厂站数据接入PI系统的研究
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摘要
电力系统信息化建设的第一步要求是将反映系统运行的各种参数转化为数字量,以便利用计算机技术进行处理,为此在电力系统厂站端设置了大量的智能设备(IED)。这些IED设备已经可以采集到丰富的运行数据,同时能够利用自身的远动通讯功能将数据传输到远方,但是由于“信息孤岛”现象的存在,多数数据都不能得到充分利用。问题的根源在于:IED装置的通讯接口不一致,同时也没有一个统一的数据存储场所。PI数据库系统的引入为厂站内IED装置的数据建立了一个统一的存储场所。本文所讨论的是如何将厂站端IED装置的数据导入PI数据库中。本文基于CIM模型来构建信息集成系统,先将IED数据转换到标准的模型下,再通过OPC接口将IED数据导入PI系统中。在设计上采用了“主站+子站”的框架,子站负责采集IED数据并进行CIM模型转换;主站管理各个子站,同时将数据导入PI系统。在此基础之上,本文利用嵌入式系统实现数据采集子站,其软硬件均可根据应用需求而进行剪裁。
In order to facilitate data-processing with computer, the first step in power system information integration is to convert substation operation parameters into digital signal, so kinds of intelligent electronic devices (IED) are introduced into the substation. Now these IED can provide various data for power system operation, and possess the ability to transmission their data to the remote control center. Howe ever, a large number of IED data can not be used efficiently, that is the so-called "Island of Information" problem. There are mainly two factors resulting in the information waste: the absence of database which can store all the substation data makes data-sharing difficult;on the other hand, the variety of protocols which IED conform to complex the data-acquisition system. The use of Plant Information (PI) system in Power system eliminates the first factor, that is, the PI system acts as a unified data integration platform holding all substation data. This paper is to bridging IED and the PI system. The seamless communication of power system is based on the IEC 61850 Standard in the future, so our substation data-acquisition system is designed to abide IEC 61850 and based on common information model (CIM). The whole system consists of several slave stations installed in substations and a master station located in control center. The slave station performs data-acquisition & model-translation function. The master station manages all slave stations and passes IED data into PI system. The substation data-acquisition system not only has traditional data acquisition and communication functions, but also satisfies data-integrity and real-time requirements in power system information integration.
In order to facilitate data-processing with computer, the first step in power system information integration is to convert substation operation parameters into digital signal, so kinds of intelligent electronic devices (IED) are introduced into the substation. Now these IED can provide various data for power system operation, and possess the ability to transmission their data to the remote control center. Howe ever, a large number of IED data can not be used efficiently, that is the so-called "Island of Information" problem. There are mainly two factors resulting in the information waste: the absence of database which can store all the substation data makes data-sharing difficult;on the other hand, the variety of protocols which IED conform to complex the data-acquisition system. The use of Plant Information (PI) system in Power system eliminates the first factor, that is, the PI system acts as a unified data integration platform holding all substation data. This paper is to bridging IED and the PI system. The seamless communication of power system is based on the IEC 61850 Standard in the future, so our substation data-acquisition system is designed to abide IEC 61850 and based on common information model (CIM). The whole system consists of several slave stations installed in substations and a master station located in control center. The slave station performs data-acquisition & model-translation function. The master station manages all slave stations and passes IED data into PI system. The substation data-acquisition system not only has traditional data acquisition and communication functions, but also satisfies data-integrity and real-time requirements in power system information integration.
引文
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[2].张惠刚.变电站综合自动化原理与系统[M].中国电力出版社,2004
[3].谭文恕.变电站通信网络和系统协议IEC61850介绍.电网技术,2002 26(11)
[4].蔡永良.IEC 61850的研究及其在故障信息处理系统中的应用.浙江大学硕士论文,2003
[5].何立民.嵌入式系统的定义与发展历史.单片机与嵌入式系统应用[J],2002.3:8～11
[6].周怡,王坚敏,罗斐,等.PI实时数据库在供电企业中的应用构架.浙江电力[J],2005.1:40～41
[7].全新建,林中达.基于OPC规范的客户服务器数据访问机制与实现.工业控制计算机[J],2002.15(5):8～10
[8].刘会平,王倩唐蕾.开放式OPC通讯服务器研究与设计.计算机工程与设计[J],2003.24(4)
[9].张扬.嵌入式变电站智能信息采集与处理服务器的研究.浙江大学硕士论文,2003
[10].周立功,等.ARM微控制器基础与实战[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[11].马忠梅,等.ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[12].李晶皎,王爱侠,张广渊.ColdFire系列32位微处理器与嵌入式Linux应用.北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[13].王德兵.MPC860 PowerQUICC及其在嵌入式系统中的应用.国外电子元器件[J],2001.7
[14].范鹏,丁朋林.基于MPC8260嵌入式通信开发平台设计[J].电子测量及技术[J],2003.5:31～92
[15].黄芝平,左震刘,正春.基于MPC8260微处理器最小系统设计.电子质量[J],2004.10:61～62
[16].盛博科技.PC104嵌入式PC模块技术手册(1.1版本).
[17].李方敏,等译.VxWorks高级程序设计[M].清华大学出版社,2004
[18].王金刚,等译.VxWorks程序员指南[M].清华大学出版社,2003
[19].张峥嵘,张智超,许振山.嵌入式Linux应用开发详解.机械工业出版社,2004
[20].孔祥营,柏桂枝著.嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks及其开发环境Tornado.中国电力出版社,2002
[21].王金刚,苏琪,杨锡劢.VxWorks BSP开发人员指南.清华大学出版社,2004
[22].周启平,张杨著.VxWorks下设备驱动程序及BSP开发指南[M].中国电力出版社.2004
[23].周雪,赞张宏.基于VxWorks操作系统的BSP开发[J].工业控制计算机,2004,17(2):33～34
[24].解月江,张梅.VxWorks下设备驱动技术研究.航天控制[J],2004.12(22):54～56
[25]. OSIsoft. Brief Review of PI System Architecture for T&D [Z]. 2004,2
[26]. OPC Foundation. OPC Overview (Version 1.0). October 27,1998
[27]. Ralph Mackiewicz. The Impact of Standardized Models, Programming Interfaces, and Protocols on Substations [Z]. SISCO Inc:5~9
[28]. Motorola. MCF5272 ColdFire Integrated Microprocessor User's Manual REV2. Mar,2002
[29]. AMD Corporation.AM29LV800 data sheet. Nov,1997
[30]. Hynix Corporation.HY57V641620 data sheet REV1 . Jan,2002
[31]. Texas Instruments.TL16C554 data sheet.Aug,2001
[32]. MAXIM.MAX483 data sheet.Oct,2003
[33]. MAXIM.MAX202 data sheet.Nov,2001
[34]. DALLAS semiconductor. DS1305 data sheet.Feb,2001
[35]. Motorola. MPC8260 PowerQUICC II~(TM)User's Manual
[36]. Russell Klein.Miami: A Hardware Software Co-Simulation Environment[C].In:Proc Seventh IEEE International Workshop on Rapid System Prototyping, 1996:173-177
[37].HAUDE J,JANZ A.A Pilot Project for Testing the Standard Drafts for Open Communication in Substations.GERMANY,2001
[38]. Shephard B, Janssen M C, Schubert M.Standardised Communications in Substations. In: Seventh International Conference on (IEE) Developments in Power System Protection, 2001