高速波导声光调制器的研究
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摘要
高速波导声光调制器以其开关速度快、体积小、插入损耗小、驱动功率低、机械稳定度高、设计灵活方便、便于集成等优点,在调制器的研究中具有很广的应用前景,并且这种调制器可用在高速光通信领域中。
本文对高速波导声光调制器的理论和实验分别进行了研究。对声波导和光波导进行了理论分析,尝试了调制器的第一步试制,并做了实验研究。论文的主要内容包括以下几个方面:
1.回顾和介绍了当今波导声光调制器的国内外研究进展和趋势;
2.研究了波导声光调制器的基本理论,包括:声表面波原理、光波导中的导波、表面波声光效应、波导声光调制原理等;
3.通过理论分析,从耦合波方程和压电方程出发,利用边界条件,通过声表面波波速的求解原理,在解耦的情况下,综合考虑声表面波的波速和机电耦合系数,提出了一种设计声波导厚度的方法,并且通过计算机仿真。
4.选择光束传播法(BPM法)对光波导进行分析。利用OptiBPM软件,对原设计的高速波导声光调制器的光波导部分进行了模拟和分析。分析影响锥形波导性能的三个主要设计参数,并在此基础上重新进行了锥形波导的优化设计。
5.高速波导声光调制器的试制和实验研究。完成器件第一步——光波导部分的试制。实验研究主要是测试试制的器件,并对测试结果进行了分析,提出改进意见。
High-speed guided-wave acousto-optic modulator is one of the best switching devices because of its advantages, such as high speed, compact size, low insertion loss, excellent design flexibility, high mechanical stability, low driver power requirement, good integration, etc. It also can be used in the high-speed optical communication field.
In this paper, some theoretic and laboratorial research on the high-speed guided-wave acousto-optic modulator has been done. The acoustical waveguide and optical waveguide are studied in theory. The first step pilot production of the new-style modulator is finished. Some experimental researches about testing the modulator are also included in the paper.
The main contents of the paper are listed as follows:
1. The development and trends of guided-wave acousto-optic modulator in China and overseas have been reviewed and introduced.
2. The basic theories about guided-wave acousto-optic modulator have been researched, including the theories about surface acoustic wave (SAW), guided wave in the optical waveguide, acousto-optic effect of surface wave, the principle of waveguide acousto-optic modulation, and so on.
3. By using the boundary and decoupled qualifications, the coupled wave and the piezoelectric equations are solved. Then the optimum thickness of the acoustical waveguide can be designed, considering both the wave velocity of the SAW and the electromechanical coupling coefficient which have been solved. The results are simulated by Matlab.
4. Beam Propagation Method (BPM) is chosen to analyze the optical waveguide. The optical waveguide of the modulator, which is designed before, is simulated and analyzed by the software OptiBPM and the results point out the problems existing in the design. The three main factors which influence the performance of the taper waveguide in design are analyzed. Based on the analytic results, the taper waveguide is re-designed and the optimum design is gained.
5. The pilot production of the optical waveguide, which is the first step of completing the high-speed guided-wave acousto-optic modulator, has been finished. Then we conduct the experimental research on testing the optical waveguide. According to the results, the ideas for improving the modulator are provided.
本文对高速波导声光调制器的理论和实验分别进行了研究。对声波导和光波导进行了理论分析,尝试了调制器的第一步试制,并做了实验研究。论文的主要内容包括以下几个方面:
1.回顾和介绍了当今波导声光调制器的国内外研究进展和趋势;
2.研究了波导声光调制器的基本理论,包括:声表面波原理、光波导中的导波、表面波声光效应、波导声光调制原理等;
3.通过理论分析,从耦合波方程和压电方程出发,利用边界条件,通过声表面波波速的求解原理,在解耦的情况下,综合考虑声表面波的波速和机电耦合系数,提出了一种设计声波导厚度的方法,并且通过计算机仿真。
4.选择光束传播法(BPM法)对光波导进行分析。利用OptiBPM软件,对原设计的高速波导声光调制器的光波导部分进行了模拟和分析。分析影响锥形波导性能的三个主要设计参数,并在此基础上重新进行了锥形波导的优化设计。
5.高速波导声光调制器的试制和实验研究。完成器件第一步——光波导部分的试制。实验研究主要是测试试制的器件,并对测试结果进行了分析,提出改进意见。
High-speed guided-wave acousto-optic modulator is one of the best switching devices because of its advantages, such as high speed, compact size, low insertion loss, excellent design flexibility, high mechanical stability, low driver power requirement, good integration, etc. It also can be used in the high-speed optical communication field.
In this paper, some theoretic and laboratorial research on the high-speed guided-wave acousto-optic modulator has been done. The acoustical waveguide and optical waveguide are studied in theory. The first step pilot production of the new-style modulator is finished. Some experimental researches about testing the modulator are also included in the paper.
The main contents of the paper are listed as follows:
1. The development and trends of guided-wave acousto-optic modulator in China and overseas have been reviewed and introduced.
2. The basic theories about guided-wave acousto-optic modulator have been researched, including the theories about surface acoustic wave (SAW), guided wave in the optical waveguide, acousto-optic effect of surface wave, the principle of waveguide acousto-optic modulation, and so on.
3. By using the boundary and decoupled qualifications, the coupled wave and the piezoelectric equations are solved. Then the optimum thickness of the acoustical waveguide can be designed, considering both the wave velocity of the SAW and the electromechanical coupling coefficient which have been solved. The results are simulated by Matlab.
4. Beam Propagation Method (BPM) is chosen to analyze the optical waveguide. The optical waveguide of the modulator, which is designed before, is simulated and analyzed by the software OptiBPM and the results point out the problems existing in the design. The three main factors which influence the performance of the taper waveguide in design are analyzed. Based on the analytic results, the taper waveguide is re-designed and the optimum design is gained.
5. The pilot production of the optical waveguide, which is the first step of completing the high-speed guided-wave acousto-optic modulator, has been finished. Then we conduct the experimental research on testing the optical waveguide. According to the results, the ideas for improving the modulator are provided.
引文
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[2]蓝信钜,激光技术,武昌:华中科技大学出版社,1995
[3] T. Yeon, K. Law, and A. Goldenberg, IEEE. Commun. Mag., ,2001,39:158~163
[4]Cao Zhonghui, Bao Junfeng, Yuan Ye, et al., Acta Optica Sinica, 23(9) ,2003,1041~1044
[5]Hirochika Nakajima,IEICE Trans. Electron., 1999, E82-C(2):297~304
[6]N.Goto and Y.Miyazaki, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1998, 37:2947~2955
[7]F. Wehrmann, C. Harizi, H. Herrmann, et al., IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 1996,2(7):263~269
[8]F. Tian and H. Herrmann, J. Lightw. Techn., 1995, 13:146~154
[9] Y. Miyazaki and N. Goto, IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, 2002, 605~608
[10]F. Wehrmann, et al., IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quan. Electron., 1996, 20(2):263~269
[11]N. Grote and H. Venghaus, Eds., Fiber Optic Communication Devices, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2001,296~307
[12]N. Goto and Y. Miyazaki, Jpn. J. Appl.Phys., 2003,42(5B):3041~3047
[13]A. Kar-Roy and C.S. Tsai, IEEE Photonics Technology Lett., 1992,4(7):731~735
[14]D.A. Smith, et al., Optics Lett., 1994,19(2):99~101
[15]D.A. Smith, et al, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1996, 14(9):2044~2052
[16]肖立峰、刘迎等,中国激光,2005,32(8):1073~1076
[17]朱德彬,二氧化硅光波导声光器件技术的研究,硕士学位论文,长春理工大学,2006
[18]陈强,肖定全,吴家刚,Pechini法制备铌酸锂陶瓷的结晶性能研究,功能材料,2004,35(04):477~482
[19]苏伟,数字线性声光调制器的应用,硕士学位论文,杭州:浙江大学,2001
[20]霍玉晶,王宇鹏,危学彪等,LD泵浦的声光调Q腔内倍频激光器,激光与红外,1996,20(1):16 ~19
[21]A. Sliwinski, Acousto-optics and its perspective in research and applications, Ultrasonics, 1990, 28(4):195~203
[22] PaI Maa,k. OPtimization of transducer configuration for bulk acousto-optic tunable filters, Optics Communication, 2004,241:87~92。
[23] N. Uchida and N. Niizeki, Proc. IEEE, 1973, 61(8):1073
[24]E.G. Lean et al., Proc. IEEE, 1976, 64:779
[25]R.V. Schmidt, IEEE Trans. Sonics and Ultrasoncis, 1976, SU-23:22
[26]C.S.Tsai, Guided-wave acousto-optic interaction, devices and application, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990
[27]N. Goto, Y. Miyazaki, Improvement of switching speed in acoustooptic switches for multiple optical wavelength using gigahertz surface acoustic waves, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1998,37, Part 1(5B): 2947-2955
[28]Shoji KAKIO, Shinji UOTANI, Yasuhiko NAKAGAWA, Diffraction Properties and Beam-Propagation Analysis of Waveguide-Type Acoustooptic Modulator Driven by Surface Acoustic Wave, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2005, 44(6B):4472~4476
[29]Shoji KAKIO, Shinji UOTANI, Yasuhiko NAKAGAWA, Improvement of Diffraction Properties in Waveguide-Type Acoustooptic Modulator Driven by Surface Acoustic Wave, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2007, 46(2):669~674
[30]Shoji KAKIO, Shinji UOTANI, Motoki KITAMURA, et al., Monolithically Integrated Tandem Waveguide-Type Acoustooptic Modulator Driven by Surface Acoustic Waves, 2007, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 46(7B):4608~4612
[1]M.Bron and E.Wolf, Principles of optics, 4-th ed., 14.5, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1970
[2]徐介平,声光器件的原理、设计和应用,北京:科学出版社,1982
[3]E. G. Lean, J. M. White and C. D. W. Wilkinson, Thin Film Acousto-Optic Devices, Proc. IEEE, 1976, 64: 779~781
[4]R. V. Schmidt, Acoustooptic Interactions between guided optical waves and acoustic surface waves, IEEE Trans. Sonics and Ultrasonics, 1976, 23: 22~24
[5]N. Uchida and N. Niizeki, Acousto-optic deflection materials and techniques, Proc. IEEE, 1973, 61(8): 1073
[6]西原浩等[日],梁瑞林译,集成光路,北京:科学出版社,2002
[7]许昌昆,孟秀林等译,声表面波器件及其应用,日本电子材料工业会,1984
[8]Lord Rayleigh, On waves propagated along the plane surface of an elastic body, Proc. Math. Soc. London, 1885, 17, 4
[9]A. E. H. Love, Some problems of geodynamics, Ch. 176, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1911
[10]J. L. Bleustein, A new surface wave in piezoelectric material, Appl. Phys. Lett., 1968, 13, 412
[11]Y. V. Gulyaev, Surface electroacoustic waves in solids, Soviet JETP Lett. 1969, 9, 63
[12]R. M. White, et al., Direct piezoelectric coupling to surface elastic waves, Appl. Phys. Lett., 1965, 7, 314
[13]Theodor Tamir, Integrated optics: theory and technology, 2-th, Berlin: Springer- Verlag, 1984
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