CE-1干涉成像光谱仪信息处理及应用研究
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摘要
我国首次发射的嫦娥-1卫星上计划搭载一台中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所研制的干涉型成像光谱仪，用于配合x／γ谱仪完成月表重要元素及物质类型的分布与含量分析的科学目标。从仪器设计需求及科学目标实现两方面出发，论文着重研究了月表目标光学属性、光谱信息获取技术(干涉型成像光谱仪的定标、信息反演及性能评测)、物质类型及元素含量的高光谱遥感分析技术三部分内容。
月表目标光学属性
月表物质类型可以分为三个层次：月球矿物、月岩、月壤。论文以资料调研为主，测量试验为辅，系统研究了月表矿物岩石的反射光谱产生机理，总结了主要矿物岩石的光谱特征，同时探讨了月壤的影响因素、双向反射分布特性及偏振特性，讨论月壤的反射光谱模型，提出了光谱技术在月球探测中的应用范围。另外考虑了月表物质类型的辐射及空间分布特性，讨论了光学仪器动态范围要求、光谱分辨率及空间分辨率需求。
月表光谱信息获取技术
论文中主要分析了目前月表高光谱图像的获取手段的限制因素，并就获得绕月高光谱图像，分析了实现方案，讨论了当前应用在绕月探测中的成像光谱技术。干涉型成像光谱仪具有高通量、多通道等优势，是一种世界上先进的间接获取光谱信息的新技术，它获得的直接信息是干涉图，需要经过一系列处理才能得到光谱维信息，论文以CE-1干涉成像光谱仪为分析对象，研究了适用于同类成像光谱仪器的信息反演、定标及评价技术。
月表物质类型及元素含量的高光谱遥感分析技术
月表矿物及元素的含量及分布信息对月球科学的完善与发展具有十分重要的意义，是绕月卫星高光谱遥感的一项非常重要的任务，也是我国CE-1的四大科学目标之一。论文分析了月表探测对象及其高光谱信息描述与分析途径，分别介绍了四类解决途径：反射光谱吸收峰的分析方法、基于光学参数／矿物元素含量的统计分析方法、光谱相似分析方法以及混合像元分解方法，分析了它们在月表光谱分析中应用前景及需求，讨论了各自在CE-1干涉成像光谱仪数据处理中的适用性。
As first Chinese Lunar Exploration Satellite, Chang'E-1 will carry anInterference Imaging Spectrometer (ab.Ⅱ2S) made b y X i'an Institute o f Optics andPrecision Mechanics to determinate the contents and distribution of some materialsand elements on the lunar surface with x/γSpectrometer. Take into account the needsfor system design and realization of the scientific objectives, thesis are divided intothree parts to emphasize. They are optical characteristic of lunar targets, thetechnology to obtain spectral information of lunar surface (including calibration,spectral reversion, performance evaluation ofⅡS), the hyperspectral anaysistechnology about species and content of materials and elements on lunar surface.
Optical characteristic of lunar targets
Lunar targets are divided into three classes: lunar mineral, lunar rock and lunarsoil. In thesis, the methods of both information analysis by synthesis andexperimentation are adopted. The mechanism of reflectance spectrum and spectralcharacteristic of minerals and rocks on lunar surface are studied. The factors influencethe spectral character of lunar soil and BRDF and polarization characteristic of lunarsoil are discussed. The reflectance spectrum models of lunar soil are analyzed. Theapplications of spectral analysis in lunar exploration are discussed. Based on radiativeand spatial characteristic of lunar materials, the needs for optical instrument includingradiative dynamic range, spectral and spatial resolution are advanced.
The technology to obtain spectral information of lunar surface
The limiting factors of methods to gain lunar hyperspectral image are anaysised.Corresponding schemes to gain the hyperspectral image in circling orbit of moon arediscussed. As a new and advanced technology in the world to gain spectrum,interference imaging spectrometer is superior in high throghout and multichannel. But a series of digitial processing must be executed to get spectrum because the raw datais interference figure of targets. In thesis, taking Chang'E-1ⅡS as an example, thetechnology about calibration, spectral reversion, performance evaluation ofcongeneric instrument are studied.
The hyperspectral anaysis technology
The information about contents and distribution of some elements and materialson the lunar surface is significance to renew and develop lunar science. It is also theimportant mission of lunar hyperspectral remote sensing and one of scientificobjectives of Chinese Chang'E-1 project. The description and analytical methods ofhyperspectral information of lunar targets are discussed in thesis. Four techniques areintroduced: first analytic methods are based on absorption characteristic in reflectancespectrum, second methods are based on statistic between optical parameter andcontents of lunar materials and elements, the followed techniques are spectralsimilitude anaysis and spectral unmixing technology. The foregrounds andrequirements of every methods for hyperspectral data in the spectral anaysis of lunarsuface are discussed. The adaptability of those methods in the Chang'E-1 InterferenceImaging Spectrometer data processing is anaysised.
月表目标光学属性
月表物质类型可以分为三个层次：月球矿物、月岩、月壤。论文以资料调研为主，测量试验为辅，系统研究了月表矿物岩石的反射光谱产生机理，总结了主要矿物岩石的光谱特征，同时探讨了月壤的影响因素、双向反射分布特性及偏振特性，讨论月壤的反射光谱模型，提出了光谱技术在月球探测中的应用范围。另外考虑了月表物质类型的辐射及空间分布特性，讨论了光学仪器动态范围要求、光谱分辨率及空间分辨率需求。
月表光谱信息获取技术
论文中主要分析了目前月表高光谱图像的获取手段的限制因素，并就获得绕月高光谱图像，分析了实现方案，讨论了当前应用在绕月探测中的成像光谱技术。干涉型成像光谱仪具有高通量、多通道等优势，是一种世界上先进的间接获取光谱信息的新技术，它获得的直接信息是干涉图，需要经过一系列处理才能得到光谱维信息，论文以CE-1干涉成像光谱仪为分析对象，研究了适用于同类成像光谱仪器的信息反演、定标及评价技术。
月表物质类型及元素含量的高光谱遥感分析技术
月表矿物及元素的含量及分布信息对月球科学的完善与发展具有十分重要的意义，是绕月卫星高光谱遥感的一项非常重要的任务，也是我国CE-1的四大科学目标之一。论文分析了月表探测对象及其高光谱信息描述与分析途径，分别介绍了四类解决途径：反射光谱吸收峰的分析方法、基于光学参数／矿物元素含量的统计分析方法、光谱相似分析方法以及混合像元分解方法，分析了它们在月表光谱分析中应用前景及需求，讨论了各自在CE-1干涉成像光谱仪数据处理中的适用性。
As first Chinese Lunar Exploration Satellite, Chang'E-1 will carry anInterference Imaging Spectrometer (ab.Ⅱ2S) made b y X i'an Institute o f Optics andPrecision Mechanics to determinate the contents and distribution of some materialsand elements on the lunar surface with x/γSpectrometer. Take into account the needsfor system design and realization of the scientific objectives, thesis are divided intothree parts to emphasize. They are optical characteristic of lunar targets, thetechnology to obtain spectral information of lunar surface (including calibration,spectral reversion, performance evaluation ofⅡS), the hyperspectral anaysistechnology about species and content of materials and elements on lunar surface.
Optical characteristic of lunar targets
Lunar targets are divided into three classes: lunar mineral, lunar rock and lunarsoil. In thesis, the methods of both information analysis by synthesis andexperimentation are adopted. The mechanism of reflectance spectrum and spectralcharacteristic of minerals and rocks on lunar surface are studied. The factors influencethe spectral character of lunar soil and BRDF and polarization characteristic of lunarsoil are discussed. The reflectance spectrum models of lunar soil are analyzed. Theapplications of spectral analysis in lunar exploration are discussed. Based on radiativeand spatial characteristic of lunar materials, the needs for optical instrument includingradiative dynamic range, spectral and spatial resolution are advanced.
The technology to obtain spectral information of lunar surface
The limiting factors of methods to gain lunar hyperspectral image are anaysised.Corresponding schemes to gain the hyperspectral image in circling orbit of moon arediscussed. As a new and advanced technology in the world to gain spectrum,interference imaging spectrometer is superior in high throghout and multichannel. But a series of digitial processing must be executed to get spectrum because the raw datais interference figure of targets. In thesis, taking Chang'E-1ⅡS as an example, thetechnology about calibration, spectral reversion, performance evaluation ofcongeneric instrument are studied.
The hyperspectral anaysis technology
The information about contents and distribution of some elements and materialson the lunar surface is significance to renew and develop lunar science. It is also theimportant mission of lunar hyperspectral remote sensing and one of scientificobjectives of Chinese Chang'E-1 project. The description and analytical methods ofhyperspectral information of lunar targets are discussed in thesis. Four techniques areintroduced: first analytic methods are based on absorption characteristic in reflectancespectrum, second methods are based on statistic between optical parameter andcontents of lunar materials and elements, the followed techniques are spectralsimilitude anaysis and spectral unmixing technology. The foregrounds andrequirements of every methods for hyperspectral data in the spectral anaysis of lunarsuface are discussed. The adaptability of those methods in the Chang'E-1 InterferenceImaging Spectrometer data processing is anaysised.
引文
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