已婚职业女性主观幸福感和婚姻质量的关系研究
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摘要
已婚职业女性主观幸福感程度影响婚姻质量的高低,婚姻质量的高低也对人们的生活满意度和幸福感体验程度有一定的影响。
本论文在对大量的相关文献资料分析的基础上,试图从已婚职业女性婚姻质量、主观幸福感、人格、和社会支持的现状出发,研究主观幸福感和婚姻质量的关系,提出影响幸福感和婚姻质量的相关因素为社会支持和人格,并试图用路径分析验证幸福感是如何通过人格和社会支持这两个相关因素来影响婚姻质量。
本研究选取甘肃省内的已婚职业女性共320名,有效被试300名进行问卷调查,结果表明:
1、已婚职业女性的婚姻质量略低于常模,文化程度、职业类型、家属职业状况和文化程度对她们的婚姻质量有较为显著的影响。
2、已婚职业女性对幸福感的内心体验相对较高,在文化程度,家属职业状况,家庭月收入和有无儿女上差异显著;并且社会支持系统良好。
3、人格维度中的行事风格和人际关系对婚姻质量的影响相对较大,并与社会支持和幸福感指数的联合解释力度为38.6%。
4、主观幸福感对婚姻质量有着积极的影响,社会支持和人格也是影响婚姻质量的重要因素,主观幸福感通过社会支持和人格间接地调节婚姻质量的高低,并且主观幸福感、社会支持和人格共同作用于婚姻质量。
Subjective Well-being is closely related to Marital Quality. SWB influence marital uality deeply and vice versa.
This thesis starts from the analysis of married career women's Marital Quality, SWB, personality and social support. It goes on with the research of the relationship between Marital Quality and SWB, and comes to the conclusion that personality and social support can serve as mid-variables,using path analysis to validate how SWB influences Marital Quality through personality and social support.
In this study, 320 questionnaries were sent to married career women,all of whom are selected from Gansu province, 300 valid answers were received. The following conclusion have been made from this survey.
1、Married career women's Marital Quality, as a whole, is lower than the normal a little bit, and varies with their career type, dependents jobs and education background.
2、Their score in social support is obviously above average,and varies with their education background, dependents jobs, income and children; and their score in SWB is correspondingly above average.
3、Personality styles and interpersonal relationship influence Marital Quality with social support and well-being ,thire joint explanatory power is 38.6%.
4、SWB, personality and social support have positive effect on Marital Quality; SWB indirectly influence upon marital quality through personality and social support.
本论文在对大量的相关文献资料分析的基础上,试图从已婚职业女性婚姻质量、主观幸福感、人格、和社会支持的现状出发,研究主观幸福感和婚姻质量的关系,提出影响幸福感和婚姻质量的相关因素为社会支持和人格,并试图用路径分析验证幸福感是如何通过人格和社会支持这两个相关因素来影响婚姻质量。
本研究选取甘肃省内的已婚职业女性共320名,有效被试300名进行问卷调查,结果表明:
1、已婚职业女性的婚姻质量略低于常模,文化程度、职业类型、家属职业状况和文化程度对她们的婚姻质量有较为显著的影响。
2、已婚职业女性对幸福感的内心体验相对较高,在文化程度,家属职业状况,家庭月收入和有无儿女上差异显著;并且社会支持系统良好。
3、人格维度中的行事风格和人际关系对婚姻质量的影响相对较大,并与社会支持和幸福感指数的联合解释力度为38.6%。
4、主观幸福感对婚姻质量有着积极的影响,社会支持和人格也是影响婚姻质量的重要因素,主观幸福感通过社会支持和人格间接地调节婚姻质量的高低,并且主观幸福感、社会支持和人格共同作用于婚姻质量。
Subjective Well-being is closely related to Marital Quality. SWB influence marital uality deeply and vice versa.
This thesis starts from the analysis of married career women's Marital Quality, SWB, personality and social support. It goes on with the research of the relationship between Marital Quality and SWB, and comes to the conclusion that personality and social support can serve as mid-variables,using path analysis to validate how SWB influences Marital Quality through personality and social support.
In this study, 320 questionnaries were sent to married career women,all of whom are selected from Gansu province, 300 valid answers were received. The following conclusion have been made from this survey.
1、Married career women's Marital Quality, as a whole, is lower than the normal a little bit, and varies with their career type, dependents jobs and education background.
2、Their score in social support is obviously above average,and varies with their education background, dependents jobs, income and children; and their score in SWB is correspondingly above average.
3、Personality styles and interpersonal relationship influence Marital Quality with social support and well-being ,thire joint explanatory power is 38.6%.
4、SWB, personality and social support have positive effect on Marital Quality; SWB indirectly influence upon marital quality through personality and social support.
引文
①转引自Claire A. Etaugh & Judith S.Bridges著,苏严捷等译. (2003).女性心理学.北京:北京大学出版社, 206.
②第二期中国妇女社会地位调查课题组. (2001).第二期中国妇女社会地位抽样调查主要数据报告.妇女研究论丛, 5, 9.
③ClaireA.Etaugh & Judith S.Bridges著,苏严捷等译. (2003).女性心理学.北京:北京大学出版社,206.
④第二期中国妇女社会地位调查课题组. (2001).第二期中国妇女社会地位抽样调查主要数据报告.妇女研究论从, 5, 9.
⑤转引自徐安琪,叶文振. (2002).婚姻质量婚姻稳定的主要预测指标.上海社会科学院学术季刊, 4, 103
②张海钟. (2009).人性人格人生.北京:社会科学文献出版社.
③彭聃玲.(2001).普通心理学.北京:北京师范大学出版社,426.
④张智勇,王登峰. (1997).论人格特质“大七”因素模型.心理科学, 20(1).
⑤张智勇等. (1997).论人格特质“大七”因素模型.心理科学, 20(1).
①A l m a g o r M . , T e l l e g e n A . & W a l l e r N G. (1995). The big seven modal: a cross-cultural replication and further exploration of the basic dimensions of natural language trait descriptors. Journal of Personality and Social psychology. 69 (2), 300-307.
②Benet V. & Waller NG. (1995). The big seven factor model of personality description:evidence for its cross cultural generality in a Spanish sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 69(4), 701-718.
①Thoits Pa. (1983). Dimensions of life events that influence psychological stress: an evaluation and synthesis of the literature. Academic Press.4, 33-172.
②Kessler Rc., Drice Rh.& Wootman Cb.(1985). Social factors in psychological Stress. Social support and copi- ng process. 36,531-572.
③肖水源,杨德森. (1987).社会支持对身心健康的影响.中国心理卫生杂志. 1, 184-187.
①吴明霞. (2000). 30年来西方关于主观幸福感的理论发展.心理学动态, 4, 23-28.
①L u c a s R E . ( 2 0 0 7 ) . A d a p t a t i o n a n d t h e Set-Point Model of subjective well-being: Does happiness change after major life events. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(2), 75-79.
②曹佃省. (2008).国外主观幸福感研究的理论概化及进展启示.社会心理科学, 23, 262-263.
③Davis. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personalgoals: Implications for research on religion and subjective well- being. Social indicators research, 45, 391-422.
①Charle S, & White T L. (1994). Behavioral inhibiton, behavioral activation and affective response to impeding r- eward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 67(2), 319-333.
②严标宾,郑雪,邱林. (2002).文化常模和目标调节模型:两种幸福感文化观.社会心理研究, 2, 61-64.
③王洪明. (2003).整合的调节——缓冲模型:一种新的主观幸福感理论.中国心理卫生杂志, 17(12), 817-818.
④Ryan R M, Deci E L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social develo- pment, and well-being. American psychologist, 5, 8-78.
①丁新华,王极盛. (2004).青少年主观幸福感研究述评.心理科学进展, 1.
②Cottrell & Leonard. (1933)Roles and marital adjustment. Publications of American can Sociological Society, 27.
①卢淑华,文国峰. (1999).婚姻质量的模型研究.妇女研究论丛, 2.
②徐安琪,叶文振. (1998).婚姻质量:度量指标及其影响因素.中国社会科学, 1, 145-159.
①Klein & weaver.(1990). A multivariate multisurvey study of marital happiness.Journal of marriage and the family,44, 269-282.
②Lewis,R.A. & G.B. Spanier.(1977). The orizing about the quality and about the family.New York:The Free Press.
①易国松.(1997).影响城市婚姻质量的因素分析.人口研究. 5, 85-89.
②Rollins,B. C .& K. L. Cannon.(1974). Marital satisfaction over the family life cycle: a reavaluation. Journal of marriage and the family, 36, 271-282.
①Luckey,E.B.(1960). Marital satisfaction and its association with congruence of perception. Marriage and fa- Mily, 22, 49-54.
②Taylor,A.B. (1967). Role perception,empathy,and marriage adjustment. Sociological and social research, 52, 22-34 .
③Luckey,E.B.(1960). Marital satisfaction and congruent self-spouse concepts.Social Forces, 39, 153-157.④Lueptow,L.W.(1989). Sex role ideology,marital status and happiness.Journal of Family issues, 10(3), 383-400.
⑤White, L.K. & A.Booth. (1985). The quality and stability of remarriages: the role of step children, American Sociological Review, 50,689-698.
①石林,张金峰. (2002).夫妻收入差异和婚姻质量关系的调查研究.中华女子学院学报,6(14), 30-35.
②江志笙. (2000).我国婚姻质量综合研究.镇江市高等专科学校学报, 9(3), 44-47.
①张兴贵. (2003).青少年学生人格与主观幸福感的关系.华南师范大学博士学位论文, 6-8.
①张兴贵. (2003).青少年学生人格与主观幸福感的关系.华南师范大学博士学位论文, 12.
②娄振山,伏广清. (2000).探讨飞行员婚姻满意度与心理、家庭、社会因素的相关性.健康心理学杂志, 6(3), 346-348.
①杜玉凤,李宇彤,何雪娟. (2003).婚姻质量与人格特质的相关分析.健康心理学杂志, 11(5), 379-380.
①Stock W. A., Okun M. A. & Haring M. J. (1990). Age and subjective well-being: A meta-analysis. Evaluation Studies: Review Annual, 8, 279-302.
①Kurdek LA. (1999). The nature and predictors of the trajectory of change in marital quality for husbands and wives over the first 10 years of marriage. Psychological value, 35(5), 83-96.
①汪向东,王希林,马弘. (1999).心理卫生评定量表手册.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社, 153-159.
①汪向东,王希林,马弘. (1999).心理卫生评定量表手册.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,153-159.
①李伟,程灶火,王湘,魏传华. (2002).婚姻质量与个性、婚姻动因的关系.中国临床心理杂志, 10(1), 17-19.
1.第二期中国妇女社会地位调查课题组. (2001).第二期中国妇女社会地位抽样调查主要数据报告.妇女研究论丛, 5, 9.
2. ClaireA.Etaugh & Judith S.Bridges著,苏严捷等译. (2003).女性心理学.北京:北京大学出版社, 206.
3.曹佃省. (2008).国外主观幸福感研究的理论概化及进展启示.社会心理科学, 23, 262-263.
4.丁新华,王极盛. (2004).青少年主观幸福感研究述评.心理科学进展, 1.
5.杜玉凤,李宇彤,何雪娟. (2003).婚姻质量与人格特质的相关分析.健康心理学杂志,11(5),379-380.
6.江志笙. (2000).我国婚姻质量综合研究.镇江市高等专科学校学报, 9(3), 44-47.
7.李娜. (2005).中层领导职务公务员人格特质与工作绩效的关系研究.硕士学位论文. 9-11.
8.卢淑华,文国峰. (1999).婚姻质量的模型研究.妇女研究论丛, 2.
9.娄振山,伏广清. (2000).探讨飞行员婚姻满意度与心理、家庭、社会因素的相关性.健康心理学杂志, 6(3), 346-348.
10.苗元江. (2002).幸福感的解释模型综述.赣南师范学院学报, 2002, 5苗元. (2003).余嘉元.跨文化视野中的主观幸福感.广东社会科学, 2003, 1.
11.苗元江.余嘉元. (2003).跨文化视野中的主观幸福感.广东社会科学, 2003, 1.
12.石林,张金峰. (2002).夫妻收入差异和婚姻质量关系的调查研究.中华女子学院学报, 6(14), 30-35.
13.王洪明. (2003).整合的调节——缓冲模型:一种新的主观幸福感理论.中国心理卫生杂志, 17(12), 817-818.
14.汪向东,王希林,马弘. (1999).心理卫生评定量表手册.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社, 153 -159.
15.吴明霞. (2000). 30年来西方关于主观幸福感的理论发展.心理学动态, 4, 23-28.
16.徐安琪,叶文振. (1998).婚姻质量:度量指标及其影响因素.中国社会科学, 1, 145-159.
17.易国松.(1997).影响城市婚姻质量的因素分析.人口研究. 5, 85-89.
18.严标宾,郑雪,邱林. (2002).文化常模和目标调节模型:两种幸福感文化观.社会心理研究, 2, 61-64.
19.转引自Claire A. Etaugh & Judith S.Bridges著,苏严捷等译. (2003).女性心理学.北京:北京大学出版社, 206.
20.张兴贵.(2003).青少年学生人格与主观幸福感的关系.华南师范大学博士学位论文, 6-8.
21.张兴贵. (2003).青少年学生人格与主观幸福感的关系.华南师范大学博士学位论文, 12.
22.转引自徐安琪,叶文振. (2002).婚姻质量婚姻稳定的主要预测指标.上海社会科学院学术季刊, 4, 103.
23.张海钟. (2009).人性人格人生.北京:社会科学文献出版社.
25.张智勇,王登峰. (1997).论人格特质“大七”因素模型.心理科学, 20(1).
1. Almagor M., Tellegen A. & Waller NG. (1995). The big seven modal: a cross-cultural replication and further exploration of the basic dimensions of natural language trait descriptors. Journal of Personality and Social psychology. 69 (2), 300-307.
2. Benet V. & Waller NG. (1995). The big seven factor model of personality description:evidence for its cross cultural generality in a Spanish sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 69(4), 701-718
3. Charle S, & White T L. (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation and affective response to impeding reward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 67(2), 319-333.
4. Cottrell & Leonard. (1933). Roles and marital adjustment. Publications of American can Sociological Society, 27.
5. Davis. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personal goals: Implications for research on religion and subjective well- being. Social indicators research, 45, 391-422
6. Kessler Rc., Drice Rh.& Wootman Cb. (1985). Social factors in psychological Stress. Social support and copi- ng process. 36, 531-572.
7. Klein & weaver. (1990). A multivariate multisurvey study of marital happiness. Journal of marriage and the family, 44, 269-282.
8. Kurdek LA. (1999). The nature and predictors of the trajectory of change in marital quality for husbands and wives over the first 10 years of marriage. Psychological value, 35(5), 83-96.
9. Lewis,R. A. & G.B. Spanier. (1977). The orizing about the quality and about the family. New York: The Free Press.
10. Lucas R E. (2007). Adaptation and the Set-Point Model of subjective well-being: Does happiness change after major life events. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(2), 75-79.
12. Luckey, E. B. (1960). Marital satisfaction and congruent self-spouse concepts. Social Forces, 39, 153-157.
13. Luckey, E. B. (1960). Marital satisfaction and its association with congruence of perception. Marriage and family ,22,49-54.
14. Lueptow, L.W. (1989). Sex role ideology, marital status and happiness. Journal of Family issues, 10(3), 383-400.
15. Rollins, B.C.& K.L.Cannon. (1974). Marital satisfaction over the family life cycle: a reavaluation, Journal of marriage and the family, 36, 271-282.
16. Ryan R M, Deci E L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist, 5, 8-78.
17. Stock W.A, Okun M.A. & Haring M.J. (1990)Age and subjective well-being: A meta-analysis. Evaluation Studies; Review Annual, 8, 279-302.
18. Taylor, A. B. (1967). Role perception, empathy, and marriage adjustment. Sociological and social research, 52, 22-34 .
19. Thoits Pa. (1983). Dimensions of life events that influence psychological stress: an evaluation and synthesis of the literature. Academic Press. 4, 33-172.
20. White, L. K. & A. Booth. (1985). The quality and stability of remarriages: the role of step children, American Sociological Review, 50, 689-698.
②第二期中国妇女社会地位调查课题组. (2001).第二期中国妇女社会地位抽样调查主要数据报告.妇女研究论丛, 5, 9.
③ClaireA.Etaugh & Judith S.Bridges著,苏严捷等译. (2003).女性心理学.北京:北京大学出版社,206.
④第二期中国妇女社会地位调查课题组. (2001).第二期中国妇女社会地位抽样调查主要数据报告.妇女研究论从, 5, 9.
⑤转引自徐安琪,叶文振. (2002).婚姻质量婚姻稳定的主要预测指标.上海社会科学院学术季刊, 4, 103
②张海钟. (2009).人性人格人生.北京:社会科学文献出版社.
③彭聃玲.(2001).普通心理学.北京:北京师范大学出版社,426.
④张智勇,王登峰. (1997).论人格特质“大七”因素模型.心理科学, 20(1).
⑤张智勇等. (1997).论人格特质“大七”因素模型.心理科学, 20(1).
①A l m a g o r M . , T e l l e g e n A . & W a l l e r N G. (1995). The big seven modal: a cross-cultural replication and further exploration of the basic dimensions of natural language trait descriptors. Journal of Personality and Social psychology. 69 (2), 300-307.
②Benet V. & Waller NG. (1995). The big seven factor model of personality description:evidence for its cross cultural generality in a Spanish sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 69(4), 701-718.
①Thoits Pa. (1983). Dimensions of life events that influence psychological stress: an evaluation and synthesis of the literature. Academic Press.4, 33-172.
②Kessler Rc., Drice Rh.& Wootman Cb.(1985). Social factors in psychological Stress. Social support and copi- ng process. 36,531-572.
③肖水源,杨德森. (1987).社会支持对身心健康的影响.中国心理卫生杂志. 1, 184-187.
①吴明霞. (2000). 30年来西方关于主观幸福感的理论发展.心理学动态, 4, 23-28.
①L u c a s R E . ( 2 0 0 7 ) . A d a p t a t i o n a n d t h e Set-Point Model of subjective well-being: Does happiness change after major life events. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(2), 75-79.
②曹佃省. (2008).国外主观幸福感研究的理论概化及进展启示.社会心理科学, 23, 262-263.
③Davis. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personalgoals: Implications for research on religion and subjective well- being. Social indicators research, 45, 391-422.
①Charle S, & White T L. (1994). Behavioral inhibiton, behavioral activation and affective response to impeding r- eward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 67(2), 319-333.
②严标宾,郑雪,邱林. (2002).文化常模和目标调节模型:两种幸福感文化观.社会心理研究, 2, 61-64.
③王洪明. (2003).整合的调节——缓冲模型:一种新的主观幸福感理论.中国心理卫生杂志, 17(12), 817-818.
④Ryan R M, Deci E L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social develo- pment, and well-being. American psychologist, 5, 8-78.
①丁新华,王极盛. (2004).青少年主观幸福感研究述评.心理科学进展, 1.
②Cottrell & Leonard. (1933)Roles and marital adjustment. Publications of American can Sociological Society, 27.
①卢淑华,文国峰. (1999).婚姻质量的模型研究.妇女研究论丛, 2.
②徐安琪,叶文振. (1998).婚姻质量:度量指标及其影响因素.中国社会科学, 1, 145-159.
①Klein & weaver.(1990). A multivariate multisurvey study of marital happiness.Journal of marriage and the family,44, 269-282.
②Lewis,R.A. & G.B. Spanier.(1977). The orizing about the quality and about the family.New York:The Free Press.
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