青岛北宅社区居民对乡村旅游影响感知的实证研究
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摘要
近年来,国内各地乡村旅游发展迅速,对社区经济、社会文化以及环境等产生了多方面的影响,这些影响既有积极的也有消极的。开展乡村旅游影响研究对于促进我国乡村旅游健康发展具有一定的理论价值与现实意义。本文以青岛乡村旅游开展比较好的北宅为研究案例,在对社区居民问卷调查和深度访谈的基础上,具体深入地分析了居民对乡村旅游影响的感知与态度及相关影响因素。结合乡村旅游发展的特殊性,初步探讨了乡村旅游与社区居民和谐发展的机制。
全文分为五个部分:第一部分导论围绕着论文的研究主题,分析了论文的选题缘由、研究意义、研究思路,并对相关概念进行了界定。第二部分在对旅游业发展对乡村社区的影响以及社区居民对乡村旅游的态度有关成果进行梳理的基础上,总结了国内外相关研究的特点及趋势,并就本文研究的基础理论作了必要的评述。第三部分对本文的研究对象、研究内容及分析方法等进行了介绍和说明。第四部分实证研究,首先根据实地调研的数据,综合分析居民对乡村旅游影响的感知和态度;其次,将乡村旅游的影响及居民对乡村旅游的态度浓缩成4个公共因子,并在此基础上分析了不同居民在感知和态度上的差异,以深入探究影响居民感知和态度的因素。第五部分则结合本文主要的研究结论,探讨并尝试提出了实现乡村旅游与社区居民和谐发展的对策,并就论文存在的局限性和有待进一步研究的问题作了说明。
In recent years, rural tourism develop rapidly around the country,and it brings a wide range of effects to local residents, both positive and negative. The effects penetrate into economic, social and cultural environment and other aspects. Studying Impact on rural tourism in promoting the healthy development of China's rural tourism has a theoretical value and practical significance. This paper selects the residents of Beizhai district as research objects. On the basis of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, we study on rural tourism impact of the perception and attitude and analysize the relevant factors. With the particularity of the development of rural tourism, we try to construct harmonious development mechanism between rural tourism and community residents.
The full text of the structure is divided into five chapters: Introduction to the first chapter is part of the research papers on the theme of the main topics of the papers origins, significance, research ideas and research methods and related concepts being defined. In Chapter Two, the author makes a detailed review of both overseas and domestic literatures on the research of residents' perceptions and attitudes, and places an emphasis on the factors which can explain the residents' perceptions and attitudes towards tourism impacts. In addition, the author sums up the characteristics of domestic and international research and trends for a further study. In chapter three, the author introduces this study object, research and analysis methods. Chapter four of the paper is part of empirical research, primarily on the basis of field research data, analysizing the perception and attitude of residents towards rural tourism affect. The author divides these factors into four public factor, and Bases on this analysis of the different residents in the perception and attitude of the differences, in order to find a real impact on the residents of perception and attitude of the factors. In Chapter five, the author achieves rural tourism and community residents of the harmonious development of policy proposals and puts forward the thesis limitation.
全文分为五个部分:第一部分导论围绕着论文的研究主题,分析了论文的选题缘由、研究意义、研究思路,并对相关概念进行了界定。第二部分在对旅游业发展对乡村社区的影响以及社区居民对乡村旅游的态度有关成果进行梳理的基础上,总结了国内外相关研究的特点及趋势,并就本文研究的基础理论作了必要的评述。第三部分对本文的研究对象、研究内容及分析方法等进行了介绍和说明。第四部分实证研究,首先根据实地调研的数据,综合分析居民对乡村旅游影响的感知和态度;其次,将乡村旅游的影响及居民对乡村旅游的态度浓缩成4个公共因子,并在此基础上分析了不同居民在感知和态度上的差异,以深入探究影响居民感知和态度的因素。第五部分则结合本文主要的研究结论,探讨并尝试提出了实现乡村旅游与社区居民和谐发展的对策,并就论文存在的局限性和有待进一步研究的问题作了说明。
In recent years, rural tourism develop rapidly around the country,and it brings a wide range of effects to local residents, both positive and negative. The effects penetrate into economic, social and cultural environment and other aspects. Studying Impact on rural tourism in promoting the healthy development of China's rural tourism has a theoretical value and practical significance. This paper selects the residents of Beizhai district as research objects. On the basis of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, we study on rural tourism impact of the perception and attitude and analysize the relevant factors. With the particularity of the development of rural tourism, we try to construct harmonious development mechanism between rural tourism and community residents.
The full text of the structure is divided into five chapters: Introduction to the first chapter is part of the research papers on the theme of the main topics of the papers origins, significance, research ideas and research methods and related concepts being defined. In Chapter Two, the author makes a detailed review of both overseas and domestic literatures on the research of residents' perceptions and attitudes, and places an emphasis on the factors which can explain the residents' perceptions and attitudes towards tourism impacts. In addition, the author sums up the characteristics of domestic and international research and trends for a further study. In chapter three, the author introduces this study object, research and analysis methods. Chapter four of the paper is part of empirical research, primarily on the basis of field research data, analysizing the perception and attitude of residents towards rural tourism affect. The author divides these factors into four public factor, and Bases on this analysis of the different residents in the perception and attitude of the differences, in order to find a real impact on the residents of perception and attitude of the factors. In Chapter five, the author achieves rural tourism and community residents of the harmonious development of policy proposals and puts forward the thesis limitation.
引文
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[3]荣尊堂.参与式发展:一个建设社会主义新农村的典型方法[M].北京:人民出版社,2006
[4]彭兆荣.旅游人类学[M].民族出版社,2004
[5]折晓叶.社区的实践:“超级村庄”的发展历程[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,2000
[6]Louis A.Dernoi.Farm tourism in Europe[J].Tourism Management,1983,44(3):155-166
[7]Evansh,Felsenstein D.Support for rural tourism[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2000,(4):1007-1024
[8]Nilsson P.Staying On Farms—An Ideological Background[J].Annals of Tourism research,2002,29(1):7-24
[9]Gasson M.rural tourism in rural developing communities[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1999,26(3):534-553
[10]Lutz H J.Soil condition of picnic grounds in public forest parks[J].Journal of Forestry,1945,43:121-127
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[13]Garcia C,J Servera.Impacts of tourism development on water demand and beach degradation on the island of mallorca(Spain)[M].Geografiska Annaler,2003,85A(3-4):287-300
[14]Cullen R,A Dakerzs,J Mcnicol,G Meyer-Hubbert,D Gsimmons,J R Fairweather.Tourism,water and waste in a karoa:implications of tourist demand on infrastructure[J].Tourism Recreation Research and Education Centre(TRREC)Report,2003,38:1-101
[15]Kelly,Carolinel,eds.Impacts of tourism on threatened plant taxa and communities in Australia[J].Ecological Management&Restoration,2003,4(1):37-44
[16]Ahn B,Bongkoo,Shafer C S.Operationalizing sustainability in regional tourism planning:an application of the limits of acceptable changeframework[J].Tourism Management,2002,29(1):1-15
[17]Tosun C.Roots of unsustainable tourism development at the local level:the case of Urgup in Tourkey[J].Tourism Management,2000,21(6):45-61
[18]Francois J.Belisle,Don R.Hoy.The perceived impact of tourism by residents a case study in Santa Marta,Colombia.Annals of Tourism Research,1980,7(1):83-101
[19]Juanita C.Liu and Turgur Var.Resident attitudes toward tourism impacts in Hawaii.Annals of Tourism Research,1986,13(2):193-214
[20]M.Jeannie Harvey,John Hunt and Charles C.Harris.Gender and community tourism dependence level[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1995,22(2):349-366
[21]Hasan Zafer Dogan.Forms of Adjustment:Sociocultural Impacts of Tourism[J].Annals of Toursim Research 1989,16(2):216-232
[22]Paul Brunt,Paul Courtney.Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts.Annals of Tourism Research,1999,26(3):493-515
[23]Pilar Bastias-Perez,Turgut Vat.Perceived impacts of tourism by residents.Annals of Tourism Research,1995,22(1):208-210
[24]Sigfredo A.Hernandez.Residents' attitudes towards an instant resort enclave.Annals of Tourism Research,1996,23(4):755-779
[25]Michael D.Smith,Richard S.Krannich.Tourism dependence and resident attitudes.Annals of Tourism Research,1998,25(4):783-802
[26]Bramwell B,Lane B.Rural Tourism and Sustainable Rural Development.UK:Channel View Publications.1994
[27]Murphy P E.Tourism:a community approach.New York:Routledge,1985
[28]Taylor.The community approach:doesitreallywork.Tourism management,1995,7:487-489.
[29]Ap J,J L Crompton.Developing and Testing a Tourism Impact Scale[J].Journal of Travel Research,1998(2):120-130
[30]Jurowsik,M.Uysal and D.R.Willianms.A Theoretical Analysis of Host Community ResidentReactions to Tourism.Journal of Travel Research,1997,36(2):3-11
[31]Kayat K.Power,Social Exchanges and Tourism in Langkawi:Rethinking Resident Perceptions.International Journal of Tourism Research,2002,4(3):171-191
[32]刘莉.试论“乡村旅游”[J].安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版),2004,27(4):461-464
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