工程量清单计价模式下的评标研究
摘要
建设工程招标投标是国际上通用的一种科学合理的承发包方式,这种方式有效地将竞争机制引入工程建设领域。建筑工程实行招标投标制,在我国已经过二十多年的探索,且已成为建设工程交易的主要方式,但在实际运用中还存在一些问题。国家标准《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》GB50500一2003己于2003年2月17日经建设部第119号公告批准颁布,于2003年7月1日起实施。这标志着我国工程造价管理实现了由传统量价合一模式向量价分离的市场模式的重大转变。
本文以对国外工程量清单计价体系的研究为基础,通过分析国外工程量清单体系的组成和特点,与我国清单计价规范的相关内容进行比较,分析我国与国外清单计价体系的异同和差距,对我国清单计价体系的特点进行总结和评价,进而提出对我国清单计价体系进行改进和完善的建议。
评标是体现招标投标公平合理最关键的环节,而我国目前还缺乏一套能体现公正、合理、科学先进、操作准确的评标办法。讨论研究我国目前工程量清单计价模式下最低合理投标报价法、综合评分法所存在的问题,并针对这些问题提出相应的应对措施。
Tender of construction works is a scientific and reasonable way of contraction, which introduced effectively mechanism of competition into the field of engineering construction. It has been more than 20 years since tender was applied in construction works in our country, and had become the main way of transaction in construction works, but there are still many problems in actual application. In 17, Feb, 2003, the national standard Code of Valuation With Bill Quantity of Construction Woks was promulgated in announcement No.119 through Construction Department and has been implemented since 1, July, 2003. It indicates that the great change that the mode which unit quantity and price as one part into the mode in which quantity and price are separate in construction cost management in China.
First, the overseas BQ estimate methods have been studied. By analyzing the component and structure of overseas BQ estimate method and comparing it with our estimate code, the difference and gap between them is pointed out. The study on structure and content of our code of BQ estimate method shows the characteristics andproblems of it. Some improvement advice has been given to the Code of BQ EstimateMethod.
Evaluation of bid is the most key link that can embody fairness and reasonableness in tender, but our country still lacks a set of fair and reasonable, scientific and advanced, operational and accurate method of evaluation of bid. The author discusses the application of composite scoring method and the lowest price method, this paper analyzed existing problems and put forward measures that should be taken.
本文以对国外工程量清单计价体系的研究为基础,通过分析国外工程量清单体系的组成和特点,与我国清单计价规范的相关内容进行比较,分析我国与国外清单计价体系的异同和差距,对我国清单计价体系的特点进行总结和评价,进而提出对我国清单计价体系进行改进和完善的建议。
评标是体现招标投标公平合理最关键的环节,而我国目前还缺乏一套能体现公正、合理、科学先进、操作准确的评标办法。讨论研究我国目前工程量清单计价模式下最低合理投标报价法、综合评分法所存在的问题,并针对这些问题提出相应的应对措施。
Tender of construction works is a scientific and reasonable way of contraction, which introduced effectively mechanism of competition into the field of engineering construction. It has been more than 20 years since tender was applied in construction works in our country, and had become the main way of transaction in construction works, but there are still many problems in actual application. In 17, Feb, 2003, the national standard Code of Valuation With Bill Quantity of Construction Woks was promulgated in announcement No.119 through Construction Department and has been implemented since 1, July, 2003. It indicates that the great change that the mode which unit quantity and price as one part into the mode in which quantity and price are separate in construction cost management in China.
First, the overseas BQ estimate methods have been studied. By analyzing the component and structure of overseas BQ estimate method and comparing it with our estimate code, the difference and gap between them is pointed out. The study on structure and content of our code of BQ estimate method shows the characteristics andproblems of it. Some improvement advice has been given to the Code of BQ EstimateMethod.
Evaluation of bid is the most key link that can embody fairness and reasonableness in tender, but our country still lacks a set of fair and reasonable, scientific and advanced, operational and accurate method of evaluation of bid. The author discusses the application of composite scoring method and the lowest price method, this paper analyzed existing problems and put forward measures that should be taken.
引文
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[4]朱晓亮.实行工程量清单招标的利弊分析及对策[J].河南科技,2006(5):25~27
[5]刘应宗.我国建设工程造价形成方式的改革[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2001(1):10~13
[6]The Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyor,Standard Method of Measurement 7 for Building Works[M], 1988
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[8]罗鼎林.国内外建设工程造价的确定与控制[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1997
[9]邱闯.国际工程合同原理与实务[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
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[20]王潇洲.建筑工程计价模式改革方法论[J].五邑大学学报(自然科学版), 1999(13):21~22
[21]杜训.国际工程估价[J].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1996(3):154~160
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[25]中华人民共和国建设部.建设工程工程量清单计价规范[M],上海人民出版社,2003
[26]丰景春,陈洁钊,施国庆.水利工程造价管理对策的研究[J].水利经济,2001(5):33~34
[27]杨俊才,苏宝安,屈俊忠.工程量清单计价模式的理解与实施安装[J].2004(4):37~39
[28]徐崇禄,董红梅.建设工程施工合同系列文本应用[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2003
[29]成虎.建筑工程合同管理与索赔[M].东南大学出版社,2000
[30]陈健,曹春阳.工程量清单计价的合同管理[J].建设监理,2003(4):36~37
[31]董士波,唐洪军.实物工程量清单报价的问题与对策[J].油气田地面工程,2001(6):75~76
[32]王孟钧,刘兴浩.推行工程量清单计价有利于建筑市场的健康发展[J].建筑,2003(11):7~10
[33]李兰贞,李献英.工程量清单招标的施行及探讨[J].建筑,2002(3):27~29
[34]中华人民共和国招标投标法.2000
[35]丰景春,王荣喜.工程项目招标中评标标底若干问题研究[J].水利水电科技进展,2004(5):12~14
[36]马晓莉,杨帆.工程量清单模式下合理低价中标的应用分析[J].榆林学院学报,2006(3):23~24
[37]杨建国,蔡丽萍.无标底最低价招标的工程实践[J].山西建筑,2004(6):18~20
[38]林若愚.经评审最低价中标法投标报价合理性评审的探讨[J].福建建筑,2005(9):33~35
[39]王红,王秀丽.工程量清单计价模式下的评标办法探讨[J].兰州工业高等专科学校学报,2006(2):13~15
[40]宋彩萍.工程施工项目投标报价实战策略与技巧[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
[41]袁炳玉,朱建元.中外招投标经典案例与评析 [M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[42]李钦州.对工程量清单计价模式的再认识[J].建筑管理现代化,2003(2):62~64
[43]熊伟,朱康武.建筑工程无标底招标理论与实践[J].基建优化,2002(6):26~27
[44]伏国龙.关于无标底招标实践与操作方法的探讨[J].工程建设与设计,2004(l):21~22
[45]张丽,唐智,张后禅.工程量清单招标方法的理论探讨[J].低温建筑技术,2005(2):114~117
[46]瞿自杰.工程量清单计价法在招投标工作中的应用[J].浙江建筑,2004(6)~23-24
[47]姚原戎.工程项目施工评标办法的分析和建议[J].建设监理,2004(3):57~58
[48]陆敏玲.谈如何制定科学合理的评标方法[J].工程建设与设计,2002 (6):36~39
[2]陈 艳.工程量清单计价模式下招投标制度的探析[J].山西建筑,2005(2):21~24
[3]吴晓成.工程量清单计价模式下的造价控制与管理 [J].科技资讯,2006(3):19~20
[4]朱晓亮.实行工程量清单招标的利弊分析及对策[J].河南科技,2006(5):25~27
[5]刘应宗.我国建设工程造价形成方式的改革[J].北京理工大学学报(社会科学版),2001(1):10~13
[6]The Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyor,Standard Method of Measurement 7 for Building Works[M], 1988
[7]全国造价工程师执业资格考试培训教材编审委员会.工程造价计价与控制[M].中国计划出版社,2003
[8]罗鼎林.国内外建设工程造价的确定与控制[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1997
[9]邱闯.国际工程合同原理与实务[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[10]高平、余明.美国在工程量清单计价方面的作法[J].东北财经大学建设管理学院学报,2004(3):15~17
[11]CSI. MasterFormat. www.csinet.org
[12]成虎.工程项目管理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[13]Rober P.Charette,Harlod E.Marshall . UNIFORMATⅡ:Elemental Classification for Building Specifications, Cost Estimating, and Cost Analysis[J].National Institute of Standards and Technology Special, 1999(8)17~20
[14]Broan Bowen, Robert P. Charette, and Harlod E. Marshall.UNIFORMAT Ⅱ: A Recommended Classification for Building Elements and Related Site work[J] .National Institute of Standards and Technology Special , 1992(3):8~10
[15]台湾“行政院公共工程委员会”.公共工程纲要编码[M].2001.
[16]Willianm M. Daley. UNIFORMAT II-Elemental Classification for Building Specification, cost estimating and cost analysis[J]. NIST,1999(10):77~78
[17]www.csinet.org
[18]Leen S. Kang,Boyd C. Paulson. Information Classification for Civil Engineering Projects[J] .Uniclass. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2000(4):25~28
[19]www.OCCSnet.org. OCCS Introduction,2001
[20]王潇洲.建筑工程计价模式改革方法论[J].五邑大学学报(自然科学版), 1999(13):21~22
[21]杜训.国际工程估价[J].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1996(3):154~160
[22]Resche H,Schelle H.Hand buch Project management[M].Verlag Tu V Rheinland,1989
[23]上海市建设工程定额管理总站.上海建设工程造价计价模式和管理方式研究[J].1994
[24]施强,郓其.对预算定额用于实物工程量清单招标的探讨[J].北京国际工程造价研讨会论文集.2001,25~30
[25]中华人民共和国建设部.建设工程工程量清单计价规范[M],上海人民出版社,2003
[26]丰景春,陈洁钊,施国庆.水利工程造价管理对策的研究[J].水利经济,2001(5):33~34
[27]杨俊才,苏宝安,屈俊忠.工程量清单计价模式的理解与实施安装[J].2004(4):37~39
[28]徐崇禄,董红梅.建设工程施工合同系列文本应用[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2003
[29]成虎.建筑工程合同管理与索赔[M].东南大学出版社,2000
[30]陈健,曹春阳.工程量清单计价的合同管理[J].建设监理,2003(4):36~37
[31]董士波,唐洪军.实物工程量清单报价的问题与对策[J].油气田地面工程,2001(6):75~76
[32]王孟钧,刘兴浩.推行工程量清单计价有利于建筑市场的健康发展[J].建筑,2003(11):7~10
[33]李兰贞,李献英.工程量清单招标的施行及探讨[J].建筑,2002(3):27~29
[34]中华人民共和国招标投标法.2000
[35]丰景春,王荣喜.工程项目招标中评标标底若干问题研究[J].水利水电科技进展,2004(5):12~14
[36]马晓莉,杨帆.工程量清单模式下合理低价中标的应用分析[J].榆林学院学报,2006(3):23~24
[37]杨建国,蔡丽萍.无标底最低价招标的工程实践[J].山西建筑,2004(6):18~20
[38]林若愚.经评审最低价中标法投标报价合理性评审的探讨[J].福建建筑,2005(9):33~35
[39]王红,王秀丽.工程量清单计价模式下的评标办法探讨[J].兰州工业高等专科学校学报,2006(2):13~15
[40]宋彩萍.工程施工项目投标报价实战策略与技巧[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
[41]袁炳玉,朱建元.中外招投标经典案例与评析 [M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[42]李钦州.对工程量清单计价模式的再认识[J].建筑管理现代化,2003(2):62~64
[43]熊伟,朱康武.建筑工程无标底招标理论与实践[J].基建优化,2002(6):26~27
[44]伏国龙.关于无标底招标实践与操作方法的探讨[J].工程建设与设计,2004(l):21~22
[45]张丽,唐智,张后禅.工程量清单招标方法的理论探讨[J].低温建筑技术,2005(2):114~117
[46]瞿自杰.工程量清单计价法在招投标工作中的应用[J].浙江建筑,2004(6)~23-24
[47]姚原戎.工程项目施工评标办法的分析和建议[J].建设监理,2004(3):57~58
[48]陆敏玲.谈如何制定科学合理的评标方法[J].工程建设与设计,2002 (6):36~39