基于网格Portal的远程学习系统设计
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摘要
网格是继传统因特网、Web之后互联网发展的新方向,是一种新的科学计算模式,被誉为下一代互联网技术。这种计算模式将地理上分布的、异构的多种计算资源通过高速网络连接起来,共同完成复杂计算问题。网格将整个因特网整合成一台“虚拟的超级计算机”,提供对计算资源、存储资源、数据资源、信息资源、知识资源、专家资源等的全面共享。
随着网络和分布式计算技术的发展,网格应用领域也逐步从传统科学计算扩展到商业、制造、军工、教育等领域,开放网格服务体系结构使得网格服务与Web服务日趋融合,促使网格技术走向了标准化。目前,网格应用面对的问题是如何便捷地使用开发的应用网格服务,这就需要屏蔽网格的复杂性,为应用网格服务使用者提供一种简便的使用方式。网格Portal作为网格系统的重要组成部分,是连接网格用户和网格应用系统的桥梁。网格Portal技术为用户提供基于浏览器的、统一的、访问网格资源和进行各种操作的界面,隐藏了网格底层的复杂结构,降低复杂网格系统的使用难度,推动了各种网格应用的快速发展。
现代远程教育,是较早应用互联网技术的领域之一。随着计算机网络的发展,网络学习资源的日益丰富,人们越来越多地依赖网络进行各种方式的学习,还开发出许多完整、实用的远程学习/教学系统。这些学习系统在管理上是分治的,在地理上是分布的,在运行平台上是异构的,因此彼此间不能有效地共享学习资源。应用网格技术来开发远程学习系统就越来越得到了学习系统开发者的重视。基于网格Portal的远程学习系统研究和设计将促使远程学习系统的实用化,满足基于网络开展自主学习、合作学习和团队学习对学习资源共享的需求,也将推动网络远程教育快速长足发展。
远程学习系统是为远程学习者服务的学习支持系统,是学习者进行各种学习活动的系统平台,对远程学习系统的研究与设计应遵循相关教育或学习理论的指导。本文从学习理论、远程教育理论、知识管理理论、其它相关理论四个方面,详尽分析和研究了影响远程学习系统设计的教育理论基础。从网格关键技术和Portal关键技术两个层面,对远程学习系统的网格Portal关键技术、网格服务的开发与部署等分别做了深入系统的分析和研究。进一步对网格资源管理模型、基于Globus Toolkit的资源管理、网格内学习资源的管理和共享及其技术等做了系统全面的研究。在对远程学习系统在学习管理和资源共享、学习系统的个性化等的需求分析和研究的基础上,分析了远程学习系统所应实现的网格服务,对基于网格Portal的远程学习系统做了系统设计,并给出了系统模型。完成远程学习系统Portal的开发与实现,完成了部分Web或网格服务的开发和部署。
本文的主要创新点有:1.基于网格Portal的远程学习系统设计是在遵循丰富的学习理论、远程教育理论、知识管理理论、教学设计理论等现代相关教育理论的指导下,对现代远程学习系统进行了全面系统的研究与设计;2、运用了先进的网格及网格相关技术来设计远程学习系统,主要用来有效地解决“信息孤岛”问题,实现分布异构学习资源的全面共享;3、不同学习团体或社区可以开发、部署、注册各自的网格学习服务,远程学习者能动态发现和使用这些服务,从而实现了学习资源在同一学习系统内的有效整合。4、结合Portal技术,一方面实现了统一的用户认证,使学习者可以便捷地使用网格内所有的学习网格服务,另一方面还实现了学习者对学习系统个性化的需求,如学习者可以定制学习内容、可以选择适合学习者学习风格的学习界面、可以定制各种学习服务等。
Praised as the next generation Internet technology, the grid is a new trend of Internet after conventional Internet and Web, a new scientific computing pattern which connects all kinds of distributed and heterogeneous computational resources with the high-speed network to accomplish complicated computational problems. The grid integrates the whole internet into a virtual supercomputer, providing access of computational resources, storage resources, data resources, information resources, knowledge resources, specialist resources and the like for all.
With the development of network and distributed computing technology, grid application expands from traditional scientific computing to other fields such as commerce, manufacture, war industry and education. OGSA enables the increasing integration of grid service and Web service, and the grid technology is tending to standardization. Today, a problem of grid application is how to use the developed application grid services easily, which needs to shield the grid’s complexity and provides a convenient way for the users of grid services. As an important component of grid system, grid portal is a bridge connecting the grid user and the grid application. It provides a uniform interface based on Web browser to access and operate grid resources and services for the user, shields the complexity of the low-level grid, reduces the difficulty of using grid and accelerates the development of various grid applications.
Modern distance education is one of fields that apply Internet technology earlier. With the development of computer network and the increasing richness of learning resources, people not only learn in various ways relying stronger on network day by day, but also develop a number of integral and practical distance learning/teaching system. However, these learning systems can’t share learning resources with each other efficiently, because they are divided in management, distributed geographically and heterogeneous in running platforms. So developers of learning system pay more and more attention to develop distance learning system using grid technology. Research and design of the distance learning system based on grid portal will promote the utility of distance learning system, meet the requirement of sharing learning resources for web-based autonomic learning, cooperative learning and team learning, and promote the development of network distance education rapidly and remarkably.
The distance learning system is a learning support system which services the distance learner, and it’s also a system platform carrying out a variety of learning activities. The research and design to distance learning system should comply with related guidance of education and learning theory. From learning theory, theory of distance education, theory of knowledge management and other related theories, this thesis analyzes and researches the basic education theories affecting design of the distance learning system at large. It also analyzes and researches systematically the key grid portal technology, development and deployment of grid services for the distance learning system from key grid technology and key portal technology in depth. Then, further comprehensive research on grid resource management model, resource management based on Globus Toolkit and the management and sharing of learning resources in grid have been done. Based on demand analysis and research of distance learning system such as learning management, resource sharing and the personalization of learning system, it analyses the grid services which should be achieved, designs the distance learning system on the basis of grid portal and proposes its system model. Finally, this paper completes the development and implementation of the distance learning system portal, and accomplishes the development and deployment of a part of web or grid services.
The main innovations in this article are: 1. Following the guidance of related modern educational theories such as the rich learning theory, distance education theory, knowledge management theory, instructional design theory, the distance learning system based on grid portal researches and designs the modern distance learning system comprehensively and systematically; 2. Advanced grid and grid-related technology are adopted to design the distance learning system, which is mainly used to solve the problem of " information isolated island" effectively and achieve a comprehensive sharing of distributed and heterogeneous learning resources; 3. Different learning groups or communities can develop, deploy and register respective grid learning services, and distance learners can dynamically discover and use these services, so it can bring about an effective integration of learning resources in the same learning system; 4. Combined with portal technology, on the one hand, the realization of a unified user authentication prompts learners to use all the learning grid services in grid easily. On the other hand, it meets the individual need of learners to learning system, such as customizing learning content, selecting appropriate learning interface, and customizing a variety of learning services.
随着网络和分布式计算技术的发展,网格应用领域也逐步从传统科学计算扩展到商业、制造、军工、教育等领域,开放网格服务体系结构使得网格服务与Web服务日趋融合,促使网格技术走向了标准化。目前,网格应用面对的问题是如何便捷地使用开发的应用网格服务,这就需要屏蔽网格的复杂性,为应用网格服务使用者提供一种简便的使用方式。网格Portal作为网格系统的重要组成部分,是连接网格用户和网格应用系统的桥梁。网格Portal技术为用户提供基于浏览器的、统一的、访问网格资源和进行各种操作的界面,隐藏了网格底层的复杂结构,降低复杂网格系统的使用难度,推动了各种网格应用的快速发展。
现代远程教育,是较早应用互联网技术的领域之一。随着计算机网络的发展,网络学习资源的日益丰富,人们越来越多地依赖网络进行各种方式的学习,还开发出许多完整、实用的远程学习/教学系统。这些学习系统在管理上是分治的,在地理上是分布的,在运行平台上是异构的,因此彼此间不能有效地共享学习资源。应用网格技术来开发远程学习系统就越来越得到了学习系统开发者的重视。基于网格Portal的远程学习系统研究和设计将促使远程学习系统的实用化,满足基于网络开展自主学习、合作学习和团队学习对学习资源共享的需求,也将推动网络远程教育快速长足发展。
远程学习系统是为远程学习者服务的学习支持系统,是学习者进行各种学习活动的系统平台,对远程学习系统的研究与设计应遵循相关教育或学习理论的指导。本文从学习理论、远程教育理论、知识管理理论、其它相关理论四个方面,详尽分析和研究了影响远程学习系统设计的教育理论基础。从网格关键技术和Portal关键技术两个层面,对远程学习系统的网格Portal关键技术、网格服务的开发与部署等分别做了深入系统的分析和研究。进一步对网格资源管理模型、基于Globus Toolkit的资源管理、网格内学习资源的管理和共享及其技术等做了系统全面的研究。在对远程学习系统在学习管理和资源共享、学习系统的个性化等的需求分析和研究的基础上,分析了远程学习系统所应实现的网格服务,对基于网格Portal的远程学习系统做了系统设计,并给出了系统模型。完成远程学习系统Portal的开发与实现,完成了部分Web或网格服务的开发和部署。
本文的主要创新点有:1.基于网格Portal的远程学习系统设计是在遵循丰富的学习理论、远程教育理论、知识管理理论、教学设计理论等现代相关教育理论的指导下,对现代远程学习系统进行了全面系统的研究与设计;2、运用了先进的网格及网格相关技术来设计远程学习系统,主要用来有效地解决“信息孤岛”问题,实现分布异构学习资源的全面共享;3、不同学习团体或社区可以开发、部署、注册各自的网格学习服务,远程学习者能动态发现和使用这些服务,从而实现了学习资源在同一学习系统内的有效整合。4、结合Portal技术,一方面实现了统一的用户认证,使学习者可以便捷地使用网格内所有的学习网格服务,另一方面还实现了学习者对学习系统个性化的需求,如学习者可以定制学习内容、可以选择适合学习者学习风格的学习界面、可以定制各种学习服务等。
Praised as the next generation Internet technology, the grid is a new trend of Internet after conventional Internet and Web, a new scientific computing pattern which connects all kinds of distributed and heterogeneous computational resources with the high-speed network to accomplish complicated computational problems. The grid integrates the whole internet into a virtual supercomputer, providing access of computational resources, storage resources, data resources, information resources, knowledge resources, specialist resources and the like for all.
With the development of network and distributed computing technology, grid application expands from traditional scientific computing to other fields such as commerce, manufacture, war industry and education. OGSA enables the increasing integration of grid service and Web service, and the grid technology is tending to standardization. Today, a problem of grid application is how to use the developed application grid services easily, which needs to shield the grid’s complexity and provides a convenient way for the users of grid services. As an important component of grid system, grid portal is a bridge connecting the grid user and the grid application. It provides a uniform interface based on Web browser to access and operate grid resources and services for the user, shields the complexity of the low-level grid, reduces the difficulty of using grid and accelerates the development of various grid applications.
Modern distance education is one of fields that apply Internet technology earlier. With the development of computer network and the increasing richness of learning resources, people not only learn in various ways relying stronger on network day by day, but also develop a number of integral and practical distance learning/teaching system. However, these learning systems can’t share learning resources with each other efficiently, because they are divided in management, distributed geographically and heterogeneous in running platforms. So developers of learning system pay more and more attention to develop distance learning system using grid technology. Research and design of the distance learning system based on grid portal will promote the utility of distance learning system, meet the requirement of sharing learning resources for web-based autonomic learning, cooperative learning and team learning, and promote the development of network distance education rapidly and remarkably.
The distance learning system is a learning support system which services the distance learner, and it’s also a system platform carrying out a variety of learning activities. The research and design to distance learning system should comply with related guidance of education and learning theory. From learning theory, theory of distance education, theory of knowledge management and other related theories, this thesis analyzes and researches the basic education theories affecting design of the distance learning system at large. It also analyzes and researches systematically the key grid portal technology, development and deployment of grid services for the distance learning system from key grid technology and key portal technology in depth. Then, further comprehensive research on grid resource management model, resource management based on Globus Toolkit and the management and sharing of learning resources in grid have been done. Based on demand analysis and research of distance learning system such as learning management, resource sharing and the personalization of learning system, it analyses the grid services which should be achieved, designs the distance learning system on the basis of grid portal and proposes its system model. Finally, this paper completes the development and implementation of the distance learning system portal, and accomplishes the development and deployment of a part of web or grid services.
The main innovations in this article are: 1. Following the guidance of related modern educational theories such as the rich learning theory, distance education theory, knowledge management theory, instructional design theory, the distance learning system based on grid portal researches and designs the modern distance learning system comprehensively and systematically; 2. Advanced grid and grid-related technology are adopted to design the distance learning system, which is mainly used to solve the problem of " information isolated island" effectively and achieve a comprehensive sharing of distributed and heterogeneous learning resources; 3. Different learning groups or communities can develop, deploy and register respective grid learning services, and distance learners can dynamically discover and use these services, so it can bring about an effective integration of learning resources in the same learning system; 4. Combined with portal technology, on the one hand, the realization of a unified user authentication prompts learners to use all the learning grid services in grid easily. On the other hand, it meets the individual need of learners to learning system, such as customizing learning content, selecting appropriate learning interface, and customizing a variety of learning services.
引文
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