胆舒软胶囊对胆石病患者术后利胆作用的临床观察
|
摘要
目的：观察胆舒软胶囊对胆石病患者术后利胆作用的效果
方法：对我院2009-2010年因胆石病住院手术并于术后留置T管引流胆汁的患者共80人,随机分为治疗组(40人)和对照组(40人)。两组于术后第7天的清晨6:00-7:00空腹留取T管胆汁5ml和血清标本5ml立即送检。治疗组于术后第一天开始与餐前给予胆舒软胶囊口服2粒／次,3次/d,对照组不服用药。两组病人均于术后给予抗感染及维持水电解质平衡等相同的常规处理。分别观察：1.血清生化指标：胆汁酸、总胆红素、结合胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酰转肽酶;2.胆汁生化指标：胆固醇、总胆红素、非结合胆红素、胆汁酸。
结果：术后两组患者血清生化指标中的谷氨酰转肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、结合胆红素、总胆红素具有统计学意义,胆汁酸无统计学意义。术后两组患者的胆汁生化指标中的胆汁酸、总胆红素、非结合胆红素(T=2.1062,P<0.05)的统计结果具有统计意义,而胆固醇的检验结果无统计学意义。
结论：在胆石病患者解除梗阻后给予胆舒软胶囊辅助治疗具有明显的利胆退黄作用。
Objective:to observe Cholagogue function of Dan Shu Ruan capsule on the parents of cholelithiasis after surgery
Method random divided all 80 patients,who was hospitalized for cholelithiasis and lift T-tube drainage after surgery, into two groups, treatment group (40) and control group(40).5ml bile taken from T-tube and 5ml serum sample from two groups cases were sent immediately for test at 6-7 o'clock in the morning fasting state at 7th day after operation. The treatment group were given Dan Shu Ruan capsule 2grain three times a day, control group were not given. Both groups were given the same routine treatment after surgery. To observe 1、Serum index:total bile acid(TBA)、total bilirubin(TB)、conjugated bilirubin(CB)、alkaline phosphatase (ALP)、γ-glutamyl transferase(GGT); 2. Bile biochemical index:total bile acid(TBA)、total bilirubin(TB)、unconjugated bilirubin(UCB)
Result:compare with two groups in Serum index:total bilirubin(TB)、conjugated bilirubin(CB)、alkaline phosphatase (ALP)、γ-glutamyl transferase(GGT) and in Bile biochemical index:total bile acid(TBA)、total bilirubin(TB)、unconjugated bilirubin(UCB) have statistically significant difference (p< 0.05), but total bile acid(TBA) have not statistically significant difference(P>0.05).
Conclusion:there are obvious effect on choleretic and improving liver function for the patients of cholelithiasis after surgery.
方法：对我院2009-2010年因胆石病住院手术并于术后留置T管引流胆汁的患者共80人,随机分为治疗组(40人)和对照组(40人)。两组于术后第7天的清晨6:00-7:00空腹留取T管胆汁5ml和血清标本5ml立即送检。治疗组于术后第一天开始与餐前给予胆舒软胶囊口服2粒／次,3次/d,对照组不服用药。两组病人均于术后给予抗感染及维持水电解质平衡等相同的常规处理。分别观察：1.血清生化指标：胆汁酸、总胆红素、结合胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酰转肽酶;2.胆汁生化指标：胆固醇、总胆红素、非结合胆红素、胆汁酸。
结果：术后两组患者血清生化指标中的谷氨酰转肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、结合胆红素、总胆红素具有统计学意义,胆汁酸无统计学意义。术后两组患者的胆汁生化指标中的胆汁酸、总胆红素、非结合胆红素(T=2.1062,P<0.05)的统计结果具有统计意义,而胆固醇的检验结果无统计学意义。
结论：在胆石病患者解除梗阻后给予胆舒软胶囊辅助治疗具有明显的利胆退黄作用。
Objective:to observe Cholagogue function of Dan Shu Ruan capsule on the parents of cholelithiasis after surgery
Method random divided all 80 patients,who was hospitalized for cholelithiasis and lift T-tube drainage after surgery, into two groups, treatment group (40) and control group(40).5ml bile taken from T-tube and 5ml serum sample from two groups cases were sent immediately for test at 6-7 o'clock in the morning fasting state at 7th day after operation. The treatment group were given Dan Shu Ruan capsule 2grain three times a day, control group were not given. Both groups were given the same routine treatment after surgery. To observe 1、Serum index:total bile acid(TBA)、total bilirubin(TB)、conjugated bilirubin(CB)、alkaline phosphatase (ALP)、γ-glutamyl transferase(GGT); 2. Bile biochemical index:total bile acid(TBA)、total bilirubin(TB)、unconjugated bilirubin(UCB)
Result:compare with two groups in Serum index:total bilirubin(TB)、conjugated bilirubin(CB)、alkaline phosphatase (ALP)、γ-glutamyl transferase(GGT) and in Bile biochemical index:total bile acid(TBA)、total bilirubin(TB)、unconjugated bilirubin(UCB) have statistically significant difference (p< 0.05), but total bile acid(TBA) have not statistically significant difference(P>0.05).
Conclusion:there are obvious effect on choleretic and improving liver function for the patients of cholelithiasis after surgery.
引文
[1].沈世鹏,萧蓉葆.胆石症[M].第一版,北京：人民卫生出版社,2001：1,173
[2].吴阶平,裘法祖.黄家驷外科学[M].第六版,北京：人民卫生出版社,2001：1281-1285
[3].吴在德,吴肇汉.外科学[M].第六版,北京：人民卫生出版社,2003:573-577
[4].陈希纲,刘家奇,王文光.胆石病术后死亡原因探讨.肝胆胰脾外科杂志,1997,3:7210.
[5].顾倬云,黄志强.中国人胆结石的特点.中华外科杂志,1987,25:3212329.
[6].崔颖,屠锡德.国外口服软胶囊剂的研究.药学进展,2003,27(6):340-345
[7].田青平,董红伟.混合型结石在纯的薄荷油中的溶石研究[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(1)： 36.
[8].田青平,董红伟.依地酸和薄荷油的含量对混合型胆结石溶石能力的影响[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(2)：135—136.
[9]. Leuschner M, Leuschner U, Lazarovici D, et al. Dissolution of gall stones with an ursodeoxycholic acid menthol preparation:a controlled prospective double blind trial. Gut, 1988,29(4):428-432
[10].陈光亮,姚道云,汪远金,等.薄荷油药理作用和急性毒性的研究.中药药理与临床,2001,17(1)：10-12
[11]. Green BG, McAuliffe BL. Menthol desensitization of capsaicin irritation. Evidence of a short-term anti-nociceptive effect. Physiol Behav,2000,68(5):631-639
[12].谢以若,秦杰.薄荷醇对家兔、豚鼠、小鼠离体肠平滑肌、子宫肌的作用.教学与医疗,1988,4(3)：1-3.
[13].周孝恩.胆石症.见郑芝田主编.胃肠病学[M].第3版北京：人民卫生出版社,2002,1259—1289.
[14]. Caestecher JS,,Jazrawi RP. Direct assesment of the mechanism for a raised serum bile acid level in chronic liver disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol,1995,10:61-65
[15].吴晓虹,凌月明,唐开洪,等.肝病患者血清中总胆汁酸测定的意义[J],2003,10(4)：327-328
[16].陈进宏,蔡端,张延龄.胆汁成石趋势及成石性质多因素判断程序的研制及其临床愈义.肝胆胰外科杂志,1999,11：149-151.
[17].朱雷明,蔡端,张延龄.模拟胆汁体系中游离胆红素的热力学研究.外科理论与实践,1999,4：13-17.
[18].龙明照,龙明智,金妙文,等.四金化石胶囊治疗实验性豚鼠胆红素结石及其机理的研究[J].云南中医中药杂志,1997,18(3):30-32
[19].傅贤波,周孝思,张挽华,等.“胆红素钙”的沉淀过程及胆汁酸盐对其影响.中华外科杂志,1984,22:266
[20]. Poelstra K, Bakker WW, Hardonk MJ, et al. Lipopolysaccharid detoxification:A crucial physiological function of alkaline phosphatase revealed. Hepatology,1996,24:327
[21].白钢,邱宝安,白宏伟,等.单侧肝管引流对肝门胆管癌术后肝功能恢复的作用[J].中国普通外科杂志,2000,9(2)：168-170
[1].梁呈,李维林,张涵庆,等.薄荷化学成分及其药理作用研究进展.中国野生植物资源,2003,22(3)：9-12
[2].崔颖,屠锡德.国外口服软胶囊剂的研究.药学进展,2003,27(6):340-345
[3]顾倬云,黄志强.中国人胆结石的特点.中华外科杂志,1987,25:3212329
[4]陈希纲,刘家奇,王文光.胆石病术后死亡原因探讨.肝胆胰脾外科杂志,1997,3：7210
[5]田青平,董红伟.混合型结石在纯的薄荷油中的溶石研究[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(1)： 36
[6]田青平,董红伟.依地酸和薄荷油的含量对混合型胆结石溶石能力的影响[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(2)：135—136
[7].江苏省植物研究所.新华本草(第一册).上海：上海科学技术出版社,1988.446.
[8].桂新,周荣汉.国产野生薄荷挥发油化学组分变异及其化学型.植物资源与环境,1998,7(3)：13218
[9].Pulo tova T P. Pheno lic compounds of some species of m int.U zb. Bio 1. Zh.1973,17 (6), 17219
[10].张继东,王庆琪.薄荷残渣中化学成分及抗炎作用.山东医药工业,2000,19(3)34235
[11].黄泰康.常用中药成分与药理手册.北京：中国医药科技出版社,1994.1828
[12].中华人民共和国卫生部药典委员会编.中华人民共和国药典.北京：人民卫生出版社,2000.6097
[13]张晓云.复方薄荷淀粉对乳腺癌术后放疗区域皮肤保护作用的评价[J].中华护理杂志,1990,25(10)：523-524
[14]王晖,许卫铭,王宗锐,等.薄荷醇对戊巴比妥中枢抑制作用的影响[J].现代应用药学,1995,12(3)：1-2
[15]PerezRa yaMD.圆叶薄荷和欧薄荷的精油对小鼠和大鼠中枢神经系统的作用[J].国外医学·中医中药分册,1992,14(1)：54
[16]. Grigoleit HG, Grigoleit P. Pharmacology and preclinical pharmacokinetics of peppermint oil.Phytomedicine,2005,12(8):612-616
[17].陈光亮,姚道云,汪远金,等.薄荷油药理作用和急性毒性的研究.中药药理与临床,2001,17(1)：10-12
[18]VoLT, ChanD, King RG. Invest igation of the effect sofpepper 2 mintoiland valerian on ratliver and cultureed human liver
[19].山源条仁.关于薄荷利胆作用的生物活性成分的研究[J].中医药信息,1986,(2)：39-40.
[20]谢川若,秦杰.薄荷醇对家兔、豚鼠、小鼠离体肠平滑肌、子宫肌的作用[J].教学与医疗,1988,4(3)：1-3.
[21]张志平,蔡康荣,吴铁.薄荷脑促扑热息痛透过胎儿皮肤实验的电镜观察及其助渗机制的探讨[J].解剖学杂志,1994,17(1)：11-13.
[22]吴铁.薄荷脑促进扑热息痛经皮渗透作用研究[J].中国医院药学杂志,1992,12(3)：104.
[23]谭健华.薄荷醇促进抗生素、抗菌药的透皮作用研究[J].广东医学,1995,16(8)：556-557.
[24]徐伟,王宗锐,许卫铭.薄荷醇及冰片对磺胺嘧啶和伊文思蓝在脑中分布的影响[J].中药药理与临床,1995,11(6)：31-33.
[25]阴健.中药现代研究与临床应用[M].北京：学苑出版社,1994:681.
[26]. Harkenthal M, Reichling J, Geiss HK, et al. Comparative study on the in vitro antibacterial activity of Australian tea tree oil, cajuput oil, niaouli oil, manuka oil, kanuka oil, and eucalyptus oil. Pharmazie,1999,54(6):460-463
[27]. Davies SJ, Harding LM, Baranowski AP. A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain,2002,18(3):200-202
[28].陈华萍,吴铁,吴志华,等.华芙露的抗菌实验研究.中国药师,20014(3):175-177
[29]. Imai H, Osawa K, Yasuda H, et al. Inhibition by the essential oils of peppermint and spearmint of the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Microbios,2001,106 (Suppl 1):31-39
[30]. Schelz Z, Molnar J, Hohmann J. Antimicrobial and antiplasmid activities of essential oils. Fitoterapia,2006,77 (4):279-285
[31]Edris AE, Farrag ES. Antifungal activity of peppermint and sweet basil essential oil sand the
irmajoraroma constituents on some plant pathogenic fungi from the vapor phase [J].Nahrung,2003,47 (2):117-121.
[32]Schuhmacher A, Reich ling J, Schnitzler P.V irucidal effect of peppermint to ilon the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus typel and type 2 in vitro [J]. Ph ytomedicine,2003,10 (6-7):504-510.
[33]. Schuhmacher A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P.Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro. Phytomedicine,2003,10(6-7):504-5104.
[34]Leuschner M, Leuschner U, Lazarovici D, et al. Dissolution of gall stoneswith an ursodeoxycholic acid menthol preparation:a controlled prospectivedouble blind trial. Gut, 1988,29(4):428-432
[35].田青平,董红伟.混合型结石在纯的薄荷油中的溶石研究.山西医科大学学报,2000,31(1)：36
[36]陈光亮,姚道云,汪远金,等.薄荷油药理作用和急性毒性的研究[J].中药药理与临床,2001,17(1)：10—12.
[37].王晖,许卫铭,王宗锐.薄荷醇对柴胡镇痛作用的影响.中医药研究,1996,(2):38-39
[38].Green BG, McAuliffe BL. Menthol desensitization of capsaicin irritation.Evidence of a short-term anti-nociceptive effect. Physiol Behav,2000,68(5):631-639
[39]. Galeotti N, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Mazzanti G, et al. Menthol:a naturalanalgesic compound. Neurosci Lett,2002,322 (3):145-148
[40]. Hall AC, Turcotte CM, Betts BA, et al. Modulation of human GABAA andglycine receptor currents by menthol and related monoterpenoids. Eur JPharmacol,2004,506(1):9-16
[41]Mc Clanahan RH, Thomassen D, Slattery J T, etal. Metabolic activation of (R) 2 (+) 2 pulegoneto are active enonalthatcova 21 ently bind stomouse liver proteins [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 1989,2:349-355.
[42]Moorthy B, Madyastha P, Madyastha K M. Hepato toxicity of pule gone in rats:its effects on microsomalenzymes, invivo [J].Toxicology,1989,55:327-337.
[43]Thomassen D, Knebel N, Slattery J T, etal. Reactive inter medi 2 at esinthe oxidation of menthofuranbycytochromesP 2450[J].ChemResToxicol.1992,5:123-130.
[44]Engel W. Invivo studies on the metabolism of the monoter penepule gone in human susingthemetabolismofin gestion2correlatedamounts(MICA) approach:explanation for the toxicity differ 2encesbetween (S)2(2)2and (R)2(+)2pulegone[J].JA gricFoodChem,2003,51 (22):6589-6597.
[45]Madyastha K M, Raj C P. Studies on the metabolis mofamono terpeneket one, R 2(+)2 puleg one 2 ahepatotoxininration and characterization of new metabolites[J].Xenobiotica,1993,23:509-518.
[2].吴阶平,裘法祖.黄家驷外科学[M].第六版,北京：人民卫生出版社,2001：1281-1285
[3].吴在德,吴肇汉.外科学[M].第六版,北京：人民卫生出版社,2003:573-577
[4].陈希纲,刘家奇,王文光.胆石病术后死亡原因探讨.肝胆胰脾外科杂志,1997,3:7210.
[5].顾倬云,黄志强.中国人胆结石的特点.中华外科杂志,1987,25:3212329.
[6].崔颖,屠锡德.国外口服软胶囊剂的研究.药学进展,2003,27(6):340-345
[7].田青平,董红伟.混合型结石在纯的薄荷油中的溶石研究[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(1)： 36.
[8].田青平,董红伟.依地酸和薄荷油的含量对混合型胆结石溶石能力的影响[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(2)：135—136.
[9]. Leuschner M, Leuschner U, Lazarovici D, et al. Dissolution of gall stones with an ursodeoxycholic acid menthol preparation:a controlled prospective double blind trial. Gut, 1988,29(4):428-432
[10].陈光亮,姚道云,汪远金,等.薄荷油药理作用和急性毒性的研究.中药药理与临床,2001,17(1)：10-12
[11]. Green BG, McAuliffe BL. Menthol desensitization of capsaicin irritation. Evidence of a short-term anti-nociceptive effect. Physiol Behav,2000,68(5):631-639
[12].谢以若,秦杰.薄荷醇对家兔、豚鼠、小鼠离体肠平滑肌、子宫肌的作用.教学与医疗,1988,4(3)：1-3.
[13].周孝恩.胆石症.见郑芝田主编.胃肠病学[M].第3版北京：人民卫生出版社,2002,1259—1289.
[14]. Caestecher JS,,Jazrawi RP. Direct assesment of the mechanism for a raised serum bile acid level in chronic liver disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol,1995,10:61-65
[15].吴晓虹,凌月明,唐开洪,等.肝病患者血清中总胆汁酸测定的意义[J],2003,10(4)：327-328
[16].陈进宏,蔡端,张延龄.胆汁成石趋势及成石性质多因素判断程序的研制及其临床愈义.肝胆胰外科杂志,1999,11：149-151.
[17].朱雷明,蔡端,张延龄.模拟胆汁体系中游离胆红素的热力学研究.外科理论与实践,1999,4：13-17.
[18].龙明照,龙明智,金妙文,等.四金化石胶囊治疗实验性豚鼠胆红素结石及其机理的研究[J].云南中医中药杂志,1997,18(3):30-32
[19].傅贤波,周孝思,张挽华,等.“胆红素钙”的沉淀过程及胆汁酸盐对其影响.中华外科杂志,1984,22:266
[20]. Poelstra K, Bakker WW, Hardonk MJ, et al. Lipopolysaccharid detoxification:A crucial physiological function of alkaline phosphatase revealed. Hepatology,1996,24:327
[21].白钢,邱宝安,白宏伟,等.单侧肝管引流对肝门胆管癌术后肝功能恢复的作用[J].中国普通外科杂志,2000,9(2)：168-170
[1].梁呈,李维林,张涵庆,等.薄荷化学成分及其药理作用研究进展.中国野生植物资源,2003,22(3)：9-12
[2].崔颖,屠锡德.国外口服软胶囊剂的研究.药学进展,2003,27(6):340-345
[3]顾倬云,黄志强.中国人胆结石的特点.中华外科杂志,1987,25:3212329
[4]陈希纲,刘家奇,王文光.胆石病术后死亡原因探讨.肝胆胰脾外科杂志,1997,3：7210
[5]田青平,董红伟.混合型结石在纯的薄荷油中的溶石研究[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(1)： 36
[6]田青平,董红伟.依地酸和薄荷油的含量对混合型胆结石溶石能力的影响[J].山西医科大学学报,2000,31(2)：135—136
[7].江苏省植物研究所.新华本草(第一册).上海：上海科学技术出版社,1988.446.
[8].桂新,周荣汉.国产野生薄荷挥发油化学组分变异及其化学型.植物资源与环境,1998,7(3)：13218
[9].Pulo tova T P. Pheno lic compounds of some species of m int.U zb. Bio 1. Zh.1973,17 (6), 17219
[10].张继东,王庆琪.薄荷残渣中化学成分及抗炎作用.山东医药工业,2000,19(3)34235
[11].黄泰康.常用中药成分与药理手册.北京：中国医药科技出版社,1994.1828
[12].中华人民共和国卫生部药典委员会编.中华人民共和国药典.北京：人民卫生出版社,2000.6097
[13]张晓云.复方薄荷淀粉对乳腺癌术后放疗区域皮肤保护作用的评价[J].中华护理杂志,1990,25(10)：523-524
[14]王晖,许卫铭,王宗锐,等.薄荷醇对戊巴比妥中枢抑制作用的影响[J].现代应用药学,1995,12(3)：1-2
[15]PerezRa yaMD.圆叶薄荷和欧薄荷的精油对小鼠和大鼠中枢神经系统的作用[J].国外医学·中医中药分册,1992,14(1)：54
[16]. Grigoleit HG, Grigoleit P. Pharmacology and preclinical pharmacokinetics of peppermint oil.Phytomedicine,2005,12(8):612-616
[17].陈光亮,姚道云,汪远金,等.薄荷油药理作用和急性毒性的研究.中药药理与临床,2001,17(1)：10-12
[18]VoLT, ChanD, King RG. Invest igation of the effect sofpepper 2 mintoiland valerian on ratliver and cultureed human liver
[19].山源条仁.关于薄荷利胆作用的生物活性成分的研究[J].中医药信息,1986,(2)：39-40.
[20]谢川若,秦杰.薄荷醇对家兔、豚鼠、小鼠离体肠平滑肌、子宫肌的作用[J].教学与医疗,1988,4(3)：1-3.
[21]张志平,蔡康荣,吴铁.薄荷脑促扑热息痛透过胎儿皮肤实验的电镜观察及其助渗机制的探讨[J].解剖学杂志,1994,17(1)：11-13.
[22]吴铁.薄荷脑促进扑热息痛经皮渗透作用研究[J].中国医院药学杂志,1992,12(3)：104.
[23]谭健华.薄荷醇促进抗生素、抗菌药的透皮作用研究[J].广东医学,1995,16(8)：556-557.
[24]徐伟,王宗锐,许卫铭.薄荷醇及冰片对磺胺嘧啶和伊文思蓝在脑中分布的影响[J].中药药理与临床,1995,11(6)：31-33.
[25]阴健.中药现代研究与临床应用[M].北京：学苑出版社,1994:681.
[26]. Harkenthal M, Reichling J, Geiss HK, et al. Comparative study on the in vitro antibacterial activity of Australian tea tree oil, cajuput oil, niaouli oil, manuka oil, kanuka oil, and eucalyptus oil. Pharmazie,1999,54(6):460-463
[27]. Davies SJ, Harding LM, Baranowski AP. A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain,2002,18(3):200-202
[28].陈华萍,吴铁,吴志华,等.华芙露的抗菌实验研究.中国药师,20014(3):175-177
[29]. Imai H, Osawa K, Yasuda H, et al. Inhibition by the essential oils of peppermint and spearmint of the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Microbios,2001,106 (Suppl 1):31-39
[30]. Schelz Z, Molnar J, Hohmann J. Antimicrobial and antiplasmid activities of essential oils. Fitoterapia,2006,77 (4):279-285
[31]Edris AE, Farrag ES. Antifungal activity of peppermint and sweet basil essential oil sand the
irmajoraroma constituents on some plant pathogenic fungi from the vapor phase [J].Nahrung,2003,47 (2):117-121.
[32]Schuhmacher A, Reich ling J, Schnitzler P.V irucidal effect of peppermint to ilon the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus typel and type 2 in vitro [J]. Ph ytomedicine,2003,10 (6-7):504-510.
[33]. Schuhmacher A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P.Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro. Phytomedicine,2003,10(6-7):504-5104.
[34]Leuschner M, Leuschner U, Lazarovici D, et al. Dissolution of gall stoneswith an ursodeoxycholic acid menthol preparation:a controlled prospectivedouble blind trial. Gut, 1988,29(4):428-432
[35].田青平,董红伟.混合型结石在纯的薄荷油中的溶石研究.山西医科大学学报,2000,31(1)：36
[36]陈光亮,姚道云,汪远金,等.薄荷油药理作用和急性毒性的研究[J].中药药理与临床,2001,17(1)：10—12.
[37].王晖,许卫铭,王宗锐.薄荷醇对柴胡镇痛作用的影响.中医药研究,1996,(2):38-39
[38].Green BG, McAuliffe BL. Menthol desensitization of capsaicin irritation.Evidence of a short-term anti-nociceptive effect. Physiol Behav,2000,68(5):631-639
[39]. Galeotti N, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Mazzanti G, et al. Menthol:a naturalanalgesic compound. Neurosci Lett,2002,322 (3):145-148
[40]. Hall AC, Turcotte CM, Betts BA, et al. Modulation of human GABAA andglycine receptor currents by menthol and related monoterpenoids. Eur JPharmacol,2004,506(1):9-16
[41]Mc Clanahan RH, Thomassen D, Slattery J T, etal. Metabolic activation of (R) 2 (+) 2 pulegoneto are active enonalthatcova 21 ently bind stomouse liver proteins [J]. Chem Res Toxicol, 1989,2:349-355.
[42]Moorthy B, Madyastha P, Madyastha K M. Hepato toxicity of pule gone in rats:its effects on microsomalenzymes, invivo [J].Toxicology,1989,55:327-337.
[43]Thomassen D, Knebel N, Slattery J T, etal. Reactive inter medi 2 at esinthe oxidation of menthofuranbycytochromesP 2450[J].ChemResToxicol.1992,5:123-130.
[44]Engel W. Invivo studies on the metabolism of the monoter penepule gone in human susingthemetabolismofin gestion2correlatedamounts(MICA) approach:explanation for the toxicity differ 2encesbetween (S)2(2)2and (R)2(+)2pulegone[J].JA gricFoodChem,2003,51 (22):6589-6597.
[45]Madyastha K M, Raj C P. Studies on the metabolis mofamono terpeneket one, R 2(+)2 puleg one 2 ahepatotoxininration and characterization of new metabolites[J].Xenobiotica,1993,23:509-518.