集肤效应电伴热系统的理论与应用研究
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摘要
本文研究了集肤效应的发生机理，探讨了集肤效应电伴热的实现原理，分析了集肤效应电伴热系统的改进设计方法，设计了电伴热系统的软、硬件系统。在对集肤效应进行原理性分析的基础上，提出通过改变交流电的波形来重新设计集肤效应电伴热系统，也就是使用方波交流电取代传统的正旋波交流电(工频交流电)；并对基于集肤效应管道温度控制系统进行建模、仿真和实验研究。
第一章是文献综述，介绍了电伴热的历史和应用背景、应用领域，分析比较了电伴热和传统的蒸汽伴热的经济性，阐述课题的研究意义，最后提出了本文的研究任务。
第二章是对集肤效应原理的分析。以集肤效应电流伴热电路为模型，从电磁学的角度分析了集肤效应的发生机理，为应用方波交流电对集肤效应电伴热系统进行重新设计铺平了道路。另外对集肤效应电流伴热中电路的测量及电路中电位分布做了研究。
第三章是控制系统的数学建模与分析。建立伴热系统的数学模型，提出了相应的控制策略及算法，并进行了仿真。
第四章详细介绍了集肤效应伴热系统的软硬件实现，包括控制系统的元件选择、控制电路的设计以及相应软件的编制。伴热系统控制电源采用PLC为控制核心，IGBT为功率元件，并采取了一系列相应的措施来提高电伴热系统的可靠性以稳定性，实现了其控制系统的灵活性。最后是集肤效应电伴热系统的应用，涉及到负载相关的一些设计，如伴热系统容量及管道的保温等。
第五章是试验研究。
第六章对本文进行了总结。并在本课题研究工作的基础上对系统的进一步完善提出了一些意见和想法，最后对集肤效应电伴热系统的发展趋势进行了分析和预测，以指导下一步的工作。
In this thesis, the theory of Skin Effect is introduced, and the Skin Effect in Power Tracing is analyzed, so as the new designment of Skin Effect Power Tracing System is put out, and the hardware, software system designment of the Tracing System is introduced in detail. On the basis of Skin Effect theory analyzing, the thesis put out that the Skin Effect Tracing System could be improved by changing the wave shape of the current. That is to substitute the sine wave current with square wave current. Also the thesis make model for the pipeline temperature control system, simulae the system, and make experimentation for validation.
The first chapter is about the summarization. It includes the history, applied background, and application of the Power Tracing System. The economic factor of the Power Tracing System and the traditional Steam Tracing System is compared, and the tasks of thesis are proposed at the end of the chapter.
In chapter Two, theory of Skin Effect is analyzed. On basis of the circuit model of Skin Effect Current Heating, the Skin Effect is analyzed at the point of electromagnetic, so as to push the way of using square wave current in Skin Effect Tracing System. The measurement of circuit and distribution of electronic are discussed.
Chapter Three introduces the modeling and simulation of the control system. After making up the model of the control system, several control strategy and arithmetic are introduced, and results of the system simulation is obtained.
Chapter Four introduces the realization and applying of the Skin Effect Power Tracing System, which include the selection of the power component, designment of the control circuit and programming of the control system. Tt uses PLC as the control kernel, and IGBT as the power component. A serial of techniques are applied to improve the stability and robust of the system, and control flexibility of the system is realized. The application of Skin Effect Power Tracing System includes some designment about the load, such as the capacity of the system and the heat preservation of the pipeline.
Chapter Five is the result of the experiment.
Chapter Six is about the conclusion of the thesis. On basis of the current research, some suggestions for the system's improvement are given, and the future of the Skin Effect Power Tracing System is analyzed, so as to direct the work in the future.
第一章是文献综述，介绍了电伴热的历史和应用背景、应用领域，分析比较了电伴热和传统的蒸汽伴热的经济性，阐述课题的研究意义，最后提出了本文的研究任务。
第二章是对集肤效应原理的分析。以集肤效应电流伴热电路为模型，从电磁学的角度分析了集肤效应的发生机理，为应用方波交流电对集肤效应电伴热系统进行重新设计铺平了道路。另外对集肤效应电流伴热中电路的测量及电路中电位分布做了研究。
第三章是控制系统的数学建模与分析。建立伴热系统的数学模型，提出了相应的控制策略及算法，并进行了仿真。
第四章详细介绍了集肤效应伴热系统的软硬件实现，包括控制系统的元件选择、控制电路的设计以及相应软件的编制。伴热系统控制电源采用PLC为控制核心，IGBT为功率元件，并采取了一系列相应的措施来提高电伴热系统的可靠性以稳定性，实现了其控制系统的灵活性。最后是集肤效应电伴热系统的应用，涉及到负载相关的一些设计，如伴热系统容量及管道的保温等。
第五章是试验研究。
第六章对本文进行了总结。并在本课题研究工作的基础上对系统的进一步完善提出了一些意见和想法，最后对集肤效应电伴热系统的发展趋势进行了分析和预测，以指导下一步的工作。
In this thesis, the theory of Skin Effect is introduced, and the Skin Effect in Power Tracing is analyzed, so as the new designment of Skin Effect Power Tracing System is put out, and the hardware, software system designment of the Tracing System is introduced in detail. On the basis of Skin Effect theory analyzing, the thesis put out that the Skin Effect Tracing System could be improved by changing the wave shape of the current. That is to substitute the sine wave current with square wave current. Also the thesis make model for the pipeline temperature control system, simulae the system, and make experimentation for validation.
The first chapter is about the summarization. It includes the history, applied background, and application of the Power Tracing System. The economic factor of the Power Tracing System and the traditional Steam Tracing System is compared, and the tasks of thesis are proposed at the end of the chapter.
In chapter Two, theory of Skin Effect is analyzed. On basis of the circuit model of Skin Effect Current Heating, the Skin Effect is analyzed at the point of electromagnetic, so as to push the way of using square wave current in Skin Effect Tracing System. The measurement of circuit and distribution of electronic are discussed.
Chapter Three introduces the modeling and simulation of the control system. After making up the model of the control system, several control strategy and arithmetic are introduced, and results of the system simulation is obtained.
Chapter Four introduces the realization and applying of the Skin Effect Power Tracing System, which include the selection of the power component, designment of the control circuit and programming of the control system. Tt uses PLC as the control kernel, and IGBT as the power component. A serial of techniques are applied to improve the stability and robust of the system, and control flexibility of the system is realized. The application of Skin Effect Power Tracing System includes some designment about the load, such as the capacity of the system and the heat preservation of the pipeline.
Chapter Five is the result of the experiment.
Chapter Six is about the conclusion of the thesis. On basis of the current research, some suggestions for the system's improvement are given, and the future of the Skin Effect Power Tracing System is analyzed, so as to direct the work in the future.
引文
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[2] 常伯涛 自调控电伴热系统的原理和应用安装 2000，(1)
[3] Modern Heat Tracing, FMRC Update, Vol. 10, No. 3,2001
[4] 时卫玲 电伴热技术在输油管道上的应用 石油化工自动化 2000，(4)
[5] 杨曼丽 浅谈如何经济的选用蒸汽伴热和电伴热 内蒙古石油化工 1998，(1)
[6] 赵晓武 电伴热在长距离管道输送中的应用 炼油与催化 1997，(3)
[7] 师宗林 夏文武 双电压供电的电伴热系统在三聚氨装置中的应用化工设备与防腐蚀 2000，(5)
[8] 赵宁生 电伴热采油系统在塔北油田中的应用 石油钻探技术 1999，(8)
[9] 李迎春 电伴热在液化石油气行业中的应用 石油化工安全技术 2000，(2)
[10] Kuo-Ta Hsieh, Francis Stefani, and Scott J. Levinson "Numerical Modeling of the Velocity Skin Effects: An Investigation of Issues Affecting Accuracy", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, VOL. 37, NO. 1, JANUARY 2001
[11] Frank Schnieder and Wolfgang Heinrich, Senior Memember, IEEE; "Model of Thin_Film Microstrip Line for Circuit Design", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. 49, No. 1, JANUARY 2001;
[12] R. Faraji-Dana and Y. Chow, "Edge Condition of the Field and A. C. Resistance of Rectangular Strip Conductor", IEE Proc., Pt. H, vol. 137, p. 133, 1990
[13] R. Faraji-Dana and Y.L. Chow, "The Current Distribution and AC Resistance of a Microstrip Structure", IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 38, p. 1268, 1990
[14] H. Johnson "Modeling skin effect in coaxial configuration" March 07, 2001
[15] Dr. Edward P. Sayre, P. E, Mr. Michael A. Baxter, B. S. E. E, Mr. Thomas Savarino, M.S.E.E "Development of a New Transmission Line Skin Effect Model for SPICE Evaluations - Simulations and Measurements" 1997 Digital Communications Design Conference
[16] S. Kim and D.P. Neikirk, "Compact Equivalent Circuit Model for the Skin Effect," 1996 IEEE-MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, San Francisco, June17～21, 1996
[17] E. Grotelüschen, K.-P. Oyck, H. Grabinski, "Time Domain Simulation of Skin- and Proximity-Effect in Multiconductor Transmission Lines", Arehiv für Elektrotechnik, Vol. 75, 1992, pp: 255～260
[18] Dr. Edward P. Sayre, P. E, Mr. Michael A. Baxter, B. S. E. E, Mr. Thomas Savarino, Evaluations - Simulations and Measurements" Digital Communications Design Conference, 1997
[19] Bidyut K. Sen, Richard L. Wheeler, "Skin effect models for Transmission Line Structures using Generic SPICE Circuit Simulators"
[20] Silvester, P. (1966) "Modal network theory of skin effect in flat conductors." Proceedings of the IEEE, 54, pp:1147～1151
[21] YAW-JUEN WANG Analysis of the Skin Effect for Calculating Frequency-Dependent Impedance of the TRTS Power Rail Proc. Natl. Sci. Counc. ROC(A) Vol. 23, No. 3, 1999, pp:419～428
[22] Robert I. Davidson, R.A.,Joseph M. Englot, P.E., Antranig M. Ouzoonian, P.E. "Flying on the ground", Modern Steel Construction, November 1996
[23] YAW-JUEN WANG "Analysis of the Skin Effect for Calculating Frequency-Dependent Impedance of the TRTS Power Rail", Proc. Natl. Sci. Counc. ROC(A) Vol. 23, No. 3, 1999, pp:419～428
[24] 严济慈 电磁学 高等教育出版社 1988
[25] 马信山 张济世 电磁场基础 清华出版社 1995年5月
[26] 方正瑚 李培芳 工程电磁学 浙江大学出版社
[27] 师玉宝 大林算法在纯滞后控制系统中的应用研究 工业仪表与自动化控制 2000，(1)
[28] 徐文尚 孟祥忠 算法可选温度控制系统电工技术杂志 2000，(7)
[29] 姜会霞 肖雁鸿等 控制系统一种新型模糊Smith控制器的没计 石油化工自动化 2002，(2)
[30] 靳其兵 谢祖荣等 无辨识自适应算法的大滞后对象的控制方法 石油化工高等学校学报，2002，(2)
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