我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统研究
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摘要
随着知识经济的到来,知识产权在企业的长远发展和市场竞争力的形成过程中将扮演越来越重要的角色。知识产权不仅是企业参与国际市场竞争的主要内容和重要手段,同时也是企业国际化经营最重要的竞争工具,对于从事国际化经营的企业提高国际竞争力具有重要意义。
本文首先对企业国际化经营理论、知识产权理论、系统理论、企业国际竞争力理论进行了系统的阐述,在此基础上借鉴国内外企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略成功经验,对我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略进行了深入的研究。从企业国际化经营知识产权战略、企业实施知识产权战略的保障措施、政府对企业实施知识产权战略的支持三个方面分别介绍了国外企业与国内企业国际化经营的知识产权战略,通过比较分析,找出我国企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略的不足以及对我国企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略的启示;运用系统工程相关原理,结合我国企业国际化经营的实际特点,从系统的视角研究企业国际化经营知识产权战略,构建了一个开放的企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统模型,该系统模型由输入子系统、转换子系统、输出子系统构成,将模型中的三个子系统视为三个单摆,从三摆耦合机理分析子系统之间的关系,通过科学地设计耦合节点形成紧密耦合。本文将系统输入要素分为显性输入要素与隐性输入要素两种,将企业知识产权相关人力资源、物质资源、财力资源看作显性输入要素,将企业在对外部知识产权相关宏观环境、中观环境、微观环境综合分析的基础上对知识产权管理机构、管理制度的建立和完善看作隐性输入要素,在此基础上结合电路流通的原理对输入子系统的特征加以分析;从知识产权开发机制、保护机制、市场运营机制三方面构建企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统转换子系统,研究系统转换要素的互动机理以及转换子系统的特征;将系统输出要素分为有形输出要素与无形输出要素两种,从具有自主知识产权的品牌产品研究系统有形输出要素,从增强企业知识产权开发能力、知识产权保护能力、知识产权运营能力,提高企业知识产权意识几方面研究系统无形输出要素;根据我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统输入要素、转换要素、输出要素,构建了由5个一级指标、12个二级指标、30个三级指标构成的企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统评价指标体系,基于模糊数学与神经网络原理构建了模糊神经网络模型,并以黑龙江省企业为例,对黑龙江省企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统进行应用评价;结合我国企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略的实际,从宏观和微观相结合的角度提出了改善我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统的对策。
With the coming of knowledge economy, intellectual property rights will play an increasingly important role in the long-term development of enterprise as well as in the formation process of market competitiveness. Intellectual property rights is not only the main contents and means for enterprises to participate in international market competition, but also the most important competitive tool for enterprises' internationalization, which is of great significance for internationalized enterprises to improve their international competitiveness.
The dissertation reviews theories related to international operation and intellectual property rights as well as system and international competitiveness firstly, on this basis, makes thorough study to intellectual property right strategy of China's internationalized enterprises using successful experiences about international intellectual property right strategy of domestic and foreign internationalizedenterprisesfor reference. The paper introduces the intellectual property strategy of foreign internationalized enterprises as well as domestic internationalized enterprises from three aspects of internationalized enterprises' intellectual property strategy and safeguard measures for implementing intellectual property rights as well as government support for enterprise implementing intellectual property strategy, after analysis and comparison, finds out the deficiencies of China's internationalized enterprise in implementing intellectual property rights as well as the inspirations we can get. Secondly, using system engineering related theories, combining the reality of China's internationalized enterprise, the paper researches intellectual property strategy of enterprise internationalization from the perspective of system, builds an open system model about intellectual property strategy of enterprise internationalization, which is composed of input subsystem and conversion subsystem and output subsystem. The paper sees the three subsystems as three pendulums, and analyzes relationships among subsystems from three-pendulum coupling mechanism, then forms tightly coupling by designing coupling nodes scientifically.
The paper divides system input elements into dominant input elements and recessive input elements, seeing human and material and fanancial resources related intellectual property as dominant input elements and seeing intellectual property management structure and management system based on comprehensive analysis to intellectual property right related external macro-environment and mid-environment and micro-environment as recessive input elements, and on this basis, analyzes the characteristics of input subsystem using principle of electric circuit circulating; Constructs conversion subsystem from such aspects as intellectual property development mechanisms, protection mechanism, marketing mechanism, researches the interaction mechanism of system conversion elements and the features of conversion subsystem; Divides system output elements into tangible output elements and intangible output elements, researching tangible output elements from brand product with independent intellectual property rights and researching intangible output elements from advancing enterprise's capabilities of developing and protecting and marketing intellectual property as well as from improving enterprise's intellectual property awareness;. Fourthly, according to input factors and conversion factors and output factors in intellectual property strategy system of Chinese internationalized enterprise, the paper establishes evaluation index system which is composed of five first grade indicators and twelve second grade indicators and thirty third grade indicators, constructs neural network model based on fuzzy mathematics and neural network theories, taking Heilongjiang province for example, makes application evaluation to intellectual property strategy performance in enterprises' internationalization. Finally, combining the reality of Chinese internationalized enterprises implementing intellectual property strategy, the paper puts forward countermeasures from macroscopic aspects as well as microscopic aspects for Chinese internationalized enterprises to improve intellectual property strategy system.
本文首先对企业国际化经营理论、知识产权理论、系统理论、企业国际竞争力理论进行了系统的阐述,在此基础上借鉴国内外企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略成功经验,对我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略进行了深入的研究。从企业国际化经营知识产权战略、企业实施知识产权战略的保障措施、政府对企业实施知识产权战略的支持三个方面分别介绍了国外企业与国内企业国际化经营的知识产权战略,通过比较分析,找出我国企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略的不足以及对我国企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略的启示;运用系统工程相关原理,结合我国企业国际化经营的实际特点,从系统的视角研究企业国际化经营知识产权战略,构建了一个开放的企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统模型,该系统模型由输入子系统、转换子系统、输出子系统构成,将模型中的三个子系统视为三个单摆,从三摆耦合机理分析子系统之间的关系,通过科学地设计耦合节点形成紧密耦合。本文将系统输入要素分为显性输入要素与隐性输入要素两种,将企业知识产权相关人力资源、物质资源、财力资源看作显性输入要素,将企业在对外部知识产权相关宏观环境、中观环境、微观环境综合分析的基础上对知识产权管理机构、管理制度的建立和完善看作隐性输入要素,在此基础上结合电路流通的原理对输入子系统的特征加以分析;从知识产权开发机制、保护机制、市场运营机制三方面构建企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统转换子系统,研究系统转换要素的互动机理以及转换子系统的特征;将系统输出要素分为有形输出要素与无形输出要素两种,从具有自主知识产权的品牌产品研究系统有形输出要素,从增强企业知识产权开发能力、知识产权保护能力、知识产权运营能力,提高企业知识产权意识几方面研究系统无形输出要素;根据我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统输入要素、转换要素、输出要素,构建了由5个一级指标、12个二级指标、30个三级指标构成的企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统评价指标体系,基于模糊数学与神经网络原理构建了模糊神经网络模型,并以黑龙江省企业为例,对黑龙江省企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统进行应用评价;结合我国企业国际化经营实施知识产权战略的实际,从宏观和微观相结合的角度提出了改善我国企业国际化经营知识产权战略系统的对策。
With the coming of knowledge economy, intellectual property rights will play an increasingly important role in the long-term development of enterprise as well as in the formation process of market competitiveness. Intellectual property rights is not only the main contents and means for enterprises to participate in international market competition, but also the most important competitive tool for enterprises' internationalization, which is of great significance for internationalized enterprises to improve their international competitiveness.
The dissertation reviews theories related to international operation and intellectual property rights as well as system and international competitiveness firstly, on this basis, makes thorough study to intellectual property right strategy of China's internationalized enterprises using successful experiences about international intellectual property right strategy of domestic and foreign internationalizedenterprisesfor reference. The paper introduces the intellectual property strategy of foreign internationalized enterprises as well as domestic internationalized enterprises from three aspects of internationalized enterprises' intellectual property strategy and safeguard measures for implementing intellectual property rights as well as government support for enterprise implementing intellectual property strategy, after analysis and comparison, finds out the deficiencies of China's internationalized enterprise in implementing intellectual property rights as well as the inspirations we can get. Secondly, using system engineering related theories, combining the reality of China's internationalized enterprise, the paper researches intellectual property strategy of enterprise internationalization from the perspective of system, builds an open system model about intellectual property strategy of enterprise internationalization, which is composed of input subsystem and conversion subsystem and output subsystem. The paper sees the three subsystems as three pendulums, and analyzes relationships among subsystems from three-pendulum coupling mechanism, then forms tightly coupling by designing coupling nodes scientifically.
The paper divides system input elements into dominant input elements and recessive input elements, seeing human and material and fanancial resources related intellectual property as dominant input elements and seeing intellectual property management structure and management system based on comprehensive analysis to intellectual property right related external macro-environment and mid-environment and micro-environment as recessive input elements, and on this basis, analyzes the characteristics of input subsystem using principle of electric circuit circulating; Constructs conversion subsystem from such aspects as intellectual property development mechanisms, protection mechanism, marketing mechanism, researches the interaction mechanism of system conversion elements and the features of conversion subsystem; Divides system output elements into tangible output elements and intangible output elements, researching tangible output elements from brand product with independent intellectual property rights and researching intangible output elements from advancing enterprise's capabilities of developing and protecting and marketing intellectual property as well as from improving enterprise's intellectual property awareness;. Fourthly, according to input factors and conversion factors and output factors in intellectual property strategy system of Chinese internationalized enterprise, the paper establishes evaluation index system which is composed of five first grade indicators and twelve second grade indicators and thirty third grade indicators, constructs neural network model based on fuzzy mathematics and neural network theories, taking Heilongjiang province for example, makes application evaluation to intellectual property strategy performance in enterprises' internationalization. Finally, combining the reality of Chinese internationalized enterprises implementing intellectual property strategy, the paper puts forward countermeasures from macroscopic aspects as well as microscopic aspects for Chinese internationalized enterprises to improve intellectual property strategy system.
引文
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