循经取穴治疗功能性消化不良的临床疗效评价及中枢响应特征研究
|
摘要
目的：
评价循经取穴治疗功能性消化不良(Functional Dyspepsia, FD)的临床疗效,探讨循经取穴治疗FD的中枢神经响应特征,为循经取穴治疗FD的临床运用提供科学的试验依据。
方法：
1、采用多中心、随机、对照的临床研究方法,通过中央随机系统将符合纳入标准的354例FD患者随机分为A组(循经取穴组)、B组(非循经取穴组)和C组(非经非穴组)。按照不同的取穴方案,各组受试者每天接受1次电针治疗,共治疗20次。以尼平消化不良量表(Nepean Dyspepsia Index, NDI)生活质量评分表和消化不良症状积分为疗效评价指标,分别于治疗2周、治疗结束、治疗结束后4周随访和12周随访4个时间点评价不同取穴针刺治疗FD的临床疗效。
2、从临床研究各组中各纳入10例符合脑功能成像研究要求的FD患者,以正电子发射计算机断层扫描(Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, PET-CT)技术为研究手段,通过对比FD患者与健康受试者静息状态下脑葡萄糖代谢的差异,对比病情较轻FD患者与病情较重FD患者静息状态下脑葡萄糖代谢的差异,分析FD患者各个脑区葡萄糖代谢的变化与病情的相关性,探讨FD患者静息状态下脑功能活动的特征,筛选与FD病情相关的重点脑区；再通过对比不同取穴针刺对FD患者脑功能和FD病情相关重点脑区的影响,探讨循经取穴针刺治疗FD的中枢响应特征。
结果：
1、循经取穴针刺治疗FD的临床疗效评价结果
(1)3组受试者基线一致,具有可比性。
(2)NDI量表评价结果显示：3组FD患者针刺治疗后NDI量表评分与治疗前相比均显著降低(p<0.01)。但只有A组在治疗2周、治疗结束、治疗结束后4周随访和12周随访4个时间点的NDI量表评分改善值均具有临床意义(改善值≥10分)；A组在4个疗效评价时间点的NDI量表评分改善值与B组、C组相应时间点NDI量表评分改善值相比均有统计学差异(p<0.01)。
(3)消化不良症状积分结果显示：A组针刺治疗后4个主症症状积分与治疗前相比均显著降低(p<0.05)。A组在4个时间点的餐后饱胀不适症状积分改善值、在3个时间点(除12周随访)的早饱症状积分改善值、在2个时间点(除2次随访)的上腹痛症状积分改善值与B组、C组相应时间点的改善值相比,均有统计学差异(p<0.05)。
(4)治疗结束时,A组总有效率(FAS集：92.27%,PP集：97.27%)与B组、C组比较均有统计学差异(p<0.01)。
2、FD患者静息态脑功能活动特征研究结果
(1)健康受试者与FD患者静息状态下脑葡萄糖代谢的差异：与健康受试者相比,FD患者以边缘系统为主的多个脑区葡萄糖代谢显著增高,包括双侧脑岛(Brodmman area 13, BA13),前扣带回(Anterior Cingulate Cortex, ACC) (BA24, BA32)、中扣带回(Middle Cingulate Cortex,MCC)(BA23,BA32)、后扣带回(Posterior Cingulate Cortex,PCC) (BA30)、海马旁回(BA35)、尾状核、屏状核、豆状核、海马、下丘脑、杏仁核和小脑,双侧额叶(BA47、BA8、BA9、BA10、BA4、BA3、BA1l),双侧枕叶(BA23、BA37、BA19),双侧顶叶(BA43、BA7、BA40、BA39、和双侧颞叶(BA20、BA21、BA38、BA41)(p<0.001)；未见葡萄糖代谢降低区域。
(2)与FD病情密切相关的重点脑区：FD患者双侧丘脑、ACC、MCC、脑岛和小脑葡萄糖代谢的异常增高与NDI量表评分呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),与病情呈显著正相关；与病情较轻FD患者相比,病情较重FD患者双侧丘脑、ACC、MCC、脑岛和小脑的葡萄糖代谢显著增高(p<0.005)
3、循经取穴针刺对FD患者脑功能的影响研究结果
(1)各组针刺对FD患者脑功能活动的影响：A组针刺后FD患者边缘系统-大脑各个脑区异常增高的葡萄糖代谢全面降低,包括：双侧脑岛(BA13)、ACC (BA24、BA32)、MCC (BA31、BA32)、PCC (BA29、BA30)、丘脑、海马旁回(BA35、BA19)、尾状核、屏状核、豆状核、海马、下丘脑、杏仁核和小脑,双侧额叶(BA6、BA8、BA9、BA45、BA47、BA11、BA3),双侧枕叶(BA19),双侧顶叶(BA7、BA40、BA23、BA39),双侧颞叶(BA37、BA19、BA21、BA22) (p <0.005); B组针刺后FD患者左侧ACC (BA24)、PCC (BA31)、豆状核、海马、梭状回(BA 37)和颞下回(BA20),双侧丘脑腹外侧核和小脑扁桃体异常增高的葡萄糖代谢显著降低(p<0.005)；C组针刺后FD患者右侧MCC(BA23),左侧额中回(BA6),双侧PCC(BA23)、丘脑腹外侧核、顶叶楔前叶(BA30)、枕叶舌回(BA17)、中央前回(BA6)和小脑山坡异常增高的葡萄糖代谢显著降低(p<0.005)。
(2)各组针刺对FD病情相关重点脑区功能活动的影响：A组针刺对FD病情相关的所有重点脑区——双侧脑岛、ACC、丘脑、MCC和小脑的异常激活均有显著的抑制作用(p<0.05)；B组针刺只对左侧ACC异常激活有显著的抑制作用(p<0.05)；C组只对右侧MCC和右侧丘脑的异常激活有显著的抑制作用(p<0.05)。
结论：
1、循经取穴针刺治疗FD疗效优于非循经取穴和非经非穴针刺,循经取穴治疗FD安全、有效。
2、FD患者与健康受试者相比静息状态下脑功能活动存在显著差异。边缘系统-大脑葡萄糖代谢的整体升高可能是FD患者静息态脑功能活动的主要特征。ACC、脑岛、丘脑、MCC和小脑可能是与FD病情密切相关的重点脑区。
3、循经取穴针刺可全面降低FD患者边缘系统-大脑各脑区异常增高的葡萄糖代谢,显著调节与FD病情相关的各个重点脑区的功能活动。与非循经取穴和非经非穴针刺相比,循经取穴针刺治疗FD的中枢响应以边缘系统-大脑的协同整合及对FD病情相关重点脑区的靶向性调节为特征。
Aim:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and explore the central mechanism of puncturing at the acupoints on the involved meridian for Functional Dyspepsia patients.
Methods:
1. Multi-center, randomized and controlled trial was designed.354 patients who matched the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into 3 groups. Each group was administered puncturing at different ponints:Group A:acupoints on the involved meridian (ST34, ST36, ST40 and ST42); Group B:acupoints on the non-involved meridian (GB34, GB36, GB37and GB40), and Group C at four non-acupoints. Electroacupuncture with HAN's acupoint nerve stimulator was used at these points respectively once per day and totally for 20 days. The Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI) and Dyspepsic Symptom Score were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy after 10 days' and 20 days'treatment,4 weeks follow-up and 12 weeks follow-up.
2. Brain fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) was performed on 32 FD patients and 12 healthy subjects (HS) in resting state. The characteristics of resting-brain activities in FD patients were obtained by comparing the cerebral glycometabolisms in FD patients with those in HS, the cerebral glycometabolisms in the milder FD patients and those in the relatively severer FD patients using Statistical Parametric Mapping software (SPM5.0), and analyzing the correlation between the changes in cerebral glycometabolism and the NDI scores of FD patients.18F-FDG PET-CT was performed on FD patients in Group A, B and C after 20 days'treatment. The characteristics of cerebral responses to puncturing at the acupoints on the involved meridian were obtained by comparing the changes in cerebral glycometabolism of the FD patients in Group A after acupuncture treatment with those of the FD patients in Group B and Group C.
Results:
1. The clinical efficacy of puncturing at the acupoints on the involved meridian
1) The baselines of the three groups showed no statistical differences (p>0.05)
2) Although the NDI scores for Group A, Group B and Group C were all significantly improved after the treatment (p<0.01), only the improvements in Group A at all four assessment times were clinically significant, with an increase of more than 10 points on the NDI total scores. The changes in the NDI scores of Group A very significantly differed from those of Group B and Group C at all four assessment times (p＜0.01)
3) The Dyspepsic Symptom Scoreson the four main symptoms for Group A were all significantly improved after the treatment (p<0.05). The improvements on postprandial fullness, early satiation and pigastric pain in Group A were significant better than those in Group B and Group C (p<0.05)
4) There was significant difference between the three groups in the overall efficacy at the end of treatment (p<0.01).
2. The characters of resting-brain activities in FD patients
1) The difference in cerebrl activities between FD patients and HS:Compared to the HS, the FD patients showed increased glycometabolism in Insula (Brodmman area 13, BA13), Cingulate Cortex (BA24.31,32,30), Parahippocampal Gyrus (BA35), Caudate, Claustrum, Lentiform Nucleus, Thalamus, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Amygdala, Cerebellum, Frontal Cortex (BA3,4,8,9,10,11,47), Temporal Cortex (BA20,21,39,41), Parietal Lobe (BA7,40,43.39) and Occipital Lobe (BA23,37.19) (p<0.001);
2) The key regions which might be closely relate to the pathology of FD:the activations in Middle Cingulate Cortex (MCC), Cerebellum, Thalamus, Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) and Insula showed a very significant negative correlation with the NDI scores (p<0.01):the activations in MCC, Thalamus, ACC, Insula and cerebullum of the relatively severer patients significantly differ from those of the milder patients (p<0.005).
3. The influence of different acupuncture methods on the resting-brain activities in FD patients
1) The abnormally high cerebral glycometabolism of FD patients in Group A were all decreased significently after acupuncture treatment at Insula (BA 13), Cingulate Cortex (BA 24,31,32,29), Parahippocampal Gyrus (BA35), Caudate, Claustrum, Lentiform Nucleus, Thalamus, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Amygdala, Cerebellum, Frontal Lobe (BA 3,6,8,9,11,45,47), Temporal Lobe (BA19,21,22,37), Parietal Lobe (BA7,40,23,.39) and Occipital Lobe (BA 19) (p<0.005); The abonormally high cerebral glycometabolism of FD patients in Group B were slightly decreased after acupuncture treatment at left ACC (BA24), Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC, BA31), Lentiform Nucleus, Hippocampus Fusiform Gyrus (BA 37) and Inferior Temporal Gyrus (BA20), bilateral Thalamus and Cerebellum Tonsil (p<0.005); The abonormally increased cerebral glycometabolism of FD patients were partly decreased after acupuncture treatment of Group B including right MCC (BA23), left Middle Frontal Gyrus (BA6), bilateral PCC (BA23), Thalamus, Precuneus (BA30), Lingual Gyrus (BA17), Precentral Gyrus (BA6) and Cerebellum (p<0.005)
2) All the key regions which might closely related to the pathology of FD including MCC, Cerebellum, Thalamus, ACC and Insula all showed significantly signal decrease after acupuncture treatment of Group A (p<0.05); only left ACC showed a signal decrease after acupuncture treatment of Group B (p<0.05); only right MCC and Thalamus showed signal decrease after acupuncture treatment of Group C (p<0.05)
Conclusions:
1. The clinical efficacy of puncturing are better at the acupoints on the involved meridian (Group A) for FD than at the acupoints on the non-involved meridian (Group B) and at non-acupoints (Group C).
2. There are significant differences in resting brain activities between FD patients and HS. The general hyperactivities in cerebral-limbic system should be the main characteristic of the brain activities in FD patients. ACC, Insula, Thalamus, Cerebellum and MCC might be the core regions that closely relate to the pathogenesis of FD.
3. The cerebral response to puncture at the acupoints on the involved meridian for FD might be characterized by inducing the co-operation of cerebrum and limbic system and regulating the functions of the FD-related key regions.
评价循经取穴治疗功能性消化不良(Functional Dyspepsia, FD)的临床疗效,探讨循经取穴治疗FD的中枢神经响应特征,为循经取穴治疗FD的临床运用提供科学的试验依据。
方法：
1、采用多中心、随机、对照的临床研究方法,通过中央随机系统将符合纳入标准的354例FD患者随机分为A组(循经取穴组)、B组(非循经取穴组)和C组(非经非穴组)。按照不同的取穴方案,各组受试者每天接受1次电针治疗,共治疗20次。以尼平消化不良量表(Nepean Dyspepsia Index, NDI)生活质量评分表和消化不良症状积分为疗效评价指标,分别于治疗2周、治疗结束、治疗结束后4周随访和12周随访4个时间点评价不同取穴针刺治疗FD的临床疗效。
2、从临床研究各组中各纳入10例符合脑功能成像研究要求的FD患者,以正电子发射计算机断层扫描(Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, PET-CT)技术为研究手段,通过对比FD患者与健康受试者静息状态下脑葡萄糖代谢的差异,对比病情较轻FD患者与病情较重FD患者静息状态下脑葡萄糖代谢的差异,分析FD患者各个脑区葡萄糖代谢的变化与病情的相关性,探讨FD患者静息状态下脑功能活动的特征,筛选与FD病情相关的重点脑区；再通过对比不同取穴针刺对FD患者脑功能和FD病情相关重点脑区的影响,探讨循经取穴针刺治疗FD的中枢响应特征。
结果：
1、循经取穴针刺治疗FD的临床疗效评价结果
(1)3组受试者基线一致,具有可比性。
(2)NDI量表评价结果显示：3组FD患者针刺治疗后NDI量表评分与治疗前相比均显著降低(p<0.01)。但只有A组在治疗2周、治疗结束、治疗结束后4周随访和12周随访4个时间点的NDI量表评分改善值均具有临床意义(改善值≥10分)；A组在4个疗效评价时间点的NDI量表评分改善值与B组、C组相应时间点NDI量表评分改善值相比均有统计学差异(p<0.01)。
(3)消化不良症状积分结果显示：A组针刺治疗后4个主症症状积分与治疗前相比均显著降低(p<0.05)。A组在4个时间点的餐后饱胀不适症状积分改善值、在3个时间点(除12周随访)的早饱症状积分改善值、在2个时间点(除2次随访)的上腹痛症状积分改善值与B组、C组相应时间点的改善值相比,均有统计学差异(p<0.05)。
(4)治疗结束时,A组总有效率(FAS集：92.27%,PP集：97.27%)与B组、C组比较均有统计学差异(p<0.01)。
2、FD患者静息态脑功能活动特征研究结果
(1)健康受试者与FD患者静息状态下脑葡萄糖代谢的差异：与健康受试者相比,FD患者以边缘系统为主的多个脑区葡萄糖代谢显著增高,包括双侧脑岛(Brodmman area 13, BA13),前扣带回(Anterior Cingulate Cortex, ACC) (BA24, BA32)、中扣带回(Middle Cingulate Cortex,MCC)(BA23,BA32)、后扣带回(Posterior Cingulate Cortex,PCC) (BA30)、海马旁回(BA35)、尾状核、屏状核、豆状核、海马、下丘脑、杏仁核和小脑,双侧额叶(BA47、BA8、BA9、BA10、BA4、BA3、BA1l),双侧枕叶(BA23、BA37、BA19),双侧顶叶(BA43、BA7、BA40、BA39、和双侧颞叶(BA20、BA21、BA38、BA41)(p<0.001)；未见葡萄糖代谢降低区域。
(2)与FD病情密切相关的重点脑区：FD患者双侧丘脑、ACC、MCC、脑岛和小脑葡萄糖代谢的异常增高与NDI量表评分呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),与病情呈显著正相关；与病情较轻FD患者相比,病情较重FD患者双侧丘脑、ACC、MCC、脑岛和小脑的葡萄糖代谢显著增高(p<0.005)
3、循经取穴针刺对FD患者脑功能的影响研究结果
(1)各组针刺对FD患者脑功能活动的影响：A组针刺后FD患者边缘系统-大脑各个脑区异常增高的葡萄糖代谢全面降低,包括：双侧脑岛(BA13)、ACC (BA24、BA32)、MCC (BA31、BA32)、PCC (BA29、BA30)、丘脑、海马旁回(BA35、BA19)、尾状核、屏状核、豆状核、海马、下丘脑、杏仁核和小脑,双侧额叶(BA6、BA8、BA9、BA45、BA47、BA11、BA3),双侧枕叶(BA19),双侧顶叶(BA7、BA40、BA23、BA39),双侧颞叶(BA37、BA19、BA21、BA22) (p <0.005); B组针刺后FD患者左侧ACC (BA24)、PCC (BA31)、豆状核、海马、梭状回(BA 37)和颞下回(BA20),双侧丘脑腹外侧核和小脑扁桃体异常增高的葡萄糖代谢显著降低(p<0.005)；C组针刺后FD患者右侧MCC(BA23),左侧额中回(BA6),双侧PCC(BA23)、丘脑腹外侧核、顶叶楔前叶(BA30)、枕叶舌回(BA17)、中央前回(BA6)和小脑山坡异常增高的葡萄糖代谢显著降低(p<0.005)。
(2)各组针刺对FD病情相关重点脑区功能活动的影响：A组针刺对FD病情相关的所有重点脑区——双侧脑岛、ACC、丘脑、MCC和小脑的异常激活均有显著的抑制作用(p<0.05)；B组针刺只对左侧ACC异常激活有显著的抑制作用(p<0.05)；C组只对右侧MCC和右侧丘脑的异常激活有显著的抑制作用(p<0.05)。
结论：
1、循经取穴针刺治疗FD疗效优于非循经取穴和非经非穴针刺,循经取穴治疗FD安全、有效。
2、FD患者与健康受试者相比静息状态下脑功能活动存在显著差异。边缘系统-大脑葡萄糖代谢的整体升高可能是FD患者静息态脑功能活动的主要特征。ACC、脑岛、丘脑、MCC和小脑可能是与FD病情密切相关的重点脑区。
3、循经取穴针刺可全面降低FD患者边缘系统-大脑各脑区异常增高的葡萄糖代谢,显著调节与FD病情相关的各个重点脑区的功能活动。与非循经取穴和非经非穴针刺相比,循经取穴针刺治疗FD的中枢响应以边缘系统-大脑的协同整合及对FD病情相关重点脑区的靶向性调节为特征。
Aim:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and explore the central mechanism of puncturing at the acupoints on the involved meridian for Functional Dyspepsia patients.
Methods:
1. Multi-center, randomized and controlled trial was designed.354 patients who matched the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into 3 groups. Each group was administered puncturing at different ponints:Group A:acupoints on the involved meridian (ST34, ST36, ST40 and ST42); Group B:acupoints on the non-involved meridian (GB34, GB36, GB37and GB40), and Group C at four non-acupoints. Electroacupuncture with HAN's acupoint nerve stimulator was used at these points respectively once per day and totally for 20 days. The Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI) and Dyspepsic Symptom Score were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy after 10 days' and 20 days'treatment,4 weeks follow-up and 12 weeks follow-up.
2. Brain fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) was performed on 32 FD patients and 12 healthy subjects (HS) in resting state. The characteristics of resting-brain activities in FD patients were obtained by comparing the cerebral glycometabolisms in FD patients with those in HS, the cerebral glycometabolisms in the milder FD patients and those in the relatively severer FD patients using Statistical Parametric Mapping software (SPM5.0), and analyzing the correlation between the changes in cerebral glycometabolism and the NDI scores of FD patients.18F-FDG PET-CT was performed on FD patients in Group A, B and C after 20 days'treatment. The characteristics of cerebral responses to puncturing at the acupoints on the involved meridian were obtained by comparing the changes in cerebral glycometabolism of the FD patients in Group A after acupuncture treatment with those of the FD patients in Group B and Group C.
Results:
1. The clinical efficacy of puncturing at the acupoints on the involved meridian
1) The baselines of the three groups showed no statistical differences (p>0.05)
2) Although the NDI scores for Group A, Group B and Group C were all significantly improved after the treatment (p<0.01), only the improvements in Group A at all four assessment times were clinically significant, with an increase of more than 10 points on the NDI total scores. The changes in the NDI scores of Group A very significantly differed from those of Group B and Group C at all four assessment times (p＜0.01)
3) The Dyspepsic Symptom Scoreson the four main symptoms for Group A were all significantly improved after the treatment (p<0.05). The improvements on postprandial fullness, early satiation and pigastric pain in Group A were significant better than those in Group B and Group C (p<0.05)
4) There was significant difference between the three groups in the overall efficacy at the end of treatment (p<0.01).
2. The characters of resting-brain activities in FD patients
1) The difference in cerebrl activities between FD patients and HS:Compared to the HS, the FD patients showed increased glycometabolism in Insula (Brodmman area 13, BA13), Cingulate Cortex (BA24.31,32,30), Parahippocampal Gyrus (BA35), Caudate, Claustrum, Lentiform Nucleus, Thalamus, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Amygdala, Cerebellum, Frontal Cortex (BA3,4,8,9,10,11,47), Temporal Cortex (BA20,21,39,41), Parietal Lobe (BA7,40,43.39) and Occipital Lobe (BA23,37.19) (p<0.001);
2) The key regions which might be closely relate to the pathology of FD:the activations in Middle Cingulate Cortex (MCC), Cerebellum, Thalamus, Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) and Insula showed a very significant negative correlation with the NDI scores (p<0.01):the activations in MCC, Thalamus, ACC, Insula and cerebullum of the relatively severer patients significantly differ from those of the milder patients (p<0.005).
3. The influence of different acupuncture methods on the resting-brain activities in FD patients
1) The abnormally high cerebral glycometabolism of FD patients in Group A were all decreased significently after acupuncture treatment at Insula (BA 13), Cingulate Cortex (BA 24,31,32,29), Parahippocampal Gyrus (BA35), Caudate, Claustrum, Lentiform Nucleus, Thalamus, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Amygdala, Cerebellum, Frontal Lobe (BA 3,6,8,9,11,45,47), Temporal Lobe (BA19,21,22,37), Parietal Lobe (BA7,40,23,.39) and Occipital Lobe (BA 19) (p<0.005); The abonormally high cerebral glycometabolism of FD patients in Group B were slightly decreased after acupuncture treatment at left ACC (BA24), Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC, BA31), Lentiform Nucleus, Hippocampus Fusiform Gyrus (BA 37) and Inferior Temporal Gyrus (BA20), bilateral Thalamus and Cerebellum Tonsil (p<0.005); The abonormally increased cerebral glycometabolism of FD patients were partly decreased after acupuncture treatment of Group B including right MCC (BA23), left Middle Frontal Gyrus (BA6), bilateral PCC (BA23), Thalamus, Precuneus (BA30), Lingual Gyrus (BA17), Precentral Gyrus (BA6) and Cerebellum (p<0.005)
2) All the key regions which might closely related to the pathology of FD including MCC, Cerebellum, Thalamus, ACC and Insula all showed significantly signal decrease after acupuncture treatment of Group A (p<0.05); only left ACC showed a signal decrease after acupuncture treatment of Group B (p<0.05); only right MCC and Thalamus showed signal decrease after acupuncture treatment of Group C (p<0.05)
Conclusions:
1. The clinical efficacy of puncturing are better at the acupoints on the involved meridian (Group A) for FD than at the acupoints on the non-involved meridian (Group B) and at non-acupoints (Group C).
2. There are significant differences in resting brain activities between FD patients and HS. The general hyperactivities in cerebral-limbic system should be the main characteristic of the brain activities in FD patients. ACC, Insula, Thalamus, Cerebellum and MCC might be the core regions that closely relate to the pathogenesis of FD.
3. The cerebral response to puncture at the acupoints on the involved meridian for FD might be characterized by inducing the co-operation of cerebrum and limbic system and regulating the functions of the FD-related key regions.
引文
1.朱江,付平,梁军,等.腧穴研究进展[J].中国针灸,2003,23(3)：183-186.
2.楼海萍,杜鹃.针灸治疗功能性消化不良的研究进展[J].浙江省医学科学院学报,2006,(2)：41-44.
3.崔延超,程耀南,杨运宽.针灸治疗功能性消化不良研究进展[J].实用中医药杂志,2007,23(4)：265-266.
4.骆乐,寿依群,陈文君.针刺治疗功能性消化不良临床研究[J].中国针灸,2002,22(2)：89
5.谢辉,徐朝辉.电针加TDP治疗功能性消化不良60例疗效观察[J].上海针灸杂志,2006,25(2)：13-14.
6.唐胜修,徐祖豪,唐萍.针刺治疗功能性消化不良的对照研究[J].四川中医,2006,24(4)：101
7.赵亚萍,刘晓辉,丁敏.针刺八脉交会穴和下合穴治疗功能性消化不良45例临床观察[J].江苏中医药,2005,26(9)：30.
8.赵会玲.针灸治疗功能性消化不良50例[J].陕西中医,2007,28(7)：883-889.
9.谢惺,朱欢,吴曦,等.针灸治疗功能性消化不良临床对照文献用穴规律评析[J].成都中医药大学学报,2008,31(1)：1-3.
10. Ma Ting-ting, Tian Xiao-ping, Lliang Fan-rong. Present situation of study and view on functional dyspepsia Treated with specific acupoints in acupuncture[J]. World J. Acu-moxi,2008,18(3): 45-52.
11. Mahadeva S, Wee HL, Goh KL, et al. Quality of life in South East Asian patients who consult for dyspepsia:validation of the short form Nepean Dyspepsia Index e[J]. Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2009,23(7):45-54.
12. El-Serag HB, Talley NJ. Health-related quality of life in functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2003,18(4):387-393.
13. Talley NJ, Locke GR 3rd, Lahr BD, et al. Functional dyspepsia, delayed gastric emptying, and impaired quality of life[J]. Gut,2006,55(7):933-939.
14. Vandenberghe J, Dupont P, Van Oudenhove L, et al. Regional cerebral blood flow during gastric balloon distention in functional dyspepsia[J]. Gastroenterology,2007,132(5):1684-1693.
15. Fang Z, Wenzhong S, Xuguang Liu, et al. Brain areas involve in acupuncture treatment on functional dyspepsia patients A PET-CT study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,456(1):6-10.
16.刘乡.大脑皮层和皮层下核团对中缝大核的调控及其在针刺镇痛中的作用[J].针刺研究,1996,21(1)：4-11.
17. Hui KK, Liu J, Makris N, et al. Acupuncture modulates the limbic system and subcortical gray structures of the human brain:evidence from fMRI studies in normal subjects[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2000,9(1):13-25.
18. Fang J, Jin Z, Wang Y, et al. The salient characteristics of the central effects of acupuncture needling:Limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network modulation[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2009, 30(4):1196-1206
20. Wu MT, Hiseh JC, Xiong G, et al. Central neous pathway for acupuncture stimulation: localization of processing with functional MR images Of the brain preliminary experience[J]. Radiology,1999,212(1):13.
19. Vitaly Napadow, Nikos Makris, Jing Liu, et al. Effects of Electroacupuncture versus Manual Acupuncture on the Human Brain as Measured by fMRI[J]. Human Brain Mapp,2005, 24(3):193-205.
21. Yin L, Jin X.L, Qiao W.A, et al. PET-CT image of brain function while puncturing the acupoints ST36[J]. Chinese Medical Journal,2003,116(12):1836-1839.
22.李琳,许建阳,李永忠,等.针刺足阳明胃经两相邻穴位脑功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2008,24(7)：1001-1003.
23.吴志远,缪飞,项琼瑶,等.针刺同一经络不同穴位的磁共振脑功能成像对比研究[J].中国医学影像学杂志,2008,16(2)：101-103.
24. Tack J, Talley NJ, et al. Functional Gastroduodenal Disorders[J]. Gastroenterology,2006,,130: 1466-1479.
25.王家良.临床流行病学[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社,2001：142.
26.GB/T 12346-2006,腧穴名称与定位(中华人民共和国国家标准)[S].北京：中国标准出版社,2006：12-13,31-32
27.石学敏.针灸学(新世纪全国中医药院校规划教材)[M].北京：中国中医药出版社,2002：46-48,97-98
28. Jones M, Talley NJ.Minimum clinically important difference for the Nepean Dyspepsia Index, a validated quality of life scale for functional dyspepsia[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2009, 104(6):1483-1488.
29.毛爱民.古代针灸治疗失眠处方配穴原则及规律[J].辽宁中医杂志,2005,32(5)：463-464.
30.史江峰,赵京生.癃闭选经取穴的历代文献分析[J].江西中医学院学报,2005,17(6)：9-10.
31.赵艳鸿,王富春,班东林,等.大肠腑病古代取穴规律探讨[J].医药信息,2005,22(3)：6-8.
32.陈贵珍,许云祥.腰痛“经络辨证”的理论探析及临床应用[J].中国自然医学杂志,2002,4(1)：44.
33.裴景春,冯起国,郑利岩,等.东汉以前针灸处方配穴原则及规律的探讨[J].辽宁中医杂志,2000,27(1)：31-33.
34. Yang ZB, Yan J, Zou XP, et al. Enhanced expression of epidermal growth factor receptor gene in gastric mucosal cells by the serum derived from rats treated with electroacupuncture at stomach meridian acupoints[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2006,12(34):5557-5561.
35.严洁,阳仁达,易受乡,等.从针刺不同经穴对家兔胃粘膜保护作用探讨多经司控同一脏腑的规律[J].中国针灸,2004,24(8)：579-582.
36.张建梁,陈淑萍,刘俊岭,等.电刺激猫心下神经对心包经及肺经穴位肌电影响的比较研究[J].中国中医药科技,1999,6(4)：201-203.
37. Napadow V, Kettner N, Liu J, et al, Hypothalamus and amygdala response to acupuncture stimuli in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome[J], Pain,2007,130(3):254-266.
38.王葳.针刺“四关穴”治疗阿尔茨海默病机制的脑fMRI系列研究[D].北京：首都医科大学博士学位论文.2005：50
39. Wang SM, Constable RT, Tokoglu FS, et al. Acupuncture-induced blood oxygenation level-dependent signals in awake and anesthetized volunteers:a pilot study[J]. Anesth Analg, 2007,105(2):499-506.
40. Haruma K, Imamura H, Kusunoki H, et al. Diagnosis and pathogenesis in functional dyspepsia[J]. Nippon Rinsho.2008,66 (7):1379-1384.
41. Moyyedi P, Mason J. Clinical and economic consequences of dyspepsia in the community [J]. Gut, 2002,50 Suppl 4:10-12.
42. Mones J, Adan A, Segu JL, et al. Quality of life in functional dyspepsia[J]. Dig Dis Sci,2002,47: 20-26.
43. El-Serag HB, Talley NJ. Systemic review:The prevalence and clinical course of functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2004,19(6):643-654.
44. Li Y, Nie Y, Sha W, et al. The link between psychosocial factors and functional dyspepsia:An epidemiological study[J]. Chin Med J,2002,115 (7):1082-1084.
45.平丽,李瑜元,聂玉强,等.体检人群中功能性胃肠疾病的患病调查[J].中华消化杂志,2002,3：190-191.
46. Brook RA, Kleinman NL, Choung RS, et al. Functional dyspepsia impacts absenteeism and direct and indirect costs[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2010 Mar 19. PMID:20304102.
47. Rabeneck L, Wray N, Graham D. Managing dyspepsia:What do we know and what do we need to know? [J]. Am J Gastroenterol,1998,93(6):913:920.
48.彭随风,杨家耀,时昭红.电针改善功能性消化不良胃动力、自主神经功能及心理状态[J].世界华人消化杂志,2008,16(36)：4105-4109.
49. Xu S, Hou X, Zha H, et al. Electroacupuncture accelerates solid gastric emptying and improves dyspeptic symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia[J]. Dig Dis Sci,2006, 51(12):2154-2159.
50. Yin J, Chen JD. Gastrointestinal motility disorders and acupuncture[J]. Auton Neurosci,2010 Apr 2. [Epub ahead of print].
51.唐胜修,梁列新.功能性消化不良针刺分型治疗胃动素和胃电参数的相关性[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2008,10(1)：85-86.
52.姚筱梅,姚树坤,张瑞星,等.针刺对功能性消化不良患者内脏敏感性的影响[J].针刺研究,2006,31(4)：228-231.
53.常小荣,严洁,林亚军,等.针刺足三里对功能性消化不良患者血浆胃肠激素的影响[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2001,9(5)：283.
54.谢惺,朱欢,吴曦,等.针灸治疗功能性消化不良的临床研究进展[J].成都中医药大学学报,2008,31(1)：1-4.
55.梁繁荣,任玉兰.针灸数据挖掘与临床决策[M].成都：巴蜀出版社,2009：269,248-277.
56.朱欢,谢惺,吴曦,等CONSORT结合STRICTA对针灸治疗功能性消化不良随机对照试验的质量评价[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,27(4)：42-45
57.赵家良.临床试验的原则与方法[J].中华眼科杂志,2001；37(1)：75-78
58.黄梅芳,俞昌德.介绍国外针灸临床研究中几种安慰对照方法[J].中国针灸,2003,23(10)：589-591
59.张宏伟,刘建平.临床试验中的盲法[J].中医杂志,2007；48(5)：408-410
60.胡卡明,王承平.针刺穴位与非穴位激活不同脑区的效应观察[J].中国针灸.2006,6(3)： 205-207.
61.汤键,杨广义,王绍瑛,等.电针对冠心病心电图ST段影响的初步探讨[J].中医药信息.1996,(5)：36.
62. Maioli C, Falciati L, Marangon M, et al. Short-and long-term modulation of upper limb motorevoked potentials induced by acupuncture[J].Eur J Neurosci,2006,23(7):1931-1938.
63. Assefi NP, Sherman KJ, Jacobsen C, et al. A randomized clinical trial of aupuncture compared with sham acupuncture in fibromyalgi[J]. Ann Intern Med,2005,143(1):10-19.
64. Brinkhaus B, Hummelsberger J, Kohnen R, et al. Acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis:a randomized-controlled clinical trial[J].Allergy,2004,59(9):953-960.
65.杨旭光.国内外针灸研究中非经非穴选取方法的评述[C].北京：世界针灸学会联合会成立20周年暨世界针灸学术大会论文摘要汇编.2007：20-22,209.
66. Chang CH, Huang JL,Ting CT,et al.Atropine-induced HRV alteration is not amended by electroacupuncture on Zusanli[J]. Am J Chin Med,2005,33(2):307-314.
67.石德军.半夏泻心汤加味治疗功能性消化不良60例[J].光明中医.2009,24(10)：1900.
68.姚俊.刘林.伊托必利治疗功能性消化不良疗效观察[J].现代中西医结合杂志.2009,18(34)：41-42.
69.田小平,李瑛,马婷婷,等.针灸治疗功能性消化不良疗效评价指标述评[J].辽宁中医杂志,2008,35(10)：1584-1585.
70.陈建永,潘锋,徐建,等.针刺对功能性消化不良胃动力的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2005,25(10)：880-882.
71. Jones MP, Sharp LK, Crowell MD. et al. Psychosocial correlates of symptoms in functional dyspepsia[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2005,3(6):521-528.
72. Chang L. Review article:epidemiology and quality of life in functional gastrointestinal disorders[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2004, Suppl 7:31-39.
73. Wahass S, Khalil MS, Al Qurain AA, et al. The impact of functional dyspepsia on health-related quality of life in Saudi patients[J]. Saudi J Gastroenterol,2006,12(3):123-129.
74. Veldhuyzen van Zanten SJ, Cleary C, Talley NJ, et al. Drug treatment of functional dyspepsia:a systematic analysis of trial methodology with recommendations for design of future trials [J]. Am J Gastroenterol,1996,91(4):660-673.
75. McHorney CA, Ware JE, Jr., Raczek AE:The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): Ⅱ. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs[J]. Med Care,1993,31(3):247-263.
76. Talley NJ, Haque M, Wyeth JW, et al. Development of a new Dyspepsia impact scale:The Nepean Dyspepsia Index(NDI) [J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,1999,13(2):225-235..
77. Wiklund IK, Junghard O, Grace E, et al. Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia patients. Psychometric documentation of a new disease-specific questionnaire (QOLRAD) [J]. Eur J Surg, Suppl 1998,(583):41-49.
78. Mahadeva S, Wee HL, Goh KL, et al. The EQ-5D (Euroqol) is a valid generic instrument for measuring quality of life in patients with dyspepsia[J]. BMC Gastroenterology,2009,9:20-43.
79. Lee EH, Hahm KB, Lee JH, et al. Development and validation of a functional dyspepsia-related quality of life (FD-QOL) scale in South Korea[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2006,21(1 Pt 2):268-274.
80. Talley NJ, Verlinden M, Jones M. Validity of a new quality of life scale for Functional Dyspepsia:A United States multicenter trial of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,1999,94(9):2390-2397.
81. Talley NJ, Verlinden M, Jones M. Quality of life in functional dyspepsia:responsiveness of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index and development of a new 10-item short form[J]. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics,2001,15(2):207-216.
82. Holtmann G, Talley NJ, Liebregts T, et al. A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Itopride in Functional Dyspepsia[J]. N Engl J Med,2006,354(8):832-840.
83. Boeckxstaens GE, Hirsch DP, Kuiken SD, et al. The proximal stomach and postprandial symptoms in functional dyspeptics[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2002,97(1):40-48.
84. Kato M, Watanabe M, Konishi S, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of famotidine in patients with functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2005, Suppl 2:27-31.
85. Holtmann G, Adam B, Haag S, et al. Efficacy of artichoke leafextract in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia:a six-week placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial[J]. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics,2003,18(12):1099-1105.
86. Adam B, Liebregts T, Saadat-Gilani K,,et al. Validation of the gastrointestinal symptom score for the assessment of symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2005,22(4):357-363.
87. Moayyedi P, Duffett S, Braunholtz D, et al. The Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire:a valid tool for measuring the presence and severity of dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,1998, 12(12):1257-1262.
88. Kulich KR, Madisch A, Pacini F, et al. Reliability and validity of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia (QOLRAD) questionnaire in dyspepsia:a six-country study[J]. Health and quality of life outcomes,2008,6:12.
89. Yan B, Li K, Xu J, et al. Acupoint-specific fMRI patterns in human brain[J]. Neurosci Lett,2005, 383(3):236-240.
90. Jellinger KA. Basis and application of acupuncture in neurology[J]. Wiener Medizinische Wocheasehrift,2000,150(13):278.
91. Biella G, Sotgiu ML, Pellegata G, et al. Acupuncture produces central activations in pain regions[J]. Neuro Image,2001,14(11):60.
92. Zaidi H, Vees H, Wissmeyer M. Molecular PET/CT imaging-guided radiation therapy treatment planning[J].Acad Radiol,2009,16(9):1108-11031.
93. MFASra E, Quon A. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography:the current technology and applications[J]. Radiol Clin North Am,2009,47(1):147-160.
94. Iyer VR, Lee SI. MRI, CT, and PET/CT for ovarian cancer detection and adnexal lesion characterization[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2010,194(2):311-321.
85. Ford EC, Herman J, Yorke E, et al.18F-FDG PET/CT for image-guided and intensity-modulated radiotherapy [J]. J Nucl Med,2009,50(10):1655-1665
96. Ben-Haim S, Ell P.18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in the evaluation of cancer treatment response[J]. Nucl Med,2009,50(1):88-99.
97.张向宇,高硕,赵建国,等.不同穴位组合对脑梗死患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响——PET研究[J].中国针灸,2007,27(1)：26-31.
98.罗耀武,唐安戊,李东江.PET显像在血管性痴呆针刺治疗中的应用研究[J].广东医学,2008,29(12)：2015-2016.
99.卓鹰,黄泳,姜雪梅,等.头针对帕金森病患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2006,12(1)：33-34.
100.李霁,左传涛,董竞成,等.表里经穴电针时脑葡萄糖代谢PET对照研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,27(8)：38-40.
101.邵广瑞,闫镔,柳澄,等.针刺委中穴与足三里穴PET/CT脑功能显像研究[J].中华核医学杂志,2006,26(1)：54-56.
102.张贵锋,赖新生,唐纯志,等.针刺外关穴中枢激活效应的PET脑功能成像研究[J].广东医学,2009,30(1)：133-137.
103.李学智,刘旭光,宋文忠,等.针刺少阳经穴对慢性偏头痛患者脑内葡萄糖代谢变化的影响[J].中国针灸,2008,28(11)：854-859.
104.李国彰.神经生理学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2007：304-306.
105. Baklavadzhian OG, Nersesian LB, Avetisian EA, et al. The neuronal organization of the limbic (cingulo-)-visceral reflex arc[J]. Usp Fiziol Nauk,2000,31(4):11-23.
106. Suyama S, Takano E, Iwasaki Y, et al. Roles and functional interplay of the gut, brain stem, hypothalamus and limbic system in regulation of feeding[J]. Nippon Rinsho,2009, 67(2):277-286.
107. Ladabaum U, Roberts TP, McGonigle DJ. Gastric fundic distension activates fronto-limbic structures but not primary somatosensory cortex:a functional magnetic resonance imaging study[J]. Neuroimage,2007,34(2):724-732.
108. Vandenberghe J, Dupont P, Fischler B, et al. Regional brain activation during proximal stomach distention in humans:A positron emission tomography study[J]. Gastroenterology, 2005,128(3):564-573.
109. Hobson AR, Furlong PL, Worthen SF, et al. Real-time imaging of human cortical activity evoked by painful esophageal stimulation[J]. Gastroenterology,2005,128(3):610-619.
110. Naliboff BD, Berman S, Suyenobu B, et al. Longitudinal Change in Perceptual and Brain Activation Response to Visceral Stimuli in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients[J]. Gastroenterology,2006,131(2):352-365.
111. Van Oudenhove L, Demyttenaere K, Tack J, et al. Central nervous system involvement in functional gastrointestinal disorders[J]. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology,2004, 18(4):663-680.
112. Mayer EA, Aziz Q, Coen S, et al. Brain imaging approaches to the study of functional GI disorders:a Rome working team report[J]. Neurogastroenterol Motil,2009,21(6):579-596.
113. Mayer EA, Naliboff BD, Craig AD Neuroimaging of the brain-gut axis:from basic understanding to treatment of functional GI disorders[J]. Gastroenterology,2006,131(6):1925-1942.
114. Fox MD, Raichle ME. Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Nat Rev Neurosci,2007,8(9):700-711.
115. Qi Z, Wu X, Wang Z, et al. Impairment and compensation coexist in amnestic MCI default mode network[J]. Neuroimage,2010,50(1):48-55.
116. Greicius MD, Srivastava G, Reiss AL, et al. Default-mode network activity distinguishes Alzheimer's disease from healthy aging:evidence from functional MRI[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2004,101(13):4637-4642.
117. Rotarska-Jagiela A, van de Ven V, Oertel-Knochel V, et al. Resting-state functional network correlates of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia[J]. Schizophr Res,2010,117(1):21-30.
118. Bluhm R, Williamson P, Lanius R, et al. Resting state default-mode network connectivity in early depression using a seed region-of-interest analysis:decreased connectivity with caudate nucleus[J]. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci,2009,63(6):754-761.
119. Minshew NJ, Keller TA. The nature of brain dysfunction in autism:functional brain imaging studies[J], Curr Opin Neurol,2010,23(2):124-130.
120. Yuan K, Qin W, Dong M,et al. Combining spatial and temporal information to explore resting-state networks changes in abstinent heroin-dependent individuals[J]. Neurosci Lett,2010, 475(1):20-24.
121. Baliki MN, Geha PY, Apkarian AV, et al. Beyond feeling:chronic pain hurts the brain, disrupting the default-mode network dynamics[J]. J Neurosci,2008,28(6):1398-1403.
122. Buckner RL, Andrews-Hanna JR, Schacter DL. The brain's default network:anatomy, function, and relevance to disease[J]. Ann N Y Acad Sci,2008,1124:1-38.
123. Derbyshire SW. A systematic review of neuroimaging data during visceral stimulation[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2003,98(1):12-20.
124. Aziz Q, Thompson DG, Ng VW, et al. Cortical processing of human somatic and visceral sensation[J]. J Neurosci,2000,20(7):2657-2663.
125. Van Oudenhove L, Coen SJ, Aziz Q. Functional brain imaging of gastrointestinal sensation in health and disease[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2007,13(25):3438-3445.
126. Chua AS. Reassessment of function dyspepsia:A topic review[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2006,12(17):2656-2659.
127. O'Mahony S, Dinan TG, Keeling PW, et al. Central serotonergic and noradrenergic receptors in functional dyspepsia[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2006,12(17):2681-2687.
128. Budavari AI, Olden KW. Psychosocial aspects of functional gastrointestinal disorders[J]. Gastroenterol Clin North Am,2003,32(2):477-506.
129. Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, et al. Neurobiology of emotion perception Ⅰ:The neural basis of normal emotion perception[J]. Biol Psychiatry,2003,54(5):504-514.
130. Simons JS, Spiers HJ. Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory[J]. Nat Rev Neurosci,2003,4(8):637-648.
131. Koenigs M, Barbey AK, Postle BR, et al. Superior parietal cortex is critical for the manipulation of information in working memory[J]. J Neurosci,2009,29(47):14980-14986.
132.张嵘,邹燕琴,黄穗乔,等.脑功能磁共振成像在针刺合谷、足三里与内关、三阴交穴位后的影像学特征变化比较[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(22)：4271-4274.
133. Liu P, Zhang Y, Zhou G, et al. Partial correlation investigation on the default mode network involved in acupuncture:an fMRI study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,462(3):183-187.
134.刘华,单保慈,高殿帅,等.针刺太冲、合谷两穴位引起的小脑响应的差异：fMRI研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2006,22(8)：1165-1167.
135.陈尚杰,刘波,符文彬,等.针刺神门穴和养老穴激活不同脑功能区的功能性磁共振成像研究[J].针刺研究,2008,33(4)：267-271.
136.邹明珠,周诚,陈敏,等.针刺穴位的脑功能磁共振成像研究针刺中渚穴和阳陵泉穴与大脑皮质兴奋性的关系[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志,2009,16(4)：266-271.
137.付平,贾建平,王葳,电针内关和神门穴对脑功能成像不同影响的观察[J].中国针灸,2005,25(1)：61-63.
138. Bai L, Yan H, Li L, et al. Neural specificity of acupuncture stimulation at pericardium 6: evidence from an fMRI study[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging,2010,31(1):71-77.
139. Phillips ML, Gregory LJ, Cullen S, et al. The effect of negative emotional context on neural and behavioural responses to oesophageal stimulation[J]. Brain,2003,126(Pt 3):669-684.
140. Bruce D. Naliboff, Stuart W. G. Derbyshire, et al. Cerebral Activation in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Control Subjects During Rectosigmoid Stimulation[J]. Psychosomatic Medicine,2001,63:365-375.
141. Allen G, Buxton RB, Wong EC, et al. Attentional activation of the cerebellum independent of motor involvement[J]. Science,1997,275(5308):1940-1943.
142. Berman S, Munakata J, Naliboff BD, et al. Gender differences in regional brain response to visceral pressure in IBS patients[J]. Eur. J. Pain,2000,4(2):157-172.
1. Yan B, Li K, Xu J, et al. Acupoint-specific fMRI patterns in human brain[J]. Neurosci Lett,2005, 383(3):236-240..
2. Jellinger KA. Basis and application of acupuncture in neurology [J]. Wiener Medizinische Wocheasehrift,2000,150(13):278.
3.刘乡.大脑皮层和皮层下核团对中缝大核的调控及其在针刺镇痛中的作用[J].针刺研究,1996,21(1)：4-11.
4. Zaidi H, Vees H, Wissmeyer M. Molecular PET/CT imaging-guided radiation therapy treatment planning[J]. Acad Radiol,2009,16(9):1108-11031.
5. MFASra E, Quon A. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography:the current technology and applications[J]. Radio] Clin North Am,2009,47(1):147-160.
6. Iyer VR, Lee SI. MRI, CT, and PET/CT for ovarian cancer detection and adnexal lesion characterization[J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol,2010,194(2):311-21.
7.孙吉林,吴育锦,王宝山.脑磁图[J].现代电生理学杂志.2009,16(1)：52-63.
8.顾星.针刺合谷穴对脑磁图的动态观察[J].上海针灸杂志,2005,24(7)：38-41.
9.孙锦平,尹岭,金香兰,等.针刺足三里穴的脑功能成像及动物实验研究[J].中国基础科学·科学前沿,2003,(2)39-41.
10.刘波,刘岘,陈俊,等.针刺穴位和非穴位对脑功能连接影响的MR研究[J].中国针灸,2009,29(12)：981-985.
11. Li L, Qin W, Bai L, et al. Exploring vision-related acupuncture point specificity with multivoxel pattern analysis[J]. Magn Reson Imaging,2010,28(3):380-387.
12. Chae Y, Lee H, Kim H, et al. Parsing brain activity associated with acupuncture treatment in Parkinson's diseases[J]. Mov Disord,.2009,24(12):1794-802.
13.张俊海,冯晓源,李霁,等.穴位和非穴位电针镇痛的脑功能磁共振对照研究[J].中国医学计算机成像杂志,2005,11(1)：10.
14. Kong J, Gollub RL, Webb JM, et al. Test-retest study of fMRI signal change evoked by electroacupuncture stimulation[J]. Neuroimage,2007,34(3):1171-81.
15.王伟,刘玲,李志勇,等.电针正常人阴陵泉穴的脑fMRI研究[J].临床放射学杂志,2007,26(10)：965-967.
16.顾星.脑磁图检测在合谷穴特异性研究中的应用[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2005,12(5)：11-13.
17.黄泳,李赣龙,唐纯志,等.针刺外关穴和非穴SPECT脑功能成像的比较研究[J].成都中医药大学学报,2008,31(2)：3-5.
18.艾林,戴建平,赵百孝,等.针刺镇痛机制的功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2004,20(8)：1197-1199.
19.胡卡明,王承平,谢慧君,等.针刺穴位与非穴位激活不同脑区的效应观察[J].中国针灸,2008,26(3)：205-208.
20.方继良.捻针时真、假穴不同中枢激活效应的脑功能MRI[J]中华放射学杂志, 2004,38(12)：1281.
21. Anthony C. Point specificity of acupuncture in the light of recent clinical and imaging studies[J]. Acupunct Med,2006,24:118-122.
22.秦伟.基于fMRI的针刺机制初步研究——从问题到方法[D].北京：中国科学院自动化研究所博士毕业论文.2005：96
23.张嵘,邹燕琴,黄穗乔,等.脑功能磁共振成像在针刺合谷、足三里与内关、三阴交穴位后的影像学特征变化比较[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(22)：4271-4274.
24. Liu P, Zhang Y, Zhou G, et al. Partial correlation investigation on the default mode network involved in acupuncture:an fMRI study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,462(3):183-187.
25.刘华,单保慈,高殿帅,等.针刺太冲、合谷两穴位引起的小脑响应的差异：fMRI研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2006,22(8)：1165-1167.
26.陈尚杰,刘波,符文彬,等.针刺神门穴和养老穴激活不同脑功能区的功能性磁共振成像研究[J].针刺研究,2008,33(4)：267-271.
27. Chiu JH, Cheng HC, Tai CH, et al. Electroacupuncture-induced neural activation detected by use of manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging in rabbits[J]. Am J Vet Res, 2001,62(2):178-182.
28.邵广瑞,闫镔,柳澄,等.针刺委中穴与足三里穴PET／CT脑功能显像研究[J].中华核医学杂志,2006,26(1)：54-56.
29. Vasco Senna-Fernandesm Daisy L. M. Franc, Deise de Souza, et al. Acupuncture at 'Zusanli' (St.36) and'Sanyinjiao'(SP6) Points on the Gastrointestinal Tract:A Study of the Bioavailability of 99mTc-Sodium Pertechnetate in Rats[J]. eCAM,2009, Feb 12. doi:10.1093/ecam/nep009
30.邹明珠,周诚,陈敏,等.针刺穴位的脑功能磁共振成像研究针刺中渚穴和阳陵泉穴与大脑皮质兴奋性的关系[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志,2009,16(4)：266-271.
31.付平,贾建平,王葳,电针内关和神门穴对脑功能成像不同影响的观察[J].中国针灸,2005,25(1)：61-63.
32. Bai L, Yan H, Li L, et al. Neural specificity of acupuncture stimulation at pericardium 6:evidence from an fMRI study[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging,2010,31(1):71-77.
33.孙忠人,闫立平,谢兵,等.电针曲池、合谷穴脑功能性磁共振成像分析[J].中国中医药科技,2005,12(3)：182-183.
34.李琳,许建阳,李永忠,等.针刺足阳明胃经两相邻穴位脑功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医 学影像技术,2008,24(7)：1001-1003.
35.吴志远,缪飞,项琼瑶,等.针刺同一经络不同穴位的磁共振脑功能成像对比研究[J].中国医学影像学杂志,2008,16(2)：101-103.
36.徐放明,谢鹏,吕发金,等.针刺肝经五输穴激活脑区的功能磁共振成像研究[J].南京中医药大学学报,2007,23(4)：224-226.
37.方继良,金真,王寅,等.针刺太冲及其临近穴脑反应区功能磁共振成像比较[J].中国医学影像技术,2005,21(9)：1332-1337.
38. Fang J, Jin Z, Wang Y, et al. The salient characteristics of the central effects of acupuncture needling:Limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network modulation[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2009, 30(4):1196-1206.
39.尹岭,金香兰,乔卫安,等.针刺足三里PET脑功能成像[J].中国针灸,2003,23(1)：27-28.
40.付平,贾建平,徐敏,等.电针足三里穴后脑功能磁共振成像显示不同脑区的激活变化[J].中国临床康复,2005,9(16)：92-94.
41.迟旭,孙申田.针刺外关穴的脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2007,26(2)：30-32.
42.孟宪忠,张俊,张嘉文,等.电针曲池穴对PET-CT脑功能成像影响研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,42(12)：42-45.
43.龚萍,张明敏,江利明,等.针刺三阴交的PET脑功能研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(2)：119-121.
44.陈华德,殷光磊,蒋飚,等.用fMRI技术探讨针刺百会穴对脑功能的影响[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2006,30(6)：656-658.
45.李可,单保慈,刘华,等.针刺合谷穴脑功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2005,21(9)：1329-1332.
46.迟旭,孙申田,包大鹏,等.针刺后溪穴的脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].针灸临床杂志,2006,22(17)：37-40.
47.邵广瑞,马蕾,柳澄,等.针刺委中穴正电子发射计算机体层摄影/CT脑功能成像的观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(11)：969-971.
48.陈文君,寿依群,李建华,等.应用功能性磁共振成像技术探讨针刺三阴交穴对脑功能的调节作用[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2007,29(19)：774-778.
49.许建阳,王发强,陈燕,等.针刺治疗老年性痴呆及脑功能成像的研究[J].武警医学,2003,14(1)：14-15.
50.付平,贾建平,王敏,等.针刺神门穴对阿尔茨海默病患者脑功能磁共振成像的影响[J].中国临床康复,2005,9(1)：120-121.
51.罗耀武,唐安戊,李东江.PET显像在血管性痴呆针刺治疗中的应用研究术[J].广东医学,2008,29(12)：2015-2017.
52.陈静,,黄泳,王升旭,等.针刺百会水沟神门影响血管性痴呆患者18FDG PET脑功能成像10例临床分析[J].南方医科大学学报,2006,26(5)：610-612.
53.卓鹰,黄泳,姜雪梅,等.头针对帕金森病患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2006,12(1)：33-34.
54.刘爱国,吴秀玲,李永秋,等.脑梗死患者针刺足三里穴的脑功能性磁共振成像观察[J].河北中医,2009,31(1)：51-52.
55.常静玲,高颖,张华,等.电针通里、悬钟穴对1例皮质下失语症患者语言功能和fMRI改变的作用[J].中国康复医学杂志,2007,22(1)：13-19.
56. Huang yong, Win Moe Hfuf. Tang An-wu, et al. Effect of eletro-scalp acupuncture on metabolism of glucose in brain functional region of patients with depression[J]. Chinese Joural of Clincial Rehabilitation,2005,9(20)::252-256.
57.李霁,张俊海,董竞成,等.针刺镇痛对坐骨神经痛患者脑功能成像的影响[J].上海针灸杂志,2007,26(8)：3-7.
58.时杰,贾少微,李素民,等.电针对摇头丸滥用者99mTc—ECD脑灌注显像及脑功能活动的影响[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2002,11(2)：111-116.
59. Zeng fang, Song wenzhong, Liu xuguang, Liang fanrong. Brain areas involved in acupuncture treatment on functional dyspepsia patients:A PET-CT study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,456:6-10.
60.李学智,刘旭光,宋文忠,等..针刺少阳经穴对慢性偏头痛患者脑内葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国针灸,2008,28(11)：854-859.
61.宋小鸽,李传富,黄建军,等.针刺对线索诱导海洛因依赖者功能磁共振影响的初步观察[J].安徽中医学院学报,2008,27(4)：21-24.
62.韩俊洲,徐海波,唐宏图,等.电针周围性面瘫患者合谷穴的功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2008,,24(3)：336-341.
63. V Napadow, N Kettner, J Liu, Hypothalamus and Amygdala Response to Acupuncture Stimuli in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome[J]. Pain,2007,130(3):254-266.
64. Virginia C.N. Wong, MBBS(HK) MRCP(UK), et al. Pilot Study of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Brain Glucose Metabolism to Assess the Efficacy of Tongue and Body Acupuncture in Cerebral Palsy[J]. Journal of Child Neurology,2006,21(6):455-464.
65.赖新生,苏沛珠,黄泳,等.针刺外关穴与外关配伍非穴的fMRI脑功能成像比较[J].天津中医药,2009,26(2)：113-115.
66.赖新生,彭玲梅,黄泳,等.针刺外关穴与外关配伍支沟穴的fMRI脑功能成像比较[J].贵阳中医学院学报,2009,31(5)：9-13.
67.许建阳,王发强,王宏,等.针刺合谷与太冲fMRI脑功能成像的比较研究[J].中国针灸,2004,24(4)：263-264.
68.李霁,左传涛,董竞成,等.表里经穴电针时脑葡萄糖代谢PET对照研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,27(8)：38-41.
69. Zhang Wei-Ting, Jin Zhen, Luo Fei, et al. Evidence from brain imaging with fMRI supporting functional specificity of acupoints in humans[J]. Neurosci Lett,2004,354(1):50-53.
70.张向宇,高硕,赵建国,等..不同穴位组合对脑梗死患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响—PET研究[J].中国针灸,2007,27(1)：26-30.
71.吴志强,杨卓欣,于海波,等.针刺治疗中风常用穴位组合的SPECT显像比较研究[J].世界中医药,2007,22(4)：230-232.
72.董竞成,李霁,左传涛,等.针刺健康人阴阳经穴对脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国中西医结台杂志,2006,2(4)：107-109.
73.邱明国,王健,谢兵,等.电针刺激光明、外关组穴fMRI脑功能成像的研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2005,27(19)：1790-1792.
74.迟旭,鞠琰莉,孙申田.针刺中渚后溪穴脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].中华中医药学刊,2007,25(4)：843.
75. An YS, Moon SK, Min IK, et al. Changes in regional cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism following electroacupuncture at LI 4 and LI 11 in normal volunteers[J]. J Altern Complement Med,2009,15(10):1075-1081.
76. Gabriele Biella, Maria Luisa Sotgiu, Giulio Pellegata, et al. Acupuncture Produces Central Activations in Pain Regions[J]. Neurolmage,2001,14(11):60-66.
77.王苇,漆剑频,夏业玲,等.人脑运动皮质对针剌足三里和阳陵泉反应的功能性磁共振成像研究[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2004,26(8)：472-475.
78.滕晶,王玉来,王爱成,等.额三针透刺的脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].山东中医药大学学 报,2008,32(2)：104-106.
79黄泳,唐安戊,李求实,等.头电针对正常人脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国针灸,2004,24(11)：779-781.
80.胡建平,李银官,曹代荣,等.不同方法针刺内关穴比较研究[J].中国现代医生,2008,46(33)：4-8.
81. Siedentopf CM, Golaszewski SM, Mottaghy FM, et al. Functional magnetic resonance imaging detects activation of the visual association cortex during laser acupuncture of the foot in humans[J]. Neurosci Lett,2002,,327(1):53-56.
82.张苗海.运动功能性磁共振成像分析针灸对中枢的作用[J].国外医学·中医中药分册,2003,25(5)：283-285.
83.欧阳钢,贾少微,王凡.不同电针刺激频率对脑卒中患者脑血流灌注和脑功能的影响[J].中国针灸,2005,25(11)：776-778.
84. Zhang W T, Jin Z, Cui G H, et al. Relations between brain network activation and analgesic efect induced by low versus high frequency electrical acupoint stimulation in different subjects: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study[J]. Brain Res,2003,982:168-178.
85.黄泳,曾统军,王艳杰,等.外关穴皮部浅刺与常规针刺激活脑区的功能性磁共振成像比较[J].安徽中医学院学报,2009,28(3)：25-28.
86.李定忠.李秀章.经穴皮部挑治与深刺的fMRI对比研究[J].中国针灸.2000,20(8)：491-492.
87.邹燕齐,黄泳,赖新生,等.外关穴配伍支沟穴皮部浅刺和常规针刺激活脑区的fMRI比较研究[J].云南中医学院学报,2008,31(6)：44-47.
88.王爱成,王玉来,江涛,等.针刺申脉穴的fMRI脑功能成像研究[J].针刺研究,2005,30(1)：4347.
89. Li K, Shan B, Xu J, et al. Changes in FMRI in the human brain related to different durations of manual acupuncture needling[J]. J Altern Complement Med,2006,12(7):615-23.
90. Hui KK, Liu J, Makris N, et al. Acupuncture modulates the limbic system and subcortical gray structures of the human brain:evidence from fMRI studies in normal subjects[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2000,9(1):13-25.
91.许建阳,闫镔,王发强,等.针刺合谷穴对脑功能成像的研究[J].中国康复理论与实践,2005,11(10)：832-833.
92.王葳.针刺“四关穴”治疗阿尔茨海默病机制的脑fMRI系列研究[D].北京：首都医科大学 博士学位论文.2005：50
93. Wang SM, Constable RT, Tokoglu FS, et al. Acupuncture-induced blood oxygenation level-dependent signals in awake and anesthetized volunteers:a pilot study[J]. Anesth Analg, 2007,105(2):499-506.
94. Dhond RP, Yeh C Park K, et al.. Acupuncture modulates resting state connectivity in default and sensorimotor brain networks[J]. Pain,2008,136(3):230-231.
95. Qin W, Tian J Bai L, et al. fMPI connectivity analysis of acupuncture effects on an amygdala-associated brain network[J]. Mol Pain,2008,4:55-60.
96. Lijun Bai, Wei Qin, Jie Tian,et al. Time-varied characteristics of acupuncture effects in fMRI studies[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2009,30(11):3445-3460.
97.田捷,秦伟,艾琳,等.基于功能磁共振的针刺机制初步研究——从问题到方法[J].首都医科大学学报,2007,28(6)：683-688.
98. Beissner F, Henke C. Methodological Problems in fmri Studies on Acupuncture:A Critical Review With Special Emphasis on Visual and Auditory Cortex Activations[J]. Evid Based Complement Altemat Med,2009 Sep 30. PMID:19793834.
2.楼海萍,杜鹃.针灸治疗功能性消化不良的研究进展[J].浙江省医学科学院学报,2006,(2)：41-44.
3.崔延超,程耀南,杨运宽.针灸治疗功能性消化不良研究进展[J].实用中医药杂志,2007,23(4)：265-266.
4.骆乐,寿依群,陈文君.针刺治疗功能性消化不良临床研究[J].中国针灸,2002,22(2)：89
5.谢辉,徐朝辉.电针加TDP治疗功能性消化不良60例疗效观察[J].上海针灸杂志,2006,25(2)：13-14.
6.唐胜修,徐祖豪,唐萍.针刺治疗功能性消化不良的对照研究[J].四川中医,2006,24(4)：101
7.赵亚萍,刘晓辉,丁敏.针刺八脉交会穴和下合穴治疗功能性消化不良45例临床观察[J].江苏中医药,2005,26(9)：30.
8.赵会玲.针灸治疗功能性消化不良50例[J].陕西中医,2007,28(7)：883-889.
9.谢惺,朱欢,吴曦,等.针灸治疗功能性消化不良临床对照文献用穴规律评析[J].成都中医药大学学报,2008,31(1)：1-3.
10. Ma Ting-ting, Tian Xiao-ping, Lliang Fan-rong. Present situation of study and view on functional dyspepsia Treated with specific acupoints in acupuncture[J]. World J. Acu-moxi,2008,18(3): 45-52.
11. Mahadeva S, Wee HL, Goh KL, et al. Quality of life in South East Asian patients who consult for dyspepsia:validation of the short form Nepean Dyspepsia Index e[J]. Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2009,23(7):45-54.
12. El-Serag HB, Talley NJ. Health-related quality of life in functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2003,18(4):387-393.
13. Talley NJ, Locke GR 3rd, Lahr BD, et al. Functional dyspepsia, delayed gastric emptying, and impaired quality of life[J]. Gut,2006,55(7):933-939.
14. Vandenberghe J, Dupont P, Van Oudenhove L, et al. Regional cerebral blood flow during gastric balloon distention in functional dyspepsia[J]. Gastroenterology,2007,132(5):1684-1693.
15. Fang Z, Wenzhong S, Xuguang Liu, et al. Brain areas involve in acupuncture treatment on functional dyspepsia patients A PET-CT study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,456(1):6-10.
16.刘乡.大脑皮层和皮层下核团对中缝大核的调控及其在针刺镇痛中的作用[J].针刺研究,1996,21(1)：4-11.
17. Hui KK, Liu J, Makris N, et al. Acupuncture modulates the limbic system and subcortical gray structures of the human brain:evidence from fMRI studies in normal subjects[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2000,9(1):13-25.
18. Fang J, Jin Z, Wang Y, et al. The salient characteristics of the central effects of acupuncture needling:Limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network modulation[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2009, 30(4):1196-1206
20. Wu MT, Hiseh JC, Xiong G, et al. Central neous pathway for acupuncture stimulation: localization of processing with functional MR images Of the brain preliminary experience[J]. Radiology,1999,212(1):13.
19. Vitaly Napadow, Nikos Makris, Jing Liu, et al. Effects of Electroacupuncture versus Manual Acupuncture on the Human Brain as Measured by fMRI[J]. Human Brain Mapp,2005, 24(3):193-205.
21. Yin L, Jin X.L, Qiao W.A, et al. PET-CT image of brain function while puncturing the acupoints ST36[J]. Chinese Medical Journal,2003,116(12):1836-1839.
22.李琳,许建阳,李永忠,等.针刺足阳明胃经两相邻穴位脑功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2008,24(7)：1001-1003.
23.吴志远,缪飞,项琼瑶,等.针刺同一经络不同穴位的磁共振脑功能成像对比研究[J].中国医学影像学杂志,2008,16(2)：101-103.
24. Tack J, Talley NJ, et al. Functional Gastroduodenal Disorders[J]. Gastroenterology,2006,,130: 1466-1479.
25.王家良.临床流行病学[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社,2001：142.
26.GB/T 12346-2006,腧穴名称与定位(中华人民共和国国家标准)[S].北京：中国标准出版社,2006：12-13,31-32
27.石学敏.针灸学(新世纪全国中医药院校规划教材)[M].北京：中国中医药出版社,2002：46-48,97-98
28. Jones M, Talley NJ.Minimum clinically important difference for the Nepean Dyspepsia Index, a validated quality of life scale for functional dyspepsia[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2009, 104(6):1483-1488.
29.毛爱民.古代针灸治疗失眠处方配穴原则及规律[J].辽宁中医杂志,2005,32(5)：463-464.
30.史江峰,赵京生.癃闭选经取穴的历代文献分析[J].江西中医学院学报,2005,17(6)：9-10.
31.赵艳鸿,王富春,班东林,等.大肠腑病古代取穴规律探讨[J].医药信息,2005,22(3)：6-8.
32.陈贵珍,许云祥.腰痛“经络辨证”的理论探析及临床应用[J].中国自然医学杂志,2002,4(1)：44.
33.裴景春,冯起国,郑利岩,等.东汉以前针灸处方配穴原则及规律的探讨[J].辽宁中医杂志,2000,27(1)：31-33.
34. Yang ZB, Yan J, Zou XP, et al. Enhanced expression of epidermal growth factor receptor gene in gastric mucosal cells by the serum derived from rats treated with electroacupuncture at stomach meridian acupoints[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2006,12(34):5557-5561.
35.严洁,阳仁达,易受乡,等.从针刺不同经穴对家兔胃粘膜保护作用探讨多经司控同一脏腑的规律[J].中国针灸,2004,24(8)：579-582.
36.张建梁,陈淑萍,刘俊岭,等.电刺激猫心下神经对心包经及肺经穴位肌电影响的比较研究[J].中国中医药科技,1999,6(4)：201-203.
37. Napadow V, Kettner N, Liu J, et al, Hypothalamus and amygdala response to acupuncture stimuli in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome[J], Pain,2007,130(3):254-266.
38.王葳.针刺“四关穴”治疗阿尔茨海默病机制的脑fMRI系列研究[D].北京：首都医科大学博士学位论文.2005：50
39. Wang SM, Constable RT, Tokoglu FS, et al. Acupuncture-induced blood oxygenation level-dependent signals in awake and anesthetized volunteers:a pilot study[J]. Anesth Analg, 2007,105(2):499-506.
40. Haruma K, Imamura H, Kusunoki H, et al. Diagnosis and pathogenesis in functional dyspepsia[J]. Nippon Rinsho.2008,66 (7):1379-1384.
41. Moyyedi P, Mason J. Clinical and economic consequences of dyspepsia in the community [J]. Gut, 2002,50 Suppl 4:10-12.
42. Mones J, Adan A, Segu JL, et al. Quality of life in functional dyspepsia[J]. Dig Dis Sci,2002,47: 20-26.
43. El-Serag HB, Talley NJ. Systemic review:The prevalence and clinical course of functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2004,19(6):643-654.
44. Li Y, Nie Y, Sha W, et al. The link between psychosocial factors and functional dyspepsia:An epidemiological study[J]. Chin Med J,2002,115 (7):1082-1084.
45.平丽,李瑜元,聂玉强,等.体检人群中功能性胃肠疾病的患病调查[J].中华消化杂志,2002,3：190-191.
46. Brook RA, Kleinman NL, Choung RS, et al. Functional dyspepsia impacts absenteeism and direct and indirect costs[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2010 Mar 19. PMID:20304102.
47. Rabeneck L, Wray N, Graham D. Managing dyspepsia:What do we know and what do we need to know? [J]. Am J Gastroenterol,1998,93(6):913:920.
48.彭随风,杨家耀,时昭红.电针改善功能性消化不良胃动力、自主神经功能及心理状态[J].世界华人消化杂志,2008,16(36)：4105-4109.
49. Xu S, Hou X, Zha H, et al. Electroacupuncture accelerates solid gastric emptying and improves dyspeptic symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia[J]. Dig Dis Sci,2006, 51(12):2154-2159.
50. Yin J, Chen JD. Gastrointestinal motility disorders and acupuncture[J]. Auton Neurosci,2010 Apr 2. [Epub ahead of print].
51.唐胜修,梁列新.功能性消化不良针刺分型治疗胃动素和胃电参数的相关性[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2008,10(1)：85-86.
52.姚筱梅,姚树坤,张瑞星,等.针刺对功能性消化不良患者内脏敏感性的影响[J].针刺研究,2006,31(4)：228-231.
53.常小荣,严洁,林亚军,等.针刺足三里对功能性消化不良患者血浆胃肠激素的影响[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2001,9(5)：283.
54.谢惺,朱欢,吴曦,等.针灸治疗功能性消化不良的临床研究进展[J].成都中医药大学学报,2008,31(1)：1-4.
55.梁繁荣,任玉兰.针灸数据挖掘与临床决策[M].成都：巴蜀出版社,2009：269,248-277.
56.朱欢,谢惺,吴曦,等CONSORT结合STRICTA对针灸治疗功能性消化不良随机对照试验的质量评价[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,27(4)：42-45
57.赵家良.临床试验的原则与方法[J].中华眼科杂志,2001；37(1)：75-78
58.黄梅芳,俞昌德.介绍国外针灸临床研究中几种安慰对照方法[J].中国针灸,2003,23(10)：589-591
59.张宏伟,刘建平.临床试验中的盲法[J].中医杂志,2007；48(5)：408-410
60.胡卡明,王承平.针刺穴位与非穴位激活不同脑区的效应观察[J].中国针灸.2006,6(3)： 205-207.
61.汤键,杨广义,王绍瑛,等.电针对冠心病心电图ST段影响的初步探讨[J].中医药信息.1996,(5)：36.
62. Maioli C, Falciati L, Marangon M, et al. Short-and long-term modulation of upper limb motorevoked potentials induced by acupuncture[J].Eur J Neurosci,2006,23(7):1931-1938.
63. Assefi NP, Sherman KJ, Jacobsen C, et al. A randomized clinical trial of aupuncture compared with sham acupuncture in fibromyalgi[J]. Ann Intern Med,2005,143(1):10-19.
64. Brinkhaus B, Hummelsberger J, Kohnen R, et al. Acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis:a randomized-controlled clinical trial[J].Allergy,2004,59(9):953-960.
65.杨旭光.国内外针灸研究中非经非穴选取方法的评述[C].北京：世界针灸学会联合会成立20周年暨世界针灸学术大会论文摘要汇编.2007：20-22,209.
66. Chang CH, Huang JL,Ting CT,et al.Atropine-induced HRV alteration is not amended by electroacupuncture on Zusanli[J]. Am J Chin Med,2005,33(2):307-314.
67.石德军.半夏泻心汤加味治疗功能性消化不良60例[J].光明中医.2009,24(10)：1900.
68.姚俊.刘林.伊托必利治疗功能性消化不良疗效观察[J].现代中西医结合杂志.2009,18(34)：41-42.
69.田小平,李瑛,马婷婷,等.针灸治疗功能性消化不良疗效评价指标述评[J].辽宁中医杂志,2008,35(10)：1584-1585.
70.陈建永,潘锋,徐建,等.针刺对功能性消化不良胃动力的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2005,25(10)：880-882.
71. Jones MP, Sharp LK, Crowell MD. et al. Psychosocial correlates of symptoms in functional dyspepsia[J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2005,3(6):521-528.
72. Chang L. Review article:epidemiology and quality of life in functional gastrointestinal disorders[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2004, Suppl 7:31-39.
73. Wahass S, Khalil MS, Al Qurain AA, et al. The impact of functional dyspepsia on health-related quality of life in Saudi patients[J]. Saudi J Gastroenterol,2006,12(3):123-129.
74. Veldhuyzen van Zanten SJ, Cleary C, Talley NJ, et al. Drug treatment of functional dyspepsia:a systematic analysis of trial methodology with recommendations for design of future trials [J]. Am J Gastroenterol,1996,91(4):660-673.
75. McHorney CA, Ware JE, Jr., Raczek AE:The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): Ⅱ. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs[J]. Med Care,1993,31(3):247-263.
76. Talley NJ, Haque M, Wyeth JW, et al. Development of a new Dyspepsia impact scale:The Nepean Dyspepsia Index(NDI) [J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,1999,13(2):225-235..
77. Wiklund IK, Junghard O, Grace E, et al. Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia patients. Psychometric documentation of a new disease-specific questionnaire (QOLRAD) [J]. Eur J Surg, Suppl 1998,(583):41-49.
78. Mahadeva S, Wee HL, Goh KL, et al. The EQ-5D (Euroqol) is a valid generic instrument for measuring quality of life in patients with dyspepsia[J]. BMC Gastroenterology,2009,9:20-43.
79. Lee EH, Hahm KB, Lee JH, et al. Development and validation of a functional dyspepsia-related quality of life (FD-QOL) scale in South Korea[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2006,21(1 Pt 2):268-274.
80. Talley NJ, Verlinden M, Jones M. Validity of a new quality of life scale for Functional Dyspepsia:A United States multicenter trial of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,1999,94(9):2390-2397.
81. Talley NJ, Verlinden M, Jones M. Quality of life in functional dyspepsia:responsiveness of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index and development of a new 10-item short form[J]. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics,2001,15(2):207-216.
82. Holtmann G, Talley NJ, Liebregts T, et al. A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Itopride in Functional Dyspepsia[J]. N Engl J Med,2006,354(8):832-840.
83. Boeckxstaens GE, Hirsch DP, Kuiken SD, et al. The proximal stomach and postprandial symptoms in functional dyspeptics[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2002,97(1):40-48.
84. Kato M, Watanabe M, Konishi S, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of famotidine in patients with functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2005, Suppl 2:27-31.
85. Holtmann G, Adam B, Haag S, et al. Efficacy of artichoke leafextract in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia:a six-week placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial[J]. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics,2003,18(12):1099-1105.
86. Adam B, Liebregts T, Saadat-Gilani K,,et al. Validation of the gastrointestinal symptom score for the assessment of symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2005,22(4):357-363.
87. Moayyedi P, Duffett S, Braunholtz D, et al. The Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire:a valid tool for measuring the presence and severity of dyspepsia[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,1998, 12(12):1257-1262.
88. Kulich KR, Madisch A, Pacini F, et al. Reliability and validity of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia (QOLRAD) questionnaire in dyspepsia:a six-country study[J]. Health and quality of life outcomes,2008,6:12.
89. Yan B, Li K, Xu J, et al. Acupoint-specific fMRI patterns in human brain[J]. Neurosci Lett,2005, 383(3):236-240.
90. Jellinger KA. Basis and application of acupuncture in neurology[J]. Wiener Medizinische Wocheasehrift,2000,150(13):278.
91. Biella G, Sotgiu ML, Pellegata G, et al. Acupuncture produces central activations in pain regions[J]. Neuro Image,2001,14(11):60.
92. Zaidi H, Vees H, Wissmeyer M. Molecular PET/CT imaging-guided radiation therapy treatment planning[J].Acad Radiol,2009,16(9):1108-11031.
93. MFASra E, Quon A. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography:the current technology and applications[J]. Radiol Clin North Am,2009,47(1):147-160.
94. Iyer VR, Lee SI. MRI, CT, and PET/CT for ovarian cancer detection and adnexal lesion characterization[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,2010,194(2):311-321.
85. Ford EC, Herman J, Yorke E, et al.18F-FDG PET/CT for image-guided and intensity-modulated radiotherapy [J]. J Nucl Med,2009,50(10):1655-1665
96. Ben-Haim S, Ell P.18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in the evaluation of cancer treatment response[J]. Nucl Med,2009,50(1):88-99.
97.张向宇,高硕,赵建国,等.不同穴位组合对脑梗死患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响——PET研究[J].中国针灸,2007,27(1)：26-31.
98.罗耀武,唐安戊,李东江.PET显像在血管性痴呆针刺治疗中的应用研究[J].广东医学,2008,29(12)：2015-2016.
99.卓鹰,黄泳,姜雪梅,等.头针对帕金森病患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2006,12(1)：33-34.
100.李霁,左传涛,董竞成,等.表里经穴电针时脑葡萄糖代谢PET对照研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,27(8)：38-40.
101.邵广瑞,闫镔,柳澄,等.针刺委中穴与足三里穴PET/CT脑功能显像研究[J].中华核医学杂志,2006,26(1)：54-56.
102.张贵锋,赖新生,唐纯志,等.针刺外关穴中枢激活效应的PET脑功能成像研究[J].广东医学,2009,30(1)：133-137.
103.李学智,刘旭光,宋文忠,等.针刺少阳经穴对慢性偏头痛患者脑内葡萄糖代谢变化的影响[J].中国针灸,2008,28(11)：854-859.
104.李国彰.神经生理学[M].北京：人民卫生出版社,2007：304-306.
105. Baklavadzhian OG, Nersesian LB, Avetisian EA, et al. The neuronal organization of the limbic (cingulo-)-visceral reflex arc[J]. Usp Fiziol Nauk,2000,31(4):11-23.
106. Suyama S, Takano E, Iwasaki Y, et al. Roles and functional interplay of the gut, brain stem, hypothalamus and limbic system in regulation of feeding[J]. Nippon Rinsho,2009, 67(2):277-286.
107. Ladabaum U, Roberts TP, McGonigle DJ. Gastric fundic distension activates fronto-limbic structures but not primary somatosensory cortex:a functional magnetic resonance imaging study[J]. Neuroimage,2007,34(2):724-732.
108. Vandenberghe J, Dupont P, Fischler B, et al. Regional brain activation during proximal stomach distention in humans:A positron emission tomography study[J]. Gastroenterology, 2005,128(3):564-573.
109. Hobson AR, Furlong PL, Worthen SF, et al. Real-time imaging of human cortical activity evoked by painful esophageal stimulation[J]. Gastroenterology,2005,128(3):610-619.
110. Naliboff BD, Berman S, Suyenobu B, et al. Longitudinal Change in Perceptual and Brain Activation Response to Visceral Stimuli in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients[J]. Gastroenterology,2006,131(2):352-365.
111. Van Oudenhove L, Demyttenaere K, Tack J, et al. Central nervous system involvement in functional gastrointestinal disorders[J]. Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology,2004, 18(4):663-680.
112. Mayer EA, Aziz Q, Coen S, et al. Brain imaging approaches to the study of functional GI disorders:a Rome working team report[J]. Neurogastroenterol Motil,2009,21(6):579-596.
113. Mayer EA, Naliboff BD, Craig AD Neuroimaging of the brain-gut axis:from basic understanding to treatment of functional GI disorders[J]. Gastroenterology,2006,131(6):1925-1942.
114. Fox MD, Raichle ME. Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Nat Rev Neurosci,2007,8(9):700-711.
115. Qi Z, Wu X, Wang Z, et al. Impairment and compensation coexist in amnestic MCI default mode network[J]. Neuroimage,2010,50(1):48-55.
116. Greicius MD, Srivastava G, Reiss AL, et al. Default-mode network activity distinguishes Alzheimer's disease from healthy aging:evidence from functional MRI[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2004,101(13):4637-4642.
117. Rotarska-Jagiela A, van de Ven V, Oertel-Knochel V, et al. Resting-state functional network correlates of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia[J]. Schizophr Res,2010,117(1):21-30.
118. Bluhm R, Williamson P, Lanius R, et al. Resting state default-mode network connectivity in early depression using a seed region-of-interest analysis:decreased connectivity with caudate nucleus[J]. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci,2009,63(6):754-761.
119. Minshew NJ, Keller TA. The nature of brain dysfunction in autism:functional brain imaging studies[J], Curr Opin Neurol,2010,23(2):124-130.
120. Yuan K, Qin W, Dong M,et al. Combining spatial and temporal information to explore resting-state networks changes in abstinent heroin-dependent individuals[J]. Neurosci Lett,2010, 475(1):20-24.
121. Baliki MN, Geha PY, Apkarian AV, et al. Beyond feeling:chronic pain hurts the brain, disrupting the default-mode network dynamics[J]. J Neurosci,2008,28(6):1398-1403.
122. Buckner RL, Andrews-Hanna JR, Schacter DL. The brain's default network:anatomy, function, and relevance to disease[J]. Ann N Y Acad Sci,2008,1124:1-38.
123. Derbyshire SW. A systematic review of neuroimaging data during visceral stimulation[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2003,98(1):12-20.
124. Aziz Q, Thompson DG, Ng VW, et al. Cortical processing of human somatic and visceral sensation[J]. J Neurosci,2000,20(7):2657-2663.
125. Van Oudenhove L, Coen SJ, Aziz Q. Functional brain imaging of gastrointestinal sensation in health and disease[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2007,13(25):3438-3445.
126. Chua AS. Reassessment of function dyspepsia:A topic review[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2006,12(17):2656-2659.
127. O'Mahony S, Dinan TG, Keeling PW, et al. Central serotonergic and noradrenergic receptors in functional dyspepsia[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2006,12(17):2681-2687.
128. Budavari AI, Olden KW. Psychosocial aspects of functional gastrointestinal disorders[J]. Gastroenterol Clin North Am,2003,32(2):477-506.
129. Phillips ML, Drevets WC, Rauch SL, et al. Neurobiology of emotion perception Ⅰ:The neural basis of normal emotion perception[J]. Biol Psychiatry,2003,54(5):504-514.
130. Simons JS, Spiers HJ. Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory[J]. Nat Rev Neurosci,2003,4(8):637-648.
131. Koenigs M, Barbey AK, Postle BR, et al. Superior parietal cortex is critical for the manipulation of information in working memory[J]. J Neurosci,2009,29(47):14980-14986.
132.张嵘,邹燕琴,黄穗乔,等.脑功能磁共振成像在针刺合谷、足三里与内关、三阴交穴位后的影像学特征变化比较[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(22)：4271-4274.
133. Liu P, Zhang Y, Zhou G, et al. Partial correlation investigation on the default mode network involved in acupuncture:an fMRI study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,462(3):183-187.
134.刘华,单保慈,高殿帅,等.针刺太冲、合谷两穴位引起的小脑响应的差异：fMRI研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2006,22(8)：1165-1167.
135.陈尚杰,刘波,符文彬,等.针刺神门穴和养老穴激活不同脑功能区的功能性磁共振成像研究[J].针刺研究,2008,33(4)：267-271.
136.邹明珠,周诚,陈敏,等.针刺穴位的脑功能磁共振成像研究针刺中渚穴和阳陵泉穴与大脑皮质兴奋性的关系[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志,2009,16(4)：266-271.
137.付平,贾建平,王葳,电针内关和神门穴对脑功能成像不同影响的观察[J].中国针灸,2005,25(1)：61-63.
138. Bai L, Yan H, Li L, et al. Neural specificity of acupuncture stimulation at pericardium 6: evidence from an fMRI study[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging,2010,31(1):71-77.
139. Phillips ML, Gregory LJ, Cullen S, et al. The effect of negative emotional context on neural and behavioural responses to oesophageal stimulation[J]. Brain,2003,126(Pt 3):669-684.
140. Bruce D. Naliboff, Stuart W. G. Derbyshire, et al. Cerebral Activation in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Control Subjects During Rectosigmoid Stimulation[J]. Psychosomatic Medicine,2001,63:365-375.
141. Allen G, Buxton RB, Wong EC, et al. Attentional activation of the cerebellum independent of motor involvement[J]. Science,1997,275(5308):1940-1943.
142. Berman S, Munakata J, Naliboff BD, et al. Gender differences in regional brain response to visceral pressure in IBS patients[J]. Eur. J. Pain,2000,4(2):157-172.
1. Yan B, Li K, Xu J, et al. Acupoint-specific fMRI patterns in human brain[J]. Neurosci Lett,2005, 383(3):236-240..
2. Jellinger KA. Basis and application of acupuncture in neurology [J]. Wiener Medizinische Wocheasehrift,2000,150(13):278.
3.刘乡.大脑皮层和皮层下核团对中缝大核的调控及其在针刺镇痛中的作用[J].针刺研究,1996,21(1)：4-11.
4. Zaidi H, Vees H, Wissmeyer M. Molecular PET/CT imaging-guided radiation therapy treatment planning[J]. Acad Radiol,2009,16(9):1108-11031.
5. MFASra E, Quon A. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography:the current technology and applications[J]. Radio] Clin North Am,2009,47(1):147-160.
6. Iyer VR, Lee SI. MRI, CT, and PET/CT for ovarian cancer detection and adnexal lesion characterization[J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol,2010,194(2):311-21.
7.孙吉林,吴育锦,王宝山.脑磁图[J].现代电生理学杂志.2009,16(1)：52-63.
8.顾星.针刺合谷穴对脑磁图的动态观察[J].上海针灸杂志,2005,24(7)：38-41.
9.孙锦平,尹岭,金香兰,等.针刺足三里穴的脑功能成像及动物实验研究[J].中国基础科学·科学前沿,2003,(2)39-41.
10.刘波,刘岘,陈俊,等.针刺穴位和非穴位对脑功能连接影响的MR研究[J].中国针灸,2009,29(12)：981-985.
11. Li L, Qin W, Bai L, et al. Exploring vision-related acupuncture point specificity with multivoxel pattern analysis[J]. Magn Reson Imaging,2010,28(3):380-387.
12. Chae Y, Lee H, Kim H, et al. Parsing brain activity associated with acupuncture treatment in Parkinson's diseases[J]. Mov Disord,.2009,24(12):1794-802.
13.张俊海,冯晓源,李霁,等.穴位和非穴位电针镇痛的脑功能磁共振对照研究[J].中国医学计算机成像杂志,2005,11(1)：10.
14. Kong J, Gollub RL, Webb JM, et al. Test-retest study of fMRI signal change evoked by electroacupuncture stimulation[J]. Neuroimage,2007,34(3):1171-81.
15.王伟,刘玲,李志勇,等.电针正常人阴陵泉穴的脑fMRI研究[J].临床放射学杂志,2007,26(10)：965-967.
16.顾星.脑磁图检测在合谷穴特异性研究中的应用[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2005,12(5)：11-13.
17.黄泳,李赣龙,唐纯志,等.针刺外关穴和非穴SPECT脑功能成像的比较研究[J].成都中医药大学学报,2008,31(2)：3-5.
18.艾林,戴建平,赵百孝,等.针刺镇痛机制的功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2004,20(8)：1197-1199.
19.胡卡明,王承平,谢慧君,等.针刺穴位与非穴位激活不同脑区的效应观察[J].中国针灸,2008,26(3)：205-208.
20.方继良.捻针时真、假穴不同中枢激活效应的脑功能MRI[J]中华放射学杂志, 2004,38(12)：1281.
21. Anthony C. Point specificity of acupuncture in the light of recent clinical and imaging studies[J]. Acupunct Med,2006,24:118-122.
22.秦伟.基于fMRI的针刺机制初步研究——从问题到方法[D].北京：中国科学院自动化研究所博士毕业论文.2005：96
23.张嵘,邹燕琴,黄穗乔,等.脑功能磁共振成像在针刺合谷、足三里与内关、三阴交穴位后的影像学特征变化比较[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(22)：4271-4274.
24. Liu P, Zhang Y, Zhou G, et al. Partial correlation investigation on the default mode network involved in acupuncture:an fMRI study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,462(3):183-187.
25.刘华,单保慈,高殿帅,等.针刺太冲、合谷两穴位引起的小脑响应的差异：fMRI研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2006,22(8)：1165-1167.
26.陈尚杰,刘波,符文彬,等.针刺神门穴和养老穴激活不同脑功能区的功能性磁共振成像研究[J].针刺研究,2008,33(4)：267-271.
27. Chiu JH, Cheng HC, Tai CH, et al. Electroacupuncture-induced neural activation detected by use of manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging in rabbits[J]. Am J Vet Res, 2001,62(2):178-182.
28.邵广瑞,闫镔,柳澄,等.针刺委中穴与足三里穴PET／CT脑功能显像研究[J].中华核医学杂志,2006,26(1)：54-56.
29. Vasco Senna-Fernandesm Daisy L. M. Franc, Deise de Souza, et al. Acupuncture at 'Zusanli' (St.36) and'Sanyinjiao'(SP6) Points on the Gastrointestinal Tract:A Study of the Bioavailability of 99mTc-Sodium Pertechnetate in Rats[J]. eCAM,2009, Feb 12. doi:10.1093/ecam/nep009
30.邹明珠,周诚,陈敏,等.针刺穴位的脑功能磁共振成像研究针刺中渚穴和阳陵泉穴与大脑皮质兴奋性的关系[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志,2009,16(4)：266-271.
31.付平,贾建平,王葳,电针内关和神门穴对脑功能成像不同影响的观察[J].中国针灸,2005,25(1)：61-63.
32. Bai L, Yan H, Li L, et al. Neural specificity of acupuncture stimulation at pericardium 6:evidence from an fMRI study[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging,2010,31(1):71-77.
33.孙忠人,闫立平,谢兵,等.电针曲池、合谷穴脑功能性磁共振成像分析[J].中国中医药科技,2005,12(3)：182-183.
34.李琳,许建阳,李永忠,等.针刺足阳明胃经两相邻穴位脑功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医 学影像技术,2008,24(7)：1001-1003.
35.吴志远,缪飞,项琼瑶,等.针刺同一经络不同穴位的磁共振脑功能成像对比研究[J].中国医学影像学杂志,2008,16(2)：101-103.
36.徐放明,谢鹏,吕发金,等.针刺肝经五输穴激活脑区的功能磁共振成像研究[J].南京中医药大学学报,2007,23(4)：224-226.
37.方继良,金真,王寅,等.针刺太冲及其临近穴脑反应区功能磁共振成像比较[J].中国医学影像技术,2005,21(9)：1332-1337.
38. Fang J, Jin Z, Wang Y, et al. The salient characteristics of the central effects of acupuncture needling:Limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network modulation[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2009, 30(4):1196-1206.
39.尹岭,金香兰,乔卫安,等.针刺足三里PET脑功能成像[J].中国针灸,2003,23(1)：27-28.
40.付平,贾建平,徐敏,等.电针足三里穴后脑功能磁共振成像显示不同脑区的激活变化[J].中国临床康复,2005,9(16)：92-94.
41.迟旭,孙申田.针刺外关穴的脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2007,26(2)：30-32.
42.孟宪忠,张俊,张嘉文,等.电针曲池穴对PET-CT脑功能成像影响研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,42(12)：42-45.
43.龚萍,张明敏,江利明,等.针刺三阴交的PET脑功能研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(2)：119-121.
44.陈华德,殷光磊,蒋飚,等.用fMRI技术探讨针刺百会穴对脑功能的影响[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2006,30(6)：656-658.
45.李可,单保慈,刘华,等.针刺合谷穴脑功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2005,21(9)：1329-1332.
46.迟旭,孙申田,包大鹏,等.针刺后溪穴的脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].针灸临床杂志,2006,22(17)：37-40.
47.邵广瑞,马蕾,柳澄,等.针刺委中穴正电子发射计算机体层摄影/CT脑功能成像的观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2006,26(11)：969-971.
48.陈文君,寿依群,李建华,等.应用功能性磁共振成像技术探讨针刺三阴交穴对脑功能的调节作用[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2007,29(19)：774-778.
49.许建阳,王发强,陈燕,等.针刺治疗老年性痴呆及脑功能成像的研究[J].武警医学,2003,14(1)：14-15.
50.付平,贾建平,王敏,等.针刺神门穴对阿尔茨海默病患者脑功能磁共振成像的影响[J].中国临床康复,2005,9(1)：120-121.
51.罗耀武,唐安戊,李东江.PET显像在血管性痴呆针刺治疗中的应用研究术[J].广东医学,2008,29(12)：2015-2017.
52.陈静,,黄泳,王升旭,等.针刺百会水沟神门影响血管性痴呆患者18FDG PET脑功能成像10例临床分析[J].南方医科大学学报,2006,26(5)：610-612.
53.卓鹰,黄泳,姜雪梅,等.头针对帕金森病患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2006,12(1)：33-34.
54.刘爱国,吴秀玲,李永秋,等.脑梗死患者针刺足三里穴的脑功能性磁共振成像观察[J].河北中医,2009,31(1)：51-52.
55.常静玲,高颖,张华,等.电针通里、悬钟穴对1例皮质下失语症患者语言功能和fMRI改变的作用[J].中国康复医学杂志,2007,22(1)：13-19.
56. Huang yong, Win Moe Hfuf. Tang An-wu, et al. Effect of eletro-scalp acupuncture on metabolism of glucose in brain functional region of patients with depression[J]. Chinese Joural of Clincial Rehabilitation,2005,9(20)::252-256.
57.李霁,张俊海,董竞成,等.针刺镇痛对坐骨神经痛患者脑功能成像的影响[J].上海针灸杂志,2007,26(8)：3-7.
58.时杰,贾少微,李素民,等.电针对摇头丸滥用者99mTc—ECD脑灌注显像及脑功能活动的影响[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2002,11(2)：111-116.
59. Zeng fang, Song wenzhong, Liu xuguang, Liang fanrong. Brain areas involved in acupuncture treatment on functional dyspepsia patients:A PET-CT study[J]. Neurosci Lett,2009,456:6-10.
60.李学智,刘旭光,宋文忠,等..针刺少阳经穴对慢性偏头痛患者脑内葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国针灸,2008,28(11)：854-859.
61.宋小鸽,李传富,黄建军,等.针刺对线索诱导海洛因依赖者功能磁共振影响的初步观察[J].安徽中医学院学报,2008,27(4)：21-24.
62.韩俊洲,徐海波,唐宏图,等.电针周围性面瘫患者合谷穴的功能磁共振成像研究[J].中国医学影像技术,2008,,24(3)：336-341.
63. V Napadow, N Kettner, J Liu, Hypothalamus and Amygdala Response to Acupuncture Stimuli in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome[J]. Pain,2007,130(3):254-266.
64. Virginia C.N. Wong, MBBS(HK) MRCP(UK), et al. Pilot Study of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Brain Glucose Metabolism to Assess the Efficacy of Tongue and Body Acupuncture in Cerebral Palsy[J]. Journal of Child Neurology,2006,21(6):455-464.
65.赖新生,苏沛珠,黄泳,等.针刺外关穴与外关配伍非穴的fMRI脑功能成像比较[J].天津中医药,2009,26(2)：113-115.
66.赖新生,彭玲梅,黄泳,等.针刺外关穴与外关配伍支沟穴的fMRI脑功能成像比较[J].贵阳中医学院学报,2009,31(5)：9-13.
67.许建阳,王发强,王宏,等.针刺合谷与太冲fMRI脑功能成像的比较研究[J].中国针灸,2004,24(4)：263-264.
68.李霁,左传涛,董竞成,等.表里经穴电针时脑葡萄糖代谢PET对照研究[J].上海针灸杂志,2008,27(8)：38-41.
69. Zhang Wei-Ting, Jin Zhen, Luo Fei, et al. Evidence from brain imaging with fMRI supporting functional specificity of acupoints in humans[J]. Neurosci Lett,2004,354(1):50-53.
70.张向宇,高硕,赵建国,等..不同穴位组合对脑梗死患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响—PET研究[J].中国针灸,2007,27(1)：26-30.
71.吴志强,杨卓欣,于海波,等.针刺治疗中风常用穴位组合的SPECT显像比较研究[J].世界中医药,2007,22(4)：230-232.
72.董竞成,李霁,左传涛,等.针刺健康人阴阳经穴对脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国中西医结台杂志,2006,2(4)：107-109.
73.邱明国,王健,谢兵,等.电针刺激光明、外关组穴fMRI脑功能成像的研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2005,27(19)：1790-1792.
74.迟旭,鞠琰莉,孙申田.针刺中渚后溪穴脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].中华中医药学刊,2007,25(4)：843.
75. An YS, Moon SK, Min IK, et al. Changes in regional cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism following electroacupuncture at LI 4 and LI 11 in normal volunteers[J]. J Altern Complement Med,2009,15(10):1075-1081.
76. Gabriele Biella, Maria Luisa Sotgiu, Giulio Pellegata, et al. Acupuncture Produces Central Activations in Pain Regions[J]. Neurolmage,2001,14(11):60-66.
77.王苇,漆剑频,夏业玲,等.人脑运动皮质对针剌足三里和阳陵泉反应的功能性磁共振成像研究[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2004,26(8)：472-475.
78.滕晶,王玉来,王爱成,等.额三针透刺的脑功能性磁共振成像研究[J].山东中医药大学学 报,2008,32(2)：104-106.
79黄泳,唐安戊,李求实,等.头电针对正常人脑葡萄糖代谢的影响[J].中国针灸,2004,24(11)：779-781.
80.胡建平,李银官,曹代荣,等.不同方法针刺内关穴比较研究[J].中国现代医生,2008,46(33)：4-8.
81. Siedentopf CM, Golaszewski SM, Mottaghy FM, et al. Functional magnetic resonance imaging detects activation of the visual association cortex during laser acupuncture of the foot in humans[J]. Neurosci Lett,2002,,327(1):53-56.
82.张苗海.运动功能性磁共振成像分析针灸对中枢的作用[J].国外医学·中医中药分册,2003,25(5)：283-285.
83.欧阳钢,贾少微,王凡.不同电针刺激频率对脑卒中患者脑血流灌注和脑功能的影响[J].中国针灸,2005,25(11)：776-778.
84. Zhang W T, Jin Z, Cui G H, et al. Relations between brain network activation and analgesic efect induced by low versus high frequency electrical acupoint stimulation in different subjects: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study[J]. Brain Res,2003,982:168-178.
85.黄泳,曾统军,王艳杰,等.外关穴皮部浅刺与常规针刺激活脑区的功能性磁共振成像比较[J].安徽中医学院学报,2009,28(3)：25-28.
86.李定忠.李秀章.经穴皮部挑治与深刺的fMRI对比研究[J].中国针灸.2000,20(8)：491-492.
87.邹燕齐,黄泳,赖新生,等.外关穴配伍支沟穴皮部浅刺和常规针刺激活脑区的fMRI比较研究[J].云南中医学院学报,2008,31(6)：44-47.
88.王爱成,王玉来,江涛,等.针刺申脉穴的fMRI脑功能成像研究[J].针刺研究,2005,30(1)：4347.
89. Li K, Shan B, Xu J, et al. Changes in FMRI in the human brain related to different durations of manual acupuncture needling[J]. J Altern Complement Med,2006,12(7):615-23.
90. Hui KK, Liu J, Makris N, et al. Acupuncture modulates the limbic system and subcortical gray structures of the human brain:evidence from fMRI studies in normal subjects[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2000,9(1):13-25.
91.许建阳,闫镔,王发强,等.针刺合谷穴对脑功能成像的研究[J].中国康复理论与实践,2005,11(10)：832-833.
92.王葳.针刺“四关穴”治疗阿尔茨海默病机制的脑fMRI系列研究[D].北京：首都医科大学 博士学位论文.2005：50
93. Wang SM, Constable RT, Tokoglu FS, et al. Acupuncture-induced blood oxygenation level-dependent signals in awake and anesthetized volunteers:a pilot study[J]. Anesth Analg, 2007,105(2):499-506.
94. Dhond RP, Yeh C Park K, et al.. Acupuncture modulates resting state connectivity in default and sensorimotor brain networks[J]. Pain,2008,136(3):230-231.
95. Qin W, Tian J Bai L, et al. fMPI connectivity analysis of acupuncture effects on an amygdala-associated brain network[J]. Mol Pain,2008,4:55-60.
96. Lijun Bai, Wei Qin, Jie Tian,et al. Time-varied characteristics of acupuncture effects in fMRI studies[J]. Hum Brain Mapp,2009,30(11):3445-3460.
97.田捷,秦伟,艾琳,等.基于功能磁共振的针刺机制初步研究——从问题到方法[J].首都医科大学学报,2007,28(6)：683-688.
98. Beissner F, Henke C. Methodological Problems in fmri Studies on Acupuncture:A Critical Review With Special Emphasis on Visual and Auditory Cortex Activations[J]. Evid Based Complement Altemat Med,2009 Sep 30. PMID:19793834.