基于施工方的毛尔盖水电站多目标优化控制过程研究
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摘要
在讲求经济、社会、环境协调、可持续发展的今天,优先开发、利用水能资源符合全人类的共同利益,而且也是保护生态环境、实现可持续发展的客观选择。我国水能资源的可开发利用潜力十分巨大的,多年以来水电站建设一直是电力建设的主攻方向。
由于水电站建设项目具有一次性任务的属性,项目管理则是有力的管理工具。如何对水电站建设项目进行多目标优化控制一直是实践中不断探索的问题,尤其是对质量、工期、成本等经济目标的优化控制是水电站建设项目管理的重点。
论文是以毛尔盖水电站为例,阐述了这一水电站工程项目的基本情况、特点和施工方的项目管理水平；分析了影响工程项目的关联方,构建了项目要素体系,阐述了质量、工期、成本三者之间的关系并进行层次分解；然后利用项目管理中的有关质量管理、工期管理、成本管理的相关理论和方法,立足施工方对毛尔盖水电站截流工程进行了时间优化、时间-费用优化以及质量、工期、成本的综合控制,同时为了确保对质量、工期、成本优化控制的实施,从实践的角度提出了质量保证体系、计划管理的具体方法和成本的跟踪监管制度等。
从毛尔盖水电站的工程施工进展情况来看,已经完成的单项工程、分部工程的质量、工期、成本均达到了预期目标,质量、工期、成本的优化控制效果十分明显。
Today, the priority to development and utilization of water resources are not only in line with the common interests of all mankind but also the objective choice of protecting the ecological environment and realizing sustainable development. In China, the availability of water resource is abundant, and the building of hydroelectric power construction has always been the main direction of the power construction for many years.
The project of building hydroelectric power station is of the one-off task, while the project management is a powerful management tool. How to realize the multi-objective optimal control has always been an issue continuously explored in practice, especially the optimal control on economic objectives, such as quality, duration, cost, which is the focus of hydroelectric construction project management.
This paper elaborated the basic situation and characteristics of this hydropower project, and the builder's management level, analyzed the impact of the project's related parties, built the project element system and described the relation among the quality, duration and cost, and made a hierarchical decomposition; and then used the relevant theories and methods, such as quality management, duration management and cost management to realize the optimization of the time, cost and the integrated control of quality-duration-cost of the closure project based on the builder. Simultaneously, in order to ensure the implementation of the quality-duration-cost optimization control, this paper Proposed many measures as the quality assurance system, specific methods of program management and cost control tracking system.
Seen from the construction progress of maoergai hydroelectric station, targets of the completed individual projects, the division project quality and duration and cost have been met, and the effect of optimization was obvious.
由于水电站建设项目具有一次性任务的属性,项目管理则是有力的管理工具。如何对水电站建设项目进行多目标优化控制一直是实践中不断探索的问题,尤其是对质量、工期、成本等经济目标的优化控制是水电站建设项目管理的重点。
论文是以毛尔盖水电站为例,阐述了这一水电站工程项目的基本情况、特点和施工方的项目管理水平；分析了影响工程项目的关联方,构建了项目要素体系,阐述了质量、工期、成本三者之间的关系并进行层次分解；然后利用项目管理中的有关质量管理、工期管理、成本管理的相关理论和方法,立足施工方对毛尔盖水电站截流工程进行了时间优化、时间-费用优化以及质量、工期、成本的综合控制,同时为了确保对质量、工期、成本优化控制的实施,从实践的角度提出了质量保证体系、计划管理的具体方法和成本的跟踪监管制度等。
从毛尔盖水电站的工程施工进展情况来看,已经完成的单项工程、分部工程的质量、工期、成本均达到了预期目标,质量、工期、成本的优化控制效果十分明显。
Today, the priority to development and utilization of water resources are not only in line with the common interests of all mankind but also the objective choice of protecting the ecological environment and realizing sustainable development. In China, the availability of water resource is abundant, and the building of hydroelectric power construction has always been the main direction of the power construction for many years.
The project of building hydroelectric power station is of the one-off task, while the project management is a powerful management tool. How to realize the multi-objective optimal control has always been an issue continuously explored in practice, especially the optimal control on economic objectives, such as quality, duration, cost, which is the focus of hydroelectric construction project management.
This paper elaborated the basic situation and characteristics of this hydropower project, and the builder's management level, analyzed the impact of the project's related parties, built the project element system and described the relation among the quality, duration and cost, and made a hierarchical decomposition; and then used the relevant theories and methods, such as quality management, duration management and cost management to realize the optimization of the time, cost and the integrated control of quality-duration-cost of the closure project based on the builder. Simultaneously, in order to ensure the implementation of the quality-duration-cost optimization control, this paper Proposed many measures as the quality assurance system, specific methods of program management and cost control tracking system.
Seen from the construction progress of maoergai hydroelectric station, targets of the completed individual projects, the division project quality and duration and cost have been met, and the effect of optimization was obvious.
引文
[1]春洪浩.二滩水电站建设项目管理的实践与思考[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2007.3-5
(2)Siemens NK. A Simple CPM Time-Cost Trade-of Algorithm [J].Management Science.1989.15(3).122-136.
(3)Philips N H, Dessouki M L. Solving the Project Time Cost Trade of Problem Using the Minimal Cut Concept [J]. Management Science. 1993.22(5).443-451
(4)Balm J G, Nalina S. Problem Management with Time Cost and quality Construction (J).European Journal of Operational Research. 1998.47.(2).243-266
(5)Khang D B, Myint Y M. Time, Cost and Quality Trade-of in Project Management:. a Case Study (J).International Journal of Problem Management.1998.13 (9).122-134
(6)Robert M K, Tarek H. Project Performance Control in Reconstruction Projects [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 1999.23(2).112-135
[7]Rwelamila P D. Total Systems Intervention:a Integrated Approach to Time, Cost and Quality Management [J]. Construction Management and Economics.1999.21 (2).24-30
[8]Corbet D I. Quantifying Quality in Industrial Construction [J] Project Management.2001.23(10).321-325
[9]任洪亮,纪艳.建设项目的投资工期和质量控制[M].北京：中国建筑出版社.1999.121-129
[10]肖专文,徐日庆,龚晓南等.求解复杂工程优化问题的一种实用方法[J]水利学报.1999(12).12-15
[11]陈涛.工程项目质量工期费用控制[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2001.256-261
[12]崔国民,刘正龙.施工企业质量成本函数模型应用[J].建筑学报.2003.8(3).28-34
[13]钱颂迪.运筹学[M] 北京：清华大学出版社.2006.286-296
[14]鲍学英,赵廷龙.挣得值分析法在工程管理中的应用研究[J].兰州交通大学学报(自然科学版).200.8(24).6-13
[15]毛尔盖水电站建设项目申请报告和招标论证报告2007.3-4
[16]吕宁华.工程项目目标集成控制的研究[D].西南建筑科技大学硕士学位论文.2007.15-16
[17]朱勋杰.工程建设项目三大目标的辩证关系[J].建筑管理现代化.2002.4.65-67
[18]刘强,杨清江.施工项目管理中的成本、工期、质量和安全的控制[J)宁夏工学院学报(自然科学版).1997.9(1).31-36
[19]王晓.大型工程项目管理理论与方法研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2005.6.33-34
[20]李政训.项目施工管理与进度控制(M).北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2003.9(1).111-160
[21]罗义峰.浅谈施工企业内部会计控制[J].河南水利.2006.3.15-20
[22]白思俊等.现代项目管理概论[M].北京：电子工业出版社.2006.143-146
[23]卢向南.项目计划与控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006.95-99
[24]毕星,翟丽.项目管理[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2000.162-179
[25]戚安邦.多要素项目集成化管理方法研究[J].南开评论.2002.1.1-4
[26]Cass, Donald J. Earned Value Program for DOE Projects [J]. AACE-Ⅰ Transactions.1998.4.15-19
[27]陈俊芳.质量改进与质量管理[M].北京：北京师范大学出版社,2007.255-283
[28]孙贤伟.项目管理中“挣值”分析原理及其拓展[J].现代财经论.1998.3.12-14
[29]邹立功.项目管理在水电站建设工程中的应用研究[D].合肥工业大学硕士学位论文.2008.12.19-21
[30]王端良.建设项目进度控制[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,1999.165-223
(2)Siemens NK. A Simple CPM Time-Cost Trade-of Algorithm [J].Management Science.1989.15(3).122-136.
(3)Philips N H, Dessouki M L. Solving the Project Time Cost Trade of Problem Using the Minimal Cut Concept [J]. Management Science. 1993.22(5).443-451
(4)Balm J G, Nalina S. Problem Management with Time Cost and quality Construction (J).European Journal of Operational Research. 1998.47.(2).243-266
(5)Khang D B, Myint Y M. Time, Cost and Quality Trade-of in Project Management:. a Case Study (J).International Journal of Problem Management.1998.13 (9).122-134
(6)Robert M K, Tarek H. Project Performance Control in Reconstruction Projects [J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 1999.23(2).112-135
[7]Rwelamila P D. Total Systems Intervention:a Integrated Approach to Time, Cost and Quality Management [J]. Construction Management and Economics.1999.21 (2).24-30
[8]Corbet D I. Quantifying Quality in Industrial Construction [J] Project Management.2001.23(10).321-325
[9]任洪亮,纪艳.建设项目的投资工期和质量控制[M].北京：中国建筑出版社.1999.121-129
[10]肖专文,徐日庆,龚晓南等.求解复杂工程优化问题的一种实用方法[J]水利学报.1999(12).12-15
[11]陈涛.工程项目质量工期费用控制[M].北京：清华大学出版社.2001.256-261
[12]崔国民,刘正龙.施工企业质量成本函数模型应用[J].建筑学报.2003.8(3).28-34
[13]钱颂迪.运筹学[M] 北京：清华大学出版社.2006.286-296
[14]鲍学英,赵廷龙.挣得值分析法在工程管理中的应用研究[J].兰州交通大学学报(自然科学版).200.8(24).6-13
[15]毛尔盖水电站建设项目申请报告和招标论证报告2007.3-4
[16]吕宁华.工程项目目标集成控制的研究[D].西南建筑科技大学硕士学位论文.2007.15-16
[17]朱勋杰.工程建设项目三大目标的辩证关系[J].建筑管理现代化.2002.4.65-67
[18]刘强,杨清江.施工项目管理中的成本、工期、质量和安全的控制[J)宁夏工学院学报(自然科学版).1997.9(1).31-36
[19]王晓.大型工程项目管理理论与方法研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2005.6.33-34
[20]李政训.项目施工管理与进度控制(M).北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2003.9(1).111-160
[21]罗义峰.浅谈施工企业内部会计控制[J].河南水利.2006.3.15-20
[22]白思俊等.现代项目管理概论[M].北京：电子工业出版社.2006.143-146
[23]卢向南.项目计划与控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006.95-99
[24]毕星,翟丽.项目管理[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2000.162-179
[25]戚安邦.多要素项目集成化管理方法研究[J].南开评论.2002.1.1-4
[26]Cass, Donald J. Earned Value Program for DOE Projects [J]. AACE-Ⅰ Transactions.1998.4.15-19
[27]陈俊芳.质量改进与质量管理[M].北京：北京师范大学出版社,2007.255-283
[28]孙贤伟.项目管理中“挣值”分析原理及其拓展[J].现代财经论.1998.3.12-14
[29]邹立功.项目管理在水电站建设工程中的应用研究[D].合肥工业大学硕士学位论文.2008.12.19-21
[30]王端良.建设项目进度控制[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,1999.165-223