真空预压法在天津港软基加固中的应用研究
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摘要
天津港广范分布有工程性状较差,新近吹填形成的具有很高的含水量和很低强度的淤泥性质粘土。真空预压法作为排水固结法的一种,近年在天津港软基加固中得到了广泛地应用,取得了很好的经济效益和社会效益。
本文在回顾总结真空预压技术的发展历史和研究现状基础上,通过理论分析和现场试验,以天津港实际工程为背景,对真空预压在软基加固方面的应用进行了探讨和研究。详细阐述了真空预压法加固机理,根据现场试验,论述了真空预压的现场施工步骤,对真空预压期间的膜下真空度、地表沉降、分层沉降、孔隙水压力以及侧向位移等监测项目结果进行分析,对加固前后的土层物理力学指标和原位十字板抗剪强度进行对比。
应用有限元软件Plaxis进行实际工程的模拟计算及分析,采用平面应变模型和莫尔-库仑土体本构关系,模拟真空预压中孔隙水压力的变化和真空预压下土体的固结变形过程。模拟过程中,采用了真空荷载法进行加荷计算,所得结果与真空预压工程实际吻合较好。
The new formed silt clay with high moisture content and low strength is widely distributed in Tianjin Port. The vacuum preloading method which is one kind of drainage consolidation methods has been widely used in the soft foundation reinforcement in Tianjin Port recently. It has achieved good economic and social benefits.
On the basis of the developing history and current research condition of vacuum preloading, as well as in combination with the project sample study of Tianjin Port. The thesis carries through the following research word aiming at the application and research of vacuum preloading on the shallow soft ground consolidation based on theoretical analysis and on-site testing.
The mechanism of vacuum preloading was discussed by contrast of vacuum preloading and heaped preloading. The vacuum preloading consolidation theory has been discussed. Based on the field test, the construction steps of vacuum preloading have been gained. And the results of vacuum degree under the membrane, layer settlement, delamination settlement, pore pressure and lateral displacement in the process of vacuum preloading have been carried out. The physical and mechanical indexes of soft soil were discussed by contrast of vane shearing strength before and after the consolidation.
The software named Plaxis is used to make some numerical analysis in the practical engineering, in which the Mohr-Coulomb model was adopted. In the analysis, the vacuum loading is applied. The results indicate that it is closed to the tests in situ.
本文在回顾总结真空预压技术的发展历史和研究现状基础上,通过理论分析和现场试验,以天津港实际工程为背景,对真空预压在软基加固方面的应用进行了探讨和研究。详细阐述了真空预压法加固机理,根据现场试验,论述了真空预压的现场施工步骤,对真空预压期间的膜下真空度、地表沉降、分层沉降、孔隙水压力以及侧向位移等监测项目结果进行分析,对加固前后的土层物理力学指标和原位十字板抗剪强度进行对比。
应用有限元软件Plaxis进行实际工程的模拟计算及分析,采用平面应变模型和莫尔-库仑土体本构关系,模拟真空预压中孔隙水压力的变化和真空预压下土体的固结变形过程。模拟过程中,采用了真空荷载法进行加荷计算,所得结果与真空预压工程实际吻合较好。
The new formed silt clay with high moisture content and low strength is widely distributed in Tianjin Port. The vacuum preloading method which is one kind of drainage consolidation methods has been widely used in the soft foundation reinforcement in Tianjin Port recently. It has achieved good economic and social benefits.
On the basis of the developing history and current research condition of vacuum preloading, as well as in combination with the project sample study of Tianjin Port. The thesis carries through the following research word aiming at the application and research of vacuum preloading on the shallow soft ground consolidation based on theoretical analysis and on-site testing.
The mechanism of vacuum preloading was discussed by contrast of vacuum preloading and heaped preloading. The vacuum preloading consolidation theory has been discussed. Based on the field test, the construction steps of vacuum preloading have been gained. And the results of vacuum degree under the membrane, layer settlement, delamination settlement, pore pressure and lateral displacement in the process of vacuum preloading have been carried out. The physical and mechanical indexes of soft soil were discussed by contrast of vane shearing strength before and after the consolidation.
The software named Plaxis is used to make some numerical analysis in the practical engineering, in which the Mohr-Coulomb model was adopted. In the analysis, the vacuum loading is applied. The results indicate that it is closed to the tests in situ.
引文
[1]白冰,肖宏彬.软土工程若干理论与应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[2]龚晓南,岑仰润,真空预压加固软土地基机理探讨,哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2002,35(2),7-10。
[3]龚晓南,岑仰润,李昌宁,真空排水预压加固软土地基的研究现状及展望,第七届全国地基处理学术讨论会论文集,2002,兰州,3-7
[4]丁绿芳,郭志平,赵维炳,真空预压加固软基时土体的损伤,河海大学学报,(自然科学版),2002,30(4),57-600
[5] Barron,R.A.Consolidationoffinegrained50115bydrainwells,Trans.ASCE,1948,Vol.ll3,718-742
[6]娄炎,真空排水预压法的加固机理及其特征的应力路径分析,水利水运科学研究,1990,No.l,99-106
[7]娄炎,负压条件下软土地基的孔隙水压力,水利学报,1988,No.9,48-52
[8]娄炎编著,真空排水预压法加固软土技术,北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[9]聂跃高,赵维炳,施建勇,洪宝宁,高速公路软基膜下真空度的影响因素及对策,西部探矿工程,2002,No.6,143一144
[10]邱长林,闫澍旺,低位抽真空加固软基的有限元分析,岩土工程师,1997,9(4),l-6
[11]闫澍旺,陈环,用真空加固软土地基的机制与计算方法,岩土工程学报,1986,8(2),35~44
[12] M.TangandJ.Q.Shang,Vaeuum Preloading consolidation of yao qian gair port runway,Geoteehnique,2000,50(6),613-623.
[13]岑仰润,龚晓南,温晓贵,真空排水预压工程中孔压实测资料的分析与应用,浙江大学学报(工学版),2003,37(l),16-18、55
[14]陈环,真空预压法机理研究十年,港口工程,1991,No.4,17-26
[15]陈环,鲍秀清,负压条件下土的固结有效应力,岩土工程学报,1984,6(5),39-47
[16]陈锦庆,真空预压联合砂井桩加固软基技术的应用,水利水电快报,2001,22(22),16-18
[17]陈立宏,陈祖熠,李广信.砂井地基有限元计算的等效平面应变算法[J].土木工程学报, 2004, 37(6): 82-86.
[18]陈小丹,赵维炳.考虑井阻和涂抹的砂井地基平面应变等效方法分析[J].岩土力学, 2005, 26(4): 567-571.
[19]赵维炳,陈永辉,龚友平.平面应变有限元分析中砂井的处理方法[J].水利学报, 1998, 6: 53-57.
[20]陈析,周卫,洪宝宁,真空一堆载联合预压加固软基过程的数值分析,南京理工大学学报,24(5),2000,457-461
[21]地基处理手册编写委员会,地基处理手册(第二版),北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[22]黄文熙主编,土的工程性质,北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[23]赵维炳,钱家欢,真空预压砂井地基的设计,水运工程,1990,No.9,5-9、18
[24]郑颖人,沈珠江,龚晓南,岩土塑性力学原理,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[25]岑仰润.真空预压加固地基的试验及理论研究.浙江大学.博士学位论文.2003年5月
[26]黄生文,贾存兴,陈智杰。真空预压的加固机理与加固深度探讨.中外公路,2005.8:47-49
[27]闫澍旺,侯晋芳,程栋栋等。中空预压有效加固深度的探讨.水里学报,2007.7:774-776
[28]王铁昆.真空预压固结排水法的应用研究.丹东纺专学报.2001.12:14-16
[29]罗庆锋.真空预压法进行软基加固机理及施工工艺研究.西部探矿工程.2006.1:42-44
[30]孟祥波.真空预压与堆载预压加固软基的分析比较.路基工程.2007.1:79-81
[31]姚蔚.软基处理中堆载预压和真空预压法比较分析.西部探矿工程.2005.3
[32]张志允,翟国民,张明晶.堆载预压法和真空预压法加固机理的比较研究.地基处理.2002.12:64-66
[33]曹杰.排水固结法在不同应力路径条件下引起软土地基沉降的初步研究.河海大学硕士学位论文.2006.6
[34]程万钊.排水固结法加固软基工后沉降反分析与预测.南京工业大学硕士学位论文.2004.5
[35]刘昌忠.具有较厚硬壳层的软土地基处理方法.公路与汽运.2003.12:38-40
[36]罗志强.软基硬壳层对路基工程的作用和利用分析.广东工业大学学报.2006.6:132-134
[37]董剑,郑晓国.软土地基上效应分析及其工程应用.路基工程.2006.4:7-9
[38]彭月明,张铁壮,窦远明.硬壳层对软土地基沉降特性影响的研究.河北工业大学学报.2007.2:102-105
[39]王晓谋,尉学勇等.硬壳层软土地基竖向附加应力扩散的数值分析.长安大学学报.2007.5:37-40
[40]周戟,赵少伟,崔武文.地基硬壳层对路基沉降影响的有限元分析.路基工程:2007.5:91-93
[41]窦汉林.软基堆载预压处理中平均固结度计算探讨.中国农村水利水电.2006.8:119-121
[42]叶国良等.固结度计算中的影响因素分析.中国海湾建设.2005.10:1-3
[43]李广信主编.高等土力学.清华大学出版社.2004.7殷宗泽,徐鸿江,朱泽民,饱和土平面固结问题有限单元法[J].华东水利学院学报,1978,第1期.
[44]龚晓南.软土地基固结有限元分析[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,杭州:浙江大学,1981.
[2]龚晓南,岑仰润,真空预压加固软土地基机理探讨,哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2002,35(2),7-10。
[3]龚晓南,岑仰润,李昌宁,真空排水预压加固软土地基的研究现状及展望,第七届全国地基处理学术讨论会论文集,2002,兰州,3-7
[4]丁绿芳,郭志平,赵维炳,真空预压加固软基时土体的损伤,河海大学学报,(自然科学版),2002,30(4),57-600
[5] Barron,R.A.Consolidationoffinegrained50115bydrainwells,Trans.ASCE,1948,Vol.ll3,718-742
[6]娄炎,真空排水预压法的加固机理及其特征的应力路径分析,水利水运科学研究,1990,No.l,99-106
[7]娄炎,负压条件下软土地基的孔隙水压力,水利学报,1988,No.9,48-52
[8]娄炎编著,真空排水预压法加固软土技术,北京:人民交通出版社,2002
[9]聂跃高,赵维炳,施建勇,洪宝宁,高速公路软基膜下真空度的影响因素及对策,西部探矿工程,2002,No.6,143一144
[10]邱长林,闫澍旺,低位抽真空加固软基的有限元分析,岩土工程师,1997,9(4),l-6
[11]闫澍旺,陈环,用真空加固软土地基的机制与计算方法,岩土工程学报,1986,8(2),35~44
[12] M.TangandJ.Q.Shang,Vaeuum Preloading consolidation of yao qian gair port runway,Geoteehnique,2000,50(6),613-623.
[13]岑仰润,龚晓南,温晓贵,真空排水预压工程中孔压实测资料的分析与应用,浙江大学学报(工学版),2003,37(l),16-18、55
[14]陈环,真空预压法机理研究十年,港口工程,1991,No.4,17-26
[15]陈环,鲍秀清,负压条件下土的固结有效应力,岩土工程学报,1984,6(5),39-47
[16]陈锦庆,真空预压联合砂井桩加固软基技术的应用,水利水电快报,2001,22(22),16-18
[17]陈立宏,陈祖熠,李广信.砂井地基有限元计算的等效平面应变算法[J].土木工程学报, 2004, 37(6): 82-86.
[18]陈小丹,赵维炳.考虑井阻和涂抹的砂井地基平面应变等效方法分析[J].岩土力学, 2005, 26(4): 567-571.
[19]赵维炳,陈永辉,龚友平.平面应变有限元分析中砂井的处理方法[J].水利学报, 1998, 6: 53-57.
[20]陈析,周卫,洪宝宁,真空一堆载联合预压加固软基过程的数值分析,南京理工大学学报,24(5),2000,457-461
[21]地基处理手册编写委员会,地基处理手册(第二版),北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[22]黄文熙主编,土的工程性质,北京:水利电力出版社,1983
[23]赵维炳,钱家欢,真空预压砂井地基的设计,水运工程,1990,No.9,5-9、18
[24]郑颖人,沈珠江,龚晓南,岩土塑性力学原理,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[25]岑仰润.真空预压加固地基的试验及理论研究.浙江大学.博士学位论文.2003年5月
[26]黄生文,贾存兴,陈智杰。真空预压的加固机理与加固深度探讨.中外公路,2005.8:47-49
[27]闫澍旺,侯晋芳,程栋栋等。中空预压有效加固深度的探讨.水里学报,2007.7:774-776
[28]王铁昆.真空预压固结排水法的应用研究.丹东纺专学报.2001.12:14-16
[29]罗庆锋.真空预压法进行软基加固机理及施工工艺研究.西部探矿工程.2006.1:42-44
[30]孟祥波.真空预压与堆载预压加固软基的分析比较.路基工程.2007.1:79-81
[31]姚蔚.软基处理中堆载预压和真空预压法比较分析.西部探矿工程.2005.3
[32]张志允,翟国民,张明晶.堆载预压法和真空预压法加固机理的比较研究.地基处理.2002.12:64-66
[33]曹杰.排水固结法在不同应力路径条件下引起软土地基沉降的初步研究.河海大学硕士学位论文.2006.6
[34]程万钊.排水固结法加固软基工后沉降反分析与预测.南京工业大学硕士学位论文.2004.5
[35]刘昌忠.具有较厚硬壳层的软土地基处理方法.公路与汽运.2003.12:38-40
[36]罗志强.软基硬壳层对路基工程的作用和利用分析.广东工业大学学报.2006.6:132-134
[37]董剑,郑晓国.软土地基上效应分析及其工程应用.路基工程.2006.4:7-9
[38]彭月明,张铁壮,窦远明.硬壳层对软土地基沉降特性影响的研究.河北工业大学学报.2007.2:102-105
[39]王晓谋,尉学勇等.硬壳层软土地基竖向附加应力扩散的数值分析.长安大学学报.2007.5:37-40
[40]周戟,赵少伟,崔武文.地基硬壳层对路基沉降影响的有限元分析.路基工程:2007.5:91-93
[41]窦汉林.软基堆载预压处理中平均固结度计算探讨.中国农村水利水电.2006.8:119-121
[42]叶国良等.固结度计算中的影响因素分析.中国海湾建设.2005.10:1-3
[43]李广信主编.高等土力学.清华大学出版社.2004.7殷宗泽,徐鸿江,朱泽民,饱和土平面固结问题有限单元法[J].华东水利学院学报,1978,第1期.
[44]龚晓南.软土地基固结有限元分析[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,杭州:浙江大学,1981.