AMOLED显示屏外围驱动系统中数据转换电路的研究与设计
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摘要
有机发光显示器(OLED)是一种业界公认的最具发展前景的下一代显示技术,是当今光电显示领域的研究焦点和热点。有源OLED的驱动系统的研究,正处于发展阶段,其驱动系统理论研究部分是目前国际上OLED领域研究的热点,也是我国OLED领域前沿研究问题之一。而数模转换电路和电平转换电路又是有源OLED驱动系统中不可或缺的部分,采用专用的D/A转换芯片和电平转换芯片不仅电路面积大,集成度不高,而且很难适应OLED显示屏的自身特点。本文旨在设计能够适应OLED显示屏特点的CMOS数模转换电路和电平转换电路,具体的工作有:
1.以分辨率为64×3×80的AMOLED显示屏为研究对象,分析其工作原理,并对其外围驱动系统中的D/A转换电路和电平转换电路的工作原理及基本结构进行了研究,确定了系统的总体方案及电路的性能指标。
2.在D/A转换电路的设计中,考虑到要简化电路结构,增加电阻间的匹配精度,本文采用了带运算放大器的R-2R梯形电阻网络的基本结构,并在这种结构的基础上,根据OLED显示屏外围驱动电路的特点及需要,来改善D/A转换器的性能,分别设计了带隙基准电压源、双向开关、输入数据锁存器、模式控制电路以及运算放大电路、使能电路。
3.在电平转换电路的设计中,借鉴传统的电平转换电路驱动电压高、要求器件尺寸大等不足,本文采用了一种改进的结构,通过改进电路结构,提高了器件本身的开启速度,从而提高了电平转换电路的工作效率,并且缩小了电路的面积,节约了成本。
4.根据DAC的积分非线性误差和微分非线性误差的定义,并利用HSpice软件的函数功能,设计了一种测量上述两种误差的方法;在整个电路设计中,以HSpice作为仿真工具,对DAC各部分电路及电平转换电路进行仿真,采用理论计算与仿真验证相结合的方法得出了各部分电路中器件的最佳参数。
1、The significance of the subject
The organic electroluminesence display is considered as a plate display technique with magical displaying characteristic,which is a important issue of the organic electroluminesence display.The research for the driving system of OLED is just placed into developing position, whose the part of the driving system in theories research is one of the focus research in the international OLED research field,and which is a main problem in the developing of OLED industry in our country. The research and design on the peripheral driving system and Driving IC is the necessary and important link of the development of OLED display tehconolage.Nowadays, the driving IC for PMOLED is familiar, but for AMOLED especially for the intergration AMOLED is still infrequent.
In 2001, we began to develop the design and simulation for the driving circuitry of AMOLED, which is integrated on the substrate on the panel. We have designed the pixel driving circuit, and the parameters simulation has been done.Finally, the relevant results was announced at“Chinese Journal of Luminescence”. We present an AC pixel driving circuit and improve traditional constant current driving method, and do a lot of research on the design of the drving structure which is integrated on the substrate of the panel and using polycrystalline silicon TFT, and base on which we have developed AMOLED drive circuit board by ourselves, whose resolution ratio is 64×3×80. This driving circuit uses the integrated digital to analog conversion chip AD558 and level conversion chip IH5142. Considering to make better the practicability of AMOLED drive system and to fit in with OLED display specially characterist, we hope we can increase the intergration level of system base on this, reducing the area of drive circuit to adapt more application.
The subject is to use the CMOS digital to analog conversion circuit and the level conversion circuit in design peripheral driving system of AMOLED display. By this way, we can incresase the integration level, decrease the drive circuit board area, adapt OLED display specially characterist, and do a little contribution on our own to develop AMOLED display and its drive chip.
2、Research contents and work
In this text, it tells the design of AMOLED display peripheral driving system date convertion circuit with 64×3×80 resolution ratio. The main job is as follows:
(1) The research and design of D/A convertor
In the design of the DAC, we used the basic DAC topology with the R-2R ladder network and operational amplifier. Base on this, according to the specially characterist and requirement of the peripheral driving circuit of AMOLED, to improve the D/A convertor behavior, the following aspects[0] is researched:
First, in order to improve the D/A convertor precision, and increase its temperature stability and the antinoise ability, the design used the bandgap voltage reference. The output voltage of this voltage reference changes very little with workmanship and temperature change, so it can offer comparatively stability reference voltage.
Second, in order to improve the synchronism characteristics[0] of the inputs, reduce the burr of the output from D/A convertor, This paper uses the input data latch on the input ports of the D/A convertor to put all the signal on the input ports add to the D/A convertor synchronistically by control the pulse.
Third, the control circuit is designed in this paper. By choosing the whole D/A convertor work status, make the circuit to two work status: first, data input status; second, data keeping status.
Fourth, in order to enlarge the D/A convertor output range, base on classical operational amplifier structure, use the operational amplifier with the rail to rail input stage and the folded-cascode output buffer stage.
(2) The design of the level convertor circuit
In the design of the level convertor, this paper draws lessons from traditional level convertor circuit structure, and uses a new improvement of structure. By improving structure, it raises the open speed of the device, so it makes the efficiency of the level convertor; reduce the area of the chip and save the cost.
(3) The design of the parameter measurement
According to integral nonlinearity deviation and differential nonlinearity deviation definition, we use HSpice as a simulation tool, and propose a method of illustrating two kinds of deviation in measurement, and get the DAC nonlinearity deviation curve.
3、Conclusions
In the process of the circuit design, we use HSpice as the simulation tool, and the simulation for D/A convertor and DC-DC convertor has been done. We get the best parameters of all parts of the circuit through the method of conjoining theory calculation and simulation viryfication.
(1) The bandgap voltage reference is designed in the paper, the structure is simple and as good temperature characteristics , when it works in 20-70℃, reference changes in the output voltage is less than 0.1V.
(2) When the input of D/A changes, the output signal will deviate ideal output signal, and get peaks. An input data latch is designed to solve this problem, and it is able to eliminate the peaks effectively.
(3) Through the simulation, we can get the following message: The output range of the D/A convertor is 0.08V to 9.95V, the setup time is less than 160ns. Power is 57mw. We get the DAC nonlinearity deviation curve. By mesuremnet, its intergral nonlinearity deviation belongs to (-1.5LSB,1.5LSB),and differential non-linear deviation definitionn belongs to (-1/2LSB,1/2LSB), We also give out corresponding measurement waveform.
(4) The amplitude of input is 0~3v, and the output of the DC-DC convertor is -10v~5v. Other corresponding simulation results can be gotten in the right position in this paper.
In this paper, he deep research for AMOLED has been done. And we designed the D/A convertor for AMOLED whose resolution is 64×3×80. The D/A convertor is used in the peripheral driving circuit. The simulation using HSpice hasve been done, and we get the reasonable parameter, the design get the right output signal and achieve the expected goal. The design in this paper can meet the requirement of the driving system of AMOLED, whose resolution is 64×3×80.
1.以分辨率为64×3×80的AMOLED显示屏为研究对象,分析其工作原理,并对其外围驱动系统中的D/A转换电路和电平转换电路的工作原理及基本结构进行了研究,确定了系统的总体方案及电路的性能指标。
2.在D/A转换电路的设计中,考虑到要简化电路结构,增加电阻间的匹配精度,本文采用了带运算放大器的R-2R梯形电阻网络的基本结构,并在这种结构的基础上,根据OLED显示屏外围驱动电路的特点及需要,来改善D/A转换器的性能,分别设计了带隙基准电压源、双向开关、输入数据锁存器、模式控制电路以及运算放大电路、使能电路。
3.在电平转换电路的设计中,借鉴传统的电平转换电路驱动电压高、要求器件尺寸大等不足,本文采用了一种改进的结构,通过改进电路结构,提高了器件本身的开启速度,从而提高了电平转换电路的工作效率,并且缩小了电路的面积,节约了成本。
4.根据DAC的积分非线性误差和微分非线性误差的定义,并利用HSpice软件的函数功能,设计了一种测量上述两种误差的方法;在整个电路设计中,以HSpice作为仿真工具,对DAC各部分电路及电平转换电路进行仿真,采用理论计算与仿真验证相结合的方法得出了各部分电路中器件的最佳参数。
1、The significance of the subject
The organic electroluminesence display is considered as a plate display technique with magical displaying characteristic,which is a important issue of the organic electroluminesence display.The research for the driving system of OLED is just placed into developing position, whose the part of the driving system in theories research is one of the focus research in the international OLED research field,and which is a main problem in the developing of OLED industry in our country. The research and design on the peripheral driving system and Driving IC is the necessary and important link of the development of OLED display tehconolage.Nowadays, the driving IC for PMOLED is familiar, but for AMOLED especially for the intergration AMOLED is still infrequent.
In 2001, we began to develop the design and simulation for the driving circuitry of AMOLED, which is integrated on the substrate on the panel. We have designed the pixel driving circuit, and the parameters simulation has been done.Finally, the relevant results was announced at“Chinese Journal of Luminescence”. We present an AC pixel driving circuit and improve traditional constant current driving method, and do a lot of research on the design of the drving structure which is integrated on the substrate of the panel and using polycrystalline silicon TFT, and base on which we have developed AMOLED drive circuit board by ourselves, whose resolution ratio is 64×3×80. This driving circuit uses the integrated digital to analog conversion chip AD558 and level conversion chip IH5142. Considering to make better the practicability of AMOLED drive system and to fit in with OLED display specially characterist, we hope we can increase the intergration level of system base on this, reducing the area of drive circuit to adapt more application.
The subject is to use the CMOS digital to analog conversion circuit and the level conversion circuit in design peripheral driving system of AMOLED display. By this way, we can incresase the integration level, decrease the drive circuit board area, adapt OLED display specially characterist, and do a little contribution on our own to develop AMOLED display and its drive chip.
2、Research contents and work
In this text, it tells the design of AMOLED display peripheral driving system date convertion circuit with 64×3×80 resolution ratio. The main job is as follows:
(1) The research and design of D/A convertor
In the design of the DAC, we used the basic DAC topology with the R-2R ladder network and operational amplifier. Base on this, according to the specially characterist and requirement of the peripheral driving circuit of AMOLED, to improve the D/A convertor behavior, the following aspects[0] is researched:
First, in order to improve the D/A convertor precision, and increase its temperature stability and the antinoise ability, the design used the bandgap voltage reference. The output voltage of this voltage reference changes very little with workmanship and temperature change, so it can offer comparatively stability reference voltage.
Second, in order to improve the synchronism characteristics[0] of the inputs, reduce the burr of the output from D/A convertor, This paper uses the input data latch on the input ports of the D/A convertor to put all the signal on the input ports add to the D/A convertor synchronistically by control the pulse.
Third, the control circuit is designed in this paper. By choosing the whole D/A convertor work status, make the circuit to two work status: first, data input status; second, data keeping status.
Fourth, in order to enlarge the D/A convertor output range, base on classical operational amplifier structure, use the operational amplifier with the rail to rail input stage and the folded-cascode output buffer stage.
(2) The design of the level convertor circuit
In the design of the level convertor, this paper draws lessons from traditional level convertor circuit structure, and uses a new improvement of structure. By improving structure, it raises the open speed of the device, so it makes the efficiency of the level convertor; reduce the area of the chip and save the cost.
(3) The design of the parameter measurement
According to integral nonlinearity deviation and differential nonlinearity deviation definition, we use HSpice as a simulation tool, and propose a method of illustrating two kinds of deviation in measurement, and get the DAC nonlinearity deviation curve.
3、Conclusions
In the process of the circuit design, we use HSpice as the simulation tool, and the simulation for D/A convertor and DC-DC convertor has been done. We get the best parameters of all parts of the circuit through the method of conjoining theory calculation and simulation viryfication.
(1) The bandgap voltage reference is designed in the paper, the structure is simple and as good temperature characteristics , when it works in 20-70℃, reference changes in the output voltage is less than 0.1V.
(2) When the input of D/A changes, the output signal will deviate ideal output signal, and get peaks. An input data latch is designed to solve this problem, and it is able to eliminate the peaks effectively.
(3) Through the simulation, we can get the following message: The output range of the D/A convertor is 0.08V to 9.95V, the setup time is less than 160ns. Power is 57mw. We get the DAC nonlinearity deviation curve. By mesuremnet, its intergral nonlinearity deviation belongs to (-1.5LSB,1.5LSB),and differential non-linear deviation definitionn belongs to (-1/2LSB,1/2LSB), We also give out corresponding measurement waveform.
(4) The amplitude of input is 0~3v, and the output of the DC-DC convertor is -10v~5v. Other corresponding simulation results can be gotten in the right position in this paper.
In this paper, he deep research for AMOLED has been done. And we designed the D/A convertor for AMOLED whose resolution is 64×3×80. The D/A convertor is used in the peripheral driving circuit. The simulation using HSpice hasve been done, and we get the reasonable parameter, the design get the right output signal and achieve the expected goal. The design in this paper can meet the requirement of the driving system of AMOLED, whose resolution is 64×3×80.
引文
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[3] 丁守谦,亚洲显示技术概况及展望[J],光电子技术,2000,20(2):79~83。
[4] 朱昌昌,千年之交的平板显示技术和市场[J],光电子技术,2000,20(3):158~164。
[5] 杨小慧,平板显示器的最新进展[J],光电子技术,2004,24(1):73~77。
[6] M.R.Vincen , An analysis of direct-view FPDs for automotive multi-media applications,Vehicle Displays and Microsensors,99,39(1999)。
[7] R.De.Jule,Directions in flat-panel displays,Semiconductor International,Vol.22,NO.8,75(1999)。
[8] P.S.Vincett,W.A. Barlow,R.A.Hann and G.G. Roberts,Electrical Conduction and low voltage blue electroluminescence in vacuum-deposited organic films,Thin Solid Films,1982,94(2):171~183。
[9] S.A.Vanslyke,C.W.Tang,U.S.Patent-4,1985:439~507。
[10] Hattori Reiji,Tsukamizy T,Tsuchiya R,et al. Current-Writing Active-Matrix Circuit for Organic Light-Emitting Diode Display Using a-Si Thin Film Transistors,IEICE Trans. Electron. 2000,E83-C(5):779~782。
[11] 朱旭明,黄元,有机发光二极管诱人的应用前景·OLED 显示技术之三,电视技术,2000,87。
[12] 光电与激光网(http://www.plnmag.com/tech/)
[13] OLED 中国网(http://www.olight.com.cn)
[14] C.W. Tang,U.S.Patent-4,1982,94,476。
[15] Tang.C.W,VanSlyke.S.A,Organic electroluminescent diodes[J],Appl,Phys,Let,1987,51(12):913~915。
[16] 李震梅,董传岱,新型平板显示技术——OLED[J],电视技术,2003,1,50~52。
[17] 张崇君,有源 OLED 的发展前景及分析[J],现代显示(Advanced Display),2003(33):8~13。
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