留学生高级汉语教材中古代汉语选文问题研究
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摘要
笔者在查看资料时注意到美国一些大学已开设了古代汉语的课程并有相应的古代汉语教材，于是着手开始调查留学生古代汉语的教材情况，发现国内只有汉语专业的留学生才有相关专业课程和教材，没有针对非汉语专业留学生的古代汉语教学以及教材。随之产生了许多疑惑：非汉语专业的留学生是否适合学习古代汉语呢？能否在非汉语专业留学生的汉语教材中加入古代汉语课文呢？什么样的课文能够适合他们学习呢？带着这些疑惑展开了论文的研究。
本文中，以在非汉语专业留学生教材中加入古代汉语课文作为重要论点，在此基础上查找了留学生古代汉语教学和教材的相关文献，对古代汉语教材现状做了详细分析，论文共有五部分构成。
引言部分。主要介绍了留学生高级汉语教材中古代汉语选文的选题动机和选题意义，简明的概括了论文的研究范围。
研究综述部分。笔者对留学生古代汉语教材及选文的现有成果展开了论述，分别为对古代汉语教材内容编排进行的研究、古代汉语教学中所涉及的选文问题的研究、其他相关文献中所涉及到的选文问题研究。发现现有成果所存在的不足之处，引出本文的研究思路和方法。
论文的主体部分，分为两部分来展开。第一部分是古代汉语的选文概况以及留学生学习现状的分析，对与古代汉语相关的教材和选文进行了概括，对留学生学习古代汉语的现状进行了分析，概括了实际教学中古代汉语选文推进的难点。第二部分是留学生调查问卷的设计以及分析，笔者在总结前人成果以及了解古代汉语选文概况和留学生学习现状的基础上，针对非汉语专业留学生设计了一套调查问卷。并对调查问卷的反馈结果进行归纳总结以及分析整理，利用表格和图形进行展示，用数据来论证留学生学习古代汉语的可能性以及古代汉语选文的方向性。
其后是对古代汉语选文的思考。通过教材的分析和留学生的问卷调查，对古代汉语选文的问题进行有条理的逐步深入的分析，总结归纳出当前选文出现的问题并分析存在问题的原因，探寻未来选文发展的出路和方向。
最后为论文结语部分。对本文的内容进行了简明论述和总结，指出论文存在不足之处，并提出下一阶段需要进行的工作内容。
本文以古代汉语选文概况以及调查研究为重点，调查问卷的设计和分析是本文突出的特点，从实际出发，结合留学生的现实需求，为更好的进行古代汉语选文提供了现实基础。
The author found some universities has opened the ancient Chinese courses andhave corresponding ancient Chinese teaching test, in the USA. I began to do theinvestigation about the ancient Chinese teaching test of the students. The studentshave not professional curriculum and test except their major is Chinese. I have manyquestions: whether the non-Chinese professional students able to learn the ancientChinese? Can the Chinese teaching materials add ancient Chinese texts to thenon-Chinese professional students? What kind of text for them to learn? With thesedoubts I begin to study.
This article has five parts. The non-Chinese professional students textbooks inancient Chinese texts as an important argument, on this basis to find students ofancient Chinese teaching literature and teaching materials to do a detailed analysis ofthe status quo of the ancient Chinese teaching materials.
Preamble, Introduce the topics of motivation and significance of the topic of thestudents in the Chinese textbooks, selecting ancient Chinese text, summarizing thethesis concisely.
In the research section, the author discusses the existing achievements of thestudents of ancient Chinese teaching materials and the selection of text, respectively,the study conducted by arrangement of the ancient Chinese teaching materials;involved in the text-selection about the ancient Chinese teaching; other relevantliterature related to selected text. Find the defects in the current results, leads to theideas and methods of the study.
The main part of the paper is divided into two parts to expand. The first part isthe overview of text-selection as well as analysis of the status of students learning inthe ancient Chinese, ancient Chinese teaching materials and text-selection aresummarized in the status quo of the students to learn the ancient Chinese, summarizesthe actual teaching of the ancient Chinese text-selection to promote the difficulty.
The second part is the questionnaire design and analysis, the questionnairedesigned for non-Chinese professional students on the basis of summarizing theoverview of previous results about the text-selection，and the status quo of ancientChinese and students to learn. The feedback on the questionnaire results weresummarized and analyzed, using of tables and graphs to display the selected text data,demonstrated the possibility of studying the ancient Chinese as well as ancientChinese directionality.
In view of the selection relate to the ancient Chinese text. Through analyzing thequestionnaire survey of ancient Chinese text-selection step-by-step and in-depth,summarizing the problems of the current selected text and analyzing the reasons forthe problems, exploring the way out of the future development about the selectedarticles direction.
Finally, summarize the contents of the article, and point out the inadequacies ofthe paper, and the next phase of work to be carried out.
This paper mainly focus on the ancient Chinese text-selection profiles andresearch, questionnaire design and analysis is the salient features of this paper,proceed from reality, combined with the practical needs of the students, provide arealistic foundation for the text-selection of the ancient Chinese.
本文中，以在非汉语专业留学生教材中加入古代汉语课文作为重要论点，在此基础上查找了留学生古代汉语教学和教材的相关文献，对古代汉语教材现状做了详细分析，论文共有五部分构成。
引言部分。主要介绍了留学生高级汉语教材中古代汉语选文的选题动机和选题意义，简明的概括了论文的研究范围。
研究综述部分。笔者对留学生古代汉语教材及选文的现有成果展开了论述，分别为对古代汉语教材内容编排进行的研究、古代汉语教学中所涉及的选文问题的研究、其他相关文献中所涉及到的选文问题研究。发现现有成果所存在的不足之处，引出本文的研究思路和方法。
论文的主体部分，分为两部分来展开。第一部分是古代汉语的选文概况以及留学生学习现状的分析，对与古代汉语相关的教材和选文进行了概括，对留学生学习古代汉语的现状进行了分析，概括了实际教学中古代汉语选文推进的难点。第二部分是留学生调查问卷的设计以及分析，笔者在总结前人成果以及了解古代汉语选文概况和留学生学习现状的基础上，针对非汉语专业留学生设计了一套调查问卷。并对调查问卷的反馈结果进行归纳总结以及分析整理，利用表格和图形进行展示，用数据来论证留学生学习古代汉语的可能性以及古代汉语选文的方向性。
其后是对古代汉语选文的思考。通过教材的分析和留学生的问卷调查，对古代汉语选文的问题进行有条理的逐步深入的分析，总结归纳出当前选文出现的问题并分析存在问题的原因，探寻未来选文发展的出路和方向。
最后为论文结语部分。对本文的内容进行了简明论述和总结，指出论文存在不足之处，并提出下一阶段需要进行的工作内容。
本文以古代汉语选文概况以及调查研究为重点，调查问卷的设计和分析是本文突出的特点，从实际出发，结合留学生的现实需求，为更好的进行古代汉语选文提供了现实基础。
The author found some universities has opened the ancient Chinese courses andhave corresponding ancient Chinese teaching test, in the USA. I began to do theinvestigation about the ancient Chinese teaching test of the students. The studentshave not professional curriculum and test except their major is Chinese. I have manyquestions: whether the non-Chinese professional students able to learn the ancientChinese? Can the Chinese teaching materials add ancient Chinese texts to thenon-Chinese professional students? What kind of text for them to learn? With thesedoubts I begin to study.
This article has five parts. The non-Chinese professional students textbooks inancient Chinese texts as an important argument, on this basis to find students ofancient Chinese teaching literature and teaching materials to do a detailed analysis ofthe status quo of the ancient Chinese teaching materials.
Preamble, Introduce the topics of motivation and significance of the topic of thestudents in the Chinese textbooks, selecting ancient Chinese text, summarizing thethesis concisely.
In the research section, the author discusses the existing achievements of thestudents of ancient Chinese teaching materials and the selection of text, respectively,the study conducted by arrangement of the ancient Chinese teaching materials;involved in the text-selection about the ancient Chinese teaching; other relevantliterature related to selected text. Find the defects in the current results, leads to theideas and methods of the study.
The main part of the paper is divided into two parts to expand. The first part isthe overview of text-selection as well as analysis of the status of students learning inthe ancient Chinese, ancient Chinese teaching materials and text-selection aresummarized in the status quo of the students to learn the ancient Chinese, summarizesthe actual teaching of the ancient Chinese text-selection to promote the difficulty.
The second part is the questionnaire design and analysis, the questionnairedesigned for non-Chinese professional students on the basis of summarizing theoverview of previous results about the text-selection，and the status quo of ancientChinese and students to learn. The feedback on the questionnaire results weresummarized and analyzed, using of tables and graphs to display the selected text data,demonstrated the possibility of studying the ancient Chinese as well as ancientChinese directionality.
In view of the selection relate to the ancient Chinese text. Through analyzing thequestionnaire survey of ancient Chinese text-selection step-by-step and in-depth,summarizing the problems of the current selected text and analyzing the reasons forthe problems, exploring the way out of the future development about the selectedarticles direction.
Finally, summarize the contents of the article, and point out the inadequacies ofthe paper, and the next phase of work to be carried out.
This paper mainly focus on the ancient Chinese text-selection profiles andresearch, questionnaire design and analysis is the salient features of this paper,proceed from reality, combined with the practical needs of the students, provide arealistic foundation for the text-selection of the ancient Chinese.
引文
[1]韩梅.留学生古代汉语教学中应突出现代汉语能力的培养.现代语文,2006(09).
[2]黄爱华.谈留学生的古代汉语教学.大连教育学院学报,2006(01).
[3]韩梅.浅谈留学生古代汉语教学.现代语文,2006(05).
[4]贾晶.留学生古代汉语教学研究.沈阳师范大学,2010.
[5]高慧敏.试谈对留学生的古代诗词教学.华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002(04).
[1]崔立斌.谈留学生古代汉语教学.北京师范大学报,2002(06).
[2]崔晓.国内对外汉语教学中的探索与思考.科教导刊-社会科学教学,2010（09）.
[3]冯胜利.文以载道.高等教育出版社,2007.
[4]高慧敏.试谈对留学生的古代诗词教学.华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002(04).
[5]韩梅.留学生古代汉语教学中应突出现代汉语能力的培养.现代语文,2006(09).
[6]韩梅.浅谈留学生古代汉语教学.现代语文,2006(05).
[7]黄爱华.谈留学生的古代汉语教学.大连教育学院学报,2006(01).
[8]贾晶.留学生古代汉语教学研究.沈阳师范大学,2010.
[9]姜媛媛.对两套对外汉语口语教材练习的考察与研究.厦门大学,2009.
[10]刘智伟、高晨.对海外古代汉语教学语言问题的思考——以美国古代汉语教学为例.山西大学报,2010(02).
[11]鲁健骥.一本有特色的古汉语教材———<文言入门>读后.语言教学与研究,1984(01).
[12]陆曼.对外汉语教学中的成语教学研究.沈阳师范大学,2010.
[13]苏瑞卿.谈留学生古汉语教材的革新.世界汉语教学,2003（06）.
[14]孙兰.对外汉语教学中的古代文学课.云南师范大学学报,2007(09).
[15]谭国应.浅析古汉语在现代交际中的应用.四川职业技术学院学报,2009(11).
[16]肖莹.留学生古代汉语教材研究.沈阳师范大学硕士论文，2011(03).
[17]姚美玲.浅谈对美国学生的“古代汉语”教学—以CIEE的教学为例.教育理论与实践,2009(29).
[18]董明.古代趣读,北京:北京师范大学出版社,1993.
[19]贾玉芳、刘永山.古文初渡,北京:北京语言大学出版社,1992.
[20]刘永山杨丽珠.古汉语读本.国际文化出版社,1991.
[21]吕叔湘.汉语语法分析问题.商务印书馆,1979.
[22]王美玲.试论对外汉语教学中的成语教学.湖南师范大学,2004.
[23]王硕.古汉语读本.北京大学出版社,1998.
[24]徐宗才.古代汉语课本,北京:北京语言文化大学出版社,1998.
[25]朱瑞平.关于对外汉语教学中“古代汉语”教学及教材建设的几点思考.北京师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2001(06).
[26]朱焱炜.对外汉语教学中的古汉语教学.上海大学学报(社会科学版),2007(5).
[27](加)W.F.麦基：《语言教学分析》.北京：北京语言学院出版社,1990.
[28] Candlin, D．Syllabus1984．Design as a Critical Process[A]．ELT Documentsl18[C]，pp29-46．
[2]黄爱华.谈留学生的古代汉语教学.大连教育学院学报,2006(01).
[3]韩梅.浅谈留学生古代汉语教学.现代语文,2006(05).
[4]贾晶.留学生古代汉语教学研究.沈阳师范大学,2010.
[5]高慧敏.试谈对留学生的古代诗词教学.华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002(04).
[1]崔立斌.谈留学生古代汉语教学.北京师范大学报,2002(06).
[2]崔晓.国内对外汉语教学中的探索与思考.科教导刊-社会科学教学,2010（09）.
[3]冯胜利.文以载道.高等教育出版社,2007.
[4]高慧敏.试谈对留学生的古代诗词教学.华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2002(04).
[5]韩梅.留学生古代汉语教学中应突出现代汉语能力的培养.现代语文,2006(09).
[6]韩梅.浅谈留学生古代汉语教学.现代语文,2006(05).
[7]黄爱华.谈留学生的古代汉语教学.大连教育学院学报,2006(01).
[8]贾晶.留学生古代汉语教学研究.沈阳师范大学,2010.
[9]姜媛媛.对两套对外汉语口语教材练习的考察与研究.厦门大学,2009.
[10]刘智伟、高晨.对海外古代汉语教学语言问题的思考——以美国古代汉语教学为例.山西大学报,2010(02).
[11]鲁健骥.一本有特色的古汉语教材———<文言入门>读后.语言教学与研究,1984(01).
[12]陆曼.对外汉语教学中的成语教学研究.沈阳师范大学,2010.
[13]苏瑞卿.谈留学生古汉语教材的革新.世界汉语教学,2003（06）.
[14]孙兰.对外汉语教学中的古代文学课.云南师范大学学报,2007(09).
[15]谭国应.浅析古汉语在现代交际中的应用.四川职业技术学院学报,2009(11).
[16]肖莹.留学生古代汉语教材研究.沈阳师范大学硕士论文，2011(03).
[17]姚美玲.浅谈对美国学生的“古代汉语”教学—以CIEE的教学为例.教育理论与实践,2009(29).
[18]董明.古代趣读,北京:北京师范大学出版社,1993.
[19]贾玉芳、刘永山.古文初渡,北京:北京语言大学出版社,1992.
[20]刘永山杨丽珠.古汉语读本.国际文化出版社,1991.
[21]吕叔湘.汉语语法分析问题.商务印书馆,1979.
[22]王美玲.试论对外汉语教学中的成语教学.湖南师范大学,2004.
[23]王硕.古汉语读本.北京大学出版社,1998.
[24]徐宗才.古代汉语课本,北京:北京语言文化大学出版社,1998.
[25]朱瑞平.关于对外汉语教学中“古代汉语”教学及教材建设的几点思考.北京师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2001(06).
[26]朱焱炜.对外汉语教学中的古汉语教学.上海大学学报(社会科学版),2007(5).
[27](加)W.F.麦基：《语言教学分析》.北京：北京语言学院出版社,1990.
[28] Candlin, D．Syllabus1984．Design as a Critical Process[A]．ELT Documentsl18[C]，pp29-46．