基于WiMAX技术的无线接入方式研究与应用
摘要
伴随着网络时代的到来,人们对大容量数据通信的要求越来越高,但是现有的本地网资源和能力有限,其已成为电信运营商数据接入业务发展的瓶颈。一种既能充分利用现有资源,又能够快速、高效解决现存宽带传输问题的新技术——WiMAX成为研究应用的热点。其作为一种无线接入技术,具有建设周期短、建设成本低等优势,因此在有效地解决有线接入不能立刻部署等困难上,给运营商宽带接入市场带来新的曙光。
本文详细介绍了WiMAX技术的发展过程、协议体系结构和关键技术;重点对WiMAX技术和其他新型宽带无线接入技术进行了对比分析,进一步阐明了WiMAX的技术在现有网络资源情况下的宽带通信优势;结合工程建设实际,从业务预测、业务组织、网络组织、频率规划、基站接入、网络管理、用户接入等方面对WiMAX无线接入解决方案进行了深入的分析和研究,为WiMAX技术从理论到实际应用提供了有利地支持和可能。
With the continuous development of science and technology, it has been the diverse needs of the expansion, especially for the requirements of communication technology, people want to be able to get a higher transfer rate, better mobile performance and service quality.The current data are still cable access business-oriented, the traditional fixed-line operators, because a large number of wireline access resources and access data services accounted for the lion's share of the market. Other operators has little local network resource and capacity, although the capacity of backbone network transmission and business, so local network becomes the bottleneck of data access business development.Local network required a longer construction period and substantial investment, in terms of opportunities for market point of view or from the perspective of return on investment than the large-scale construction of local networks are not realistic. WiMAX solve the "last mile" problem of access.
1999, IEEE established the 802.16 working group to study broadband wireless access technology standards,who's aim is to establish a unified global broadband wireless access standard. Two IEEE802.16 standards are mainly refered currently: 802.16d fixed broadband wireless access standards and characteristics of 802.16e mobile broadband wireless access standard. In October 2007, WiMAX standards formally the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approved 3G standards for the fourth, its access to global harmonization of spectrum cleared the obstacles. Since then, the WiMAX operators on a more positive attitude, and is no longer limited to fixed operators, mobile operators are also interested in the technology to start and add to the test ranks.
1.This article describes two aspects of WiMAX technology, WiMAX Protocol Architecture and key technologies.
In the WiMAX Protocol Architecture, it takes the physical layer and the MAC layer as key points, and introduced three sublayer of the MAC layer(service specific Convergence Sublayer, common segment sublayer, security sublayer) and the topology, QoS machine-made and safety mechanism of the supports of the MAC layer,.It explained fully how WiMAX is called the wireless broadband access technology to face the telecommunication operation, to have truly QoS the guarantee, to have the global standardizetion.
OFDM, OFDMA, MIMO, HARQ, AMC are analysed basing on the understanding of WIMAX protocol architecture.The application of these technologies fully demonstrated the technology at the WiMAX transmission distance and high transmission speed, high capacity, flexible channel width, QoS performance, rich multimedia communication services, reliable security advantages.
2.This article emphatically has carried WiMAX and the Wi-Fi, WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA broadband wireless access technology the comparison. But besides the WiMAX technology, the existing broadband wireless access technology also has Wi-Fi, WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and so on. Through these comparative analyses of the WiMAX technology and other similar relations, the key is WiMAX and the original 3G technology relations. WiMAX, Wi-Fi and 3G these three kind of technologies have many overlap functions, but they have their own market position, more so is a complementary relationship, there is also part of local integration.
3.Combined with the development of WiMAX technology, WiMAX of a new stage of business applications were proposed.
At present, more mature WiMAX equipment based on 802.16d, mainly at this stage to carry out the proposed NGN access, broadband data access, data line access, Wi-Fi backhaul business.
4.Combinating engineering practice, the article thoroughly researches the WiMAX wireless access solution. Mainly aims at the following several aspects:
(1) business forecast
The internet access and IP access service of party and government organs, education and scientific research institutions, industrial and commercial enterprises, social groups and information community are predicted, taking into account other business data appropriate bandwidth is reserved. This paper presents the results of prediction and prediction.
(2) business organization
WiMAX is based on Ethernet technology, WiMAX can not directly address the way TDM-based service access. In practical applications, WiMAX as a major cable network, it is difficult for the cable network to provide coverage of the data access or relay.
(3) Network
IEEE 802.16d based on the 3.5GHz point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access system is adopted. The system is point-to-multipoint topology, mainly by the base stations, terminals and network management systems constitute the majority of three. Terminal through a wireless link to receive the signal the base station, base station stops to the city through the transmission network and IP core network.
(4) frequency planning
Cross-sector coverage brought forwarded in order to avoid frequency planning brought about by the increase in complexity, to avoid polarization phenomenon with the same frequency to avoid interference with a solution.
(5) the base station access
Transmission capacity allocation in accordance with the base station and base station location and data networks, the solutions are proposed in this paper.
(6) Network Management System
According to the characteristics of equipment, the network management system is constructed. It is Recommended of the establishment of a network management hardware platform for network management through the band for base station and subscriber station configuration management, performance management, security management and fault management. In addition, the proposed configuration of mobile terminals for control system maintenance.
(7) the user access
The solution is brought forwarded for Group Customers, individual users, IP telephone booth, mobile communication base stations.
On the basis of fully analyzing the WiMAX technology, this article explained that WiMAX had huge superiority of the aspect of wireless broadband access in the present stage, and proposed the effective WiMAX wireless access solution, it will be provided advantageous support and possibility for the WiMAX technology from the theory to the practical application .
本文详细介绍了WiMAX技术的发展过程、协议体系结构和关键技术;重点对WiMAX技术和其他新型宽带无线接入技术进行了对比分析,进一步阐明了WiMAX的技术在现有网络资源情况下的宽带通信优势;结合工程建设实际,从业务预测、业务组织、网络组织、频率规划、基站接入、网络管理、用户接入等方面对WiMAX无线接入解决方案进行了深入的分析和研究,为WiMAX技术从理论到实际应用提供了有利地支持和可能。
With the continuous development of science and technology, it has been the diverse needs of the expansion, especially for the requirements of communication technology, people want to be able to get a higher transfer rate, better mobile performance and service quality.The current data are still cable access business-oriented, the traditional fixed-line operators, because a large number of wireline access resources and access data services accounted for the lion's share of the market. Other operators has little local network resource and capacity, although the capacity of backbone network transmission and business, so local network becomes the bottleneck of data access business development.Local network required a longer construction period and substantial investment, in terms of opportunities for market point of view or from the perspective of return on investment than the large-scale construction of local networks are not realistic. WiMAX solve the "last mile" problem of access.
1999, IEEE established the 802.16 working group to study broadband wireless access technology standards,who's aim is to establish a unified global broadband wireless access standard. Two IEEE802.16 standards are mainly refered currently: 802.16d fixed broadband wireless access standards and characteristics of 802.16e mobile broadband wireless access standard. In October 2007, WiMAX standards formally the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) approved 3G standards for the fourth, its access to global harmonization of spectrum cleared the obstacles. Since then, the WiMAX operators on a more positive attitude, and is no longer limited to fixed operators, mobile operators are also interested in the technology to start and add to the test ranks.
1.This article describes two aspects of WiMAX technology, WiMAX Protocol Architecture and key technologies.
In the WiMAX Protocol Architecture, it takes the physical layer and the MAC layer as key points, and introduced three sublayer of the MAC layer(service specific Convergence Sublayer, common segment sublayer, security sublayer) and the topology, QoS machine-made and safety mechanism of the supports of the MAC layer,.It explained fully how WiMAX is called the wireless broadband access technology to face the telecommunication operation, to have truly QoS the guarantee, to have the global standardizetion.
OFDM, OFDMA, MIMO, HARQ, AMC are analysed basing on the understanding of WIMAX protocol architecture.The application of these technologies fully demonstrated the technology at the WiMAX transmission distance and high transmission speed, high capacity, flexible channel width, QoS performance, rich multimedia communication services, reliable security advantages.
2.This article emphatically has carried WiMAX and the Wi-Fi, WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA broadband wireless access technology the comparison. But besides the WiMAX technology, the existing broadband wireless access technology also has Wi-Fi, WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and so on. Through these comparative analyses of the WiMAX technology and other similar relations, the key is WiMAX and the original 3G technology relations. WiMAX, Wi-Fi and 3G these three kind of technologies have many overlap functions, but they have their own market position, more so is a complementary relationship, there is also part of local integration.
3.Combined with the development of WiMAX technology, WiMAX of a new stage of business applications were proposed.
At present, more mature WiMAX equipment based on 802.16d, mainly at this stage to carry out the proposed NGN access, broadband data access, data line access, Wi-Fi backhaul business.
4.Combinating engineering practice, the article thoroughly researches the WiMAX wireless access solution. Mainly aims at the following several aspects:
(1) business forecast
The internet access and IP access service of party and government organs, education and scientific research institutions, industrial and commercial enterprises, social groups and information community are predicted, taking into account other business data appropriate bandwidth is reserved. This paper presents the results of prediction and prediction.
(2) business organization
WiMAX is based on Ethernet technology, WiMAX can not directly address the way TDM-based service access. In practical applications, WiMAX as a major cable network, it is difficult for the cable network to provide coverage of the data access or relay.
(3) Network
IEEE 802.16d based on the 3.5GHz point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access system is adopted. The system is point-to-multipoint topology, mainly by the base stations, terminals and network management systems constitute the majority of three. Terminal through a wireless link to receive the signal the base station, base station stops to the city through the transmission network and IP core network.
(4) frequency planning
Cross-sector coverage brought forwarded in order to avoid frequency planning brought about by the increase in complexity, to avoid polarization phenomenon with the same frequency to avoid interference with a solution.
(5) the base station access
Transmission capacity allocation in accordance with the base station and base station location and data networks, the solutions are proposed in this paper.
(6) Network Management System
According to the characteristics of equipment, the network management system is constructed. It is Recommended of the establishment of a network management hardware platform for network management through the band for base station and subscriber station configuration management, performance management, security management and fault management. In addition, the proposed configuration of mobile terminals for control system maintenance.
(7) the user access
The solution is brought forwarded for Group Customers, individual users, IP telephone booth, mobile communication base stations.
On the basis of fully analyzing the WiMAX technology, this article explained that WiMAX had huge superiority of the aspect of wireless broadband access in the present stage, and proposed the effective WiMAX wireless access solution, it will be provided advantageous support and possibility for the WiMAX technology from the theory to the practical application .
引文
[1]郎为民.WiMAX技术原理与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008.
[2]熊宁,陈永志.宽带无线接入技术及其现状[J] .法制与社会,2008,1:295-296.
[3]马鑫.WiMAX技术研究及发展现状[J] .电信快报,2008,4:40-42.
[4]赵新建,梁国勇,晁岳磊.WiMAX/802.16技术浅析与应用展望[J].中国新通信(技术版),2007,7:23- 26.
[5]姜述峰,李春明,赵颖.WiMAX技术与应用[J].信息技术,2008,4:201.
[6]樊澜,姜鹏.WiMAX宽带产业发展状况与应用场景探讨[J].电信网技术,2008,5:16-19.
[7]尹萌.WiMAX技术特点与应用[J].电信技术与工程标准化,2008,5:13-14.
[8]刘丹谱,郝建军,乐光新.WiMAX宽带无线接入技术及其应用[J].中兴通信技术,2008,1:57-60.
[9]孙炳旭,周吉阳.移动WiMAX技术与应用[J].电信网技术,2008,5:7-10.
[10]胡亚希.WiMAX标准跟踪研究[J].电信工程技术与标准化,2008,3:23-24.
[11]郎为民,焦巧,刘建中,宋壮志.WiMAX标准化进展[J].数据通信,2008,3:14-17.
[12]董晓鲁.WiMAX发展情况介绍[J].电信网技术,2008,5:34-37.
[13]郑海英.IEEE 802.16标准关键技术和WiMAX的组网应用[J].电信技术与工程标准化,2008,5:7-8.
[14] IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems[S].
[15] Part16:Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems Amendment1: Management Information Base [S] .2005.
[16]苗忠良,宛斌,张孝林,吴介一.WiMAX的协议体系结构研究[J].计算机技术与发展,2007,6:43-45.
[17]徐世龙,杨济安.802.16/ WiMAX关键技术及Mesh组网机制研究[N].西安邮电学院学报,2008-1(13).
[18] IEEE 802.16-2005 IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems[s].February 2006.
[19] Govindan Nair,Joey Chou.IEEE 802.16 Medium Access Control and Service Provisioning[J].Intel Technology Journal,2004,8(3):213-228.
[20]焦红爱,张钢,张家福.基IEEE 802.16的QOS研究[J].微处理机,2008,6:57-58.
[21]祁晓楼,唐宏.WiMAX中基于QOS的分组调度研究[J].广西通信技术,2008,4:22-23.
[22]吴斌,岳岚.WiMAX网络中QOS机制和PCC架构研究[J].广西通信技术,2008,7:16-20.
[23] IEEE 802.16f.IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems—Amendment 1: Management Information Base[S].December 2005.
[24] ]张勇,李晋.WiMAX网络管理发展现状[J].移动通信,2008,4:12-13.
[25] IETF RFC3413. Simple Network Management Protocol (SN2MP) Applications[S]. 2002.
[26]罗慧,吴国新.WiMAX关键技术研究[J].广西通信技术,2006,3:20-21.
[27]佟学俭,罗涛.OFDM移动通信技术原理与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.
[28]沈洁,朱琳.WiMAX技术展望[J].科技信息,2008(21):400.
[29]刘吉良,宋剑,郑迎宾,杨勇.WiMAX物理层关键技术及其演进[J].科技资讯,2008,10:179.
[30]刘巧燕等.WiMAX物理层关键技术及其演进[J].中兴通讯技术,2007,4:13-16.
[31]何芳明.WiMAX系统物理层关键技术研究[D].厦门:厦门大学电信工程学院,2007.
[32] Host S,Johannes son R,Zyablov V, et al. A first encounter with binary Woven convolutional codes [C]//Proceedings of International Symposium Communication Theory and Applications,Jul 1997,Lake District,UK.1997:13-18.
[33]陈文周.Wi-Fi技术研究及应用[J].数据通信,2008,2:14-17.
[34]潘晓峰.3G、WiMAX、LTE等宽带无线技术的比较[ EB/OL ] .(2009-01-05 ) . http://www.cnw.com.cn/cnw07/NetInfrastructure/Wireless/htm2009/20090105_65218.shtml .
[35] 3GPP TSG-RAN-1,Effective SIR Computation for OFDM System-Level Simulations. Rl-031370,Meeting#35,Lisbon,Portugal,November2003.
[36] High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) Overall Description、3GPP TS25.308,SeP.2004.
[37] 3GPP TS25.309,“FDD Enhanced Uplink overall Description”V6l0,Dec.2004.
[38]姚海昌.WiMAX关键技术与组网策略研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学电信工程学院,2008.
[39] WiMAX Forum.WiMAX and IMT-2000, whitepaper[R].2007.
[40] WiMAX Forum.Mobile WiMAX: A Comparative Analysis, white paper[R].2006.
[41] WiMAX Forum.WiMAX and IMT-2000, whitepaper[R].2007.
[42]王雪,李平.悄然崛起的WiMAX技术[J].邮电设计技术,2008,1:28-29.
[43] Knightson K.,Morita N.,Towle T.NGN architecture: generic principles, functional architecture,and implementation.IEEE Communications Magazine, 2005: 49-56.
[44] ETSI Next Generation Networks Starter Group (NGN SG).Conclusions from the NGN-SG.ETSI 38th General Assembly Meeting,Nice,2001.
[45] ITU-T SG13. TD-199Plen Draft NGN 2004 Project description document,2002.
[46]赵慧玲.以软交换为核心的下一代网络技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.
[47]姚美菱,刘正波,李明.WiMAX应用的探讨[J].科技资讯,2008(19):4.
[48]魏笑笑,周政华.WiMAX技术及其应用分析[J].电信技术与工程标准化,2008,5:35-38.
[49] IETF-draft-ietf-l2vpn-vpls-bgp-02,Virtual Private LAN Service [S].
[50] IETF-draft-ietf-pwe3-control-protocol-15,Pseudowire Setup and Maintenance Using LDP [S].
[51]张云勇.WiMAX发展现状及业务建议[J].移动通信,2008,1:24-26.
[52]程乔.基于WiMAX和Wi-Fi以及3G网络融合技术的研究[J].大众科技,2009(1):65-67.
[53]苏鹏,彭建华.WiMAX技术应用前景分析[J].通信技术,2007,10:20-23.
[54]曹国俊.WiMAX技术与业务应用探讨[D].北京:北京邮电大学计算机科学与技术学院,2007.
[2]熊宁,陈永志.宽带无线接入技术及其现状[J] .法制与社会,2008,1:295-296.
[3]马鑫.WiMAX技术研究及发展现状[J] .电信快报,2008,4:40-42.
[4]赵新建,梁国勇,晁岳磊.WiMAX/802.16技术浅析与应用展望[J].中国新通信(技术版),2007,7:23- 26.
[5]姜述峰,李春明,赵颖.WiMAX技术与应用[J].信息技术,2008,4:201.
[6]樊澜,姜鹏.WiMAX宽带产业发展状况与应用场景探讨[J].电信网技术,2008,5:16-19.
[7]尹萌.WiMAX技术特点与应用[J].电信技术与工程标准化,2008,5:13-14.
[8]刘丹谱,郝建军,乐光新.WiMAX宽带无线接入技术及其应用[J].中兴通信技术,2008,1:57-60.
[9]孙炳旭,周吉阳.移动WiMAX技术与应用[J].电信网技术,2008,5:7-10.
[10]胡亚希.WiMAX标准跟踪研究[J].电信工程技术与标准化,2008,3:23-24.
[11]郎为民,焦巧,刘建中,宋壮志.WiMAX标准化进展[J].数据通信,2008,3:14-17.
[12]董晓鲁.WiMAX发展情况介绍[J].电信网技术,2008,5:34-37.
[13]郑海英.IEEE 802.16标准关键技术和WiMAX的组网应用[J].电信技术与工程标准化,2008,5:7-8.
[14] IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems[S].
[15] Part16:Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems Amendment1: Management Information Base [S] .2005.
[16]苗忠良,宛斌,张孝林,吴介一.WiMAX的协议体系结构研究[J].计算机技术与发展,2007,6:43-45.
[17]徐世龙,杨济安.802.16/ WiMAX关键技术及Mesh组网机制研究[N].西安邮电学院学报,2008-1(13).
[18] IEEE 802.16-2005 IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems[s].February 2006.
[19] Govindan Nair,Joey Chou.IEEE 802.16 Medium Access Control and Service Provisioning[J].Intel Technology Journal,2004,8(3):213-228.
[20]焦红爱,张钢,张家福.基IEEE 802.16的QOS研究[J].微处理机,2008,6:57-58.
[21]祁晓楼,唐宏.WiMAX中基于QOS的分组调度研究[J].广西通信技术,2008,4:22-23.
[22]吴斌,岳岚.WiMAX网络中QOS机制和PCC架构研究[J].广西通信技术,2008,7:16-20.
[23] IEEE 802.16f.IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems—Amendment 1: Management Information Base[S].December 2005.
[24] ]张勇,李晋.WiMAX网络管理发展现状[J].移动通信,2008,4:12-13.
[25] IETF RFC3413. Simple Network Management Protocol (SN2MP) Applications[S]. 2002.
[26]罗慧,吴国新.WiMAX关键技术研究[J].广西通信技术,2006,3:20-21.
[27]佟学俭,罗涛.OFDM移动通信技术原理与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.
[28]沈洁,朱琳.WiMAX技术展望[J].科技信息,2008(21):400.
[29]刘吉良,宋剑,郑迎宾,杨勇.WiMAX物理层关键技术及其演进[J].科技资讯,2008,10:179.
[30]刘巧燕等.WiMAX物理层关键技术及其演进[J].中兴通讯技术,2007,4:13-16.
[31]何芳明.WiMAX系统物理层关键技术研究[D].厦门:厦门大学电信工程学院,2007.
[32] Host S,Johannes son R,Zyablov V, et al. A first encounter with binary Woven convolutional codes [C]//Proceedings of International Symposium Communication Theory and Applications,Jul 1997,Lake District,UK.1997:13-18.
[33]陈文周.Wi-Fi技术研究及应用[J].数据通信,2008,2:14-17.
[34]潘晓峰.3G、WiMAX、LTE等宽带无线技术的比较[ EB/OL ] .(2009-01-05 ) . http://www.cnw.com.cn/cnw07/NetInfrastructure/Wireless/htm2009/20090105_65218.shtml .
[35] 3GPP TSG-RAN-1,Effective SIR Computation for OFDM System-Level Simulations. Rl-031370,Meeting#35,Lisbon,Portugal,November2003.
[36] High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) Overall Description、3GPP TS25.308,SeP.2004.
[37] 3GPP TS25.309,“FDD Enhanced Uplink overall Description”V6l0,Dec.2004.
[38]姚海昌.WiMAX关键技术与组网策略研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学电信工程学院,2008.
[39] WiMAX Forum.WiMAX and IMT-2000, whitepaper[R].2007.
[40] WiMAX Forum.Mobile WiMAX: A Comparative Analysis, white paper[R].2006.
[41] WiMAX Forum.WiMAX and IMT-2000, whitepaper[R].2007.
[42]王雪,李平.悄然崛起的WiMAX技术[J].邮电设计技术,2008,1:28-29.
[43] Knightson K.,Morita N.,Towle T.NGN architecture: generic principles, functional architecture,and implementation.IEEE Communications Magazine, 2005: 49-56.
[44] ETSI Next Generation Networks Starter Group (NGN SG).Conclusions from the NGN-SG.ETSI 38th General Assembly Meeting,Nice,2001.
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