大型变速变桨风电机组传动系统振动特性测试分析
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摘要
大型变速变桨风电机组齿轮箱长期在变速变载荷状态下运行,故障率高,因此在运行过程中对其运行和振动特性进行分析,通过运行特性判断其运行状况,尽早解决运行过程中出现的问题,对于保障机组安全可靠运行非常重要。
本文以两种典型的1.5MW大型变速变桨风电机组为对象,通过机组运行状态数据和现场测试数据,对传动系统性能及齿轮箱振动特性进行分析,主要研究工作：1)深入分析研究了齿轮箱在不同运行状态下的振动特性,探讨了变速过程对于齿轮箱共振的影响；2)对实测齿轮箱振动信号的非线性特性进行了研究,采用替代数据法等方法对齿轮箱振动非线性进行了定量分析,探讨了变速过程中非线性特征的变化；3)基于实际运行工况数据,对机组传动系统的机械性能进行了分析,为变速变桨风电机组传动系统的设计和运行状态评估提供参考。
Wind turbine transmission system is easy to occour failure. So the analysis of mechanical characteristics and vibration of gearbox under the running conditions is necessary for determining its operation status and resolving the problems early.
In this paper, two kinds of 1.5 MW large-scale wind turbines are researched, and the operation performance and vibration characteristic of the transmission system is analyzed based on the actual operating datas and measured vibration signals. The main research works are:1) The gearbox vibration characteristics under different operating conditions are analyzed and the impact of the variable-speed process on the gearbox resonance is researched; 2) The non-linear characteristic of the gearbox vibration signals is quantitatively studied and its'changement is discussed.3) Based on the operating condition data, the transmission system mechanical performance was analyzed.
本文以两种典型的1.5MW大型变速变桨风电机组为对象,通过机组运行状态数据和现场测试数据,对传动系统性能及齿轮箱振动特性进行分析,主要研究工作：1)深入分析研究了齿轮箱在不同运行状态下的振动特性,探讨了变速过程对于齿轮箱共振的影响；2)对实测齿轮箱振动信号的非线性特性进行了研究,采用替代数据法等方法对齿轮箱振动非线性进行了定量分析,探讨了变速过程中非线性特征的变化；3)基于实际运行工况数据,对机组传动系统的机械性能进行了分析,为变速变桨风电机组传动系统的设计和运行状态评估提供参考。
Wind turbine transmission system is easy to occour failure. So the analysis of mechanical characteristics and vibration of gearbox under the running conditions is necessary for determining its operation status and resolving the problems early.
In this paper, two kinds of 1.5 MW large-scale wind turbines are researched, and the operation performance and vibration characteristic of the transmission system is analyzed based on the actual operating datas and measured vibration signals. The main research works are:1) The gearbox vibration characteristics under different operating conditions are analyzed and the impact of the variable-speed process on the gearbox resonance is researched; 2) The non-linear characteristic of the gearbox vibration signals is quantitatively studied and its'changement is discussed.3) Based on the operating condition data, the transmission system mechanical performance was analyzed.
引文
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[2]赵炜.国外风力发电现状及前景展望[J],POWER DSM.Vol.1.No.2.Pages 79-82 Mar,2009
[3]中国风能信息中心.每周风讯[Z],2009,(33)
[4]张文忠.NTK300／31风电机齿轮箱的故障与预防[J],风力发电,2002,(3)
[5]刘昊.大型风电机组综合性能评估方法研究[D],硕士学位论文,2006
[6]刘昊,柳亦兵.基于实际运行数据的风力发电机组性能评估[C].第五届亚洲风能大会.会议论文集.2008年6月
[7]刘昊,柳亦兵,辛卫东.基于运行数据的风力发电机组性能评估[J].风能设备.2008年7月：55～58
[8]王文延,曾庆宁,李琴.时频分析理论及其在非平稳信号处理中的应用[J],中国科技论文在线
[9]罗利春.用维格纳-威利时频分布进行信号时频分析[J],航天电子对抗,2003,(4)
[10]贾军峰,杨国安,等.基于小波包和包络分析的滚动轴承故障自动诊断方法[J],石油矿场机械,2006,(35)05
[11]王学敏,黄方林,陈政清.EMD方法在消除桥梁振动信号局部强干扰中的应用[J],机械强度,2005,(27)1
[12]陈忠.基于EMD关联维的齿轮箱齿轮状态振动辨识[J],华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2004,(8)
[13]冀树德.基于EMD与功率谱分析的滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究[J],机械强度2006,(04)
[14]Tony Burton, Wind Energy Handbook[M], Beijng:Science Publishing Company, 2007
[15]白蕾.基于小波包滤波的汽轮机转子振动故障的Kolmogorov熵诊断[J],振动与冲击,2008,(5)
[16]Yu Bo, Li Yinghong and Zhang Pu, Application of Correlation Dimension and Kolmogorov Entropy in Aeroengine Fault Diagnosis[J], Journal of Aerospace Power, vol.21, no.1, Feb,2006.
[17]M.H.Hansen, Improved Modal Dynamics of Wind Turbines to Avoid Stall-induced Vibrations[J], Wind Energy, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 179-195,7, Feb,2003
[18]Z. Hameeda, Y.S. Honga, et.al, Condition monitoring and fault detection of wind turbines and related algorithms[J], Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 13, Pages 1～39,2009
[19]Qian Huang, Dongxiang Jiang, Liangyou Hong, and Yongshan Ding, Application of Wavelet Neural Networks on Vibration Fault Diagnosis for Wind Turbine Gearbox[J], International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISSN 2008
[20]陈勇旗.变速风力发电机故障观测器的设计和应用[J],计算机工程与应用,2009,(14)
[21]唐新安,谢志明,王哲,吴金强.风电机组齿轮箱振动测试与分析[J],设备管理与维修,2006,(11)
[22]金嘉琦,关新,单光坤.小波理论在风力发电机振动监测中的应用[M],沈阳工业大学学报,2008,(05)
[23]Tony Burton, Wind Energy Handbook[M], Beijng:Science Publishing Company, 2007
[24]Jonathon Sumner, Christian Masson. Influence of Atmospheric Stability on Wind Turbine Power Performance Curves[J]. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering,2006, 4(128):531～538
[25]IEC-standard. Wind Turbine Generator Systems Part 12-1:power perofrnrancc measurements of eleetricity Producing wind turbines[S], IEC61400-12-1,2005
[26]Troels Friis Pedersen, Soeren Gjerding et.al. Wind turbine power performance verification in complex terrain and wind farms[Z]. Riso-R-1330(EN),2002
[27]European Wind Turbine Testing Procedure Developmens, Task 1:Measurement Method to Veriyf Wind Turbine Performance characteristics[Z], Riso-R-1209(EN), 2001
[28]刘万琨.风能与风力发电技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2007
[29][法]D.勒古里雷斯著,施鹏飞译.风电机组的理论与设计[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1985
[30]宫靖远.风电厂工程技术手册[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[31]王承煦.风力发电[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2003
[32]叶杭冶.风电机组的控制技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2007
[33][英]D.F沃恩著,林景尧译.风能设备[M].北京：机械工业出版社.1990
[34]熊礼俭.风力发电新技术与发电工程设计、运行、维护及标准规范实用手册[M].北京：中国科技文化出版社,2005
[35]谢建民,邱毓昌.大型风力发电场选址与风电机组优化匹配[J].太阳能学报,2001,(10)
[36]张延迟,吴刚,姜霞.大型风电机组的功率曲线[J].新疆大学学报,2001,(5)
[37]吴亦纯,丁明.风电场风电机组优化选型[J],太阳能学报,2007,(10)
[38]张义斌,王伟胜.风电场输出功率的概率分布及其应用[J].电力设备.2004,5(4)
[39]IEC-standard, Wind Turbine Generator Systems Part 21 Measurement and assessment of power quality characteristics of grid connected wind turbines[S], IEC 61400-21,2001
[40]庞加斌,宋丽莉,林志兴,植石群.风的湍流特性两种分析方法的比较及其应用[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版).2006,34(1)
[41]Troels Friis Pedersen, Soeren Gjerding et.al. Wind turbine power performance verification in complex terrain and wind farms[Z]. Riso-R-1330(EN),2002
[42]Gary L. Johnson, Wind Energy Systems[Z]. November 20,2001
[43]Fundamentals for Remote Structural Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blades[Z], Ris(?) National Laboratory, Roskilde,2002
[44]杨兴满,何玉林,金鑫,刘桦.风电机组总体性能分析与仿真[J].现代制造工程,2002,(2)：118～121
[45]陈严,杜明慧.变转速风电机组全系统性能分析[J].汕头大学学报(自然科学版),2005,(8)：41～47
[46]刘细平,于仲安,梁建伟.风力发电技术研究及发展[J].微电机,2007,40(4)：76～79
[47]陈雷,邢作霞,李强.双馈变速恒频风电机组稳态运行特性[J].沈阳工业大学学报.2004,26(2)：149～152
[48]张鹏举.风电场空气密度对风电机输出功率的影响[J].电力勘测.2002,(23)：50～52
[49]赵勇,胡雅娟,黄巍.风电场功率波动对电网电压的影响[J].吉林电力.2007,35(2)：22～24
[50]田德.国内外风力发电技术的现状与发展趋势[J].新能源产业,2007,(1)：51-56
[51]戴慧珠,陈默子,王伟胜,王晓蓉.中国风电发展现状及有关技术服务[J].中国电力,2006,88(1)：80～84
[52]蔡纯,张秋生.风电机组功率曲线的修正[J].广东电力,2003,16(1)：17～19
[53]司媛媛.变速恒频双馈风力发电模拟监测系统[D],硕士学位论文,合肥：合肥工业大学,2006年5月
[54]李庆.风电机组和风电场的功率特性及电能质量测试研究[D],硕士学位论文,中国电力科学研究院,2006年3月
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