建两种信任度主导方式下的信任诊断,即:信任度显示主导诊断和信任度隐式主导诊断。通过监控合作企业间的信任状态,在出现信任危机之前予以警示,能够为改善供应链节点企业间的信任合作关系提供支撑。
4、提出信任诊断后的关系协调框架模型。在供应链伙伴关系信任诊断模型的基础上,进一步提出一种进行供应链伙伴关系信任协调的框架模型,在信任监控和具体的信任协调技术之间架起了一座桥梁。该桥梁以供应链伙伴关系信任诊断为基础,以不同的信任状态诊断结果为判断条件,通过供应链节点企业间有效地信息沟通,采取进一步的处理措施来改善合作企业间的信任关系。
5、以某计算机公司为背景,对本文所提出的供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法实施具体应用验证。
供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法的构建为进一步实施合作关系信任维系协调奠定了基础。
Supply chain cooperation management is a focus in management science. In general, there are several aspects of this research area, i.e. foundation theory, partner selection, investigation on cooperation status, partnership sustaining. By investigating cooperation status, we can find existing problems in supply chain and further research directions. Some invistgations on manufacturing firms indicate that there are no partnerships in supply chain though managers have the will to carry on cooperation. In order to build up coordinated partnership, it must be accpected that cooperation is the effective technique to obtain profits and trust is the core of cooperation. While, investigations on lots of partnerships in supply chain of China indicate that there exists trust crisis among cooperative firms. Trust crisis is a bias for the development of supply chain partnership in China. In order to avoid trust crisis, it is essential to diagnose trust state among cooperative firms in supply chain.
Because USA, European countries, Japan, etc. are all those that have good trust mechanism in the society, coordination of trust relationships doesn’t gain focus of local researchers. There are no theories and methods about trust inspection in supply chain partnership till now. At the same time, China has been classified as the area that lacks trust in the society by researchers. Hence, it is a significant problem to carry on trust diagnosis to avoid trust crisis in China. This research makes a detailed study on trust diagnosis in supply chain based on theories from management science, computer science, and system science. Main contents of the research are as follows.
1. The problem of supply chain partnership diagnosis is proposed. Real-life probems to inspect trust state of supply chain operation for Chinese firms are firstly analyzed. On the foundation of reviewing relevant references of supply chain partnership management, we finally find that there are no mature methodologies for trust inspection. Hence, three research directions of trust diagnosis in supply chain partnership are proposed.
2. Basic theories and methods of trust evaluation are proposed. Trust is the foundation of cooperation among supply chain partners, and degree of trust is one of the key contents and base in trust inspection. Trust derives from ethnics. There are lots of subjective contents to be considered in trust evaluation. This research analyzes meanings of trust degree, features in trust evaluation, trust evaluation processes, methods, and models. As a result, a new method of trust evaluation with the consideration of subjective knowledge and wills is proposed.
3. Basic theory and method of trust diagnosis among supply chain partners are proposed. On the foundation of trust evaluation, a new method of trust diagnosis among supply chain partners is proposed. Trust is the main management object in the method, including contractual trust, competency trust, and goodwill trust. There are two main trust evaluation means, i.e. diagnosis by trust degree normally and hiddenly. It can provide support for improving trusted partnership by diagnosing trust state among cooperative firms and giving an alert if there is indeed trust crisis.
4. Framework of trust coordination after trust diagnosis is proposed. On the foundation of trust diagnosis, the framework of trust coordination of supply chain partnership is proposed. The framework is a bridge between trust inspection and techiniques of trust coordination. The bridge is based on trust diagnosis among cooperative firms. Different results of diagnosis are used as judgement on employing different strategies. Communication among cooperative firms is the supporting layer for coordination. Hence, trust coordination by specific techniques to improve trust relationship is possible to carry out by the bridge.
5. In the situation of a computer company, trust diagnosis methods are applied.
The building-up of trust diagnosis on trust partnership in supply chain establishs foundations for using specific techniques of trust coordination to improve trust among cooperative firms.
美、英、日等国为信任机制较为完善的国家,供应链企业合作关系持续中的不信任问题并没有引起当地学者的足够重视。现有国内外关于供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法的研究成果较为匮乏。而在类似于我国这种信任机制相对缺乏的国家中,基于信任内核进行合作企业间的关系管理,避免因信任危机而导致的合作关系非正常终结,又是一个迫切需要解决的现实问题。本文基于系统工程学、决策学、管理学、计算机科学等领域的基础理论与方法,对供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法的相关前沿内容进行了详细探讨,论文主要内容包括:
1、供应链伙伴信任关系诊断研究问题的提出。首先,分析我国存在对信任危机进行控制的现实问题。之后,通过分类综述现有供应链伙伴信任关系管理相关研究文献,探讨现有研究是否可以为供应链合作企业间信任关系诊断提供支撑。进而,根据科学研究的发展提出进行供应链伙伴信任关系诊断管理中急需进行深入探讨的三个方向。
2、构建信任程度度量的基础理论与方法。信任程度是供应链伙伴信任关系诊断中的对象,而通过信任度度量进行信任诊断是一种主要地实现方式。由于信任内涵的多样性,信任程度度量一直是该领域的难点。信任最初是来源于伦理学中的概念,即便将其延伸到合作企业间形成的组织信任角度,信任程度度量中亦然需要处理代理不同企业利益的各专家的主观经验。本文主要分析信任度的内涵,界定进行主观信任程度度量时需要考虑的指标体系。在其基础上,通过智能决策技术的支撑,构建一种能够充分考虑供应链运作专家经验的信任度度量过程模型与程序模型。
3、构建供应链伙伴关系信任状态诊断的基础理论与方法。基于信任程度度量,构建系统的供应链伙伴关系诊断管理体系。本文构建供应链企业间信任状态诊断的具体模型。该模型以供应链伙伴关系中的信任状态作为主要对象。其中的信任包括:契约信任、能力信任和意愿信任。分别构建两种信任度主导方式下的信任诊断,即:信任度显示主导诊断和信任度隐式主导诊断。通过监控合作企业间的信任状态,在出现信任危机之前予以警示,能够为改善供应链节点企业间的信任合作关系提供支撑。
4、提出信任诊断后的关系协调框架模型。在供应链伙伴关系信任诊断模型的基础上,进一步提出一种进行供应链伙伴关系信任协调的框架模型,在信任监控和具体的信任协调技术之间架起了一座桥梁。该桥梁以供应链伙伴关系信任诊断为基础,以不同的信任状态诊断结果为判断条件,通过供应链节点企业间有效地信息沟通,采取进一步的处理措施来改善合作企业间的信任关系。
5、以某计算机公司为背景,对本文所提出的供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法实施具体应用验证。
供应链伙伴信任关系诊断方法的构建为进一步实施合作关系信任维系协调奠定了基础。
Supply chain cooperation management is a focus in management science. In general, there are several aspects of this research area, i.e. foundation theory, partner selection, investigation on cooperation status, partnership sustaining. By investigating cooperation status, we can find existing problems in supply chain and further research directions. Some invistgations on manufacturing firms indicate that there are no partnerships in supply chain though managers have the will to carry on cooperation. In order to build up coordinated partnership, it must be accpected that cooperation is the effective technique to obtain profits and trust is the core of cooperation. While, investigations on lots of partnerships in supply chain of China indicate that there exists trust crisis among cooperative firms. Trust crisis is a bias for the development of supply chain partnership in China. In order to avoid trust crisis, it is essential to diagnose trust state among cooperative firms in supply chain.
Because USA, European countries, Japan, etc. are all those that have good trust mechanism in the society, coordination of trust relationships doesn’t gain focus of local researchers. There are no theories and methods about trust inspection in supply chain partnership till now. At the same time, China has been classified as the area that lacks trust in the society by researchers. Hence, it is a significant problem to carry on trust diagnosis to avoid trust crisis in China. This research makes a detailed study on trust diagnosis in supply chain based on theories from management science, computer science, and system science. Main contents of the research are as follows.
1. The problem of supply chain partnership diagnosis is proposed. Real-life probems to inspect trust state of supply chain operation for Chinese firms are firstly analyzed. On the foundation of reviewing relevant references of supply chain partnership management, we finally find that there are no mature methodologies for trust inspection. Hence, three research directions of trust diagnosis in supply chain partnership are proposed.
2. Basic theories and methods of trust evaluation are proposed. Trust is the foundation of cooperation among supply chain partners, and degree of trust is one of the key contents and base in trust inspection. Trust derives from ethnics. There are lots of subjective contents to be considered in trust evaluation. This research analyzes meanings of trust degree, features in trust evaluation, trust evaluation processes, methods, and models. As a result, a new method of trust evaluation with the consideration of subjective knowledge and wills is proposed.
3. Basic theory and method of trust diagnosis among supply chain partners are proposed. On the foundation of trust evaluation, a new method of trust diagnosis among supply chain partners is proposed. Trust is the main management object in the method, including contractual trust, competency trust, and goodwill trust. There are two main trust evaluation means, i.e. diagnosis by trust degree normally and hiddenly. It can provide support for improving trusted partnership by diagnosing trust state among cooperative firms and giving an alert if there is indeed trust crisis.
4. Framework of trust coordination after trust diagnosis is proposed. On the foundation of trust diagnosis, the framework of trust coordination of supply chain partnership is proposed. The framework is a bridge between trust inspection and techiniques of trust coordination. The bridge is based on trust diagnosis among cooperative firms. Different results of diagnosis are used as judgement on employing different strategies. Communication among cooperative firms is the supporting layer for coordination. Hence, trust coordination by specific techniques to improve trust relationship is possible to carry out by the bridge.
5. In the situation of a computer company, trust diagnosis methods are applied.
The building-up of trust diagnosis on trust partnership in supply chain establishs foundations for using specific techniques of trust coordination to improve trust among cooperative firms.
引文
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