茄呢醇提取工艺研究和益妙保尔金米胶囊抗肿瘤活性评价
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摘要
【目的】1.建立茄呢醇的含量测定方法,对从烟叶中提取茄呢醇的工艺进行研究;2.评价益妙保尔金米胶囊的抗肿瘤活性及急性毒性。
     【方法】1.应用高效液相色谱法,采用DIKma C_(18)色谱柱(150 mm×4.6mm,5μm),甲醇-异丙醇(52:48)作为流动相,流速:0.8 mL/min~(-1),检测波长为210 nm,进样量20μL,用标准曲线法测定茄呢醇的含量。2.以游离茄尼醇为指标,采用正交试验及比较试验,考虑提取溶剂、方法、时间等因素,对提取工序进行考察;以游离茄尼醇为指标,采用正交试验,考虑皂化物、溶剂、时间、浓度、温度、皂化溶液体积等因素,对皂化工序进行考察。3.采用改良MTT法,测定益妙保尔金米胶囊对小鼠结肠癌细胞株(CT-26)和胃癌细胞株(MFC)体外生长的抑制率,计算半数抑制浓度IC_(50);将40只CT-26结肠癌皮下接种模型小鼠和40只MFC胃癌皮下接种模型小鼠分别随机分成4组:阴性对照组(等体积生理盐水)、阳性对照组(香菇菌多糖片,0.5 mg/20g/日或康力欣胶囊,0.075g/20g/日)、低剂量组(益妙保尔金米胶囊粉末,0.0834g/20g/日)、高剂量组(益妙保尔金米胶囊粉末,0.2501 g/20g/日)。均采用接种5天后灌胃给药法,持续给药8天,停药24小时后,处死动物。剥离肿瘤,称重并计算抑瘤率;取出脾脏及胸腺,称重并计算脾指数及胸腺指数。
     【结果】1.方法学考察结果表明,茄呢醇的线性范围为0.56-2.80μg,相关系数r=0.9995,平均加样回收率100.2%(n=9),精密度RSD=1.19%;烟叶提取物中游离茄呢醇的含量在8%-12%之间。2.从烟叶中提取茄呢醇的提取、皂化工序工艺参数不同,茄呢醇收率相差极大,本实验所得较好的提取工艺为:10倍量的95%乙醇,50℃回流提取120分钟或超声波连续提取30分钟,较好的皂化条件为:在乙醇溶液中,以3倍量2.0 mol/L的NaOH为皂化试剂,60℃皂化4小时。3.益妙保尔金米胶囊无明显的抑制小鼠结肠癌细胞株(CT-26)和胃癌细胞株(MFC)体外生长的活性,对小鼠结肠癌细胞株(CT-26)和胃癌细胞株(MFC)体内生长显示出了明显的抑制作用,与生理盐水组比较,对小鼠结肠癌细胞株(CT-26)高剂量组的抑瘤率为30.26%,低剂量组的抑瘤率为25.74%,对小鼠胃癌细胞株(MFC)高剂量组的抑瘤率为29.35%,低剂量组的抑瘤率为20.53%。
     【结论】1.实验用茄呢醇含量测定方法具有良好的精密度、准确度和灵敏度,以此法测定游离茄呢醇的含量可行。2.益妙保尔金米胶囊粉末对小鼠结肠癌细胞株(CT-26)和胃癌细胞株(MFC)体内生长有一定的抑制作用,且无明显的量效关系。3.采取超声波提取可以大大提高原料的提取效率,从烟叶中提取茄呢醇,提取皂化工序工艺参数选择十分重要,应该进行深入研究。
Objective: 1. The technology of the extraction of solanesol from tobacco leaves was studied and a determination method of solanesol was established. 2. The anti-cancer activity and the acute toxicity of YIMIAOBAOERJINMI capsules was evaluated.
     Methods: 1. The content of solanesol was determined by means of HPLC method. The chromatographic column of DIKma C_(18) (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) was used. The mobile phase was methanol-iso-propanol (52: 48 ) . The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min and the detection wavelength was 210 nm. The injection volume was 20μL. The content was determined by the calibration curve. 2. The extraction procedure was studied with the dissociated solanesol as an indicator and factors such as solvents, method and time were investigated through orthogonal and comparison experiment. The saponification procedure was studied with the dissociated solanesol as an indicator and factors such as saponification substance, solvents, time, concentration, temperature, and the volume of saponification solution were investigated through orthogonal experiment. 3. The inhibition rate of YIMIAOBAOERJINMI capsules towards the in vitro growth of colon cancer cells (CT-26) and gastric cancer cells (MFC) of mice was determined by improved MTT method and median inhibition concentration IC50 was calculated. 40 mice of CT-26 colon cancer subcutaneous inoculation model and 40 mice of MFC gastric cancer subcutaneous inoculation model were randomly divided into four groups: negative control (taking equal volume of normal saline), positive control (taking Lentinan tablets, 0.5 mg/20 g/d; or Kanglixin capsules, 0.075 g/20 g/d), low dose group (taking powder of YIMIAOBAOERJINMI capsules, 0.0834g/20g/d) and high dose group (taking powder of YIMIAOBAOERJINMI capsules, 0.2501g/20g/d). Intragastric administration was made 5 days after the inoculation for continuous 8 days. The animals were executed 24 hours after the suspension of the drug. The tumors were striped and weighed to calculate the inhibition rate of tumor. The milts and thymus were taken out and weighed to calculate the milt index and the thymus index.
     Results: 1. It is indicated through methodical study that the linear range was 0.56~2.80μg for solanesol determination with a correlation coefficient r of 0.9995. The average recovery of assay was 100.2%(n=9). The precision gave a RSD of 1.19%. The content of dissociated solanesol in tobacco leaves extract was around 8%~12%. 2. The recovery of solanesol varies much through different parameters of the extraction from the tobacco leaves and saponification procedures. The optimized extraction technology include: 10 times 95% ethanol, refluxing extraction at 50°C for 120 minutes or continuously ultrasonic extraction for 30 minutes. The optimized saponification technology include: saponification at 60°C for 4 hours in ethanol solution with 3 times 2.0 mol/L NaOH as saponification agent. 3. YIMIAOBAOERJINMI capsules demonstrate no obvious inhibition activity towards the in vitro growth of colon cancer cells (CT-26) and gastric cancer cells (MFC) of mice, while demonstrate obvious inhibition function towards the in vivo growth of colon cancer cells (CT-26) and gastric cancer cells (MFC) of mice. The high dose group shows a tumor inhibition rate of 30.26% towards colon cancer cells (CT-26) of mice, while the low dose group shows a rate of 25.74%. The high dose group shows a tumor inhibition rate of 29.35% towards gastric cancer cells (MFC) of mice, while the low dose group shows a rate of 20.53%, compared with that of the normal saline group.
     Conclusions: 1. The determination method of solanesol is feasible because of its good precision, accuracy and sensitivity. 2. YIMIAOBAOERJINMI capsules demonstrate obvious inhibition function towards the in vivo growth of colon cancer cells (CT-26) and gastric cancer cells (MFC) of mice, while no obvious dosage-effect relations are observed. 3. The ultrasonic extraction greatly improves the extraction rate from the raw materials. The selection of the technological parameters of the solanesol extraction from tobacco leaves and saponification procedures is very important and deserves further study.
引文
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