发电机静态启动技术研究
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摘要
近年来,发电机静态启动技术在大型燃气轮机及大型抽水蓄能电站中得到了广泛的应用,特别是对大型燃气轮机而言,发电机静态启动技术相较于其他的启动技术如交流电动机启动、柴油机启动及单轴联合循环机组汽轮机启动等方式,其所具有的使用灵活、操作简单、投资及运行成本低、可以有效节约空间等特点使其在使用中具有较大的竞争优势。近来对它的研究也一度成为热点。但同时我们也发现,由于该技术在运用中必须与透平控制系统、发电机励磁系统实现交互控制,因此目前存在着一定的技术壁垒。而这势必导致对国外进口产品的依赖性增加、相关设备的更新改造困难、运行成本高等问题。为此,本论文将对发电机静态启动技术作全面的分析与研究,为相关设备的国产化提供必要的参考。
本论文将首先要结合实际生产经验,分析发电机静态启动技术的原理、特点、技术；其次是结合实际生产经验,对GE发电机静态调频启动的控制策略、逻辑、保护进行阐述与分析；再在以上基础上,对发电机静态变频启动装置及励磁系统国产化的可行性进行分析并提出建议；最后对发电机静态启动装置在抽水蓄能电站、风力发电、同步变频电机等场合中的应用进行了介绍。
希望本论文完成后能成为一份同行了解、学习发电机静态启动技术的有用资料,同时能为相关设备的升级改造提供参考。发电设备的国产化是一个任重而道远的过程,需要我们不懈的努力。
In the recent years, the generator static starting technology is widely used in huge gas turbine generator unit and pumped-storage generator. Specially for huge gas turbine generator, compared with other starting technologies as AC motor starting,diesel engine starting and steamer starting in single shaft combined cycle power generation unit, the characteristics such as flexibility in use、easy operation、less investment and lower operation cost of the static starting technology make it has competitive advantage. and make it become the hot field in research. But we also find that the static starting equipment should used with other system such as tuibine control and excitation control. so the technology barrier exist, which make us to use the equipment depending on import. And also make the operation cost higher and difficult to rebuilt. So this article will analyze and research the static starting technology, which give reference for nationalization reformation of the equipment.
In this article, we will fist analyze the theory, characteristic, technology of the equipment based on practice experience. second we will analyze the control policy, logic and protection based on GE LS2100 static startor. third we will give the way to nationalize the static startor and exitation. and finally we introduce the application of this technology in other field like pumped-storage plants, wind power and variable frequency synchronous motor.
We do hope this article will be a useful datum for other people to realize and learn the static starting technology, and give any reference for equipment upgrading. Nationalization reformation of generator equipment is a long way to go, it need us to work hard continually.
本论文将首先要结合实际生产经验,分析发电机静态启动技术的原理、特点、技术；其次是结合实际生产经验,对GE发电机静态调频启动的控制策略、逻辑、保护进行阐述与分析；再在以上基础上,对发电机静态变频启动装置及励磁系统国产化的可行性进行分析并提出建议；最后对发电机静态启动装置在抽水蓄能电站、风力发电、同步变频电机等场合中的应用进行了介绍。
希望本论文完成后能成为一份同行了解、学习发电机静态启动技术的有用资料,同时能为相关设备的升级改造提供参考。发电设备的国产化是一个任重而道远的过程,需要我们不懈的努力。
In the recent years, the generator static starting technology is widely used in huge gas turbine generator unit and pumped-storage generator. Specially for huge gas turbine generator, compared with other starting technologies as AC motor starting,diesel engine starting and steamer starting in single shaft combined cycle power generation unit, the characteristics such as flexibility in use、easy operation、less investment and lower operation cost of the static starting technology make it has competitive advantage. and make it become the hot field in research. But we also find that the static starting equipment should used with other system such as tuibine control and excitation control. so the technology barrier exist, which make us to use the equipment depending on import. And also make the operation cost higher and difficult to rebuilt. So this article will analyze and research the static starting technology, which give reference for nationalization reformation of the equipment.
In this article, we will fist analyze the theory, characteristic, technology of the equipment based on practice experience. second we will analyze the control policy, logic and protection based on GE LS2100 static startor. third we will give the way to nationalize the static startor and exitation. and finally we introduce the application of this technology in other field like pumped-storage plants, wind power and variable frequency synchronous motor.
We do hope this article will be a useful datum for other people to realize and learn the static starting technology, and give any reference for equipment upgrading. Nationalization reformation of generator equipment is a long way to go, it need us to work hard continually.
引文
[1]金建荣,大型静态变频器在燃气轮机中的应用,发电设备,2008,6：481-484
[2]孙茗,大型燃气-蒸汽联合循环电厂发电机保护设计特点,电力勘测设计,2005.12,6：48-52
[3]李爱玉,王文志,余芳,浅析深圳前湾电厂燃气机组变频启动的加速原理和控制模式,变流技术与电力牵引,2004.4,44-47
[4]李健,朱彪,杨兴虎,贾胜超,应用高压变频器后电动机继电保护新问题,江苏电器,2008,10：21-23
[5]陈文杰,9F级燃机发电机出口处铁磁谐振分析,电力勘测设计,2007.08,4： 48-50
[6]Jung Chen Chiang,Chi Jui Wu and Shih Shong Yen, "Mitigation Of Harmonic Disturbance At Pumped Storage Power Station With Static Frequency Converter" [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1997,12(3):232-240.
[7]Bin Wu, High-Power Converters and AC Drives,机械工业出版社,2007.8, P51、 P61
[8]王兆安,黄俊,电力电子技术,机械工业出版设,2008.1,76-77
[9]王晶晶,郭鑫,侯小龙,徐正龙,胡炜,王露,燃气轮发电机静态变频启动若干问题分析.中国电力,2008,41(11)：47-50.
[10]竺伟,陈伯时,高压变频调速技术,电工技术杂志,1999.5,3：26-28
[11]刘明行,赵玉,项立铮,燃气轮机发电机组静态启动装置研究,能源研究与信息,2006,2(22)：98-102
[12]蒋麦占,工程设计中应用高压变频器要特别关注的问题,电气工程应用,2008.1,pp：5-12
[13]蒋麦占,电压源与电流源变频器性能对比的讨论,电气工程应用,2008.1,pp：13-16
[14]S.Bernet, Recent Developments of High Converters for industry and Traction Applications, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol.15, No.6,pp.1102-1117,2000
[15]胡雪琴,静止变频启动装置(SFC)总结与探索,云南水力发电,2007,1(23)：109-111
[16]Tore Petersson, Kjell Frank, Starting Of Large Synchronous Motor Using Static Frequency Converter, IEEE Summer Meeting and International Symposium on High Power Testing, July 18-23,1971, pp 172-179
[17]何振,9FA燃机静态变频器控制系统及调试运行,上海电力,2007,4：409-412
[18]孙益科,S109FA发电机组静态启动装置LCI控制,电力机械,2008,6(29)：82-84
[19]李志刚,9F燃气轮机LCI启动系统及启动过程简介,燃气轮机技术,2005.6,18(2)：57-61
[20]General electric company, SPEEDTRONIC Mark VI Turbine Control Multi-Customer Training,2004, Page:10
[21]李宝仁,周磊,周洪,基于Modbus/TCP协议通信节点的实施,机床与液压,2004,12：153-155
[22]黄清宝,基于工业以太网的专家控制,广西大学硕士学位论文,2004.5,14-15
[23]斯耐德电气中国投资有限公司,适应自动化新发展的透明工厂体系结构,仪器仪表标准化与计量,2003.2,7-24
[24]侯顺红,基于Modbus/TCP协议的工业以太网实时性研究,兰州理工大学硕士学位论文,2004.6,10
[25]阎石主编,数字电子技术基础(第四版)[M],高等教育出版社,2001
[26]刘愚,谭剑波,抽水蓄能电站发电电动机变频启动(SFC)方式和谐波分析,中华建设,2008.8,94-95
[27]周志琦,袁俊森,抽水蓄能电站的作用及两部制上网电价测算方法探讨,南昌水专学报,1999.9,18(3)：53-56
[28]曹明良,抽水蓄能电站在我国电力工业发展中的重要作用,水电能源科学,2009.4,27(2)：212-214
[29]李阳,抽水蓄能电站发电电动机启动仿真计算研究,东方电机,2006.1,29-33
[30]Greg Magsaysay, Thomas Schuette, Russ J.Fostiak, Use of a Static Frequency Converter for Rapid Load Response in Pumped-Storage Plants, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, December 1995,10(4):694-699
[31]项立峥,梁安江,张海燕,王海祖,宋海发,交流同步电机高压变频调速装置成功投运及技术浅析,变频器世界,2008,1,38-40
[32]王珍明,同步变频调速系统的现场应用,变频器世界,2008.11,19-20
[33]蜂谷秀行,安永重,东京电力公司新所泽变电所200MVA同步调相设备,国外大电机,1993.1,27-30
[34]魏伟,许胜辉,风力发电及相关技术综述,微电机,2009,42(4)：66-68
[35]李建林,胡书举,王剑飞,许洪华,直接驱动型全功率变流风力发电系统,动力工程,2008.12,28(6)：959-962
[2]孙茗,大型燃气-蒸汽联合循环电厂发电机保护设计特点,电力勘测设计,2005.12,6：48-52
[3]李爱玉,王文志,余芳,浅析深圳前湾电厂燃气机组变频启动的加速原理和控制模式,变流技术与电力牵引,2004.4,44-47
[4]李健,朱彪,杨兴虎,贾胜超,应用高压变频器后电动机继电保护新问题,江苏电器,2008,10：21-23
[5]陈文杰,9F级燃机发电机出口处铁磁谐振分析,电力勘测设计,2007.08,4： 48-50
[6]Jung Chen Chiang,Chi Jui Wu and Shih Shong Yen, "Mitigation Of Harmonic Disturbance At Pumped Storage Power Station With Static Frequency Converter" [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1997,12(3):232-240.
[7]Bin Wu, High-Power Converters and AC Drives,机械工业出版社,2007.8, P51、 P61
[8]王兆安,黄俊,电力电子技术,机械工业出版设,2008.1,76-77
[9]王晶晶,郭鑫,侯小龙,徐正龙,胡炜,王露,燃气轮发电机静态变频启动若干问题分析.中国电力,2008,41(11)：47-50.
[10]竺伟,陈伯时,高压变频调速技术,电工技术杂志,1999.5,3：26-28
[11]刘明行,赵玉,项立铮,燃气轮机发电机组静态启动装置研究,能源研究与信息,2006,2(22)：98-102
[12]蒋麦占,工程设计中应用高压变频器要特别关注的问题,电气工程应用,2008.1,pp：5-12
[13]蒋麦占,电压源与电流源变频器性能对比的讨论,电气工程应用,2008.1,pp：13-16
[14]S.Bernet, Recent Developments of High Converters for industry and Traction Applications, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol.15, No.6,pp.1102-1117,2000
[15]胡雪琴,静止变频启动装置(SFC)总结与探索,云南水力发电,2007,1(23)：109-111
[16]Tore Petersson, Kjell Frank, Starting Of Large Synchronous Motor Using Static Frequency Converter, IEEE Summer Meeting and International Symposium on High Power Testing, July 18-23,1971, pp 172-179
[17]何振,9FA燃机静态变频器控制系统及调试运行,上海电力,2007,4：409-412
[18]孙益科,S109FA发电机组静态启动装置LCI控制,电力机械,2008,6(29)：82-84
[19]李志刚,9F燃气轮机LCI启动系统及启动过程简介,燃气轮机技术,2005.6,18(2)：57-61
[20]General electric company, SPEEDTRONIC Mark VI Turbine Control Multi-Customer Training,2004, Page:10
[21]李宝仁,周磊,周洪,基于Modbus/TCP协议通信节点的实施,机床与液压,2004,12：153-155
[22]黄清宝,基于工业以太网的专家控制,广西大学硕士学位论文,2004.5,14-15
[23]斯耐德电气中国投资有限公司,适应自动化新发展的透明工厂体系结构,仪器仪表标准化与计量,2003.2,7-24
[24]侯顺红,基于Modbus/TCP协议的工业以太网实时性研究,兰州理工大学硕士学位论文,2004.6,10
[25]阎石主编,数字电子技术基础(第四版)[M],高等教育出版社,2001
[26]刘愚,谭剑波,抽水蓄能电站发电电动机变频启动(SFC)方式和谐波分析,中华建设,2008.8,94-95
[27]周志琦,袁俊森,抽水蓄能电站的作用及两部制上网电价测算方法探讨,南昌水专学报,1999.9,18(3)：53-56
[28]曹明良,抽水蓄能电站在我国电力工业发展中的重要作用,水电能源科学,2009.4,27(2)：212-214
[29]李阳,抽水蓄能电站发电电动机启动仿真计算研究,东方电机,2006.1,29-33
[30]Greg Magsaysay, Thomas Schuette, Russ J.Fostiak, Use of a Static Frequency Converter for Rapid Load Response in Pumped-Storage Plants, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, December 1995,10(4):694-699
[31]项立峥,梁安江,张海燕,王海祖,宋海发,交流同步电机高压变频调速装置成功投运及技术浅析,变频器世界,2008,1,38-40
[32]王珍明,同步变频调速系统的现场应用,变频器世界,2008.11,19-20
[33]蜂谷秀行,安永重,东京电力公司新所泽变电所200MVA同步调相设备,国外大电机,1993.1,27-30
[34]魏伟,许胜辉,风力发电及相关技术综述,微电机,2009,42(4)：66-68
[35]李建林,胡书举,王剑飞,许洪华,直接驱动型全功率变流风力发电系统,动力工程,2008.12,28(6)：959-962