大学新校区庭院景观塑造的研究
摘要
庭院是一种历史悠久、应用广泛、形式多样的建筑空间形式,因其内向、亲近、安宁、和谐的性格与大学需求的环境特征吻合,一直以来都受到大学校园规划设计者的青睐,常作为校园的组织方式和构成形态。随着我国高等教育理念的变革和大学校园建设的高速发展,新的校园规划理论和建筑群有机结合方式的运用,庭院这种建筑空间形式在新建校园中仍被广泛应用。但对庭院空间的景观环境设计却缺乏足够重视,仅仅停留在单纯意义上的功能划分,没有提高到人的认知层面。庭院环境是受建筑组合的影响,但良好的庭院环境对建筑和建筑空间的烘托和组织又有举足轻重的作用,庭院景观是校园景观的组成“细胞”,是校园文化的载体,是师生最常用的场所。因此,本文试图从我国大学新校区庭院空间的利用现状及其景观塑造存在的问题出发,对新校区庭院景观的塑造进行综合的研究,得出具有一定指导意义的设计思路和方法,加强和完善新校区环境景观,重视师生群体的感觉和情感,促成交流行为。
论文从梳理大学校园庭院空间形式、内容的演变、发展脉络,分析庭院空间的本体特征出发,揭示出庭院空间在大学校园建设中的作用,指明其是一个自然的、交往的、教育的空间,能满足师生归复自然和交往的需要,同时也发挥着潜移默化的教育作用。调查分析找出大学新校区庭院空间不同的外在因素,根据其特点和位置,将其划分为前院型、内院型、侧院型、后院型和“顶院”型五大空间类型,首次提出了侧院型、顶院型两种庭院类型的概念、内涵及景观塑造要点。
引入景观三元论的设计思路,特别强调大学生行为心理需求分析对高品质庭院交往空间景观塑造的重要意义;回顾总结传统与现代庭院景观设计的思想理念与塑造手法,寻求借鉴的精髓,研究前人成果与自身体会,提炼出景观塑造原则,为大学新校区庭院景观设计提供了一定的理论基础。
将场地设计理念融入设计,从场地的历史、大学传统与精神特质、空间功能及使用者意向中,挖掘庭院空间场地特征,确立主题思想,从根本意识上将校园庭院景观塑造提升到了人的认知层面。提出从庭院所属功能区及建筑性质和庭院使用者心理行为需求这两方面对空间功能进行定位的方法,并特别从安全性、舒适性、便捷性三方面提出主体交往功能的环境支持方法。因庭院出入口位置和数量、建筑阴影等实际因素的影响,本文结合功能需求针对不同类型庭院进行空间布局,选取不同景观实体要素——植物、水体、铺地及景观小品及设施,就其比例尺度、材料、色彩、质感的处理方法和空间组织手法,进行整体的景观塑造。
安徽大学“磬苑”校区博学北楼“春潮流彩”侧院和B座中庭景观塑造是一次有益的设计尝试:从场地定位、空间布局到景观要素处理过程中提炼整体景观塑造的方法;经过项目实施后的回访,发现不足,提出了可行而有针对的解决对策,以期完善设计。增加合肥学院“南艳湖”校区核心教学区广场式前院、后院两个实例论证,使得景观塑造方法更具实用性和可操作性。从中总结经验,提出了融入新校园环境背景、引发建筑环境的认知、塑造环境形象与特色、激发不同层次的交往、继承与发展校园文化、督促与完善后期建设的六点建议,为校园设计和建设者提供有利的实践参考思路与方法。
The garden is one kind of history glorious,the application widespread,the various formats construction space form,because among them to,is intimate with,peaceful,the harmonious disposition and the university demand environment characteristic tallies,all has received the university campus to plan designer's favor since continuously,often takes the campus the organization way and the constitution shape.Along with our country higher education idea transformation and the university campus construction high speed development,the new campus plan theory and the architectural complex organic synthesis way utilization,the garden this kind of building space form widely is still applied in the newly built campus.But lacks actually to the garden space landscape environment design enough takes,pauses merely in the pure significance function division,has not enhanced to human's cognition stratification plane.The garden environment is constructed the combination the influence,but the good garden environment also has the pivotal function to the construction and construction space contrasting with the organization,the garden landscape is the campus landscape composition "the cell",is the campus culture carrier,is the teacher and student most commonly used place.Therefore,this article attempts from Our country University New School area garden space use present situation and the landscape mold existence question embarks,carries on the synthesis to the new school area garden landscape mold the research,obtains has certain guiding sense design mentality and the method,strengthens and consummates the new school area environment landscape, takes the teacher and student community the feeling and the emotion,facilitates the exchange behavior.
The paper from combs the university campus garden space form,the content evolution,the development vein,analyzes the garden space the main body characteristic to embark,promulgates the garden space in the university campus construction function, indicates it is natural,the contact,the education space,can satisfy the teachers and students to return to the nature and the contact need,simultaneously is also playing the education role which influences subtly.The diagnosis discovers the university new school area garden space different external factor,according to its characteristic and the position, divides it into the Dooryard Mold,the Adytum Mold,the Side-yard Mold,the Backyard Mold and the Tip-yard Mold five big spatial types,proposed for the first time the Side-yard Mold,the Tip-yard Mold two kind of garden types the concept,the connotation and the landscape mold main point.
The introduction landscape three Yuan discuss the design mentality,emphasizes the university student behavior psychology demand analysis specially to the high quality garden contact space landscape mold vital significance;The review summary tradition and the modern garden landscape design thought idea and the mold technique,seek the model the essence,studies the predecessor achievement with own experience,refines the landscape mold principle,has provided certain rationale for the university new school area garden landscape design.
Integrates the design the location design idea,from in the location history,the university tradition and the energetic special characteristic,the spatial function and the user intention,excavates the garden space location characteristic,the establishment main thought,realized general from the basis the campus garden landscape mold to promote to human's cognition stratification plane.Proposed carries on the localization from the garden respective function area and the building nature and garden user psychology behavior demand these two aspects to the spatial function the method,and specially from the security,comfortableness,the convenient three aspects proposes the main body contact function environment support method.Because of the garden access position and quantity, the building shadow and so on the actual factor influence,this article unifies the function demand to carry on the spatial layout in view of the different type garden,the selection different landscape entity essential factor——plant,the water body,spreads out on the floor and the landscape sketch and the facility,its ratio scale,the material,the color,the sense of reality processing method and the spatial organization technique,carries on the whole the landscape mold.
It is apparently a helpful attempt to the ChunChaoLiuCai Side-Yard in BoXue Northern Building XinYuan School Area of Anhui University and the garden landscape molding in Building B:To abstract the integrative landscape molding methods from the process of the location orientation,the space arrangement and the management of landscape elements;with the review after the fulfillment of the item,to point out the disadvantages and make some available measures to refine the design.Increases two example proof——the square dooryard and backyard of the central teaching area in NanYanHu School Area of Hefei College,causes the landscape mold method to have the usability and the feasibility.Summarizes the experience,proposed integrates the new campus environment background,the initiation construction environment cognition,the mold environment image and the characteristic,the stimulation different level contact, inherits and develops six suggestions which the campus culture,the supervision and the consummation later period construct,provides the advantageous practice reference mentality and the method for the campus design and the constructor.
论文从梳理大学校园庭院空间形式、内容的演变、发展脉络,分析庭院空间的本体特征出发,揭示出庭院空间在大学校园建设中的作用,指明其是一个自然的、交往的、教育的空间,能满足师生归复自然和交往的需要,同时也发挥着潜移默化的教育作用。调查分析找出大学新校区庭院空间不同的外在因素,根据其特点和位置,将其划分为前院型、内院型、侧院型、后院型和“顶院”型五大空间类型,首次提出了侧院型、顶院型两种庭院类型的概念、内涵及景观塑造要点。
引入景观三元论的设计思路,特别强调大学生行为心理需求分析对高品质庭院交往空间景观塑造的重要意义;回顾总结传统与现代庭院景观设计的思想理念与塑造手法,寻求借鉴的精髓,研究前人成果与自身体会,提炼出景观塑造原则,为大学新校区庭院景观设计提供了一定的理论基础。
将场地设计理念融入设计,从场地的历史、大学传统与精神特质、空间功能及使用者意向中,挖掘庭院空间场地特征,确立主题思想,从根本意识上将校园庭院景观塑造提升到了人的认知层面。提出从庭院所属功能区及建筑性质和庭院使用者心理行为需求这两方面对空间功能进行定位的方法,并特别从安全性、舒适性、便捷性三方面提出主体交往功能的环境支持方法。因庭院出入口位置和数量、建筑阴影等实际因素的影响,本文结合功能需求针对不同类型庭院进行空间布局,选取不同景观实体要素——植物、水体、铺地及景观小品及设施,就其比例尺度、材料、色彩、质感的处理方法和空间组织手法,进行整体的景观塑造。
安徽大学“磬苑”校区博学北楼“春潮流彩”侧院和B座中庭景观塑造是一次有益的设计尝试:从场地定位、空间布局到景观要素处理过程中提炼整体景观塑造的方法;经过项目实施后的回访,发现不足,提出了可行而有针对的解决对策,以期完善设计。增加合肥学院“南艳湖”校区核心教学区广场式前院、后院两个实例论证,使得景观塑造方法更具实用性和可操作性。从中总结经验,提出了融入新校园环境背景、引发建筑环境的认知、塑造环境形象与特色、激发不同层次的交往、继承与发展校园文化、督促与完善后期建设的六点建议,为校园设计和建设者提供有利的实践参考思路与方法。
The garden is one kind of history glorious,the application widespread,the various formats construction space form,because among them to,is intimate with,peaceful,the harmonious disposition and the university demand environment characteristic tallies,all has received the university campus to plan designer's favor since continuously,often takes the campus the organization way and the constitution shape.Along with our country higher education idea transformation and the university campus construction high speed development,the new campus plan theory and the architectural complex organic synthesis way utilization,the garden this kind of building space form widely is still applied in the newly built campus.But lacks actually to the garden space landscape environment design enough takes,pauses merely in the pure significance function division,has not enhanced to human's cognition stratification plane.The garden environment is constructed the combination the influence,but the good garden environment also has the pivotal function to the construction and construction space contrasting with the organization,the garden landscape is the campus landscape composition "the cell",is the campus culture carrier,is the teacher and student most commonly used place.Therefore,this article attempts from Our country University New School area garden space use present situation and the landscape mold existence question embarks,carries on the synthesis to the new school area garden landscape mold the research,obtains has certain guiding sense design mentality and the method,strengthens and consummates the new school area environment landscape, takes the teacher and student community the feeling and the emotion,facilitates the exchange behavior.
The paper from combs the university campus garden space form,the content evolution,the development vein,analyzes the garden space the main body characteristic to embark,promulgates the garden space in the university campus construction function, indicates it is natural,the contact,the education space,can satisfy the teachers and students to return to the nature and the contact need,simultaneously is also playing the education role which influences subtly.The diagnosis discovers the university new school area garden space different external factor,according to its characteristic and the position, divides it into the Dooryard Mold,the Adytum Mold,the Side-yard Mold,the Backyard Mold and the Tip-yard Mold five big spatial types,proposed for the first time the Side-yard Mold,the Tip-yard Mold two kind of garden types the concept,the connotation and the landscape mold main point.
The introduction landscape three Yuan discuss the design mentality,emphasizes the university student behavior psychology demand analysis specially to the high quality garden contact space landscape mold vital significance;The review summary tradition and the modern garden landscape design thought idea and the mold technique,seek the model the essence,studies the predecessor achievement with own experience,refines the landscape mold principle,has provided certain rationale for the university new school area garden landscape design.
Integrates the design the location design idea,from in the location history,the university tradition and the energetic special characteristic,the spatial function and the user intention,excavates the garden space location characteristic,the establishment main thought,realized general from the basis the campus garden landscape mold to promote to human's cognition stratification plane.Proposed carries on the localization from the garden respective function area and the building nature and garden user psychology behavior demand these two aspects to the spatial function the method,and specially from the security,comfortableness,the convenient three aspects proposes the main body contact function environment support method.Because of the garden access position and quantity, the building shadow and so on the actual factor influence,this article unifies the function demand to carry on the spatial layout in view of the different type garden,the selection different landscape entity essential factor——plant,the water body,spreads out on the floor and the landscape sketch and the facility,its ratio scale,the material,the color,the sense of reality processing method and the spatial organization technique,carries on the whole the landscape mold.
It is apparently a helpful attempt to the ChunChaoLiuCai Side-Yard in BoXue Northern Building XinYuan School Area of Anhui University and the garden landscape molding in Building B:To abstract the integrative landscape molding methods from the process of the location orientation,the space arrangement and the management of landscape elements;with the review after the fulfillment of the item,to point out the disadvantages and make some available measures to refine the design.Increases two example proof——the square dooryard and backyard of the central teaching area in NanYanHu School Area of Hefei College,causes the landscape mold method to have the usability and the feasibility.Summarizes the experience,proposed integrates the new campus environment background,the initiation construction environment cognition,the mold environment image and the characteristic,the stimulation different level contact, inherits and develops six suggestions which the campus culture,the supervision and the consummation later period construct,provides the advantageous practice reference mentality and the method for the campus design and the constructor.
引文
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