TT对更年期综合征的影响
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摘要
本文采用自然更年动物(menopausal,MP)和去势动物(ovaritectomized，OVX)作为更年动物模型，考察了蒺藜有效部位TT对实验性更年期综合征的作用，并初步探讨了其作用机理。
实验结果表明，TT能使MP小鼠无规则的动情周期逐渐恢复正常，表明TT对MP小鼠动情周期的紊乱有改善作用。
TT能提高OVX小鼠的空间分辨学习能力和MP小鼠的被动回避学习记忆能力，表明TT对学习记忆能力下降有改善作用。
TT能降低MP小鼠与OVX大鼠总胆固醇(CHO)含量、提高高密度脂蛋白(HDL)／甘油三酯(TG)的比值，表明TT对动脉粥样硬化形成有抑制作用。
TT能提高MP小鼠血钙含量，提高OVX大鼠(钙×磷)乘积、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)含量以及左股骨骨密度，表明TT对骨质疏松化有抑制作用。
TT能降低MP小鼠、OVX大鼠Less指数与脂肪系数，表明TT对更年期自发性肥胖有改善作用。
TT能延长MP小鼠牵引力时间，延长小鼠常压耐缺氧、抗亚硝酸钠中毒型耐缺氧、冷泳与热泳时间，表明TT能提高抗疲劳与抗应激能力。
TT能使OVX小鼠阴道上皮细胞发生角化，提高OVX小鼠、大鼠子宫系数与OVX大鼠雌二醇(E_2)含量，表明TT有雌激素样作用，属于植物性雌激素，且TT的上述种种作用可能与此有关。
Two experimental animal models, MP model and OVX model, were used to study the effect of TT on Climacteric syndrome and its mechanisms.
The experimental results proved that TT gradually made the irregular estrous cycle of MP mice regular. Which indicated that TT can ameliorate the disturbance of estrinization.
The fact that TT improved space recognizing and learning ability in OVX mice and the learning and memorizing ability of passive avoiding harmful things in MP mice indicated that TT can improve learning and memorizing ability.
It showed that the content of serum CHO decreased and the ratio of HDL and TG increased in MP mice and OVX rats because of TT. From which we can infer that TT can inhibit atherogenesis.
TT increased the content of serum calcium in MP mice, increased the product of serum calcium and serum phosphorus, increased the content of serum AKP, and increased left femur density in OVX rats. Which indicated that TT has good effect on osteoporsis.
TT reduced the less index and fat index in MP mice and OVX rats. Which showed that TT can inhibit climacteric spontaneous obesity.
It was found that TT increased the traction time of MP mice, the hypoxia tolerance of mice when in ordinary pressure or when pretreated with
NaNO2, and the survival time of mice in hot or cold water. We may make conclusion that TT can improve the function of resistance against exhaustion and stress.
And it was also found that TT made MP mice in oestrum, increased uterus index of OVX mice and rats, and markedly increased the content of serum E2 in OVX rats. Which proved that TT is phytoestrogen, and this may have great relationship with the effect of TT.
实验结果表明，TT能使MP小鼠无规则的动情周期逐渐恢复正常，表明TT对MP小鼠动情周期的紊乱有改善作用。
TT能提高OVX小鼠的空间分辨学习能力和MP小鼠的被动回避学习记忆能力，表明TT对学习记忆能力下降有改善作用。
TT能降低MP小鼠与OVX大鼠总胆固醇(CHO)含量、提高高密度脂蛋白(HDL)／甘油三酯(TG)的比值，表明TT对动脉粥样硬化形成有抑制作用。
TT能提高MP小鼠血钙含量，提高OVX大鼠(钙×磷)乘积、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)含量以及左股骨骨密度，表明TT对骨质疏松化有抑制作用。
TT能降低MP小鼠、OVX大鼠Less指数与脂肪系数，表明TT对更年期自发性肥胖有改善作用。
TT能延长MP小鼠牵引力时间，延长小鼠常压耐缺氧、抗亚硝酸钠中毒型耐缺氧、冷泳与热泳时间，表明TT能提高抗疲劳与抗应激能力。
TT能使OVX小鼠阴道上皮细胞发生角化，提高OVX小鼠、大鼠子宫系数与OVX大鼠雌二醇(E_2)含量，表明TT有雌激素样作用，属于植物性雌激素，且TT的上述种种作用可能与此有关。
Two experimental animal models, MP model and OVX model, were used to study the effect of TT on Climacteric syndrome and its mechanisms.
The experimental results proved that TT gradually made the irregular estrous cycle of MP mice regular. Which indicated that TT can ameliorate the disturbance of estrinization.
The fact that TT improved space recognizing and learning ability in OVX mice and the learning and memorizing ability of passive avoiding harmful things in MP mice indicated that TT can improve learning and memorizing ability.
It showed that the content of serum CHO decreased and the ratio of HDL and TG increased in MP mice and OVX rats because of TT. From which we can infer that TT can inhibit atherogenesis.
TT increased the content of serum calcium in MP mice, increased the product of serum calcium and serum phosphorus, increased the content of serum AKP, and increased left femur density in OVX rats. Which indicated that TT has good effect on osteoporsis.
TT reduced the less index and fat index in MP mice and OVX rats. Which showed that TT can inhibit climacteric spontaneous obesity.
It was found that TT increased the traction time of MP mice, the hypoxia tolerance of mice when in ordinary pressure or when pretreated with
NaNO2, and the survival time of mice in hot or cold water. We may make conclusion that TT can improve the function of resistance against exhaustion and stress.
And it was also found that TT made MP mice in oestrum, increased uterus index of OVX mice and rats, and markedly increased the content of serum E2 in OVX rats. Which proved that TT is phytoestrogen, and this may have great relationship with the effect of TT.
引文
[1] 全国继续医学教育委员会主编：妇产科学进展．长春出版社．2001，P133
[2] 夏海鸥主编：妇产科护理学．人民卫生出版社．2001．P210
[3] Keaney JE 17βEstrodiol preserves endothelia vascodilator function and limits low-density lipoprotein oxideation in hyper-cholesterotemic swine. Circulation, 89:2251,1994
[4] 方晓江等．雌激素对心血管的保护作用．中国老年学杂志，Vol．18：187-189，1998
[5] 白文佩等．雌激素对心血管的作用．中华妇产科杂志，Vol．32：4，1997
[6] 吴小涛等．骨质疏松症松质骨结构与强度的关系．<国外医学>老年学分册．Vol．17，No4：174-177,1996
[7] 马云正等．雌激素与骨代谢．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．16，No．1：19-22，1996
[8] 李丽等．成骨细胞的雌激素受体．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．12，No．1：17，1992
[9] 钱梓文主编：人体解剖生理学．人民卫生出版社，第三版，P294
[10] 王秀问等．绝经后妇女性激素改变与胰岛素抵抗．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．14，No．4：180-183，1994
[11] Jean LB. Deceprit skin. Am. J.Med.,98(supla)99s-100s,1995
[12] 曹惠玲等．中成药．23(8)：602,2001
[13] 程化奇．大鼠更年期实验模型研究．上海实验动物科学，13(4)：192-196，1993
[14] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第二版，P1479
[15] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第一版，P1008
[16] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P226
[17] 程化奇．大鼠更年期实验模型研究．上海实验动物科学，13(4)；192—196，1993
[18] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P224
[19] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第一版，P1013
[20] D.V. Petov; Cao Ymglin. Behavioral Effects of Stem-Leaves Extract from Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer. Acta physiology & pharmacological Bulgarica. Vol. 18. No: 1992
[21] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第二版，P1479，1991
[22] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P172-173
[23] 钱伯初．肥胖动物模型的制备原理和方法．中国药理学通报，9(1)：7，1993
[24] 吴良行等．介绍一种钙直接测定法——甲基麝香草酚蓝测钙法．中华医学检验杂志，7(2)：98，1984
[25] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P150
[26] 熊华等．更年平调液对更年期大鼠作用的实验研究[J]．湖北医科大学学报，1994，15：72
[27] 陈勤主编．抗衰老研究实验方法．北京：中国医药科技出版社，1996：710
[28] 陈奇主编．中药药理实验方法学．人民卫生出版社，P714
[29] 钱梓文主编：人体解剖生理学．人民卫生出版社，第三版，P297-298
[30] 陈慧．植物雌激素与雌激素相关性疾病．国外医学内分泌学分册，Vol20,No4,208-210,2000
[31] 江明性主编：药理学．人民卫生出版社，第四版，P180
[32] 陈琼华主编：生物化学．第三版，256-257
[33] 李蕾等．紫苏油对鹌鹑的降血脂作用．上海实验动物科学，18(3，4)：164-165，1998
[34] 薛延．骨代谢生化标志物与原发性骨质疏松症的诊治．实用老年医学，11(1)：9-10，1997
[35] 孟迅吾等．骨质量．国外医学内分泌学分册，23(2)：13-15，2003
[36] 成会忠主编．组织学．人民卫生出版社，P305-324，1994
[37] 郑方遒等．部分趋钙激素与绝经前后骨丢失．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．17,No．3：241-243，1992
[38] 徐苓等．防治骨质疏松症药物应用现状与前景．中国药理学通报，16(3)：254-257，2000
[39] 李岩．雌激素与阿尔兹海默病．<国外医学>老年学分册．Vol．21，No6：256-258，2000
[40] Behl C, Skutella T, lezoualc F et al. Neuroprotection against oxidative stress by estrogens:structure-activity reationship. Mol Pharmacol, 1997,51:535-541
[41] Regan RF, Guo Y. Estrogen atlenuate neuronal injur due to hemoglobin, chemical hypoxia and excitatouy amino in murine courical cultures. Brain Res, 1997,764:133-140
[42] Preziosi Petal. Interrelation betweem Plasma sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Plasma Insulin in Healthy Adult Women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 76(2):203, 1993
[43] Loulianos GT. Et al. Effect of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Sex Hormon Binding Globulin in Menopausal Women. Fertil Sreril, 60(suppl):s 143-s144,1993
[44] Mikiko Okada. Influences of Ovariectomy and Continuous Replacenent of 17β-Estradiol on the Tail Skin Temperature and Behavior in the Forced Swimming Test in Rats. J. Pharmacol., 73:93-96, 1997
[2] 夏海鸥主编：妇产科护理学．人民卫生出版社．2001．P210
[3] Keaney JE 17βEstrodiol preserves endothelia vascodilator function and limits low-density lipoprotein oxideation in hyper-cholesterotemic swine. Circulation, 89:2251,1994
[4] 方晓江等．雌激素对心血管的保护作用．中国老年学杂志，Vol．18：187-189，1998
[5] 白文佩等．雌激素对心血管的作用．中华妇产科杂志，Vol．32：4，1997
[6] 吴小涛等．骨质疏松症松质骨结构与强度的关系．<国外医学>老年学分册．Vol．17，No4：174-177,1996
[7] 马云正等．雌激素与骨代谢．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．16，No．1：19-22，1996
[8] 李丽等．成骨细胞的雌激素受体．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．12，No．1：17，1992
[9] 钱梓文主编：人体解剖生理学．人民卫生出版社，第三版，P294
[10] 王秀问等．绝经后妇女性激素改变与胰岛素抵抗．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．14，No．4：180-183，1994
[11] Jean LB. Deceprit skin. Am. J.Med.,98(supla)99s-100s,1995
[12] 曹惠玲等．中成药．23(8)：602,2001
[13] 程化奇．大鼠更年期实验模型研究．上海实验动物科学，13(4)：192-196，1993
[14] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第二版，P1479
[15] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第一版，P1008
[16] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P226
[17] 程化奇．大鼠更年期实验模型研究．上海实验动物科学，13(4)；192—196，1993
[18] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P224
[19] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第一版，P1013
[20] D.V. Petov; Cao Ymglin. Behavioral Effects of Stem-Leaves Extract from Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer. Acta physiology & pharmacological Bulgarica. Vol. 18. No: 1992
[21] 徐淑云主编．药理实验方法学．第二版，P1479，1991
[22] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P172-173
[23] 钱伯初．肥胖动物模型的制备原理和方法．中国药理学通报，9(1)：7，1993
[24] 吴良行等．介绍一种钙直接测定法——甲基麝香草酚蓝测钙法．中华医学检验杂志，7(2)：98，1984
[25] 李仪奎主编．中药药理实验方法学．P150
[26] 熊华等．更年平调液对更年期大鼠作用的实验研究[J]．湖北医科大学学报，1994，15：72
[27] 陈勤主编．抗衰老研究实验方法．北京：中国医药科技出版社，1996：710
[28] 陈奇主编．中药药理实验方法学．人民卫生出版社，P714
[29] 钱梓文主编：人体解剖生理学．人民卫生出版社，第三版，P297-298
[30] 陈慧．植物雌激素与雌激素相关性疾病．国外医学内分泌学分册，Vol20,No4,208-210,2000
[31] 江明性主编：药理学．人民卫生出版社，第四版，P180
[32] 陈琼华主编：生物化学．第三版，256-257
[33] 李蕾等．紫苏油对鹌鹑的降血脂作用．上海实验动物科学，18(3，4)：164-165，1998
[34] 薛延．骨代谢生化标志物与原发性骨质疏松症的诊治．实用老年医学，11(1)：9-10，1997
[35] 孟迅吾等．骨质量．国外医学内分泌学分册，23(2)：13-15，2003
[36] 成会忠主编．组织学．人民卫生出版社，P305-324，1994
[37] 郑方遒等．部分趋钙激素与绝经前后骨丢失．<国外医学>内分泌分册，Vol．17,No．3：241-243，1992
[38] 徐苓等．防治骨质疏松症药物应用现状与前景．中国药理学通报，16(3)：254-257，2000
[39] 李岩．雌激素与阿尔兹海默病．<国外医学>老年学分册．Vol．21，No6：256-258，2000
[40] Behl C, Skutella T, lezoualc F et al. Neuroprotection against oxidative stress by estrogens:structure-activity reationship. Mol Pharmacol, 1997,51:535-541
[41] Regan RF, Guo Y. Estrogen atlenuate neuronal injur due to hemoglobin, chemical hypoxia and excitatouy amino in murine courical cultures. Brain Res, 1997,764:133-140
[42] Preziosi Petal. Interrelation betweem Plasma sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Plasma Insulin in Healthy Adult Women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 76(2):203, 1993
[43] Loulianos GT. Et al. Effect of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Sex Hormon Binding Globulin in Menopausal Women. Fertil Sreril, 60(suppl):s 143-s144,1993
[44] Mikiko Okada. Influences of Ovariectomy and Continuous Replacenent of 17β-Estradiol on the Tail Skin Temperature and Behavior in the Forced Swimming Test in Rats. J. Pharmacol., 73:93-96, 1997