基于方向图的指纹自适应预处理算法的研究
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摘要
本论文主要研究了指纹图像预处理中所应用到的算法,所涉内容包括以下几部分：质量评估,图像分割,图像增强,二值化以及细化算法等。本文的研究内容围绕着“方向图”与“自适应”两点展开,讨论了方向图信息在上述五个过程中所扮演的重要的角色。
方向图信息运用到质量评估中,在一定程度上使评估算法变得简单易操作。基于方向图的分割算法不仅对灰度对比度高的图像有效果,对灰度对比度低的图像同样有效果。本文提到的基于方向滤波的自适应图像增强算法可以自适应选取分块大小与滤波器的大小,从而在一定程度上解决了方向滤波中存在的缺陷。本文提出的基于方向图的改进细化算法不但保持了原算法优良的效果,在算法效率上也有所提升。
实验表明,本文所构建的预处理研究系统中用到的算法,不仅在处理效果上可以满足后续操作的需求,在运算时间上也有一定的提升。
This paper is mainly studied the algorithms in the fingerprint adaptive pretreatment. Fingerprint image assess, Fingerprint image segmentation, Fingerprint image enhancement, Fingerprint image binarization, Fingerprint image thinning. There are two very important topics studied in this paper, they are "Direction Images" and "Adaptive", and they play an important part in these five fields.
Take the direction images information into the fingerprint quality assessment, make the assess algorithms become more and more simple to some extent. Segmentation algorithm based on direction images is not only good at low-contrast grayscale fingerprint image, but also good at low-contrast grayscale fingerprint. Adaptive enhancement algorithm based on direction images in this paper, can adaptively select the block size and filter size,thus solve many problems to some extent. An improved fingerprint thinning algorithm based on direction images come up in this paper, experiments show that this algorithm is not only effective but also fast.
Experiments show that the algorithm used in the pretreatment system constructed in this paper, not only improve the processing speed, but also achieved very good results.
方向图信息运用到质量评估中,在一定程度上使评估算法变得简单易操作。基于方向图的分割算法不仅对灰度对比度高的图像有效果,对灰度对比度低的图像同样有效果。本文提到的基于方向滤波的自适应图像增强算法可以自适应选取分块大小与滤波器的大小,从而在一定程度上解决了方向滤波中存在的缺陷。本文提出的基于方向图的改进细化算法不但保持了原算法优良的效果,在算法效率上也有所提升。
实验表明,本文所构建的预处理研究系统中用到的算法,不仅在处理效果上可以满足后续操作的需求,在运算时间上也有一定的提升。
This paper is mainly studied the algorithms in the fingerprint adaptive pretreatment. Fingerprint image assess, Fingerprint image segmentation, Fingerprint image enhancement, Fingerprint image binarization, Fingerprint image thinning. There are two very important topics studied in this paper, they are "Direction Images" and "Adaptive", and they play an important part in these five fields.
Take the direction images information into the fingerprint quality assessment, make the assess algorithms become more and more simple to some extent. Segmentation algorithm based on direction images is not only good at low-contrast grayscale fingerprint image, but also good at low-contrast grayscale fingerprint. Adaptive enhancement algorithm based on direction images in this paper, can adaptively select the block size and filter size,thus solve many problems to some extent. An improved fingerprint thinning algorithm based on direction images come up in this paper, experiments show that this algorithm is not only effective but also fast.
Experiments show that the algorithm used in the pretreatment system constructed in this paper, not only improve the processing speed, but also achieved very good results.
引文
[1]阮高峰,徐晓东.OpenID分布式身份认证系统及其教育应用展望[J].中国电化教育,2008(10)：55-59.
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[3]客观澳.计算机图像处理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2000.
[4]张敏晋.图像处理和分析[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2000.
[5]张雄,贺贵明.基于宏观曲率的指纹特征提取与分类[J].计算机研究与发展,2005(3)：444-458.
[6]谢梅,佟异.基于脊线采样的指纹识别算法[J]. 电子学报,2004(10)：1503-1505
[7]王崇文等.指纹识别系统的设计与实现[J].计算机应用,2005(12)：61-63.
[8]陈松灿,伍艳莲.模糊识别方法研究与实现[J].电子学报,2004(11)：50-54.
[9]刀锋.安全保障一切——笔记本电脑指纹识别技术[J].大众数码2007(02)：89-93.
[10]苏晓生,林喜荣.生物特征识别技术及其标准化进程[J].清华大学学报,2006(2)：194-198.
[11]田清,刘林.国内外生物识别技术发展及其展望[J].清华大学学报,2006(5)：77-79.
[12]Lin Hong,Wan Yifei,Jain A.Fingerprint Image Enhancement:Alogorithm and Performance Evaluation[J].IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.1998(20):777-784.
[13]Wang Botao. Singularity detection and structure recognition of texture images[D].-Beijing:Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2001.
[14]Jain A K, Prabhakar S,Pankanti S.On the similarity ofidentical twin fingerprints[J].Pattern Recognition,2002(32):2653-2663.
[15]Jain A K, Bolle R, Pankanti S.BIOMETRICS:Presonal Identification in Neworked Society. Kluwer, New York,1999.
[16]Tan X, Bhanu B. On the fundamental performance for fingerprint matching[J].Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition,2003(2):499-504.
[17]Jain A K, Hong L. On-line fingerprint verification[J].IEEE Transacions on Pattern Anslysis and Machine Intelligence,2003(4):302-314.
[18]任群,张晓鹏,田捷.指纹图像质量自动评测方法[C].第六届国际青年计算机工作者会议暨第二届生物特征识别研讨会会议,2001.
[19]侯格贤,毕笃彦,吴成柯.图像分割质量评测方法研究[J].中国图像学学报,5A(1)：39-43.
[20]赵衍运,蔡安妮.指纹图像质量分析[J],计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,Vol(18),No5.
[21]Haralick R M, Shapiro L G.SURVEY[J].Image segmentation techniques. Computer Vision,Graphics, and Image Processing,2005(1):100-107.
[22]Nalini K, Ratha, R.Bolle. Fingerprint Image Quality Estimation[C].Taipei:ACCV.2000:819-823.
[23]Masahiro Kawagoe,Akio Tojo.Fingerprint Pattern Classification[J]. Pattern Recognition,1984(3):295-303.
[24]Haralick R M, Shapiro L G.Image segmentation techniques[J].Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing,2005(1):100-132.
[25]Pal N R,Pal S K. A review on image segmentation techniques[J]. Pattern Recognition,2003(8):1277-1283.
[26]赵金辉,硕良勋,曲文斌.指纹图像质量评价方法研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2006(13)：2406-2408.
[27]祝翠琴.针对固态指纹传感器的图像质量评估方法[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(16)：102-104.
[28]黄贤武,苏鹏程,柏培权.基于方向滤波分割的指纹自动识别系统算法[J].中国图像图形学报,2002(8)：829-834.
[29]王森,张伟伟,王阳生.指纹图像分割中新特征的提出及其应用[J].自动化学报,2007(4)：622-627.
[30]唐良瑞,谢晓辉,蔡安妮.基于D-S证据理论的指纹图像分割方法[J].计算机学报.2005(7)：887-892.
[31]杨海军,梁得群,田原.基于多尺度屋顶边缘检测的指纹图像分割方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2001(6)：51-55.
[32]Chen Y, Dass S, Jain A. Fingerprint Quality Indices for Predicting Authenication Performance[C].Proc. of Autio-and Video-based Biometric Person Authentication,2005:160-170.
[33]Ren Q, Tian J, Zhang X P. Automatic Segmentation of Fingerprint Images[C].The Third Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies,2002:137-141.
[34]林喜荣,于政涛,苏晓生.一种利用动态滤波模板进行指纹图像增强的算法[J].清华大学学报,2001(8)：37-40.
[35]Lin Jun, Yan Weiyun, Wang Han. Constrained nonlinear models of fingerprint orientationns with prediction[J].Pattern Recognition,2006:102-114.
[36]罗希平,田捷.自动指纹识别中的图像增强和细节匹配算法[J].软件学报,2002(5)：946-956.
[37]孙家广,杨长贵.计算机图形学[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1995.
[38]王家隆,郭成安.一种改进的图像模板细化算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2004(3)：297-301.
[39]冯星奎,李林艳,颜祖泉.一种新的指纹图像细化算法[J].中国图像图形学报.1999(10)：835-838.
[40]A Ross,A K Jain, J Z Qian.Information fusion in biomentrics[C].The third international conference on audio and video based biometric person authentication,2002(4):354-360.
[41]Yang Fan, Li Nan. Improved Fingerprint Thinning Algorithm Based On Directional Image[C].ICCSE2009(1),2009:37-39.
[42]朱虹.数字图像处理基础[M].北京：科学出版社,2005.
[1]孙冬梅,裘正定.生物特征识别技术综述[J].电子学报,2001(12)：1744-1748.
[2]张敏贵.等生物特征识别及研究现状[J].生物物理学报,2002(18)：156-162.
[3]客观澳.计算机图像处理[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2000.
[4]张敏晋.图像处理和分析[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2000.
[5]张雄,贺贵明.基于宏观曲率的指纹特征提取与分类[J].计算机研究与发展,2005(3)：444-458.
[6]谢梅,佟异.基于脊线采样的指纹识别算法[J]. 电子学报,2004(10)：1503-1505
[7]王崇文等.指纹识别系统的设计与实现[J].计算机应用,2005(12)：61-63.
[8]陈松灿,伍艳莲.模糊识别方法研究与实现[J].电子学报,2004(11)：50-54.
[9]刀锋.安全保障一切——笔记本电脑指纹识别技术[J].大众数码2007(02)：89-93.
[10]苏晓生,林喜荣.生物特征识别技术及其标准化进程[J].清华大学学报,2006(2)：194-198.
[11]田清,刘林.国内外生物识别技术发展及其展望[J].清华大学学报,2006(5)：77-79.
[12]Lin Hong,Wan Yifei,Jain A.Fingerprint Image Enhancement:Alogorithm and Performance Evaluation[J].IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.1998(20):777-784.
[13]Wang Botao. Singularity detection and structure recognition of texture images[D].-Beijing:Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2001.
[14]Jain A K, Prabhakar S,Pankanti S.On the similarity ofidentical twin fingerprints[J].Pattern Recognition,2002(32):2653-2663.
[15]Jain A K, Bolle R, Pankanti S.BIOMETRICS:Presonal Identification in Neworked Society. Kluwer, New York,1999.
[16]Tan X, Bhanu B. On the fundamental performance for fingerprint matching[J].Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition,2003(2):499-504.
[17]Jain A K, Hong L. On-line fingerprint verification[J].IEEE Transacions on Pattern Anslysis and Machine Intelligence,2003(4):302-314.
[18]任群,张晓鹏,田捷.指纹图像质量自动评测方法[C].第六届国际青年计算机工作者会议暨第二届生物特征识别研讨会会议,2001.
[19]侯格贤,毕笃彦,吴成柯.图像分割质量评测方法研究[J].中国图像学学报,5A(1)：39-43.
[20]赵衍运,蔡安妮.指纹图像质量分析[J],计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,Vol(18),No5.
[21]Haralick R M, Shapiro L G.SURVEY[J].Image segmentation techniques. Computer Vision,Graphics, and Image Processing,2005(1):100-107.
[22]Nalini K, Ratha, R.Bolle. Fingerprint Image Quality Estimation[C].Taipei:ACCV.2000:819-823.
[23]Masahiro Kawagoe,Akio Tojo.Fingerprint Pattern Classification[J]. Pattern Recognition,1984(3):295-303.
[24]Haralick R M, Shapiro L G.Image segmentation techniques[J].Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing,2005(1):100-132.
[25]Pal N R,Pal S K. A review on image segmentation techniques[J]. Pattern Recognition,2003(8):1277-1283.
[26]赵金辉,硕良勋,曲文斌.指纹图像质量评价方法研究[J].计算机工程与设计,2006(13)：2406-2408.
[27]祝翠琴.针对固态指纹传感器的图像质量评估方法[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(16)：102-104.
[28]黄贤武,苏鹏程,柏培权.基于方向滤波分割的指纹自动识别系统算法[J].中国图像图形学报,2002(8)：829-834.
[29]王森,张伟伟,王阳生.指纹图像分割中新特征的提出及其应用[J].自动化学报,2007(4)：622-627.
[30]唐良瑞,谢晓辉,蔡安妮.基于D-S证据理论的指纹图像分割方法[J].计算机学报.2005(7)：887-892.
[31]杨海军,梁得群,田原.基于多尺度屋顶边缘检测的指纹图像分割方法[J].中国图像图形学报,2001(6)：51-55.
[32]Chen Y, Dass S, Jain A. Fingerprint Quality Indices for Predicting Authenication Performance[C].Proc. of Autio-and Video-based Biometric Person Authentication,2005:160-170.
[33]Ren Q, Tian J, Zhang X P. Automatic Segmentation of Fingerprint Images[C].The Third Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies,2002:137-141.
[34]林喜荣,于政涛,苏晓生.一种利用动态滤波模板进行指纹图像增强的算法[J].清华大学学报,2001(8)：37-40.
[35]Lin Jun, Yan Weiyun, Wang Han. Constrained nonlinear models of fingerprint orientationns with prediction[J].Pattern Recognition,2006:102-114.
[36]罗希平,田捷.自动指纹识别中的图像增强和细节匹配算法[J].软件学报,2002(5)：946-956.
[37]孙家广,杨长贵.计算机图形学[M].北京：清华大学出版社,1995.
[38]王家隆,郭成安.一种改进的图像模板细化算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2004(3)：297-301.
[39]冯星奎,李林艳,颜祖泉.一种新的指纹图像细化算法[J].中国图像图形学报.1999(10)：835-838.
[40]A Ross,A K Jain, J Z Qian.Information fusion in biomentrics[C].The third international conference on audio and video based biometric person authentication,2002(4):354-360.
[41]Yang Fan, Li Nan. Improved Fingerprint Thinning Algorithm Based On Directional Image[C].ICCSE2009(1),2009:37-39.
[42]朱虹.数字图像处理基础[M].北京：科学出版社,2005.