T2000型表面粗糙度测量仪微机化改造的研究
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摘要
由于国际、国家标准的更新,以前许多的表面粗糙度测量仪不能符合新标准的要求。但是这些测量仪大部分的机械传动装置、传感器、驱动箱等部分依然完好,仍能满足实际测量的技术要求。如果将这些测量仪进行微机化改造,增加一些新的功能,就能够实现高精度测量、多参数评定,满足当前粗糙度测量的要求,从而节省大量资金。
论文运用了测量技术、电子技术和计算机技术对HOMMEL T2000型表面粗糙度测量仪进行了微机化改造。论文提出了对原仪器改造方案的总体结构,充分利用HOMMEL T2000型表面粗糙度测量仪原有的传感器、驱动箱和测量工作台(包括仪器底座及立柱),去除了表面粗糙度测量仪原来的电气部分。采用微机作为控制处理计算机,设计了表面粗糙度测量系统的硬件部分和软件部分。采用VC++语言进行了测量软件界面的设计、数据采集程序的设计、数据处理程序的设计等工作。在仪器改造完成后,通过实验校准,对改造后的整个测量系统作了精度测试以及不确定度分析,并且与英国泰勒公司的S4C型轮廓仪进行了工件实测的比对实验。
改造后的表面粗糙度测量仪具有较高的测量精度,友好的操作界面,方便的测试过程,性能上可以接近目前国内外同类产品的性能。并且已经应用于生产实践中,取得了满意的效果。
By lots of national and international standards have been renewed, many of out-of-date surface roughness measuring instrument can not meet needs for the new standards, but the part of mechanical drive device, sensor, drive box of measurements instrument is still useful, these can meet needs for the praticial measuring. If these measuring instruments can be improved on computer, add new some function, fulfill measuring high precial measuring, multil-parameters evaluating, so that save a lot of money.
This paper utilizes measuring technology, electronic technology and computer technology, and HOMMEL T2000 surface roughness measuring instrument is improved on computer. The overall structure work plan of improvement on computer is put forward on the paper, fulfill the part of mechanical drive device, sensor, drive box of HOMMEL T2000 surface roughness measuring instrument; remove electric part of measuring instrument. Microcomputer is used as control precessing computer. Then the hardware structure and software program of surface roughness measuring instrument are designed. By VC++ programming measuring interface software design, data acquisition programming design, data processing programming design. After instrument transformation, throught experimental calibrations, accuracy measuring for the whole transformation measurement system and the degree of uncertainty analysis are carried out. Compared with Taylor S4C model profilometer, workkpiece measurement comparison experiments have been done.
The transformation surface roughness measuring instrument has higher accuracy, friendly operation interface, and the measurement program is convenient to use. The properties of measuring instrument can compete with other similar products at home and abroad. The transformation surface roughness measuring instrument has been applied to production practice. Satisfactory results are obtained in practical application.
论文运用了测量技术、电子技术和计算机技术对HOMMEL T2000型表面粗糙度测量仪进行了微机化改造。论文提出了对原仪器改造方案的总体结构,充分利用HOMMEL T2000型表面粗糙度测量仪原有的传感器、驱动箱和测量工作台(包括仪器底座及立柱),去除了表面粗糙度测量仪原来的电气部分。采用微机作为控制处理计算机,设计了表面粗糙度测量系统的硬件部分和软件部分。采用VC++语言进行了测量软件界面的设计、数据采集程序的设计、数据处理程序的设计等工作。在仪器改造完成后,通过实验校准,对改造后的整个测量系统作了精度测试以及不确定度分析,并且与英国泰勒公司的S4C型轮廓仪进行了工件实测的比对实验。
改造后的表面粗糙度测量仪具有较高的测量精度,友好的操作界面,方便的测试过程,性能上可以接近目前国内外同类产品的性能。并且已经应用于生产实践中,取得了满意的效果。
By lots of national and international standards have been renewed, many of out-of-date surface roughness measuring instrument can not meet needs for the new standards, but the part of mechanical drive device, sensor, drive box of measurements instrument is still useful, these can meet needs for the praticial measuring. If these measuring instruments can be improved on computer, add new some function, fulfill measuring high precial measuring, multil-parameters evaluating, so that save a lot of money.
This paper utilizes measuring technology, electronic technology and computer technology, and HOMMEL T2000 surface roughness measuring instrument is improved on computer. The overall structure work plan of improvement on computer is put forward on the paper, fulfill the part of mechanical drive device, sensor, drive box of HOMMEL T2000 surface roughness measuring instrument; remove electric part of measuring instrument. Microcomputer is used as control precessing computer. Then the hardware structure and software program of surface roughness measuring instrument are designed. By VC++ programming measuring interface software design, data acquisition programming design, data processing programming design. After instrument transformation, throught experimental calibrations, accuracy measuring for the whole transformation measurement system and the degree of uncertainty analysis are carried out. Compared with Taylor S4C model profilometer, workkpiece measurement comparison experiments have been done.
The transformation surface roughness measuring instrument has higher accuracy, friendly operation interface, and the measurement program is convenient to use. The properties of measuring instrument can compete with other similar products at home and abroad. The transformation surface roughness measuring instrument has been applied to production practice. Satisfactory results are obtained in practical application.
引文
[1]GB 3505-83.表面粗糙度术语表面及其参数.北京：中国计量出版社,1983.
[2]强锡富,毛起广等编译.表面粗糙度及其测量译文集.北京：中国计量出版社,1987
[3]吴松青编著.表面粗糙度应用指南.北京：机械工业出版社,1990.
[4]王慧琴,王晓玲.表面粗糙度测量仪的微机改造.工具技术,2004,38(3)：59-61.
[5]邱英,何淑菊,熊省军.2201型表面粗糙度检查仪微机化改造.应用科技,2004,31(12)：3-5.
[6]刘斌,匡萃方.表面粗糙度测量方法综述.光学仪器.2004.10,第26卷第5期.54-58.
[7]ISO 11562:1996(E). Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Surface Texture:Profile Method-Metrological Characteristics of Phase Correct Filters. International Standard, 1996.
[8]唐文彦,张军,李慧鹏.触针法测量表面粗糙度的发展及现状.机械工艺师,2000,(11)：40-42.
[9]Ildiko Laszlo, Zoltan Fuzessy, Gerd Hausler. The egect of the high surface roughness in a comparative process. Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2002,37:39-49.
[10]H.YKim, YF.Shen, J.H.Ahn. Development of a surface roughness measurement system using reflected laser beam. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,131: 662-667
[11]GB/T 3505-2000.产品几何技术规范(表面结构轮廓法表面结构的术语、定义及参数).北京：中国计量出版社,2000.
[12]Krajnik, P, Kopac, S, Sluga, A. Design of grinding factors based on response surface methodology. Journal of Materials Processing Tech,2005,162Complete:629-636.
[13]杨旭东.表面粗糙度测量仪的工作原理分析及其改进方案.贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版).2001.2,第30卷第1期,45-48.
[14]赵学增,王伟杰,强锡富等.在通用微机上实现触针式轮廓仪的技术造.东北林业大学学报,1994.3,第22卷第2期,87-91.
[15]黄国权等.基于虚拟仪器技术的表面粗糙度测量仪,机床与液压,2007.2,
[16]浦昭邦,王宝光主编.测控仪器设计.北京：机械工业出版社,2001.4,168-175.
[17]张国雄,金篆芷主编.测控电路.北京：机械工业出版社,2001.8,57-82,101-132.
[18]康华光主编.电子技术基础(模拟部分).北京：高等教育出版社,第三版,1988.5, 410-435.
[19]强锡富主编.传感器.北京：机械工业出版社,第二版,1999.2,52-70.
[20]童诗白主编.模拟电子技术基础.北京：高等教育出版社,第二版,1988.5,347-349.
[21]张国雄,金篆芷主编.测控电路.北京：机械工业出版社,2001.8,57-82,100-132.
[22]AC6651I/O接口卡使用手册
[23]AC6112数据采集卡使用手册
[24]王运凯.基于电动轮廓仪的智能化数据采集系统研究.山东理工大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[25]蒋彦. Talysurf 5M型表面粗糙度测量仪的自动化和智能化改造.西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[26]李琳,唐小虎.用C语言实现表面粗糙度评定参数的计算.计测技术,2003,(3)：8-10.
[27]郑淦,苏寒松,谢亚利,刘威.频谱分析在表面粗糙度测定中的应用.仪器仪表学报,2002,23(3)：77-78.
[28]许景波,袁怡宝,朴伟英,J.F.Song, T.V Vorburger.表面粗糙度测量中的高斯滤波快速算法.计量学报,2005,26(4)：309-312.
[29]张婉妹.表面粗糙度的自动化与智能化.西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[30]郭德伟,钟艳如,黄美发.表面粗糙度微观不平度十点高度的不确定度计算.机械设计,2007,24(10)：47-48.
[31]Wen-Ruey Chang, Mikko Hirvonen,Raoul Gronqvist. The effects of cut-off Length onroughness parameters and theircorrelation with transition friction. Safety Science, 2004,42:755-769.
[32]吕会娣,郎岩梅.触针式表面粗糙度测量仪的性能指标及检测.机械工程师,2003,(5)：72-73.
[33]JJF1105-2003.触针式表面粗糙度测量仪校准规范.北京：中国计量出版社,2003.
[34]倪育才编著.实用测量不确定度评定.北京：中国计量出版社,第二版,2008.3
[35]上海市计量测试技术研究院编著.常用测量不确定度评定与表示实例.北京：中国计量出版社,2001,4.
[36]全国计量标准、计量检定人员考核委员会编著.测量标准不确定度评定与表示实例.北京：中国计量出版社,2001,3.
[37]全国计量标准、计量检定人员考核委员会编著.JJF1033-2008.计量标准考核规范.北 京：中国计量出版社,2008,4.
[38]丁振良主编.误差理论与数据处理.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,第二版,2002.5
[39]JJF1059-1999.测量不确定度评定与表示.北京：中国计量出版社,1999
[40]JJF1001-1998.通用计量术语及定义.北京：中国计量出版社,1999
[41]沙定国编著.误差分析与测量不确定度评定.北京：中国计量出版社,2003
[42]李慎安编著.测量不确定度表达十讲.北京：中国计量出版社,1999
[43]陈灿煌.C++Builder6彻底研究.北京：中国铁道出版社.2003
[44]郑莉,董渊,傅仕星编著.C++语言程序设计.北京：清华大学出版社,1999.12,18-20.
[45]韩进宏,张先锋,王运凯.表面粗糙度数据采集与信号处理C++算法研究.仪器仪表学报,2007,28(4)增刊：284-285.
[46]戴鹏飞等编著.测试工程与Labview应用.北京：电子工业出版社,2006
[2]强锡富,毛起广等编译.表面粗糙度及其测量译文集.北京：中国计量出版社,1987
[3]吴松青编著.表面粗糙度应用指南.北京：机械工业出版社,1990.
[4]王慧琴,王晓玲.表面粗糙度测量仪的微机改造.工具技术,2004,38(3)：59-61.
[5]邱英,何淑菊,熊省军.2201型表面粗糙度检查仪微机化改造.应用科技,2004,31(12)：3-5.
[6]刘斌,匡萃方.表面粗糙度测量方法综述.光学仪器.2004.10,第26卷第5期.54-58.
[7]ISO 11562:1996(E). Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Surface Texture:Profile Method-Metrological Characteristics of Phase Correct Filters. International Standard, 1996.
[8]唐文彦,张军,李慧鹏.触针法测量表面粗糙度的发展及现状.机械工艺师,2000,(11)：40-42.
[9]Ildiko Laszlo, Zoltan Fuzessy, Gerd Hausler. The egect of the high surface roughness in a comparative process. Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2002,37:39-49.
[10]H.YKim, YF.Shen, J.H.Ahn. Development of a surface roughness measurement system using reflected laser beam. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2002,131: 662-667
[11]GB/T 3505-2000.产品几何技术规范(表面结构轮廓法表面结构的术语、定义及参数).北京：中国计量出版社,2000.
[12]Krajnik, P, Kopac, S, Sluga, A. Design of grinding factors based on response surface methodology. Journal of Materials Processing Tech,2005,162Complete:629-636.
[13]杨旭东.表面粗糙度测量仪的工作原理分析及其改进方案.贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版).2001.2,第30卷第1期,45-48.
[14]赵学增,王伟杰,强锡富等.在通用微机上实现触针式轮廓仪的技术造.东北林业大学学报,1994.3,第22卷第2期,87-91.
[15]黄国权等.基于虚拟仪器技术的表面粗糙度测量仪,机床与液压,2007.2,
[16]浦昭邦,王宝光主编.测控仪器设计.北京：机械工业出版社,2001.4,168-175.
[17]张国雄,金篆芷主编.测控电路.北京：机械工业出版社,2001.8,57-82,101-132.
[18]康华光主编.电子技术基础(模拟部分).北京：高等教育出版社,第三版,1988.5, 410-435.
[19]强锡富主编.传感器.北京：机械工业出版社,第二版,1999.2,52-70.
[20]童诗白主编.模拟电子技术基础.北京：高等教育出版社,第二版,1988.5,347-349.
[21]张国雄,金篆芷主编.测控电路.北京：机械工业出版社,2001.8,57-82,100-132.
[22]AC6651I/O接口卡使用手册
[23]AC6112数据采集卡使用手册
[24]王运凯.基于电动轮廓仪的智能化数据采集系统研究.山东理工大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[25]蒋彦. Talysurf 5M型表面粗糙度测量仪的自动化和智能化改造.西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[26]李琳,唐小虎.用C语言实现表面粗糙度评定参数的计算.计测技术,2003,(3)：8-10.
[27]郑淦,苏寒松,谢亚利,刘威.频谱分析在表面粗糙度测定中的应用.仪器仪表学报,2002,23(3)：77-78.
[28]许景波,袁怡宝,朴伟英,J.F.Song, T.V Vorburger.表面粗糙度测量中的高斯滤波快速算法.计量学报,2005,26(4)：309-312.
[29]张婉妹.表面粗糙度的自动化与智能化.西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[30]郭德伟,钟艳如,黄美发.表面粗糙度微观不平度十点高度的不确定度计算.机械设计,2007,24(10)：47-48.
[31]Wen-Ruey Chang, Mikko Hirvonen,Raoul Gronqvist. The effects of cut-off Length onroughness parameters and theircorrelation with transition friction. Safety Science, 2004,42:755-769.
[32]吕会娣,郎岩梅.触针式表面粗糙度测量仪的性能指标及检测.机械工程师,2003,(5)：72-73.
[33]JJF1105-2003.触针式表面粗糙度测量仪校准规范.北京：中国计量出版社,2003.
[34]倪育才编著.实用测量不确定度评定.北京：中国计量出版社,第二版,2008.3
[35]上海市计量测试技术研究院编著.常用测量不确定度评定与表示实例.北京：中国计量出版社,2001,4.
[36]全国计量标准、计量检定人员考核委员会编著.测量标准不确定度评定与表示实例.北京：中国计量出版社,2001,3.
[37]全国计量标准、计量检定人员考核委员会编著.JJF1033-2008.计量标准考核规范.北 京：中国计量出版社,2008,4.
[38]丁振良主编.误差理论与数据处理.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,第二版,2002.5
[39]JJF1059-1999.测量不确定度评定与表示.北京：中国计量出版社,1999
[40]JJF1001-1998.通用计量术语及定义.北京：中国计量出版社,1999
[41]沙定国编著.误差分析与测量不确定度评定.北京：中国计量出版社,2003
[42]李慎安编著.测量不确定度表达十讲.北京：中国计量出版社,1999
[43]陈灿煌.C++Builder6彻底研究.北京：中国铁道出版社.2003
[44]郑莉,董渊,傅仕星编著.C++语言程序设计.北京：清华大学出版社,1999.12,18-20.
[45]韩进宏,张先锋,王运凯.表面粗糙度数据采集与信号处理C++算法研究.仪器仪表学报,2007,28(4)增刊：284-285.
[46]戴鹏飞等编著.测试工程与Labview应用.北京：电子工业出版社,2006