铜山县蔬菜产业竞争优势分析及发展对策
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摘要
本文以铜山县作为调查研究区域，以铜山县蔬菜产业作为调查研究对象，结合铜山县蔬菜产业发展的现状，明确了铜山县蔬菜产业发展的重点领域，确定了设施蔬菜、食用菌、出口创汇蔬菜等3大特色基地，并提出了铜山县蔬菜产业发展的对策，为铜山县蔬菜产业发展战略的制定提供参考。
本研究主要结论如下：
(1)铜山蔬菜发展特点表现在：生产规模持续发展，均衡供应水平显著提高；设施规模不断扩大，茬口安排日趋成熟。区域特色基本形成，产业影响力逐步提升；科技水平提高，综合生产能力得到增强；流通体系基本形成，产品加工销售发展势头良好；蔬菜产业在农村经济中的地位日益显著；蔬菜安全质量控制、生产基地建设和产品认证取得良好成效。
(2)铜山发展蔬菜产业的总体竞争优势主要表现在自然资源、区位条件、市场和规模、龙头企业带动及先发优势等方面。存在的问题与不足表现在设施简陋、搭配不合理，增效潜力还没有完全发挥；蔬菜生产技术研发和推广比较滞后；蔬菜加工品出口市场单一，采后加工处理薄弱；龙头企业带动能力和农民合作组织的优势还需进一步发挥。市场流通体系还应完善；政策扶持和资金支持还应加强；质量控制意识不强。
(3)提出发展铜山蔬菜产业的基本策略：实施优质名牌战略，促进蔬菜标准化建设；加大对外开放和科教兴菜力度，提高农产品科技含量；以蔬菜产品精深加工为重点，延长产业链条，拓展优势农业产业的发展空间；加强蔬菜产品批发市场建设，以市场供求信息指导蔬菜生产；提高农民组织化程度，推进蔬菜产业化经营；塑造新的蔬菜产业结构，调整优化机制，转变政府职能，充分尊重农民意愿，以市场竞争力为标准及时调整结构；因地制宜，分类指导，有的放矢地发展优势蔬菜产品，提高铜山蔬菜的整体水平。
The vegetable industry of Tongshan country was studied in this thesis. The presentsituation of the vegetable industry of Tongshan country was investigated to find that theimportant areas of the vegetable industry that should be emphasized were protectedvegetable culture, edible fungus, and the export vegetable product. And finally, the futuredevelopment of the vegetable industry in Tongshan country was suggested to givereference for the making of the counter measures of the vegetable industry in Tongshancounty. The conclusions of this study were as follows.
1. The characteristics of the vegetable industry of Tongshan county were as follows.First, the production scale was continuously enlarged and the capacity of balanced supplywas improved. Second, the regional characteristics was basically realized and its influencegradually exhibited. Third, the scientific and technical level was improved and the overallproduce capacity was enhanced. Four, the circulation of the vegetable industry was information and the processed vegetable product industry was developed. The importance ofvegetable industry in the rural economy was emerging. And finally, the quality control onvegetable safety supply, the foundation of vegetable base, and the certification ofvegetable products were effective.
2. The overall advantages of the vegetable industry in Tongshan county were in thenatural environmental factors, geological location of the region, market scale, and thedriving ability to the agriculture development. The problems existed in the vegetableindustry of Tongshan county were as follows. First, the protect installment was simple andthe collocation of the protected vegetable culture was not rational, which led to theobstacle in the realization of the advantages in protected culture. Second, the research andextension of the vegetable produce technology was rather lagged. Third, the market of theprocessed vegetable was simple, and the post-harvest treatment was absent or in a lowlevel. Lastly, the circulation market should be fulfilled, policy support from thegovernment should be strengthened, and the quality control should be intensified.
3. Counter measures for the development of the vegetable industry of Tongshan county were suggested. To begin with, the fine quality famous brand should be set up andthe standardization of vegetable produce be emphasized. Secondly, the function of scienceand technology in vegetable industry should be highlighted to promote the development ofagricultural development space. The third, the construction of vegetable wholesale marketshould be emphasized, so that the information of vegetable market could instruct thevegetable produce. The fourth, the farmers' organization degree should be enhanced topromote the management of the vegetable industry. Furthermore, the adjustment andoptimization of the vegetable industry structure should be modified by the transferring ofthe government effects and the farmer's willing according to the market competitiveness.To summarize, the counter measures should be made adjusted to the local conditions todevelop the preponderant vegetable product and promote the overall level of the vegetableindustry in Tongshan county.
本研究主要结论如下：
(1)铜山蔬菜发展特点表现在：生产规模持续发展，均衡供应水平显著提高；设施规模不断扩大，茬口安排日趋成熟。区域特色基本形成，产业影响力逐步提升；科技水平提高，综合生产能力得到增强；流通体系基本形成，产品加工销售发展势头良好；蔬菜产业在农村经济中的地位日益显著；蔬菜安全质量控制、生产基地建设和产品认证取得良好成效。
(2)铜山发展蔬菜产业的总体竞争优势主要表现在自然资源、区位条件、市场和规模、龙头企业带动及先发优势等方面。存在的问题与不足表现在设施简陋、搭配不合理，增效潜力还没有完全发挥；蔬菜生产技术研发和推广比较滞后；蔬菜加工品出口市场单一，采后加工处理薄弱；龙头企业带动能力和农民合作组织的优势还需进一步发挥。市场流通体系还应完善；政策扶持和资金支持还应加强；质量控制意识不强。
(3)提出发展铜山蔬菜产业的基本策略：实施优质名牌战略，促进蔬菜标准化建设；加大对外开放和科教兴菜力度，提高农产品科技含量；以蔬菜产品精深加工为重点，延长产业链条，拓展优势农业产业的发展空间；加强蔬菜产品批发市场建设，以市场供求信息指导蔬菜生产；提高农民组织化程度，推进蔬菜产业化经营；塑造新的蔬菜产业结构，调整优化机制，转变政府职能，充分尊重农民意愿，以市场竞争力为标准及时调整结构；因地制宜，分类指导，有的放矢地发展优势蔬菜产品，提高铜山蔬菜的整体水平。
The vegetable industry of Tongshan country was studied in this thesis. The presentsituation of the vegetable industry of Tongshan country was investigated to find that theimportant areas of the vegetable industry that should be emphasized were protectedvegetable culture, edible fungus, and the export vegetable product. And finally, the futuredevelopment of the vegetable industry in Tongshan country was suggested to givereference for the making of the counter measures of the vegetable industry in Tongshancounty. The conclusions of this study were as follows.
1. The characteristics of the vegetable industry of Tongshan county were as follows.First, the production scale was continuously enlarged and the capacity of balanced supplywas improved. Second, the regional characteristics was basically realized and its influencegradually exhibited. Third, the scientific and technical level was improved and the overallproduce capacity was enhanced. Four, the circulation of the vegetable industry was information and the processed vegetable product industry was developed. The importance ofvegetable industry in the rural economy was emerging. And finally, the quality control onvegetable safety supply, the foundation of vegetable base, and the certification ofvegetable products were effective.
2. The overall advantages of the vegetable industry in Tongshan county were in thenatural environmental factors, geological location of the region, market scale, and thedriving ability to the agriculture development. The problems existed in the vegetableindustry of Tongshan county were as follows. First, the protect installment was simple andthe collocation of the protected vegetable culture was not rational, which led to theobstacle in the realization of the advantages in protected culture. Second, the research andextension of the vegetable produce technology was rather lagged. Third, the market of theprocessed vegetable was simple, and the post-harvest treatment was absent or in a lowlevel. Lastly, the circulation market should be fulfilled, policy support from thegovernment should be strengthened, and the quality control should be intensified.
3. Counter measures for the development of the vegetable industry of Tongshan county were suggested. To begin with, the fine quality famous brand should be set up andthe standardization of vegetable produce be emphasized. Secondly, the function of scienceand technology in vegetable industry should be highlighted to promote the development ofagricultural development space. The third, the construction of vegetable wholesale marketshould be emphasized, so that the information of vegetable market could instruct thevegetable produce. The fourth, the farmers' organization degree should be enhanced topromote the management of the vegetable industry. Furthermore, the adjustment andoptimization of the vegetable industry structure should be modified by the transferring ofthe government effects and the farmer's willing according to the market competitiveness.To summarize, the counter measures should be made adjusted to the local conditions todevelop the preponderant vegetable product and promote the overall level of the vegetableindustry in Tongshan county.
引文
1．铜山县人民政府．‘铜山县设施蔬菜产业“十一五”发展规划’．2006．
2．铜山县人民政府．‘铜山县食用菌产业“十一五”发展规划’．2006．
3．李建伟．2005年我国蔬菜产业发展的回顾．中国蔬菜．2006(10)：1-2
4．张真和，刘肃．我国蔬菜产业的国际化比较．中国蔬菜．2006(3)：1-5
5．张真和，鲁波，赵建阳等．当代中国蔬菜产业的回顾与展望(上)．长江蔬菜．2005．5：2-6
6．张真和，鲁波，赵建阳等．当代中国蔬菜产业的回顾与展望(下)．长江蔬菜．2005．6：1-6
7．喻国华．对我国蔬菜产业发展的若干思考．特区经济．2005(3)：278-279
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9．王亚林．安徽省蔬菜产业面临的机遇与挑战．中国瓜菜．2005(4)：1-3
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18．陈清华，黄涛，黄红炬．加强自主科技创新，促进蔬菜产业可持续发展．中国瓜菜．2006(4)：1-3
19．王宝海．蓬勃发展的江苏蔬菜产业．江苏农业科技．2006．5：32
20．姜鸿义．入世后对蔬菜产业的影响及对策．吉林蔬菜．2006．04：47-49
21．刘卫东，朱士农，崔群香．实施蔬菜标准化，提高蔬菜产业的竞争力．金陵科技学院学报．2005(12)4：77-81
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50．别之龙．我国蔬菜产业的发展趋势．农村实用技术与信息．2006．4：13-15
2．铜山县人民政府．‘铜山县食用菌产业“十一五”发展规划’．2006．
3．李建伟．2005年我国蔬菜产业发展的回顾．中国蔬菜．2006(10)：1-2
4．张真和，刘肃．我国蔬菜产业的国际化比较．中国蔬菜．2006(3)：1-5
5．张真和，鲁波，赵建阳等．当代中国蔬菜产业的回顾与展望(上)．长江蔬菜．2005．5：2-6
6．张真和，鲁波，赵建阳等．当代中国蔬菜产业的回顾与展望(下)．长江蔬菜．2005．6：1-6
7．喻国华．对我国蔬菜产业发展的若干思考．特区经济．2005(3)：278-279
8．于凤玲．河北省蔬菜产业现状分析及发展对策探讨．河北农业．2004．11：8-10
9．王亚林．安徽省蔬菜产业面临的机遇与挑战．中国瓜菜．2005(4)：1-3
10．封立忠．杭州市蔬菜产业新特点及发展对策．长江蔬菜．2005．10：1-3
11．姚秋菊，张晓伟，魏国强．河南省无公害蔬菜产业现状和发展对策．中国瓜菜．2005(12)：51-53
12．陈伯清，潘国庆，王启松．淮安市蔬菜产业现状调查及其发展对策．江苏农业科学．2006．3：69-72
13．姜夕泉，汪国莲，曹凯歌．江苏淮安地区蔬菜产业实现新发展的对策构想．江苏农业科学．2006．2：50-52
14．农业部种植业司．蔬菜产业比较优势明显，增收作用突出．中国蔬菜．2006(7)：35
15．李博．蔬菜产业重点发展领域和方向．农业产业化．2005．6：50-53
16．王宝海．江苏出口创汇蔬菜产业透视．江苏农村经济．2004(6)：18-19
17．扈立家，李天来．我国蔬菜产业标准化过程中存在的问题及对策．安徽农业科学．2006．34(9)：1952-1953
18．陈清华，黄涛，黄红炬．加强自主科技创新，促进蔬菜产业可持续发展．中国瓜菜．2006(4)：1-3
19．王宝海．蓬勃发展的江苏蔬菜产业．江苏农业科技．2006．5：32
20．姜鸿义．入世后对蔬菜产业的影响及对策．吉林蔬菜．2006．04：47-49
21．刘卫东，朱士农，崔群香．实施蔬菜标准化，提高蔬菜产业的竞争力．金陵科技学院学报．2005(12)4：77-81
22．扈立家，李天来，李洪川．我国蔬菜产业标准化问题研究．长江蔬菜．2006(8)：1-3
23．吴志行，侯喜林．我国蔬菜产业的发展方向．长江蔬菜．2005．1：6-8
24．吕涛，王青川，崔青晓．积极实施六大策略，促进蔬菜产业升级．山东蔬菜．2006．3：5-6
25．赵海燕，易法海．加入WTO后我国蔬菜产业面临的机遇、冲击与对策．农业现代化研究．2005(26)3：217-220
26．马蓉丽，焦彦生，赵美华．山西设施蔬菜生产现状及可持续发展对策．山西农业科学．2004(4)32：41-45
27．刘荣茂，李式军．加快江苏出口蔬菜产业发展的对策研究．贵州农业科学．2005 (6)33：63-65
28．尚庆茂，张志刚．中国蔬菜产业未来发展方向及重点．中国食物与营养．2005．7：20-22
29．李坤，殷朝华．我国设施蔬菜种苗产业化繁育的现状及发展．甘肃农业．2004．9：46-47
30．李振宗，张雨红．调优调强产业结构，加速推进蔬菜增效菜农增收．山东蔬菜．2005．4：7-9
31．赵海燕，徐威．发达国家蔬菜产业发展的成功经验．世界农业．2005．6
32．刘翠先．设施蔬菜生产综合管理技术．农业科技通讯．2006．5：45-46
33．田秋兰，冯太平，于海培．设施蔬菜无公害病虫防治技术．农业科技通讯．2006．6：46
34．李光武，袁灵恩，隋秀奇，等．设施绿色蔬菜生产病虫害综合防治技术．温室园艺．2006．5：34-36
35．赵海燕，徐威．发达国家蔬菜产业发展的成功经验．当代蔬菜．2005．10：14-15
36．方智远，吴明珠，张宝玺，等．韩国蔬菜产业和蔬菜科技考察见闻．中国蔬菜．2005(1)：36-38
37．曹菲菲，范水清．山东蔬菜产业如何面对绿色贸易壁垒．经济论坛．2006(14)：20-21
38．杨金深．河北省无公害蔬菜产业发展的突出问题与对策建议．农业科技管理．2005(24)6：63-64
39．李贞霞，林紫玉，焦涛．河南省蔬菜产业发展现状及存在的问题．安徽农业科学．2006．34(11)：2563-2564
40．夏晓发，周雄祥．加快湖北蔬菜产业战略性发展的思考．长江蔬菜．2005．11：1-4
41．戴化勇，王凯．农业产业链综合绩效的评价研究-以南京市蔬菜产业链为例．江西农业学报2006．18(5)：199-202
42．王春明．辽宁蔬菜产业发展现状与对策．农业经济．2006(9)：32-33
43．吕涛，王青川，崔青晓．积极实施六大策略，促进蔬菜产业升级．山东蔬菜．2006．3：5-6
44．宋建新，聂承华，宋燕青等．蔬菜专业合作经济组织在河北蔬菜产业发展中的作用．中国蔬菜．2005(2)：2-5
45．叶曙光，徐坚，宰文珊等．温州市蔬菜产业现状与发展对策研究．温州农业科技．2006(3)：1-5
46．陈恒国，张峻．城市化建设与都市型农业．上海蔬菜．2006(4)：3-6
47．傅鸿妃，王世恒，柴伟国，等．杭州市蔬菜产业结构调查．中国蔬菜．2005(5)：28-30
48．潘伟光．区域经济一体化背景下的中韩两国蔬菜产业比较及贸易展望．国际贸易问题．2006．7：42-46
49．李来福，张久安．做大作强蔬菜产业，增加农民收入．工作论坛．2006．1：68
50．别之龙．我国蔬菜产业的发展趋势．农村实用技术与信息．2006．4：13-15