福鼎市白色双孢蘑菇产业现状及经济效益分析
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摘要
福鼎市是福建省乃至全国重要的白色双孢蘑菇生产基地。种植白色双孢蘑菇已成为福鼎市广大农村居民实现脱贫致富奔小康的重要手段,在福鼎市农业产业发展中居于十分重要位置。本文运用实地调查、数据处理、数据归纳等研究方法,首先对白色双孢蘑菇、边际报酬递减规律、回归分析法等进行概念界定;其次从白色双孢蘑菇发展简史、栽培技术、加工、病虫害防治等方面介绍了白色双孢蘑菇的基本概况,从发展历史、发展现状、基本做法等方面论述了福鼎市白色双孢蘑菇的发展现状与历史,从生态、区位、技术、人才、市场、品牌等方面论述了福鼎市白色双孢蘑菇的发展优势,从蘑菇品种结构单一等七个方面论述了福鼎市白色双孢蘑菇产业发展的制约因素。同时,以福鼎市白色双孢蘑菇产业发展最为完善和成熟的前岐镇为例,运用边际报酬递减规律和回归分析法建立数据模型对福鼎市白色双孢蘑菇产销调查数据进行经济效益分析,阐明种植规模与经济效益的关系。最后,提出了树立支柱产业意识等十条加快福鼎市白色双孢蘑菇产业发展的对策。
Fuding City is an essential white button mushroom(Agaricus bisporus) production base in Fujian province even in China. Planting white button mushroom has been becoming the important measure for peasants of Fuding City to get out of poverty, and it plays significant role in agriculture industry development of Fuding City. This paper exploited research methods such as field survey, data process and induction to carry out research in following steps. Firstly this paper defined multiple conceptions such as white button mushroom, the law of diminishing marginal returns and regression analysis; secondly this paper introduced the general information of white button mushroom from multiple aspects such as history, planting and processing technology, pest control, etc.; and then the planting history, current situation and basic processing technology were discussed. This paper argued the advantage of developing white button mushroom by Fuding from ecology, location, technology, human resource and brand. Senven restriction factors such as the scarcity of cultivars were also discussed. Meanwhile, illustrating by Qianqi Town especially which was the most perfect town in developing white button mushroom industry of Fuding City, the law of diminishing marginal returns and regression analysis were utilized to build data model upon production and sales data to analyze its economy benefits, and the relationship of planting scale and economy benefits was also clarified. Finally, ten s countermeasures to speed up the development of white button mushroom in Fuding City were proposed.
Fuding City is an essential white button mushroom(Agaricus bisporus) production base in Fujian province even in China. Planting white button mushroom has been becoming the important measure for peasants of Fuding City to get out of poverty, and it plays significant role in agriculture industry development of Fuding City. This paper exploited research methods such as field survey, data process and induction to carry out research in following steps. Firstly this paper defined multiple conceptions such as white button mushroom, the law of diminishing marginal returns and regression analysis; secondly this paper introduced the general information of white button mushroom from multiple aspects such as history, planting and processing technology, pest control, etc.; and then the planting history, current situation and basic processing technology were discussed. This paper argued the advantage of developing white button mushroom by Fuding from ecology, location, technology, human resource and brand. Senven restriction factors such as the scarcity of cultivars were also discussed. Meanwhile, illustrating by Qianqi Town especially which was the most perfect town in developing white button mushroom industry of Fuding City, the law of diminishing marginal returns and regression analysis were utilized to build data model upon production and sales data to analyze its economy benefits, and the relationship of planting scale and economy benefits was also clarified. Finally, ten s countermeasures to speed up the development of white button mushroom in Fuding City were proposed.
引文
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[25]卢敏,李玉.中国食用菌产业的战略地位及发展展望[J].食用菌学报,2006,(13),2-4
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[27]蔡祖标.福鼎蘑菇产销的新期待[J].福建农业,2008,(10),34-36
[28]蔡祖标.追溯蘑菇产业历史畅想未来发展前程——福鼎蘑菇创业三十年巨变的回眸[J].福建农业,2006,(6),32-33
[29]王泽生.国内外食用菌产业现状与发展趋势[J].菌物学报,2005,(24),6-7
[30]董其勇.福鼎白色蘑菇等3项产品通过省名牌产品复评[J].福建农业,2008,(4),35
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[32]董其勇.浅谈闽东食用菌产业结构调整的思路与对策[J].食用菌,2006,(6),3-4
[33]黄亚东.台湾菇类产业考察报告[J].浙江食用菌,2010,(3),7-9
[34]张引芳.中国食用菌工厂化生产发展趋势及对策建议[J].浙江食用菌,2010,(4),6-7
[35]福建省食用菌学会.福建省食用菌学科发展研究报告[J].海峡科学,2011,(1),64-67
[36]刘绍银等.我国食用菌产业现状分析与发展对策[J].湖北农业科学,2011,(6),1185-1186
[37]蔡祖标.依托科学技术创新福鼎蘑菇产业巨变[J].福建农业,2006,(9),33
[38]张金霞.中国食用菌产业科学与发展[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009,26-27
[39]邬建明.我国食用菌标准及标准体系现状[J].食用菌,2003,(5),2-4
[40]曾先富等.四川省食用菌产业现状与发展对策探讨[J].食用菌,2010,(5),5-6
[41]刘朝贵.重庆市食用菌的发展现状及对策[J].西南园艺,2002,(30),75-76
[2]贾身茂.我国食用菌产业崛起的历史回顾[J].浙江食用菌,2010,(6),50-51
[3]张树庭, P.G.Miles著;杨国良,张金霞等译.食用蕈菌及其栽培[M].石家庄:河北大学出版社,1992,26
[4]张俊飚,李海鹏.2010年食用菌产业发展的趋势与对策建议[J].浙江食用菌, 2010,(3),5-7
[5]刘士旺.我国食用茵产业发展与研究动态[J].中国食用菌, 2009, (28),60-62
[6]蔡祖标.开拓闽东草栽食用菌产业的发展前景与对策[J].食用菌,2002,(6),2
[7]蔡祖标.福鼎蘑菇产业的发展[J].福建农业, 2008,(4),35-36
[8]别士平,熊明.荆门市双孢蘑菇产业现状及发展战略思考[J].食用菌,2010,(6),7
[9]陈兴等.北京和云南食用菌产量和产值模型及预测分析[J].中国食用菌,2007,(26), 27-28
[10]王婷等.不同种植规模农户收入的实证分析——对江西贵溪、都昌、宁都部分农户的调查研究[J].农业考古, 2006,(6),274-276
[11] Penn State Handbook for Commercial Mushroom Growers. Penn State University. University Park, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. 16802. 135 pp.
[12]陈德明,黄建春.食用菌生产技术手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2001,149-150
[13]丁长发.农业与农村经济学[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,2006,6-7
[14]田爱国.统计学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2005,7-9
[15] Rinker, D. L. 1986. Commercial Mushroom Production. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Parliament Building, Toronto, Ontario 33pp.
[16] B.C. Mushroom Production Guide. 1986. B.C. Ministry of Agriculture & Food 32916. MarshallRd., Abbotford B.C. V2S 1K2. 23 pp.
[17]杨国良,薛海滨等.食药用菌专业户手册(M).北京:中国农业出版社,2002,153-155
[18]黄年来.18种珍稀美味食用菌栽培[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997,56-58
[19]臧丹丹,邹莉,姚远.双孢蘑菇优化栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2010,(13),147-150
[20]王贺祥.食用菌栽培学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2008,15-17
[21]张金霞.食用菌安全优质生产技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004,145-147
[22] Vedder, P. J. C. 1978. Modern Mushroom Growering. Grower Books. 50 Doughty Street, London, England WCIN 2LP 422 pp.
[23]汪国莲,谢忠谊,陈明,徐文静,高明洁.双孢蘑菇主要病虫害综合防治技术[J].现代农业科技,2010,(21),211-213
[24]刘学刚.双孢蘑菇无公害栽培技术[J].西北园艺,2011,(3),31-32
[25]卢敏,李玉.中国食用菌产业的战略地位及发展展望[J].食用菌学报,2006,(13),2-4
[26]刘士旺.我国食用茵产业发展与研究动态[J].中国食用菌,2009,(28),6l-62
[27]蔡祖标.福鼎蘑菇产销的新期待[J].福建农业,2008,(10),34-36
[28]蔡祖标.追溯蘑菇产业历史畅想未来发展前程——福鼎蘑菇创业三十年巨变的回眸[J].福建农业,2006,(6),32-33
[29]王泽生.国内外食用菌产业现状与发展趋势[J].菌物学报,2005,(24),6-7
[30]董其勇.福鼎白色蘑菇等3项产品通过省名牌产品复评[J].福建农业,2008,(4),35
[31]赵胜民,周爱民.经济数学[M].北京:科学出版社,2005,101-102
[32]董其勇.浅谈闽东食用菌产业结构调整的思路与对策[J].食用菌,2006,(6),3-4
[33]黄亚东.台湾菇类产业考察报告[J].浙江食用菌,2010,(3),7-9
[34]张引芳.中国食用菌工厂化生产发展趋势及对策建议[J].浙江食用菌,2010,(4),6-7
[35]福建省食用菌学会.福建省食用菌学科发展研究报告[J].海峡科学,2011,(1),64-67
[36]刘绍银等.我国食用菌产业现状分析与发展对策[J].湖北农业科学,2011,(6),1185-1186
[37]蔡祖标.依托科学技术创新福鼎蘑菇产业巨变[J].福建农业,2006,(9),33
[38]张金霞.中国食用菌产业科学与发展[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009,26-27
[39]邬建明.我国食用菌标准及标准体系现状[J].食用菌,2003,(5),2-4
[40]曾先富等.四川省食用菌产业现状与发展对策探讨[J].食用菌,2010,(5),5-6
[41]刘朝贵.重庆市食用菌的发展现状及对策[J].西南园艺,2002,(30),75-76