迷迭香对耐力训练大鼠自由基代谢、某些生化指标和激素水平影响的实验研究
|
摘要
大量研究显示，运动会引起体内自由基的大量生成，进而攻击机体生物膜系统，导致细胞结构破坏和功能紊乱。迷迭香是一种高效无毒的天然抗氧化剂，它含有黄酮类、二萜酚类和其它酚酸性化合物等抗氧化成分，其抗氧化作用在食品、医药卫生、美容等领域的研究正在展开或已取得可喜的成果。本实验目的在于揭示迷迭香对运动大鼠的生长发育、自由基防御体系、运动能力和某些激素水平的影响，为迷迭香在运动医学领域应用和运动保健饮料、食品的开发提供实验依据：
本实验以SD大鼠(含)为实验对象，递增强度跑台训练建立大强度耐力运动模型。测定了心系数、肝、脾、胸腺和睾丸指数以反映迷迭香对运动大鼠的生长发育的影响，测定了SOD、MDA、CAT、GSH—PX等反映自由基防御体系的指标，测定了血液中某些反映蛋白质代谢，有氧运动能力的指标，还用放射免疫法测定了某些激素指标以反映迷迭香对大鼠内分泌系统的影响。
实验结果表明：(1)迷迭香可以提高大鼠的脏器指数，对大鼠体重无不良影响。(2)大强度耐力训练后大鼠的Hb含量稍有下降，服用迷迭香可以改善这种现象，使大鼠Hb含量明显上升，提示迷迭香能提高有氧运动能力。(3)迷迭香组大鼠血清GPT、GOt活性明显低于相应的对照组，提示迷迭香可以减轻大强度耐力运动对大鼠肝脏、心肌等组织的损伤。同时迷迭香组血清LDH、CK活性高于相应的对照组，提示迷迭香有可能提高这些组织中LDH、CK的总活性，这一机制有待进一步研究。(4)迷迭香组大鼠血尿素氮含量明显低于其对照组，提示迷迭香可以降低运动大鼠休内蛋白质的分解代谢速率，保持肌力，延缓运动性疲劳的发生。(5)服用迷迭香组大鼠血中肌酐含量明显高于其相应的对照组，说明迷迭香能增加肌肉中肌酸和磷酸肌酸含量，提高肌肉机能水平。(6)服用迷迭香组大鼠血糖水平和肝、肌糖原含量都明显高于对照组，说明迷迭香可以增加大鼠体内糖储备，保证中枢神经系统、运动肌及红细胞等组织的能量供给，延缓中枢疲劳和外周疲劳的发生，提高运动能力。(7)迷迭香对大鼠心、肝、肾、脑、肌各组织都表现出明显地抗脂质氧化和清除自由基的能力，并且对同一状态下不同组织内的同一抗氧化酶活性影响不同，对同一抗氧化酶在同一组织不同状态下的活性影响也不同。(8)迷迭香可以改变大鼠体内激素的整体水平，提示迷迭香可以调节运动造成的内分泌紊乱。
结论：迷迭香具有很强的抗脂质过氧化、清除自由基和调节机体内分泌系统的作用，它可以改善大强度耐力训练对机体产生的某些不良影响，从而提高运动能力。
Many studies show that exercise can cause body to produce lots of free radicals that will attack cellular membrane system and result in the the damage of structure and the malfunction of cells. Rosemary is a kind of the efficient, non ?poisnous and natural antioxidant. It contains many antioxidic components which include flavonal, dicerpenes and phenolic acid compounds. The studies that is related to the antioxidic function of Rosemary has been progressing or made pleasure researching achievements in many fields such as foodstuff, medocome, cosmetology, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Rosemary on growth and development , free ?radical - defense system, exercise performance and concentrations of some hormones, put up some reference for exploration of Rosemary in the field of the exercise medicine and the development related to Rosemary of sports food and beverage.
This studies' objects are SD rats( ). The exercise models were set up by progressing intensity endurance training.The coefficient of the heart,the indices of the liver,spleen,thymas gland and testicle were tested to investigate the effect of Rosemary on the growth and development of the athletic rat.The activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and the content of MDA were measured that reflect the status of free - radical - defense system. It was measured that some indices in the blood which reflect the metabolism of protein and performance of the aerobic exercise. Some hormone indices were tested by the method of the radio - immunity in order to reflect the effect of Rosemary on the endocrin system in the trained rats.
The results show: 1 )Rosemary can increase the indices of organs and don't affect badly the growth and development of the rat.2) The Hb content lightly decreases in the rats after the intensity endurance training , while Rosemary can improve this phenomenon and make the Hb content increase remakedly, which proves that Rosemary can increase the performance of the aerobic exercise. 3) The activity of CPT and COT in the seram is lower significantly in Rosemary groups than in control groups. The activity of LDH and CK in the serum is higher evidently in Rosemary groups than in control groups. These results present that Rosemary can reduce the destroy of the tissues and cells caused by the intensity endurace exercise such as the liver, myocardium,and so on , At the same time Rosemary may increase the total activity of LDH and CK in these tissues .This mechnism is nessesary to study progressivly. 4) In Rosemary groups ,the BUN content is lawer significantly than in control groups .It cues Rosemary can decrease the proportion of the protein's puling up the energy in the athletic rat, protect the muscle strength, and delay the exercise fatigue happening . 5) The creatinine contenl in ihe serum is higher evidently in Rosemary groups and control groups, which hints that Rosemary can increase the concentrations of creatine and creatine phospate in the muscle. 6) The concentrations of the blood - glucose and glycogen in liver and myocardium are higher prominently in Rosemary groups than control ones. It is in-fered that Rosemary can raise the glycoexis in the rat body , provide the energy to the tissues of central neuron system, the muscle, the red cell, etc, delay the central and peripheral fatigue and promote performance of the exercise .7) Rosemary indicates the prominent performance of antioxidation and clearing the free radicals in all the tissues of the heart ,liver,kidney,brain and muscle. Then the abilities of its antioxidation are different in the unsame tissues in no uniform conditins, and its effect on the activity of different the antioxidic enzyme is
- n -
different in the same tissue in the same condition. 8) The integral levels of hormone are promoted by Rosemary in the rat body . It is infered that Rosemary may progress the disordeved endocine made by exercise .
The conclusion: Rosemary has the strong actions on enhancing antioxidant, clearing the free radicls and modulate the body endocrine sysem. It co
本实验以SD大鼠(含)为实验对象，递增强度跑台训练建立大强度耐力运动模型。测定了心系数、肝、脾、胸腺和睾丸指数以反映迷迭香对运动大鼠的生长发育的影响，测定了SOD、MDA、CAT、GSH—PX等反映自由基防御体系的指标，测定了血液中某些反映蛋白质代谢，有氧运动能力的指标，还用放射免疫法测定了某些激素指标以反映迷迭香对大鼠内分泌系统的影响。
实验结果表明：(1)迷迭香可以提高大鼠的脏器指数，对大鼠体重无不良影响。(2)大强度耐力训练后大鼠的Hb含量稍有下降，服用迷迭香可以改善这种现象，使大鼠Hb含量明显上升，提示迷迭香能提高有氧运动能力。(3)迷迭香组大鼠血清GPT、GOt活性明显低于相应的对照组，提示迷迭香可以减轻大强度耐力运动对大鼠肝脏、心肌等组织的损伤。同时迷迭香组血清LDH、CK活性高于相应的对照组，提示迷迭香有可能提高这些组织中LDH、CK的总活性，这一机制有待进一步研究。(4)迷迭香组大鼠血尿素氮含量明显低于其对照组，提示迷迭香可以降低运动大鼠休内蛋白质的分解代谢速率，保持肌力，延缓运动性疲劳的发生。(5)服用迷迭香组大鼠血中肌酐含量明显高于其相应的对照组，说明迷迭香能增加肌肉中肌酸和磷酸肌酸含量，提高肌肉机能水平。(6)服用迷迭香组大鼠血糖水平和肝、肌糖原含量都明显高于对照组，说明迷迭香可以增加大鼠体内糖储备，保证中枢神经系统、运动肌及红细胞等组织的能量供给，延缓中枢疲劳和外周疲劳的发生，提高运动能力。(7)迷迭香对大鼠心、肝、肾、脑、肌各组织都表现出明显地抗脂质氧化和清除自由基的能力，并且对同一状态下不同组织内的同一抗氧化酶活性影响不同，对同一抗氧化酶在同一组织不同状态下的活性影响也不同。(8)迷迭香可以改变大鼠体内激素的整体水平，提示迷迭香可以调节运动造成的内分泌紊乱。
结论：迷迭香具有很强的抗脂质过氧化、清除自由基和调节机体内分泌系统的作用，它可以改善大强度耐力训练对机体产生的某些不良影响，从而提高运动能力。
Many studies show that exercise can cause body to produce lots of free radicals that will attack cellular membrane system and result in the the damage of structure and the malfunction of cells. Rosemary is a kind of the efficient, non ?poisnous and natural antioxidant. It contains many antioxidic components which include flavonal, dicerpenes and phenolic acid compounds. The studies that is related to the antioxidic function of Rosemary has been progressing or made pleasure researching achievements in many fields such as foodstuff, medocome, cosmetology, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Rosemary on growth and development , free ?radical - defense system, exercise performance and concentrations of some hormones, put up some reference for exploration of Rosemary in the field of the exercise medicine and the development related to Rosemary of sports food and beverage.
This studies' objects are SD rats( ). The exercise models were set up by progressing intensity endurance training.The coefficient of the heart,the indices of the liver,spleen,thymas gland and testicle were tested to investigate the effect of Rosemary on the growth and development of the athletic rat.The activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and the content of MDA were measured that reflect the status of free - radical - defense system. It was measured that some indices in the blood which reflect the metabolism of protein and performance of the aerobic exercise. Some hormone indices were tested by the method of the radio - immunity in order to reflect the effect of Rosemary on the endocrin system in the trained rats.
The results show: 1 )Rosemary can increase the indices of organs and don't affect badly the growth and development of the rat.2) The Hb content lightly decreases in the rats after the intensity endurance training , while Rosemary can improve this phenomenon and make the Hb content increase remakedly, which proves that Rosemary can increase the performance of the aerobic exercise. 3) The activity of CPT and COT in the seram is lower significantly in Rosemary groups than in control groups. The activity of LDH and CK in the serum is higher evidently in Rosemary groups than in control groups. These results present that Rosemary can reduce the destroy of the tissues and cells caused by the intensity endurace exercise such as the liver, myocardium,and so on , At the same time Rosemary may increase the total activity of LDH and CK in these tissues .This mechnism is nessesary to study progressivly. 4) In Rosemary groups ,the BUN content is lawer significantly than in control groups .It cues Rosemary can decrease the proportion of the protein's puling up the energy in the athletic rat, protect the muscle strength, and delay the exercise fatigue happening . 5) The creatinine contenl in ihe serum is higher evidently in Rosemary groups and control groups, which hints that Rosemary can increase the concentrations of creatine and creatine phospate in the muscle. 6) The concentrations of the blood - glucose and glycogen in liver and myocardium are higher prominently in Rosemary groups than control ones. It is in-fered that Rosemary can raise the glycoexis in the rat body , provide the energy to the tissues of central neuron system, the muscle, the red cell, etc, delay the central and peripheral fatigue and promote performance of the exercise .7) Rosemary indicates the prominent performance of antioxidation and clearing the free radicals in all the tissues of the heart ,liver,kidney,brain and muscle. Then the abilities of its antioxidation are different in the unsame tissues in no uniform conditins, and its effect on the activity of different the antioxidic enzyme is
- n -
different in the same tissue in the same condition. 8) The integral levels of hormone are promoted by Rosemary in the rat body . It is infered that Rosemary may progress the disordeved endocine made by exercise .
The conclusion: Rosemary has the strong actions on enhancing antioxidant, clearing the free radicls and modulate the body endocrine sysem. It co
引文
[1]江苏新医学院．中药大辞典[M]．上海：上海科技出版社，1986：1738-1739。
[2]屠鹏飞，徐占辉．新型资源植物迷迭香的化学成分及其应用[J]．天然产物研究与开发，1998，10(3)：62-68．
[3]刘鹰翔，计志忠，迷迭香的药理作用研究进展[J]．国外医药植物药分册，1993，8(6)：248．
[4]汪秋安．天然抗氧化剂的开发利用．柳州科技信息网．
[5]杨燕．迷迭香抽提物的性质与应用[J]．中国食品工业，1993，(3)：38-39．
[6]常静，肖绪玲，王夺元．我国引种的迷迭香抗氧化成份的分离和抗氧化性能研究[J]．化学通报，1992，3：30-33．
[7]Rampart M, et al. Complement. dependent stimulation of prostacyclin biosynthesis: inhibition by rosmarinic acid[J]. Biochem Pharmacol, 1986,35:1397.
[8]Bulth,et al,Modification of endotoxin-induced hemodymamic and hematologicad changes in the rabbit by methylpredrdsolone,F(ab~1)~2 fragments and rosmarinic acid[J].Br J Pharmacol, 1985,84:317.
[9]中国中西结合学会活血化瘀研究会主编．血瘀证与活血化瘀研究[M]．北京：学苑出版社，1990：195-201．
[10]邹正午，徐理纳，田金英．迷迭香酸抗血栓和抗血小板聚集作用[J]．药学学报，1993，28(4)：241-245．
[11]黄炼栋，胡之壁，刘涤．迷迭香酸生产的生物技术研究[J]．国外医药·植物药分册，1993，12(2)：104-109．
[12]王夺元，常静．单重态氧化学Ⅶ．迷迭香中主要抗氧化成分对单重态氧的猝灭作用[J]．化学学报，1994，52：301-305．
[13]陈淑珍，付阳平，吴若钵．迷迭香酸对大鼠中性粒细胞自由基生成和溶酶体酶释放的影响[J]．药学学报，1999，34(12)：881-885．
[14]Liu GT,Zhang TM,Wang BE.Protective effcts of seven phenol consistituents trom salviae miltiorrhizae on peroxidantive damage of biomembrane[J]. Chin J Pharmacol Toxicol, 1992,6:77.
[15]Huang YS,Zhang JT.Antioxidative effect of three water-solutle[J].Acta pharm Sin, 1992,217:96.
[16]Paris A,Strukelj B,Renko M,et al. Inhibitory. effect of eamostc acid on HIV-1 protease in cell-free assays. J. Nat. Prod.,1993,56(8):1426.
[17]Hayashi T, Axisawa M, Bandome T, et al. Studies on medicinal plants in paragugy; studies on "Romero"; Part 1. Planta Medica, 1987,53(4):394.
[18]詹晖，葛新发．自由基消除与中医药抗运动性疲劳[J]．武汉体育学院学报，1998，2：61-65．
[19]周永平，王恬．运动与自由基代谢[J]．浙江体育科学，1996，18(1)：12-15．
[20]孙存普，张建中，段绍瑾主编．自由基生物学导论[M]．合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社，1999，6-15．
[21]吕国蔚主编．医学神经生物学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，2000，390-392．
[23]师绣章．自由基导致衰老与抗自由基防老的研究[J]．中华老年医学杂志，1985，2：17-23．
[23]Dillard C.,J. Effect of exercise, vitamin E, and ozone on pulmonary function and Lipid peroxidation[J]. J of Appl physiol, 1978,45:927-932.
[24]Burdon R, H.Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in relation to mammalian cell proliferation[J]. Free Rad ic. Bid. Med., 1995,18(4) :775-794.
[25]Stem A, and Monteiro H,Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide modalate signalling associated with protein tyrosine phosphorylation: Ppossible role for antioxidants[1]. Free Radic. Radic. Biol. Med. 1995,3(1):1-9.
[26]郑荣梁主编．自由基生命科学进展(第6集)[M]．北京：原子能出版社．1998，36-37．
[27]代毅，金文泉，高卫．运动对自由基代谢的影响[J]．成都体育学院学报，1995，21(3)：65-68．
[28]曹锡清．脂质过氧化对细胞与机体的作用[J]．生物化学与生物物理进展，1986，2：17-23．
[29]杨剑等．硒与人红细胞膜血影收缩蛋白(Spectrin)．中国生物物理学学会论文摘要汇编5(苏州)，1999，BO22：58．
[30]Dean BT, Cheeseman KH.Vitamin E protects protein against free rdaical damage in lipid environments [J].1987,148(3): 1277-1282.
[31]Haberal M, Mavi V, Oner G.The stabilizing effect of Vitamin E, seleninum andzinc on leucocyte membrane permeability: A study in vitro[J]. Burns, 1978,13(2): 118-122.
[32]Niki E.lipid antioxidants:how they may act in biological system[J]. Br J Cancer. 1987,55(supple 8):153-157.
[33]Seifer E, Mendecki j, Hlotzman S, et al. Role of Vitamin Aand β-carotene in radiation protection: relation to antioxidant properties[J]. Pharmacol Ther 1988,39(1-3):357-365.
[34]Wayne DDM, Burton GW, Ingold Ku, The antioxidant efficiency of vitamin C is concentration-dependent [J]. Biochem, Biophys Acat, 1986,884(1): 119-123.
[35]熊正英，田振军．维生素E与运动能力研究的新进展．陕西师范大学学报(自然科学报)，1997；25(4)100-103．
[36]凌亦凌，黄善生．自由基研究的病理学意义及某些进展，自由基生命科学进展(第三集)．北京：原子能出版社．1995，P117-120．
[37]龚建新，符移才，石南宁等．自由基与石夕肺、肺癌、心血管疾病之关系研究—测定发中微量元素早期预测高危人群．自由基生命科学进展(第五集)．北京：原子能出版社，1997，P118．
[38]阎熙丰，许风芝，刘际清等．44例体外循环心脏手术患者血浆脂质过氧化物水平及细细胞超氧化物歧化酶活性的检测．自由基生命科学进展(第1集)．北京：原子能出版社．1993，179．
[40]随波．运动对自由基生成及超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响[J]．山东体育学院学报，1997，13(2)：37—38．
[41]郭世炳，句海松，韩哲武．运动对小鼠肌肉和肝脏中过氧化脂质及还原型谷光甘肽含量的影响[J]，运动医学杂志，1992，11(1)：62．
[42]吴玲．运动与生物膜结构和功能关系的研究进展[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1995，14(3)：152-156．
[43]McCord JM. Superoxide dimutase and oxygen toxicity[J]. Rev Biochem toxicol, 1979, 1: 109-124.
[44]冯美云主编，生物化学(下册，第二版)[M]北京：高等教育出版社，1991：29．
[45]沈同，王镜岩主编．生物化学(下册，第二版)[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，1991：29．
[46]Merry P, BI Kidd, et al. Synovitis of the joint is an example of reperfusion injury. In: PC Beaurhont BL Kidd, A Claxson. DR Blake (eds). Fress radicals, Metal Ions and Bioplymers London:Richelieu Press,1989:199-215.
[47]倪耀光．运动强度对血浆脂质过氧化物和SOD活性的影响．运动医学杂志，1992，11(2)：119．
[48]Jenkins RR. Free radicals chemistry relationship to exerxise.Sports Med, 1988,5:156.
[49]Davies KJA. Free radicals and tissue damage produceol by exercise, Biochem. Biophys. Res, Commcl,1982,107:1198-1205.
[50]Brady PS.Selenium, vitamin E and the response to swimming stress in the rat. J Natr, 1979,109:1103.
[51]Brady PS.Rapid response of the equine erythrocyte glutathtione peroxidase system to exercise.J Anim Sci, 1978,47:492.
[52]Salminen A. Lipid Peroxidation in exerxise myopath[J]. Exper, mol, path, 1983,38:380.
[53]丁树哲．疲劳运动条件下对大鼠心肌线粒体膜的研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1992，11(1)：22-25．
[54]李爱华．剧烈运动对自由基影响的实验研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1991，10(2)：79-80．
[55]Zhang Y,et al. Damage of inner-mitochondrial membrane of skeletal muscles exercise-induced in rat.FIMS Tth Eur Sports Med. Cong. Nicosia, Abstract, 1993, ppB1.
[56]张勇．耗竭性运动对大鼠心肌线粒体膜流动性和复合体Ⅰ的影响[J]．生物化学与生物物理学报，1995，27(3)．
[57]田野．运动性线粒体钙聚积，细胞脂质过氧化对骨胳肌结构和机能的影响[J]．北京体育学院博士研究生学位论文，1991．
[58]曹兆丰．耗竭运动时线粒体心磷脂含量和细胞色素C氧化酶活性的改变[J]．北京医科大学学报，1991，23(6)：435-437．
[59]曹兆丰，程伯基，林克椿．运动性内源自由基对大鼠肝线粒体的影响[J]．中国应用生理学杂志，1993，9(10)：25-28．
[60]Mitchell M, et al. Serum enzyme levels and lipid peroxidation in ultramarathon runners. Ann of sports Med, 1986,3:39.
[61]陈月，许豪文．高水温条件下70分钟游泳运动对小鼠自由基代谢影响的研究[J]．南京体育学院学报，1998，12(1)：1-18．
[62]周永平，王恬．运动与自由基代谢[J]．浙江体育科学，1996，18(1)：12-15．
[63]许豪文，戴永桢，商品．运动时大学生血浆脂质过氧化物和血液抗氧化系统的变化[J]．体育科学，1992，12(4)：55．
[64]Quintaniha AT.Effects of physiol exercise and/or vitamin E on tissue oxidative metabolism. Biochemical Society transactions, 1984, 12:403-404.
[65]Kanter MM, Lesmes GR, Kaminsky LA, et al. Effect of exercise training on antioxidant enzymes and cardiotoxity of doxorubicin. J Appl. Physiol, 1985,59(4): 1298-1303.
[66]Jenkins RR, Friedland R, Howald H, et al. The relationship of oxygen uptake to superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in human muscle. International J of sports Med, 1984,5(1):11-14.
[67]Higuchi M. Superoxide dismutase and catalase in skeletal muscle: adaptive response to exer cise. Jounal of Gerontology, 1985,40: 281-286.
[68]侯香玉．运动对自由基代谢的影响—国内外的研究近况[J]．体育科学，1991，11(4)：57-59。
[69]许绍芬主编．神经生物学(第二版)[M]．上海：上海医科大学出版社。：422。
[70]邓树勋，洪泰田，曹志发主编．运动生理学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，1999，7：304．
[71]Needlman P, et al. Atriopeptins as eardiac hormones. Hypertension, 1985,87: 469.
[72]Kuco T and Baird A. Inhibition of aldosterone production in the adrenal glomerulosa by atrial natriuretic factor. Nature, 1984,312: 756.
[73]李爱华．拥挤协迫对草鱼血浆皮质醇、血糖及月于脏中抗坏血酸含量的影响[M]．水生生物学报，1997，21(4)：284．
[74]牟信兵，薜增军，李素芝，等．高原红细胞增多症患者血清IL-2，IL-6及睾酮，雌二醇的水平及意义[J]．中国病理生理杂志，2000，16(3)：236．
[75]Jin M,Wilhelm MT,Lang RE,et al. Endogenous ttssue renin-angiotmsin systems[J].Am J Med, 1988, 84(suppl,3A):28-37.
[76]Dzau VJ.Tissue renin-angiotensin system; Physiologic and pharmacologic implications. Circulation, 1988,77(Suppl, Ⅰ):1-3.
[77]中野昭一·寺尾保．疲劳和激素[J]．(日)体育科学，1982，8：563-566．
[78]徐晓阳，张爱芳，武桂新等．扶正理气中药对大强度耐力训练大鼠代谢某些指标的影响[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1998，17(3)：220-223，211．
[79]苗明三主编．实验动物和动物实验技术[M]．北京：中国中医药出版社，1997：162-175．
[80]陈奇主编．中国药理研究方法[M]．北京：中国中医药出版社，1993：951-953．
[81]郑德先，吴克复，诸建新主编．现代实验血液学研究方法与技术[M]．北京：北京医科大学与中国协和医科大学联合出版社，1994：305-306．
[82]徐淑云主编．药理实验方法[M]．北京：人发卫生出版社，1982：129-130．
[83]陈可冀，李春生主编，新编抗衰老中药学[M]．北京：人发卫生出版社，1998：135．
[84]朱忠勇主编．实用医学检验学[M]．北京：人民军医出版社，1998：348-352．
[85]邓树勋，洪泰田，曹志发主编．运动生理学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，1999：317．
[86]沈同，王镜岩主编．生物化学(上册，第二版)[M]．北京：高等教育出版社．1990：181．
[87]任建生．长期运动训练对血液流变学的影响[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1996，15(4)：280-282．
[88]Trividi B,et al. Effect of pH on the kinetics of frog muscle phosphofructokinase[J]. J Biol Chem, 1966. 241:4110.
[89]张蕴琨，冯炜权．运动性骨胳肌损伤时的某些生化变化[J]．体育科学，1994，14(3)：72-76，84。
[90]冯美云主编．运动生物化学[M]．北京：人发体育出版社，1999：62．
[91]陈吉棣，曹国华，陈志民，等．健力宝—低热量饮料对大鼠体内脂质代谢影响的研究[J]．体育科学，1992，12(2)：49．
[92]郭世炳，匀海松，运动与氧自由基损伤[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1990，9(3)：167．
[93]方允中，陈能乾主编．医学酶学[M]．北京：人民卫生出版社，1984：238-243．
[94]杨正红．自由基与组织缺氧-复氧损伤，自由基生命科学进展(第一集)[M]．北京原子能出版社．
[95]Bulkey GB. Pathophysiology of free radical-mediated reperfusion injury[J]. J Vasc Sur, 1987, 5: 512.
[96]Thompson J Hess M.The oxygen free radical system:a fundermental mechanism in the production of myocardial necrosis[J]. Prog, Cis, 1986,28:449.
[97]赵保路．用电子自旋共振直接检测心肌再灌注产生的活性氧自由基[J]．科学通报，1989，10：781．
[98]岳平．再给氧损伤心肌线粒体膜磷脂与流动性的变化[J]．中国循环杂志，1991，6(1)：59．
[99]Chambers DJ,et al. Free rdaicals and ischemic injury;allopurinol preteratment or free radical scavengers improve myocardial protection during cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion. In Superoxide and superoxide Disonutase in chemistry, Biology and Medicine ced. Rotilio, G, J, Elsevier science publishers, Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, 1986:585-587.
[100]Del Maestro RF, et al. An Approach to free radicals in medicine and biology[J]. Acta physiol, scand (suppl.), 1980,492:153.
[101]Del Maestro RF, et al. Increase in micro vascular permability induced by enzymalically generated free radicals(I, In vivo atudly). Microvase, Res, 1981,22: 239.
[102] Werns SW, et al. Free radicals and myocardial injury; Phamacologic implications[J]. Circulation. 1986, 74:1.
[103]Kloner RA,Ellis SG, Lange R,et al. Studies of experimental coronary artery reperfusion, Effect on intact size, myocardial function, biochermistry, ultrastructure and microvascular damage, circulation, 1983,68(2Pt 2):8-15.
[104]Kaminiahi J.Increase vs,decrease of calcium uptake by isolated beart cells induced by H_2O_2 vs, HOCL[J]. Am,J, physiol, 1989,256:C598.
[105]郭世炳．运动对小鼠肌肉和肝脏中过氧脂质及还原型谷胱甘肽含量的影响[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1992，11(1)：61-62。
[106]杨维益．健脾理气法对骨胳能量谢影响的研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1994，13(1)：28-31。
[107]常波，衣雪洁，张玉玲．运动时肾脏自由基代谢与肾功能异常．四川体育科学．1997，3-4：13-16，36．
[108]郭林，吕志红，曹建民等．耐力运动对大鼠肾脏组织自由基代谢的影响[J]．体育科学，1998，18(1)：77-78，82．
[109]Appell H,J.Exercise,Muscle Damage and Fatigue[J]. Sports Midicine, 1992,13(2): 108-112.
[110]Clarkson P M. Investigation of serum Creatine Kinase Variability after Muscle Damaging Exercise[J]. Clin Sci Lond, 1988,42:257-262.
[111]Hortobagi T. Variability in Creatine kinase, Methoddogical, Exercise, and Clinically Related Factors[J]. Int J Sports Med,1989,10:69-74.
[112]Jones D A.Experimental Human Muscle Damage Morphological Changes in Relation to Other Indices of Damage[J]. J Physiol Lond, 1986,375: 435-439.
[113]Jenkins RR,et al.The relationship of oxyhgen uptake to superoxida dismutase and catalase activity in human muscle[J]. Inter,J of sports Medicine, 1984,95:11-14.
[114]Higudhi M, et al. Superoxide dismutase and catalase in skeletal muscle in exerxise[J]. J. of Geroto, 1985,87(7):23-26.
[115]Ohno H, et al. The effexts of brief physical exercise on free radical scavenging enzyme system in human red blood cell[J], Can,J,Physiol Pharmacol, 1986,64:1263-1265.
[116]Ohno H, et al. Physical training and fasting erythrocyte activity of free radical scavenging enzyme systemsin sedentary mere[J] J App, Physiol, 1988,57:173-176.
[117]Alessio HM,Cddfarb AH. Lipid peroxidation and scavenging enzymes during exercise:adapttive response to training[J].J Appl Physiol 1988,64(4):1333-1336.
[118]Linkis P, Jorgensen LG, Olesen HL. Dynamic exercise enhances regional cerebral artery meam flow velocity[J]. J Appl Physiol, 1995,78(1):12-16.
[119]Hellstrom Fischer-Colbrie W, Wahlgren NG, G, et al, Carotid artery blood flow and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity during physical exercise[J], J Appl Physiol, 1996,81:413-418.
[120]李良鸣，魏源，罗桂珍等．牛磺酸对力竭运动时大鼠脑组织自由基代谢的影响[J]．湖北三峡学院学报，2000 22(5)：82-85．
[121]Lehman, M. Overtraining in endurance athletes: Abrief review. Med. Sci, sports, Exerc, 1993,25(7): 854-862.
[122]Kirwan, J, P. Changes in Selected Blood Measure during Repeated Days of Intense Training and Car boclyrate Control[J]. Int,J,Sports, Med, 1990,22(11):262-266.
[123]冯炜权．运动性疲劳和恢复过程与运动能力研究的新进展[J]．北京体育学院学报，1993，16(2)：18。
[124]周士榜．研究运动与内分泌关系的意义[J]．体育与科学，1993，3：29-30．
[125]常芸，孙迎，陈小同等．运动心脏内分泌功能可复性的研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1999，18(1)：5．
[126]常芸，林福美．运动心脏实验研究Ⅰ．耐力训练后大鼠心房超微结构、心房肽免疫细胞化学及血浆心钠素含量的改变[J]．体育科学，1993，13(2)：47-50，59．
[2]屠鹏飞，徐占辉．新型资源植物迷迭香的化学成分及其应用[J]．天然产物研究与开发，1998，10(3)：62-68．
[3]刘鹰翔，计志忠，迷迭香的药理作用研究进展[J]．国外医药植物药分册，1993，8(6)：248．
[4]汪秋安．天然抗氧化剂的开发利用．柳州科技信息网．
[5]杨燕．迷迭香抽提物的性质与应用[J]．中国食品工业，1993，(3)：38-39．
[6]常静，肖绪玲，王夺元．我国引种的迷迭香抗氧化成份的分离和抗氧化性能研究[J]．化学通报，1992，3：30-33．
[7]Rampart M, et al. Complement. dependent stimulation of prostacyclin biosynthesis: inhibition by rosmarinic acid[J]. Biochem Pharmacol, 1986,35:1397.
[8]Bulth,et al,Modification of endotoxin-induced hemodymamic and hematologicad changes in the rabbit by methylpredrdsolone,F(ab~1)~2 fragments and rosmarinic acid[J].Br J Pharmacol, 1985,84:317.
[9]中国中西结合学会活血化瘀研究会主编．血瘀证与活血化瘀研究[M]．北京：学苑出版社，1990：195-201．
[10]邹正午，徐理纳，田金英．迷迭香酸抗血栓和抗血小板聚集作用[J]．药学学报，1993，28(4)：241-245．
[11]黄炼栋，胡之壁，刘涤．迷迭香酸生产的生物技术研究[J]．国外医药·植物药分册，1993，12(2)：104-109．
[12]王夺元，常静．单重态氧化学Ⅶ．迷迭香中主要抗氧化成分对单重态氧的猝灭作用[J]．化学学报，1994，52：301-305．
[13]陈淑珍，付阳平，吴若钵．迷迭香酸对大鼠中性粒细胞自由基生成和溶酶体酶释放的影响[J]．药学学报，1999，34(12)：881-885．
[14]Liu GT,Zhang TM,Wang BE.Protective effcts of seven phenol consistituents trom salviae miltiorrhizae on peroxidantive damage of biomembrane[J]. Chin J Pharmacol Toxicol, 1992,6:77.
[15]Huang YS,Zhang JT.Antioxidative effect of three water-solutle[J].Acta pharm Sin, 1992,217:96.
[16]Paris A,Strukelj B,Renko M,et al. Inhibitory. effect of eamostc acid on HIV-1 protease in cell-free assays. J. Nat. Prod.,1993,56(8):1426.
[17]Hayashi T, Axisawa M, Bandome T, et al. Studies on medicinal plants in paragugy; studies on "Romero"; Part 1. Planta Medica, 1987,53(4):394.
[18]詹晖，葛新发．自由基消除与中医药抗运动性疲劳[J]．武汉体育学院学报，1998，2：61-65．
[19]周永平，王恬．运动与自由基代谢[J]．浙江体育科学，1996，18(1)：12-15．
[20]孙存普，张建中，段绍瑾主编．自由基生物学导论[M]．合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社，1999，6-15．
[21]吕国蔚主编．医学神经生物学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，2000，390-392．
[23]师绣章．自由基导致衰老与抗自由基防老的研究[J]．中华老年医学杂志，1985，2：17-23．
[23]Dillard C.,J. Effect of exercise, vitamin E, and ozone on pulmonary function and Lipid peroxidation[J]. J of Appl physiol, 1978,45:927-932.
[24]Burdon R, H.Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in relation to mammalian cell proliferation[J]. Free Rad ic. Bid. Med., 1995,18(4) :775-794.
[25]Stem A, and Monteiro H,Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide modalate signalling associated with protein tyrosine phosphorylation: Ppossible role for antioxidants[1]. Free Radic. Radic. Biol. Med. 1995,3(1):1-9.
[26]郑荣梁主编．自由基生命科学进展(第6集)[M]．北京：原子能出版社．1998，36-37．
[27]代毅，金文泉，高卫．运动对自由基代谢的影响[J]．成都体育学院学报，1995，21(3)：65-68．
[28]曹锡清．脂质过氧化对细胞与机体的作用[J]．生物化学与生物物理进展，1986，2：17-23．
[29]杨剑等．硒与人红细胞膜血影收缩蛋白(Spectrin)．中国生物物理学学会论文摘要汇编5(苏州)，1999，BO22：58．
[30]Dean BT, Cheeseman KH.Vitamin E protects protein against free rdaical damage in lipid environments [J].1987,148(3): 1277-1282.
[31]Haberal M, Mavi V, Oner G.The stabilizing effect of Vitamin E, seleninum andzinc on leucocyte membrane permeability: A study in vitro[J]. Burns, 1978,13(2): 118-122.
[32]Niki E.lipid antioxidants:how they may act in biological system[J]. Br J Cancer. 1987,55(supple 8):153-157.
[33]Seifer E, Mendecki j, Hlotzman S, et al. Role of Vitamin Aand β-carotene in radiation protection: relation to antioxidant properties[J]. Pharmacol Ther 1988,39(1-3):357-365.
[34]Wayne DDM, Burton GW, Ingold Ku, The antioxidant efficiency of vitamin C is concentration-dependent [J]. Biochem, Biophys Acat, 1986,884(1): 119-123.
[35]熊正英，田振军．维生素E与运动能力研究的新进展．陕西师范大学学报(自然科学报)，1997；25(4)100-103．
[36]凌亦凌，黄善生．自由基研究的病理学意义及某些进展，自由基生命科学进展(第三集)．北京：原子能出版社．1995，P117-120．
[37]龚建新，符移才，石南宁等．自由基与石夕肺、肺癌、心血管疾病之关系研究—测定发中微量元素早期预测高危人群．自由基生命科学进展(第五集)．北京：原子能出版社，1997，P118．
[38]阎熙丰，许风芝，刘际清等．44例体外循环心脏手术患者血浆脂质过氧化物水平及细细胞超氧化物歧化酶活性的检测．自由基生命科学进展(第1集)．北京：原子能出版社．1993，179．
[40]随波．运动对自由基生成及超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响[J]．山东体育学院学报，1997，13(2)：37—38．
[41]郭世炳，句海松，韩哲武．运动对小鼠肌肉和肝脏中过氧化脂质及还原型谷光甘肽含量的影响[J]，运动医学杂志，1992，11(1)：62．
[42]吴玲．运动与生物膜结构和功能关系的研究进展[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1995，14(3)：152-156．
[43]McCord JM. Superoxide dimutase and oxygen toxicity[J]. Rev Biochem toxicol, 1979, 1: 109-124.
[44]冯美云主编，生物化学(下册，第二版)[M]北京：高等教育出版社，1991：29．
[45]沈同，王镜岩主编．生物化学(下册，第二版)[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，1991：29．
[46]Merry P, BI Kidd, et al. Synovitis of the joint is an example of reperfusion injury. In: PC Beaurhont BL Kidd, A Claxson. DR Blake (eds). Fress radicals, Metal Ions and Bioplymers London:Richelieu Press,1989:199-215.
[47]倪耀光．运动强度对血浆脂质过氧化物和SOD活性的影响．运动医学杂志，1992，11(2)：119．
[48]Jenkins RR. Free radicals chemistry relationship to exerxise.Sports Med, 1988,5:156.
[49]Davies KJA. Free radicals and tissue damage produceol by exercise, Biochem. Biophys. Res, Commcl,1982,107:1198-1205.
[50]Brady PS.Selenium, vitamin E and the response to swimming stress in the rat. J Natr, 1979,109:1103.
[51]Brady PS.Rapid response of the equine erythrocyte glutathtione peroxidase system to exercise.J Anim Sci, 1978,47:492.
[52]Salminen A. Lipid Peroxidation in exerxise myopath[J]. Exper, mol, path, 1983,38:380.
[53]丁树哲．疲劳运动条件下对大鼠心肌线粒体膜的研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1992，11(1)：22-25．
[54]李爱华．剧烈运动对自由基影响的实验研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1991，10(2)：79-80．
[55]Zhang Y,et al. Damage of inner-mitochondrial membrane of skeletal muscles exercise-induced in rat.FIMS Tth Eur Sports Med. Cong. Nicosia, Abstract, 1993, ppB1.
[56]张勇．耗竭性运动对大鼠心肌线粒体膜流动性和复合体Ⅰ的影响[J]．生物化学与生物物理学报，1995，27(3)．
[57]田野．运动性线粒体钙聚积，细胞脂质过氧化对骨胳肌结构和机能的影响[J]．北京体育学院博士研究生学位论文，1991．
[58]曹兆丰．耗竭运动时线粒体心磷脂含量和细胞色素C氧化酶活性的改变[J]．北京医科大学学报，1991，23(6)：435-437．
[59]曹兆丰，程伯基，林克椿．运动性内源自由基对大鼠肝线粒体的影响[J]．中国应用生理学杂志，1993，9(10)：25-28．
[60]Mitchell M, et al. Serum enzyme levels and lipid peroxidation in ultramarathon runners. Ann of sports Med, 1986,3:39.
[61]陈月，许豪文．高水温条件下70分钟游泳运动对小鼠自由基代谢影响的研究[J]．南京体育学院学报，1998，12(1)：1-18．
[62]周永平，王恬．运动与自由基代谢[J]．浙江体育科学，1996，18(1)：12-15．
[63]许豪文，戴永桢，商品．运动时大学生血浆脂质过氧化物和血液抗氧化系统的变化[J]．体育科学，1992，12(4)：55．
[64]Quintaniha AT.Effects of physiol exercise and/or vitamin E on tissue oxidative metabolism. Biochemical Society transactions, 1984, 12:403-404.
[65]Kanter MM, Lesmes GR, Kaminsky LA, et al. Effect of exercise training on antioxidant enzymes and cardiotoxity of doxorubicin. J Appl. Physiol, 1985,59(4): 1298-1303.
[66]Jenkins RR, Friedland R, Howald H, et al. The relationship of oxygen uptake to superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in human muscle. International J of sports Med, 1984,5(1):11-14.
[67]Higuchi M. Superoxide dismutase and catalase in skeletal muscle: adaptive response to exer cise. Jounal of Gerontology, 1985,40: 281-286.
[68]侯香玉．运动对自由基代谢的影响—国内外的研究近况[J]．体育科学，1991，11(4)：57-59。
[69]许绍芬主编．神经生物学(第二版)[M]．上海：上海医科大学出版社。：422。
[70]邓树勋，洪泰田，曹志发主编．运动生理学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，1999，7：304．
[71]Needlman P, et al. Atriopeptins as eardiac hormones. Hypertension, 1985,87: 469.
[72]Kuco T and Baird A. Inhibition of aldosterone production in the adrenal glomerulosa by atrial natriuretic factor. Nature, 1984,312: 756.
[73]李爱华．拥挤协迫对草鱼血浆皮质醇、血糖及月于脏中抗坏血酸含量的影响[M]．水生生物学报，1997，21(4)：284．
[74]牟信兵，薜增军，李素芝，等．高原红细胞增多症患者血清IL-2，IL-6及睾酮，雌二醇的水平及意义[J]．中国病理生理杂志，2000，16(3)：236．
[75]Jin M,Wilhelm MT,Lang RE,et al. Endogenous ttssue renin-angiotmsin systems[J].Am J Med, 1988, 84(suppl,3A):28-37.
[76]Dzau VJ.Tissue renin-angiotensin system; Physiologic and pharmacologic implications. Circulation, 1988,77(Suppl, Ⅰ):1-3.
[77]中野昭一·寺尾保．疲劳和激素[J]．(日)体育科学，1982，8：563-566．
[78]徐晓阳，张爱芳，武桂新等．扶正理气中药对大强度耐力训练大鼠代谢某些指标的影响[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1998，17(3)：220-223，211．
[79]苗明三主编．实验动物和动物实验技术[M]．北京：中国中医药出版社，1997：162-175．
[80]陈奇主编．中国药理研究方法[M]．北京：中国中医药出版社，1993：951-953．
[81]郑德先，吴克复，诸建新主编．现代实验血液学研究方法与技术[M]．北京：北京医科大学与中国协和医科大学联合出版社，1994：305-306．
[82]徐淑云主编．药理实验方法[M]．北京：人发卫生出版社，1982：129-130．
[83]陈可冀，李春生主编，新编抗衰老中药学[M]．北京：人发卫生出版社，1998：135．
[84]朱忠勇主编．实用医学检验学[M]．北京：人民军医出版社，1998：348-352．
[85]邓树勋，洪泰田，曹志发主编．运动生理学[M]．北京：高等教育出版社，1999：317．
[86]沈同，王镜岩主编．生物化学(上册，第二版)[M]．北京：高等教育出版社．1990：181．
[87]任建生．长期运动训练对血液流变学的影响[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1996，15(4)：280-282．
[88]Trividi B,et al. Effect of pH on the kinetics of frog muscle phosphofructokinase[J]. J Biol Chem, 1966. 241:4110.
[89]张蕴琨，冯炜权．运动性骨胳肌损伤时的某些生化变化[J]．体育科学，1994，14(3)：72-76，84。
[90]冯美云主编．运动生物化学[M]．北京：人发体育出版社，1999：62．
[91]陈吉棣，曹国华，陈志民，等．健力宝—低热量饮料对大鼠体内脂质代谢影响的研究[J]．体育科学，1992，12(2)：49．
[92]郭世炳，匀海松，运动与氧自由基损伤[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1990，9(3)：167．
[93]方允中，陈能乾主编．医学酶学[M]．北京：人民卫生出版社，1984：238-243．
[94]杨正红．自由基与组织缺氧-复氧损伤，自由基生命科学进展(第一集)[M]．北京原子能出版社．
[95]Bulkey GB. Pathophysiology of free radical-mediated reperfusion injury[J]. J Vasc Sur, 1987, 5: 512.
[96]Thompson J Hess M.The oxygen free radical system:a fundermental mechanism in the production of myocardial necrosis[J]. Prog, Cis, 1986,28:449.
[97]赵保路．用电子自旋共振直接检测心肌再灌注产生的活性氧自由基[J]．科学通报，1989，10：781．
[98]岳平．再给氧损伤心肌线粒体膜磷脂与流动性的变化[J]．中国循环杂志，1991，6(1)：59．
[99]Chambers DJ,et al. Free rdaicals and ischemic injury;allopurinol preteratment or free radical scavengers improve myocardial protection during cardioplegic arrest and reperfusion. In Superoxide and superoxide Disonutase in chemistry, Biology and Medicine ced. Rotilio, G, J, Elsevier science publishers, Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, 1986:585-587.
[100]Del Maestro RF, et al. An Approach to free radicals in medicine and biology[J]. Acta physiol, scand (suppl.), 1980,492:153.
[101]Del Maestro RF, et al. Increase in micro vascular permability induced by enzymalically generated free radicals(I, In vivo atudly). Microvase, Res, 1981,22: 239.
[102] Werns SW, et al. Free radicals and myocardial injury; Phamacologic implications[J]. Circulation. 1986, 74:1.
[103]Kloner RA,Ellis SG, Lange R,et al. Studies of experimental coronary artery reperfusion, Effect on intact size, myocardial function, biochermistry, ultrastructure and microvascular damage, circulation, 1983,68(2Pt 2):8-15.
[104]Kaminiahi J.Increase vs,decrease of calcium uptake by isolated beart cells induced by H_2O_2 vs, HOCL[J]. Am,J, physiol, 1989,256:C598.
[105]郭世炳．运动对小鼠肌肉和肝脏中过氧脂质及还原型谷胱甘肽含量的影响[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1992，11(1)：61-62。
[106]杨维益．健脾理气法对骨胳能量谢影响的研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1994，13(1)：28-31。
[107]常波，衣雪洁，张玉玲．运动时肾脏自由基代谢与肾功能异常．四川体育科学．1997，3-4：13-16，36．
[108]郭林，吕志红，曹建民等．耐力运动对大鼠肾脏组织自由基代谢的影响[J]．体育科学，1998，18(1)：77-78，82．
[109]Appell H,J.Exercise,Muscle Damage and Fatigue[J]. Sports Midicine, 1992,13(2): 108-112.
[110]Clarkson P M. Investigation of serum Creatine Kinase Variability after Muscle Damaging Exercise[J]. Clin Sci Lond, 1988,42:257-262.
[111]Hortobagi T. Variability in Creatine kinase, Methoddogical, Exercise, and Clinically Related Factors[J]. Int J Sports Med,1989,10:69-74.
[112]Jones D A.Experimental Human Muscle Damage Morphological Changes in Relation to Other Indices of Damage[J]. J Physiol Lond, 1986,375: 435-439.
[113]Jenkins RR,et al.The relationship of oxyhgen uptake to superoxida dismutase and catalase activity in human muscle[J]. Inter,J of sports Medicine, 1984,95:11-14.
[114]Higudhi M, et al. Superoxide dismutase and catalase in skeletal muscle in exerxise[J]. J. of Geroto, 1985,87(7):23-26.
[115]Ohno H, et al. The effexts of brief physical exercise on free radical scavenging enzyme system in human red blood cell[J], Can,J,Physiol Pharmacol, 1986,64:1263-1265.
[116]Ohno H, et al. Physical training and fasting erythrocyte activity of free radical scavenging enzyme systemsin sedentary mere[J] J App, Physiol, 1988,57:173-176.
[117]Alessio HM,Cddfarb AH. Lipid peroxidation and scavenging enzymes during exercise:adapttive response to training[J].J Appl Physiol 1988,64(4):1333-1336.
[118]Linkis P, Jorgensen LG, Olesen HL. Dynamic exercise enhances regional cerebral artery meam flow velocity[J]. J Appl Physiol, 1995,78(1):12-16.
[119]Hellstrom Fischer-Colbrie W, Wahlgren NG, G, et al, Carotid artery blood flow and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity during physical exercise[J], J Appl Physiol, 1996,81:413-418.
[120]李良鸣，魏源，罗桂珍等．牛磺酸对力竭运动时大鼠脑组织自由基代谢的影响[J]．湖北三峡学院学报，2000 22(5)：82-85．
[121]Lehman, M. Overtraining in endurance athletes: Abrief review. Med. Sci, sports, Exerc, 1993,25(7): 854-862.
[122]Kirwan, J, P. Changes in Selected Blood Measure during Repeated Days of Intense Training and Car boclyrate Control[J]. Int,J,Sports, Med, 1990,22(11):262-266.
[123]冯炜权．运动性疲劳和恢复过程与运动能力研究的新进展[J]．北京体育学院学报，1993，16(2)：18。
[124]周士榜．研究运动与内分泌关系的意义[J]．体育与科学，1993，3：29-30．
[125]常芸，孙迎，陈小同等．运动心脏内分泌功能可复性的研究[J]．中国运动医学杂志，1999，18(1)：5．
[126]常芸，林福美．运动心脏实验研究Ⅰ．耐力训练后大鼠心房超微结构、心房肽免疫细胞化学及血浆心钠素含量的改变[J]．体育科学，1993，13(2)：47-50，59．