DVB-T编码调制的仿真和FPGA实现
摘要
随着超大规模集成电路技术和通信技术的发展,数字电视技术迅速发展起来。数字地面电视作为数字电视广播中最复杂的一个,具有在无线和移动条件下接收的能力,在我国有着广阔的应用前景。
近几年来,随着微电子技术的迅猛发展,使得FPGA的各种性能越来越好,其在数字系统设计中占据了越来越重要的地位。考虑到系统成本、功耗和面市时间等因素,FPGA的发展为许多通信、音频、视频和图像系统提供了全新的解决方案。基于FPGA的系统解决方案在性价比和可移植性方面的优点使其有着广阔的发展前景。
本文所做的工作是基于DVB-T标准的研究和FPGA设计,DVB-T是欧洲电信标准委员会提出的数字地面电视广播标准。本文首先介绍了DVB-T发射端的整体实现框图,重点分析了DVB-T标准中所用到的信道编码调制技术,说明了DVB-T系统的结构流程、核心技术及系统信道特性和参数。其次在MATLAB软件平台下仿真实现了高斯信道、莱斯信道的系统模型,深入研究了DVB-T系统在各种信道环境下的传输性能,全面分析了系统的优缺点。最后完成了DVB-T系统中信道编码调制各模块的FPGA设计与仿真验证,包括数据加扰,RS编码,外交织,卷积编码,比特交织,符号交织等子模块。通过仿真分析,可以看到各模块功能和性能都满足设计要求。
With the development of VLSI technology and communication technology, the Digital TV technology develops rapidly. As one of the most complicated technology of digital video broadcasting, digital terrestrial video broadcasting can be used in wireless and mobile situation and will be used generally in China.
In recent years, with the rapid development of micro-electronics technology, performance of FPGA gets better and better. So FPGA has become more and more important in digital system design. Development of FPGA provides new resolutions of many communication, audio, video and imaging systems when considering of cost, system power consumption and time to market. Cost performance and portability of the system resolution based on FPGA make FPGA have broad prospects.
The research on FPGA design in the paper is based on DVB-T standard. DVB-T is brought forward by ESTI. At firstly, thesis gives the structure chart of transmitter in the DVB-T system and researches the different kinds of channel coding and modulation in the system particularly. It analyzes the system structure and system flow, the core techniques, the channel characteristic and parameters of DVB-T system. Then, does the simulation of DVB-T system with Gauss and Ricean channel under the MATLAB software environment. Analyzes and simulates the transmission of the system in all kinds of complex channel conditions and lucubrate the advantages and disadvantages of the system. At last, the FPGA design and simulation of the channel coding and modulation of DVB-T system has been completed using VHDL, including energy dispersal, outer coding, outer interleaving, inner coding, inner interleaving, etc. The simulation and validation prove that the modules are designed successfully and can work efficiently.
近几年来,随着微电子技术的迅猛发展,使得FPGA的各种性能越来越好,其在数字系统设计中占据了越来越重要的地位。考虑到系统成本、功耗和面市时间等因素,FPGA的发展为许多通信、音频、视频和图像系统提供了全新的解决方案。基于FPGA的系统解决方案在性价比和可移植性方面的优点使其有着广阔的发展前景。
本文所做的工作是基于DVB-T标准的研究和FPGA设计,DVB-T是欧洲电信标准委员会提出的数字地面电视广播标准。本文首先介绍了DVB-T发射端的整体实现框图,重点分析了DVB-T标准中所用到的信道编码调制技术,说明了DVB-T系统的结构流程、核心技术及系统信道特性和参数。其次在MATLAB软件平台下仿真实现了高斯信道、莱斯信道的系统模型,深入研究了DVB-T系统在各种信道环境下的传输性能,全面分析了系统的优缺点。最后完成了DVB-T系统中信道编码调制各模块的FPGA设计与仿真验证,包括数据加扰,RS编码,外交织,卷积编码,比特交织,符号交织等子模块。通过仿真分析,可以看到各模块功能和性能都满足设计要求。
With the development of VLSI technology and communication technology, the Digital TV technology develops rapidly. As one of the most complicated technology of digital video broadcasting, digital terrestrial video broadcasting can be used in wireless and mobile situation and will be used generally in China.
In recent years, with the rapid development of micro-electronics technology, performance of FPGA gets better and better. So FPGA has become more and more important in digital system design. Development of FPGA provides new resolutions of many communication, audio, video and imaging systems when considering of cost, system power consumption and time to market. Cost performance and portability of the system resolution based on FPGA make FPGA have broad prospects.
The research on FPGA design in the paper is based on DVB-T standard. DVB-T is brought forward by ESTI. At firstly, thesis gives the structure chart of transmitter in the DVB-T system and researches the different kinds of channel coding and modulation in the system particularly. It analyzes the system structure and system flow, the core techniques, the channel characteristic and parameters of DVB-T system. Then, does the simulation of DVB-T system with Gauss and Ricean channel under the MATLAB software environment. Analyzes and simulates the transmission of the system in all kinds of complex channel conditions and lucubrate the advantages and disadvantages of the system. At last, the FPGA design and simulation of the channel coding and modulation of DVB-T system has been completed using VHDL, including energy dispersal, outer coding, outer interleaving, inner coding, inner interleaving, etc. The simulation and validation prove that the modules are designed successfully and can work efficiently.
引文
[1]孙景琪,孙京.数字视频技术及应用.第1版.北京:北京工业大学出版社,2006
[2]赵坚勇.电视原理与接收技术.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2007
[3]余兆明,余智.数字电视传输与组网.第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[4]赵坚勇.数字电视技术.第1版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005
[5]李琛杜,明辉.DVB-T发展概况.电视技术.2003(10):9-11
[6]闫鸿阁,钱岳林.ATSC与DVB-T数字电视地面广播特性比较.广播与数字电视技术.2001(5):53-64
[7]彭丹丹,邹志永,王匡.ISDB-T系统传输方案及其与DVB-T系统的比较.无线电工程.2003(8):56-58
[8]李伟章.数字电视和数字电视标准.中国新通信(技术版).2007(3):78-80
[9]ETSI.Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);Framing Structure,Channel Coding and Modulation for Digital Terrestrial Television.EN 300 744 V1.5.1,2004,
[10]李建光.DVB-T的关键技术参数及选用思路.广播与电视技术.2006(5):55-57
[11]Theodore S.Rappaport.Wireless Communications Principles and Practice.Second Edition.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2006
[12]汪裕民.OFDM关键技术与应用.第1版.北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[13]彭木根,王文博.下一代宽带无线通信系统OFDM & WIMAX.第1版.北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[14]谭泽富,聂翔飞,王海宝.OFDM的关键技术和应用.第1版.成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005
[15]孙屹,吴磊.Simulink通信仿真开发手册.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2004
[16]包涛,张会生,许哲,吴倩倩.正交频分复用技术在地面数字视频广播中的应用.无线通信技术.2007(4):49-52
[17]John G.Proakis.Digital Communications.Fourth Edition.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2006
[18]杨晖,徐元欣,赵小祥,王匡.DVB-T/H移动接收的信道估计和ICI消除.电视技术.2005(8):28-30
[19]吴王华,刘志,周晓方.一种适用于DVB-T系统的信道估计算法.微电子学与计算机.2007(8):56-58
[20]裴建杰.DVB-T数字电视地面广播之移动接收.广播与电视技术.2004(9):95-97
[21]王剑,杨行知,潘长勇.DVB-T在移动接收中的问题与对策.电视技术.2004(2): 4-6
[22]任爱锋,初秀琴,常存,孙肖子.基于FPGA的嵌入式系统设计.第1版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004
[23]陈伟.DVB-T调制器外码编码器的FPGA设计.中国有线电视.2006(22):1-3
[24]李冬梅,张申科.基于FPGA的DVB-T信道内编码和内交织的设计和实现.中国有线电视.2006(7):68-70
[25]王世一.数字信号处理.第2版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2000
[26]张海滨.正交频分复用的基本原理与关键技术.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[27]余涛,于鸿洋.基于FPGA的DVB-T发射机中OFDM调制的实现.中国有线电视.2006(24):36-39
[28]李旭,蒲昱初,徐火生.基于IPCore的FFT处理器的设计与实现.舰船电子工程.2007(2):121-123
[29]宋文妙,范寒柏,谢志远,鄂秀焕.BCH纠错码在FPGA上的实现.无线电通信技术.2001(1):62-64
[30]吴继华,王诚.Altera FPGA/CPLD设计.第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005
[2]赵坚勇.电视原理与接收技术.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2007
[3]余兆明,余智.数字电视传输与组网.第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2003
[4]赵坚勇.数字电视技术.第1版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005
[5]李琛杜,明辉.DVB-T发展概况.电视技术.2003(10):9-11
[6]闫鸿阁,钱岳林.ATSC与DVB-T数字电视地面广播特性比较.广播与数字电视技术.2001(5):53-64
[7]彭丹丹,邹志永,王匡.ISDB-T系统传输方案及其与DVB-T系统的比较.无线电工程.2003(8):56-58
[8]李伟章.数字电视和数字电视标准.中国新通信(技术版).2007(3):78-80
[9]ETSI.Digital Video Broadcasting(DVB);Framing Structure,Channel Coding and Modulation for Digital Terrestrial Television.EN 300 744 V1.5.1,2004,
[10]李建光.DVB-T的关键技术参数及选用思路.广播与电视技术.2006(5):55-57
[11]Theodore S.Rappaport.Wireless Communications Principles and Practice.Second Edition.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2006
[12]汪裕民.OFDM关键技术与应用.第1版.北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[13]彭木根,王文博.下一代宽带无线通信系统OFDM & WIMAX.第1版.北京:机械工业出版社,2007
[14]谭泽富,聂翔飞,王海宝.OFDM的关键技术和应用.第1版.成都:西南交通大学出版社,2005
[15]孙屹,吴磊.Simulink通信仿真开发手册.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2004
[16]包涛,张会生,许哲,吴倩倩.正交频分复用技术在地面数字视频广播中的应用.无线通信技术.2007(4):49-52
[17]John G.Proakis.Digital Communications.Fourth Edition.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2006
[18]杨晖,徐元欣,赵小祥,王匡.DVB-T/H移动接收的信道估计和ICI消除.电视技术.2005(8):28-30
[19]吴王华,刘志,周晓方.一种适用于DVB-T系统的信道估计算法.微电子学与计算机.2007(8):56-58
[20]裴建杰.DVB-T数字电视地面广播之移动接收.广播与电视技术.2004(9):95-97
[21]王剑,杨行知,潘长勇.DVB-T在移动接收中的问题与对策.电视技术.2004(2): 4-6
[22]任爱锋,初秀琴,常存,孙肖子.基于FPGA的嵌入式系统设计.第1版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004
[23]陈伟.DVB-T调制器外码编码器的FPGA设计.中国有线电视.2006(22):1-3
[24]李冬梅,张申科.基于FPGA的DVB-T信道内编码和内交织的设计和实现.中国有线电视.2006(7):68-70
[25]王世一.数字信号处理.第2版.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2000
[26]张海滨.正交频分复用的基本原理与关键技术.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
[27]余涛,于鸿洋.基于FPGA的DVB-T发射机中OFDM调制的实现.中国有线电视.2006(24):36-39
[28]李旭,蒲昱初,徐火生.基于IPCore的FFT处理器的设计与实现.舰船电子工程.2007(2):121-123
[29]宋文妙,范寒柏,谢志远,鄂秀焕.BCH纠错码在FPGA上的实现.无线电通信技术.2001(1):62-64
[30]吴继华,王诚.Altera FPGA/CPLD设计.第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005