基于SOA的企业服务总线研究与实现
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摘要
管理信息系统(Management Information System, MIS)经过不断的发展,极大的方便了部署这些应用的企业提高工作效率、服务水平,同时优化了企业内部的资源,使得企业提高了自身的竞争力。但是,随着应用系统的增加,各个应用系统之间需要的数据互操作愈来愈多,系统之间的关系愈来愈复杂,而且企业计算环境通常是异构分布式计算环境,这造成了整个企业的管理信息系统的维护成本增加、应对复杂多变的应用需求滞后、各个应用系统之间的耦合性强、鲁棒性差等缺点。因此,解决这些问题有助于发挥管理信息系统在企业运营过程的重要作用。本文给出的基于面向服务的体系架构(Service-Oriented Architecture, SOA)的企业服务总线技术提供了一种解决这些问题的途径。
本文通过深入分析传统的管理信息系统优势与不足,将Web服务(Web Service, WS)技术、SOA技术与软件总线技术引入到企业应用集成(Enterprise Application Integration, EAI)领域,提出了一种基于SOA的企业服务总线模型ESB-SOA。文章对该模型的关键部分(核心服务、传输适配、服务适配)的研究与实现做了详细讨论。在核心服务方面,通过扩展简单对象访问协议(Simple Object Access Protocol, SOAP)实现有状态的Web服务,然后讨论了基于角色的访问控制与基于USBKey盘的SOAP消息的数字签名与加密的实现、基于分级的日志处理模型的实现;在传输适配方面,实现了基于优先级和基于规则的消息转发机制,实现了基于HTTP请求/响应模型的传输适配器;在服务适配方面,讨论了两种服务的封装机制:运行时封装机制与工厂方法封装机制,结合这两种机制并对服务适配器做了实现。最后在ESB-SOA的基础上讨论了“医疗保险信息代理系统”与“医疗保险管理信息系统”的集成,并对ESB-SOA的性能进行了评估。
With the considerable development of management information system (MIS), enterprises that have deployed these application systems are increasing their productivities, improving their qualities of services, and optimizing their internal resources, as a whole, are gaining more competitive advantages. But the increases of application systems are also causing that data interoperations between them was more and more than before, the relationships between them more complex, and these systems being deployed in non homogeneous distributed computing environment. All these aspects are causing the maintenance costs of application systems too much high, the enterprises slowly meeting requirements of customers, and the couplings between systems too much strong. On the contrary, the robustness between these systems becomes too weak. So to resolve these problems means that the MISs can express the more advantages during the operations. The article introduces a solution to deal with these problems by using enterprise service bus techniques based on service-oriented architecture (SOA).
By analyzing advantages and disadvantages of traditional MISs, the article introduces the techniques of web services, SOA, and software bus into the domain of enterprise application integration (EAI), and proposes an architecture model called enterprise service bus based on SOA(ESB-SOA). The article analyzes and implements the key parts: core service; transport adaptering, service adaptering. On core service, we implement an access control strategy based on role, digital signature and encryption/decryption of SOAP message by using USBKey hardware, stateful web service through extending simple object access protocol (SOAP), and a kind of log management based on rank. On transport adaptering, we implement mechanisms for priority-based transmitting and rules-based transmitting, and implement a transport adapter based on HTTP request/response model. Finally, on service adaptering, we discuss two service wrapper mechanisms: runtime wrapper mechanism and factory method wrapper mechanism, which can be used to encapsulate difference of various web service containers, and implement a service adapter. In the end, we discuss the issue about how to integrate Medicare Insurance Information Brokering System into Medicare Insurance Management Information System with ESB-SOA and how to evaluate ESB-SOA.
本文通过深入分析传统的管理信息系统优势与不足,将Web服务(Web Service, WS)技术、SOA技术与软件总线技术引入到企业应用集成(Enterprise Application Integration, EAI)领域,提出了一种基于SOA的企业服务总线模型ESB-SOA。文章对该模型的关键部分(核心服务、传输适配、服务适配)的研究与实现做了详细讨论。在核心服务方面,通过扩展简单对象访问协议(Simple Object Access Protocol, SOAP)实现有状态的Web服务,然后讨论了基于角色的访问控制与基于USBKey盘的SOAP消息的数字签名与加密的实现、基于分级的日志处理模型的实现;在传输适配方面,实现了基于优先级和基于规则的消息转发机制,实现了基于HTTP请求/响应模型的传输适配器;在服务适配方面,讨论了两种服务的封装机制:运行时封装机制与工厂方法封装机制,结合这两种机制并对服务适配器做了实现。最后在ESB-SOA的基础上讨论了“医疗保险信息代理系统”与“医疗保险管理信息系统”的集成,并对ESB-SOA的性能进行了评估。
With the considerable development of management information system (MIS), enterprises that have deployed these application systems are increasing their productivities, improving their qualities of services, and optimizing their internal resources, as a whole, are gaining more competitive advantages. But the increases of application systems are also causing that data interoperations between them was more and more than before, the relationships between them more complex, and these systems being deployed in non homogeneous distributed computing environment. All these aspects are causing the maintenance costs of application systems too much high, the enterprises slowly meeting requirements of customers, and the couplings between systems too much strong. On the contrary, the robustness between these systems becomes too weak. So to resolve these problems means that the MISs can express the more advantages during the operations. The article introduces a solution to deal with these problems by using enterprise service bus techniques based on service-oriented architecture (SOA).
By analyzing advantages and disadvantages of traditional MISs, the article introduces the techniques of web services, SOA, and software bus into the domain of enterprise application integration (EAI), and proposes an architecture model called enterprise service bus based on SOA(ESB-SOA). The article analyzes and implements the key parts: core service; transport adaptering, service adaptering. On core service, we implement an access control strategy based on role, digital signature and encryption/decryption of SOAP message by using USBKey hardware, stateful web service through extending simple object access protocol (SOAP), and a kind of log management based on rank. On transport adaptering, we implement mechanisms for priority-based transmitting and rules-based transmitting, and implement a transport adapter based on HTTP request/response model. Finally, on service adaptering, we discuss two service wrapper mechanisms: runtime wrapper mechanism and factory method wrapper mechanism, which can be used to encapsulate difference of various web service containers, and implement a service adapter. In the end, we discuss the issue about how to integrate Medicare Insurance Information Brokering System into Medicare Insurance Management Information System with ESB-SOA and how to evaluate ESB-SOA.
引文
[1] W3C. SOAP Version 1.2 Part 0: Primer [EB/OL]. 2003.06. http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part0/
[2] W3C. SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework [EB/OL]. 2003.06. http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/
[3] W3C. SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts [EB/OL]. 2003.06. http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part2/
[4] W3C. Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1[EB/OL]. 2001.03. http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[5] Tsur S. Are Web services the next revolution in E-Commerce? Proceedings of the 27th VLDB Conference. Roma. 2001
[6] W3C. Web Services Activity. http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/
[7] Burstein MH, Hobbs JR, and Lassila O, et al. DAML-S: Web service description for the semantic Web. In: Horrocks, ed. Proc. of the Int’l Semantic Web Conf. Sardinia: Springer-Verlag, 2002. 348-363.
[8] Narayanan S, McIlraith SA. Simulation, verification and automated composition of Web services. In: Proc. of the 11th Int’l World Wide Web Conf. WWW2002. Honolulu: ACM, 2002. 77-88.
[9] W3C. Semantic Web. http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/
[10]Globus OGSA Home Page. http://www.globus.org/ogsa/
[11]Ghandeharizadeh S, Sommers F, Joisher K, Alwagait E. A document as a Web service: Two complementary frameworks. In: Chaudhri A, eds. Proc. of the XML-Based Data Management and Multimedia Engineering-EDBT 2002 Workshops. Prague: Springer-Verlag, 2002. 450-461.
[12]Bob Atkinson, Giovanni Della-Libera, Satoshi Hada, et al. Web Services Security (WS-Security) Version1. 0. 05[EB/OL], 2002.04, http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-secure/
[13]Microsoft Corporation. Web Services Routing Protocol (WS-Routing) [EB/OL]. 2001.10. http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/default.aspx?pull=/library/en-us/dnglobspec/html/ws-routing.asp
[14]IBM. Web Services Flow Language (WSFL 1.0)[EB/OL]. 2001.05. http://www-306.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/WSFL.pdf
[15]Francisco Curbera, Yaron Goland, Johannes Klein, et al. Business Process Execution Language for Web Services Version 1.0[EB/OL]. 2002.08. http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnbizspec/html/bpel1-1.asp
[16]W3C. XML Encryption Syntax and Processing. 2001.06. http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-xmlenc-core-20010626/
[17]W3C. XML-Signature Syntax and Processing. 2001.08. http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/PR-xmldsig-core-20010820/
[18]OASIS. Business Transaction Protocol Version 1.0.9.4[EB/OL]. 2004.10. http://docs.oasis-open.org/business_transaction/
[19]Luis Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland, William Cox, et al. Web Services Atomic Transaction (WS-AtomicTransaction) [EB/OL]. 2003.09. http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/10/at
[20]Luis Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland, Max Feingold, et al.Web Services Business Activity Framework (WS-BusinessActivity) Version 1.0[EB/OL]. 2005.08
[21]Luis Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland, Max Feingold, et al.Web Services Coordination (WS-Coordination) Version 1.0[EB/OL]. 2005.08. http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/10/coord
[22]K. W. Lee, H. J. Kim. Consistency preserving in transaction processingon the Web. Web Information Systems Engineering. USA: IEEE. 2000.06, 190-195
[23]Stan Kleijnen, Srikanth Raju. An Open Web Services Architecture. Queue. 2003.03. 1(1):38-46
[24]Wei Ma, Vladimir Tosic, Babak Esfandiari, et al. Extending Apache Axis for Monitoring of Web Service Offerings. Proceedings of the IEEE EEE05 international workshop on Business services networks. ACM. 2005.03
[25]Dirk Beyer, Arindam Chakrabarti, Thomas A. Henzinger. Web service interfaces. Proceedings of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web. ACM. 2005.03. 148-159
[26]Jeffrey Gortmaker, Marijn Janssen, Rene W. Wagenaar. The advantages of web service orchestration in perspective. Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Electronic commerce. ACM. 2004.03. 506-515
[27]Liliana Ardissono, Davide Cardinio, Giovanna Petrone, et al. A framework for the server-side management of conversations with web services. Proceedings of the 13th international World Wide Web conference on Alternate track papers & posters. ACM. 2004.03
[28]P. A. Bonatti, P. Festa. On optimal service selection. Proceedings of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web. ACM. 2005.05
[29]Wolfgang Hoschek. The Web Service Discovery Architecture. Proceedings of the 2002 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing. IEEE Computer Society Press. 2002.11. 1-15
[30]Fremantle, P., Weerawarana, S. and Khalaf, R. Enterprise services. Communications of the ACM, 2002.10. 45 (10). 77-82
[31]唐飞龙,李明禄,曹健. 一个 Web 服务事务处理模型:结构、算法和事务补偿. 电子学报, 2003.12, 31(12A):2074-2078
[32]石双元,陈琦. 事务处理协议及其在 Web Services 中的应用分析. 管理学报. 2005.09. 2(增II):70-73
[33]袁占亭,张秋余,翟志万. 基于软件总线技术的软件工程方法. 计算机工程与应用. 2003(15):137-139
[34]张秋余,袁占亭,张冬冬等. 基于分布式软件总线的软构件开发技术的研究. 兰州理工大学学报. 2005.02. 31(1):93-96
[35]徐正权,潘晓波. 基于 Adapter 的软件总线体系结构. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版). 2005.05. 33(5): 10-12
[36]Steve Graham, 用 JAVA 构建 Web 服务. 刘晓辉,麦中凡,吕庆中等译. 机械工业出版社. 2003.01
[37]陈启祥,杨军. 面向服务的软件架构 SOA 及其支撑技术的研究. 湖北工业大学学报. 2005.08. 20(4):38-41
[38]岳昆,王晓玲,周傲英. Web 服务核心支撑技术:研究综述. 软件学报. 2004. 15(03):428-442
[39]芮雄健,王忠民. UDDI 的原理与实现. 计算机工程与设计. 2005.06. 26(6):1602-1605
[40]吴建斌,吴家铸,王芳等. Web Services 平台体系结构的研究. 计算机工程与科学. 2005. 27(10):22-27
[41]赵劼, 官荷卿, 陈宁江. Web 应用服务器中 Web Service 引擎的设计与实现. 计算机工程与设计. 2005.02. 26(2):285-287
[42]马晓轩,林学练. Web 服务性能优化的研究. 计算机工程与应用. 20005.08. 19-22
[43]朱兴亮. 基于 Web Service 的电子商务的安全机制研究及实践:[硕士学位论文]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2004
[44]王兵. 基于面向服务架构的应用系统开发与集成研究:[硕士学位论文]. 成都: 四川大学, 2005
[45]薛贵友. SOAP 有状态/无状态分析及有状态实现. 天津理工学院学报. 2002.06. 18(2):61-64
[46]尹瑞,葛声,马殿富. Web 服务事务处理系统的研究与实现. 北京航空航天大学学报. 2005.04. 31(4):339-442
[2] W3C. SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework [EB/OL]. 2003.06. http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/
[3] W3C. SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts [EB/OL]. 2003.06. http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part2/
[4] W3C. Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1[EB/OL]. 2001.03. http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl
[5] Tsur S. Are Web services the next revolution in E-Commerce? Proceedings of the 27th VLDB Conference. Roma. 2001
[6] W3C. Web Services Activity. http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/
[7] Burstein MH, Hobbs JR, and Lassila O, et al. DAML-S: Web service description for the semantic Web. In: Horrocks, ed. Proc. of the Int’l Semantic Web Conf. Sardinia: Springer-Verlag, 2002. 348-363.
[8] Narayanan S, McIlraith SA. Simulation, verification and automated composition of Web services. In: Proc. of the 11th Int’l World Wide Web Conf. WWW2002. Honolulu: ACM, 2002. 77-88.
[9] W3C. Semantic Web. http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/
[10]Globus OGSA Home Page. http://www.globus.org/ogsa/
[11]Ghandeharizadeh S, Sommers F, Joisher K, Alwagait E. A document as a Web service: Two complementary frameworks. In: Chaudhri A, eds. Proc. of the XML-Based Data Management and Multimedia Engineering-EDBT 2002 Workshops. Prague: Springer-Verlag, 2002. 450-461.
[12]Bob Atkinson, Giovanni Della-Libera, Satoshi Hada, et al. Web Services Security (WS-Security) Version1. 0. 05[EB/OL], 2002.04, http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-secure/
[13]Microsoft Corporation. Web Services Routing Protocol (WS-Routing) [EB/OL]. 2001.10. http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/default.aspx?pull=/library/en-us/dnglobspec/html/ws-routing.asp
[14]IBM. Web Services Flow Language (WSFL 1.0)[EB/OL]. 2001.05. http://www-306.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/WSFL.pdf
[15]Francisco Curbera, Yaron Goland, Johannes Klein, et al. Business Process Execution Language for Web Services Version 1.0[EB/OL]. 2002.08. http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnbizspec/html/bpel1-1.asp
[16]W3C. XML Encryption Syntax and Processing. 2001.06. http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-xmlenc-core-20010626/
[17]W3C. XML-Signature Syntax and Processing. 2001.08. http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/PR-xmldsig-core-20010820/
[18]OASIS. Business Transaction Protocol Version 1.0.9.4[EB/OL]. 2004.10. http://docs.oasis-open.org/business_transaction/
[19]Luis Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland, William Cox, et al. Web Services Atomic Transaction (WS-AtomicTransaction) [EB/OL]. 2003.09. http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/10/at
[20]Luis Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland, Max Feingold, et al.Web Services Business Activity Framework (WS-BusinessActivity) Version 1.0[EB/OL]. 2005.08
[21]Luis Felipe Cabrera, George Copeland, Max Feingold, et al.Web Services Coordination (WS-Coordination) Version 1.0[EB/OL]. 2005.08. http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/10/coord
[22]K. W. Lee, H. J. Kim. Consistency preserving in transaction processingon the Web. Web Information Systems Engineering. USA: IEEE. 2000.06, 190-195
[23]Stan Kleijnen, Srikanth Raju. An Open Web Services Architecture. Queue. 2003.03. 1(1):38-46
[24]Wei Ma, Vladimir Tosic, Babak Esfandiari, et al. Extending Apache Axis for Monitoring of Web Service Offerings. Proceedings of the IEEE EEE05 international workshop on Business services networks. ACM. 2005.03
[25]Dirk Beyer, Arindam Chakrabarti, Thomas A. Henzinger. Web service interfaces. Proceedings of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web. ACM. 2005.03. 148-159
[26]Jeffrey Gortmaker, Marijn Janssen, Rene W. Wagenaar. The advantages of web service orchestration in perspective. Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Electronic commerce. ACM. 2004.03. 506-515
[27]Liliana Ardissono, Davide Cardinio, Giovanna Petrone, et al. A framework for the server-side management of conversations with web services. Proceedings of the 13th international World Wide Web conference on Alternate track papers & posters. ACM. 2004.03
[28]P. A. Bonatti, P. Festa. On optimal service selection. Proceedings of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web. ACM. 2005.05
[29]Wolfgang Hoschek. The Web Service Discovery Architecture. Proceedings of the 2002 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing. IEEE Computer Society Press. 2002.11. 1-15
[30]Fremantle, P., Weerawarana, S. and Khalaf, R. Enterprise services. Communications of the ACM, 2002.10. 45 (10). 77-82
[31]唐飞龙,李明禄,曹健. 一个 Web 服务事务处理模型:结构、算法和事务补偿. 电子学报, 2003.12, 31(12A):2074-2078
[32]石双元,陈琦. 事务处理协议及其在 Web Services 中的应用分析. 管理学报. 2005.09. 2(增II):70-73
[33]袁占亭,张秋余,翟志万. 基于软件总线技术的软件工程方法. 计算机工程与应用. 2003(15):137-139
[34]张秋余,袁占亭,张冬冬等. 基于分布式软件总线的软构件开发技术的研究. 兰州理工大学学报. 2005.02. 31(1):93-96
[35]徐正权,潘晓波. 基于 Adapter 的软件总线体系结构. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版). 2005.05. 33(5): 10-12
[36]Steve Graham, 用 JAVA 构建 Web 服务. 刘晓辉,麦中凡,吕庆中等译. 机械工业出版社. 2003.01
[37]陈启祥,杨军. 面向服务的软件架构 SOA 及其支撑技术的研究. 湖北工业大学学报. 2005.08. 20(4):38-41
[38]岳昆,王晓玲,周傲英. Web 服务核心支撑技术:研究综述. 软件学报. 2004. 15(03):428-442
[39]芮雄健,王忠民. UDDI 的原理与实现. 计算机工程与设计. 2005.06. 26(6):1602-1605
[40]吴建斌,吴家铸,王芳等. Web Services 平台体系结构的研究. 计算机工程与科学. 2005. 27(10):22-27
[41]赵劼, 官荷卿, 陈宁江. Web 应用服务器中 Web Service 引擎的设计与实现. 计算机工程与设计. 2005.02. 26(2):285-287
[42]马晓轩,林学练. Web 服务性能优化的研究. 计算机工程与应用. 20005.08. 19-22
[43]朱兴亮. 基于 Web Service 的电子商务的安全机制研究及实践:[硕士学位论文]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2004
[44]王兵. 基于面向服务架构的应用系统开发与集成研究:[硕士学位论文]. 成都: 四川大学, 2005
[45]薛贵友. SOAP 有状态/无状态分析及有状态实现. 天津理工学院学报. 2002.06. 18(2):61-64
[46]尹瑞,葛声,马殿富. Web 服务事务处理系统的研究与实现. 北京航空航天大学学报. 2005.04. 31(4):339-442