汽油发电机组控制与测试系统的研究与应用
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摘要
随着发电机工业发展，为确保产品的高质量，每台发电机组出厂前都要进行检测，因此，国内研制一套高准确度、高自动化程度的中小型发电机组控制与测试系统对提高生产效率、减轻工作强度和提高质量都有重大的现实意义。
本文介绍了一种汽油发电机组控制与测试系统。发电机组控制与测试主要是研究发电机组各种特性及参数的测试，包括发电机组的工作特性，机械特性，热，声和电参数的测试以及试验数据的分析处理。
本发电机组控制与测试系统以工控机为控制中枢，主要由电子调速模块、数据采集模块、I／O接口电路模块和功能测试模块组成。本控制与测试系统能对汽油发电机组的电压、电流、频率、功率、功率因数进行实时的显示，同时对不同测试项目的测试结果生成测试报表，并实现保存、打印的功能；实现了对不合格产品的及时报警功能。该控制与测试系统具有测试速度快，测试精度高，测试范围广等特点。
用C++ Builder6作为开发工具，采用面向对象编程技术，设计出操作简单、可靠性高、可维护性好、具有交互式的图形界面的测试控制系统。该系统具有以下功能：(1)进行程序控制；(2)监测测试过程；(3)记录、整理并分析测试结果，即将测试所得数据进行分析处理，然后显示、打印或储存；(4)在测试过程中，通过控制界面显示测试信息，可了解整个系统的运行状态。在测试系统在生产中具有较高的实用价值和推广意义。
Developing along with the generator industry, and for insuring the product's high quantity, each petrol generator outs from factory all want proceeding the control and test, therefore, domestic's research to manufacture a high and accurate degree, high automation degree test system to increase the production efficiency, alleviate the work strength and increase the quantity is important with the realistic meaning.
This text introduces one kind of machine which in function controls and tests the performance of the petrol generator. This machine aims to study all kinds of characteristic and test the characteristic, including the working characteristic of the generator, the machine characteristic, hot, voice, electricity parameter to measure, analysis and handle the data.
The petrol generator test system has an IPC (Industrial Personal Computer) as its controller, and includes electrical regulator module, data collecting module, I/O interface module and measuring module. The test system can real time display the voltage, current, frequency, power and power factor, and in the same time can make the test report of different test items, and have the function of saving and printing the reports, and can give an alarm if the generator is disqualification. The test system has the characteristic of high speed, high precision and wide range.
The software of the control and test system is programmed mainly with C++ Builder6 language, using Object Oriented Programming (OOP) methods. The system has a mutual graph supervising interface, and it has the advantage of simple operation and high liability and easy maintaining. The software system can perform the following operation: (1) programmed control; (2) monitoring the test process; (3) recording, analyzing and dealing with the data of test, displaying and saving the useful data; (4) in the process of test, providing the operational information by the console interface. It is designed for motor laboratory, so it has highly practical value and is worth to be widely applied.
本文介绍了一种汽油发电机组控制与测试系统。发电机组控制与测试主要是研究发电机组各种特性及参数的测试，包括发电机组的工作特性，机械特性，热，声和电参数的测试以及试验数据的分析处理。
本发电机组控制与测试系统以工控机为控制中枢，主要由电子调速模块、数据采集模块、I／O接口电路模块和功能测试模块组成。本控制与测试系统能对汽油发电机组的电压、电流、频率、功率、功率因数进行实时的显示，同时对不同测试项目的测试结果生成测试报表，并实现保存、打印的功能；实现了对不合格产品的及时报警功能。该控制与测试系统具有测试速度快，测试精度高，测试范围广等特点。
用C++ Builder6作为开发工具，采用面向对象编程技术，设计出操作简单、可靠性高、可维护性好、具有交互式的图形界面的测试控制系统。该系统具有以下功能：(1)进行程序控制；(2)监测测试过程；(3)记录、整理并分析测试结果，即将测试所得数据进行分析处理，然后显示、打印或储存；(4)在测试过程中，通过控制界面显示测试信息，可了解整个系统的运行状态。在测试系统在生产中具有较高的实用价值和推广意义。
Developing along with the generator industry, and for insuring the product's high quantity, each petrol generator outs from factory all want proceeding the control and test, therefore, domestic's research to manufacture a high and accurate degree, high automation degree test system to increase the production efficiency, alleviate the work strength and increase the quantity is important with the realistic meaning.
This text introduces one kind of machine which in function controls and tests the performance of the petrol generator. This machine aims to study all kinds of characteristic and test the characteristic, including the working characteristic of the generator, the machine characteristic, hot, voice, electricity parameter to measure, analysis and handle the data.
The petrol generator test system has an IPC (Industrial Personal Computer) as its controller, and includes electrical regulator module, data collecting module, I/O interface module and measuring module. The test system can real time display the voltage, current, frequency, power and power factor, and in the same time can make the test report of different test items, and have the function of saving and printing the reports, and can give an alarm if the generator is disqualification. The test system has the characteristic of high speed, high precision and wide range.
The software of the control and test system is programmed mainly with C++ Builder6 language, using Object Oriented Programming (OOP) methods. The system has a mutual graph supervising interface, and it has the advantage of simple operation and high liability and easy maintaining. The software system can perform the following operation: (1) programmed control; (2) monitoring the test process; (3) recording, analyzing and dealing with the data of test, displaying and saving the useful data; (4) in the process of test, providing the operational information by the console interface. It is designed for motor laboratory, so it has highly practical value and is worth to be widely applied.
引文
[01] AVL公司www．avl．com
[02] 厦门海腾发动机测试设备有限公司 http://www.avl-hitec.com/show.htm#
[03] 西安爱科电子 http://www.cnaction.com/ArticleShow.asp?ArticlelD=85
[04] 张振欣．智能型发电机组综合性能测试仪．仪器仪表标准化与计量．2003．5
[05] 发动机测试台架论坛 http://www.dfeme.net/cgi-bin/forums.cgi?forum=2&show=50
[06] 蒋德明．内燃机原理．机械工业出版社．1996
[07] 中华人民共和国国家标准工频汽油发电机组技术条件JB／T 10304-2001．2001．8
[08] 中华人民共和国国家标准工频汽油发电机组通用技术条件 GB／T 8365-87．1987．11
[09] 王尚勇，扬青编著．柴油机电子控制技术．机械工业出版社．2004．9
[10] 柳香雅．数字电子调速器的设计与应用．交通与计算机．2005．05
[11] Donal E Paulus, Michael L Dunbar. High Pressure Sensor for Use in Common Rail Diesel Fuel Injection System. SAE 980163. 1998
[12] 陈燕慧．汽油机组电子调速器动态特性的研究[学位论文]．西南农业大学．2005
[13] 刘峰．电子调速器在汽油机组中的应用．农业机械学报．2004．06
[14] 杨仕．汽油机组电子调速器的研究[学位论文]．西南农业大学．2001
[15] 陶永华等．新型PID控制及其应用．机械工业出版社．1998
[16] 赵光宇等．模糊PID数字调速器的设计．内燃机工程．1999(2)
[17] 张俊谟等．单片机中级教程．北京航空航天大学出版社．2000
[18] 肖英奎．伺服系统实用技术．化学工业出版社．2003．11
[19] 丰源微特电机 http://fy-motor.cn/pro.htm
[20] 韩如文．小型汽油发电机组智能式电子调速系统方案设计．后勤工程学院学报．2004．1
[21] Alois Kainz. A New User Interface Concept for Electronic Diesel Engine Management Systers. SAE 870430
[21] Minggao Yang, Qilong Lu etc. Study of The Injection Control Valve in A New Electronic Diesel Fuel System. Tsinghua University. SAE 980813. 1998
[22] 刘宝廷．步进电动机及其驱动控制系统．哈尔滨工业出版社．1997．11
[23] 四川诚邦测控技术有限公司 http://www. chengbang.cn/docc/xiazai.htm
[24] 凯翔电气有限公司 http://www.china-kxtx.com/dyjc/cshxt.htm
[25] 新创四方电子有限公司 http://www.bingzi.com/p_hgq__ta1016．asp
[26] 新创四方电子有限公司 http://www.bingzi.com/p_hgq_ta1321．asp
[27] 新创四方电子有限公司 http://www.bingzi.com/p.hgq_tv1013_1．aSp
[28] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/ac6610．asp
[29] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/ac6611．asp
[30] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/ac6651．asp
[31] 李志军．交流采样技术在同步发电机测试中的应用．中小型电机．2003．5
[32] 赵月琴．电机测试中电压、电流及功率的同步采样法．煤．1999．5
[33] 康尔良．交流采样在电机测试中的应用．中小型电机．2001．3
[34] 尧军奇．现代柴油发电机组原理、使用与维修．电子工业出版社．2004．12
[35] 刘庆华．基于c++Builder的汽油发动机数据采集系统．农业机械学报．2003．1
[36] 刘超，唐彬．C++Builder案例开发集锦．电子工业出版社．2005
[37] 王庆利．智能化电机转速与制动时间测试仪的实现。东北电力技术．1998．12
[38] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/doc/AC6610.doc
[39] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/doc/AC6651．doc
[40] Masahiko Miyake, Hideya Fujisawa etc. Development of New Electronically Controlled Fuel Injection Diesel Engine. Nippondenso CO., Ltd, SAE 901252
[41] Steven Ashley. Diesel Cars come Clean. Mechanical Engineering, 1997(8)
[42] 王耀南．智能控制系统．湖南大学出版社．1996
[43] 严兆大．内燃机测试技术．浙江大学出版社．1993
[44] Martin Fritz Eckhard Weib. A Diesel-Engine-Mangement with a New Housing Technology. SAE960043. 1996
[45] Akihiko Watanabe, Satoshi Tanaka. A Single-ship RISC Microcontroller Boarding on MY1998. SAE970863. 1997
[46] Karnopp D. Comput Computer Simulation of Stick-slip Friction in Mechanical Dynamic Systems. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control. 1985, 107: 100-103
[47] 黄俊．电力电子变流技术．机械工业出版社．1993．9
[48] 何育生．机组自动控制系统．中国电力出版社．2005．1
[49] Mercalli G, Nortara P. A New Automotive Real Time Engine Control System with 32 Bit Microcontroller. SAE 945002. 1994
[50] Michael M, MichaelB. Levin. Camless Engine. SAE 960581. 1996
[51] Riccardo Buratti. Di Diesel Engine With Variable Geometry Turboeharge(VGT): A Model Based Boost Pressure Control Strategy. MECCAN/CA, 1997. 32: 409-421
[52] Tetsure Kato; Takesha Koyana etc. Common Rail Fuel Injection System for Improvement of Engine Performance on Heavy Duty Diesel Engine. SAE 980806. 1998
[53] Joseph Lemieux. Programming in the OSEK/VDX Environment. CMP Media LLC., U. S. A.. 2001
[54] Carl J. Kempt, Seiichi Kobayashi. Disturbance Observer and Feed forward Design for a High-speed Direct-Drive Positioning Table. IEEE Transactions on control system technology, 1999, 7(5): 513-527
[55] 张桂香等．计算机控制技术．电子科技大学出版社．2001
[56] 魏金成．柴油发电机微机检测与控制系统．四川工业学院学报．1999．3
[57] 易浩波．智能电机测试与控制系统的研究与开发[学位论文]．湖南大学．2003．9：1-3
[58] 卢文科．电子检测技术．国防工业出版社．2002．1
[02] 厦门海腾发动机测试设备有限公司 http://www.avl-hitec.com/show.htm#
[03] 西安爱科电子 http://www.cnaction.com/ArticleShow.asp?ArticlelD=85
[04] 张振欣．智能型发电机组综合性能测试仪．仪器仪表标准化与计量．2003．5
[05] 发动机测试台架论坛 http://www.dfeme.net/cgi-bin/forums.cgi?forum=2&show=50
[06] 蒋德明．内燃机原理．机械工业出版社．1996
[07] 中华人民共和国国家标准工频汽油发电机组技术条件JB／T 10304-2001．2001．8
[08] 中华人民共和国国家标准工频汽油发电机组通用技术条件 GB／T 8365-87．1987．11
[09] 王尚勇，扬青编著．柴油机电子控制技术．机械工业出版社．2004．9
[10] 柳香雅．数字电子调速器的设计与应用．交通与计算机．2005．05
[11] Donal E Paulus, Michael L Dunbar. High Pressure Sensor for Use in Common Rail Diesel Fuel Injection System. SAE 980163. 1998
[12] 陈燕慧．汽油机组电子调速器动态特性的研究[学位论文]．西南农业大学．2005
[13] 刘峰．电子调速器在汽油机组中的应用．农业机械学报．2004．06
[14] 杨仕．汽油机组电子调速器的研究[学位论文]．西南农业大学．2001
[15] 陶永华等．新型PID控制及其应用．机械工业出版社．1998
[16] 赵光宇等．模糊PID数字调速器的设计．内燃机工程．1999(2)
[17] 张俊谟等．单片机中级教程．北京航空航天大学出版社．2000
[18] 肖英奎．伺服系统实用技术．化学工业出版社．2003．11
[19] 丰源微特电机 http://fy-motor.cn/pro.htm
[20] 韩如文．小型汽油发电机组智能式电子调速系统方案设计．后勤工程学院学报．2004．1
[21] Alois Kainz. A New User Interface Concept for Electronic Diesel Engine Management Systers. SAE 870430
[21] Minggao Yang, Qilong Lu etc. Study of The Injection Control Valve in A New Electronic Diesel Fuel System. Tsinghua University. SAE 980813. 1998
[22] 刘宝廷．步进电动机及其驱动控制系统．哈尔滨工业出版社．1997．11
[23] 四川诚邦测控技术有限公司 http://www. chengbang.cn/docc/xiazai.htm
[24] 凯翔电气有限公司 http://www.china-kxtx.com/dyjc/cshxt.htm
[25] 新创四方电子有限公司 http://www.bingzi.com/p_hgq__ta1016．asp
[26] 新创四方电子有限公司 http://www.bingzi.com/p_hgq_ta1321．asp
[27] 新创四方电子有限公司 http://www.bingzi.com/p.hgq_tv1013_1．aSp
[28] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/ac6610．asp
[29] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/ac6611．asp
[30] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/ac6651．asp
[31] 李志军．交流采样技术在同步发电机测试中的应用．中小型电机．2003．5
[32] 赵月琴．电机测试中电压、电流及功率的同步采样法．煤．1999．5
[33] 康尔良．交流采样在电机测试中的应用．中小型电机．2001．3
[34] 尧军奇．现代柴油发电机组原理、使用与维修．电子工业出版社．2004．12
[35] 刘庆华．基于c++Builder的汽油发动机数据采集系统．农业机械学报．2003．1
[36] 刘超，唐彬．C++Builder案例开发集锦．电子工业出版社．2005
[37] 王庆利．智能化电机转速与制动时间测试仪的实现。东北电力技术．1998．12
[38] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/doc/AC6610.doc
[39] 北京双诺测控技术有限公司 http://www.wwlab.com.cn/product/doc/AC6651．doc
[40] Masahiko Miyake, Hideya Fujisawa etc. Development of New Electronically Controlled Fuel Injection Diesel Engine. Nippondenso CO., Ltd, SAE 901252
[41] Steven Ashley. Diesel Cars come Clean. Mechanical Engineering, 1997(8)
[42] 王耀南．智能控制系统．湖南大学出版社．1996
[43] 严兆大．内燃机测试技术．浙江大学出版社．1993
[44] Martin Fritz Eckhard Weib. A Diesel-Engine-Mangement with a New Housing Technology. SAE960043. 1996
[45] Akihiko Watanabe, Satoshi Tanaka. A Single-ship RISC Microcontroller Boarding on MY1998. SAE970863. 1997
[46] Karnopp D. Comput Computer Simulation of Stick-slip Friction in Mechanical Dynamic Systems. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control. 1985, 107: 100-103
[47] 黄俊．电力电子变流技术．机械工业出版社．1993．9
[48] 何育生．机组自动控制系统．中国电力出版社．2005．1
[49] Mercalli G, Nortara P. A New Automotive Real Time Engine Control System with 32 Bit Microcontroller. SAE 945002. 1994
[50] Michael M, MichaelB. Levin. Camless Engine. SAE 960581. 1996
[51] Riccardo Buratti. Di Diesel Engine With Variable Geometry Turboeharge(VGT): A Model Based Boost Pressure Control Strategy. MECCAN/CA, 1997. 32: 409-421
[52] Tetsure Kato; Takesha Koyana etc. Common Rail Fuel Injection System for Improvement of Engine Performance on Heavy Duty Diesel Engine. SAE 980806. 1998
[53] Joseph Lemieux. Programming in the OSEK/VDX Environment. CMP Media LLC., U. S. A.. 2001
[54] Carl J. Kempt, Seiichi Kobayashi. Disturbance Observer and Feed forward Design for a High-speed Direct-Drive Positioning Table. IEEE Transactions on control system technology, 1999, 7(5): 513-527
[55] 张桂香等．计算机控制技术．电子科技大学出版社．2001
[56] 魏金成．柴油发电机微机检测与控制系统．四川工业学院学报．1999．3
[57] 易浩波．智能电机测试与控制系统的研究与开发[学位论文]．湖南大学．2003．9：1-3
[58] 卢文科．电子检测技术．国防工业出版社．2002．1