美国继承法中特留份制度研究
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摘要
对美国继承法中的特留份制度和中国继承法中的必留份制度进行比较,可以看出,美国的特留份制度比较完善,对继承人的保护比较充分。随着中国经济和社会的发展,人们的思想观念也发生了变化,简单的必留份制度已经与时代发展不相适应,其种种缺陷已经暴露出来。文章对中美继承法上的相关制度进行了比较。一方面,文章从两个角度,即从路易斯安娜州和实行普通法的其它州的角度分别研究美国的特留份制度,另一方面,文章对建立我国的特留份制度提出了具体建议。
文章首先介绍了美国路易斯安娜州的特留份制度。不仅探讨了路易斯安娜州特留份制度的历史,而且对路易斯安娜州特留份制度的内容进行了深入研究,目的是对中国的必留份制度和路易斯安娜州的特留份制度进行比较。其次对路易斯安娜州以外的其它州的特留份制度进行了研究。美国《统一遗嘱检验法》规定了不同形式的特留份,包括选择份、宅院特留份、豁免财产和家庭特留份等等,文章对各种特留份进行了价值分析,并把它们和路易斯安娜州的特留份制度进行了比较,找出了美国各种特留份制度的共同之处,以及可供借鉴的地方。再次,文章探讨了中国必留份的历史,文章认为,随着中国经济和社会的发展,我国的继承法越来越不适合时代的要求。我国的必留份制度对权利人的范围和遗产的数额等缺乏明确的规定,这使得在判案时法官有太多的自由裁量权。文章论述了在我国建立特留份制度的必要性。对我国的继承法进行修改已经非常紧迫,在建立有中国特色的特留份制度时,我们可以学习和借鉴美国的经验。最后文章还对建立我国的特留份制度提出了建议,例如承认配偶的家务劳动的价值、建立生存配偶选择份制度、建立特留份权利救济制度等,以更多地对继承人提供保护。
Making a cpmparison between mandatory share system of china and forced heirship of the United states, the latter makes more respect and protection for the successor.With the development of the economy and society and the enhance of the idea of people, more and more people want to transfer their estates through a will. However, for some historic and technical reason , our inheritance law has some flaws.
The main purpouse of this thesis is to make a comparison of succession system between the United States and China. On one hand, this thesis examines the succession system of the United states through two lines, of which are the succession system of Louisiana and other states of the United states, on the other hand, this thesis tries to give some suggestions to our inheritance system so that we can improve our legislation.
Firstly, this thesis introduced the summary of the forced heirship of Louisiana, the United States. It contains not only the history and development of the forced heirship of louisiana, but also the meaning of some concept. This thesis also discussed the value of the forced heirship of Louisiana, for the prupouse of making a comparison between the forced heirship and the mandatory share system of China.
Secondly, this thesis make a study on the succession system in the Uninted States other than Louisiana. In comparison with the mandatory in inheritance system of China, the characteristic system in the Uniform Probate Code contains various allowances which are the elective share, homestead allowance, exempt property and family allowance. The article analysed the basic fuction of the forced heirship in the United States, thinking that we can make reference of the United States to improve the inheritance system of China
Thirdly, this thesis traced the history of mandatory share in our inhericance system and discussed the reasons of mandatory share system. . Oweing to the open and reform policy, our society made more and more progress and people becomes richer and richer. The flaw of the succession system makes it unsuitable, and it must be amended soon. The mandatory share system is short of the standard of the estate share, which gives too much freedom to the judges when a case is trialed in the court.
At last,this thesis raise his suggestions for the legislation of our inheritance system. We shuold establish elective share to give surviving spouse a selection. The trend that spouse's succession status has been improved in modern succession law reflects the acknowledgement of spouse's labor and the respect to the succession right of the sruviving spouse. It is a realistc question that amending the our succession system to make more protection for the surviving spouse and other heirs with close relations.
文章首先介绍了美国路易斯安娜州的特留份制度。不仅探讨了路易斯安娜州特留份制度的历史,而且对路易斯安娜州特留份制度的内容进行了深入研究,目的是对中国的必留份制度和路易斯安娜州的特留份制度进行比较。其次对路易斯安娜州以外的其它州的特留份制度进行了研究。美国《统一遗嘱检验法》规定了不同形式的特留份,包括选择份、宅院特留份、豁免财产和家庭特留份等等,文章对各种特留份进行了价值分析,并把它们和路易斯安娜州的特留份制度进行了比较,找出了美国各种特留份制度的共同之处,以及可供借鉴的地方。再次,文章探讨了中国必留份的历史,文章认为,随着中国经济和社会的发展,我国的继承法越来越不适合时代的要求。我国的必留份制度对权利人的范围和遗产的数额等缺乏明确的规定,这使得在判案时法官有太多的自由裁量权。文章论述了在我国建立特留份制度的必要性。对我国的继承法进行修改已经非常紧迫,在建立有中国特色的特留份制度时,我们可以学习和借鉴美国的经验。最后文章还对建立我国的特留份制度提出了建议,例如承认配偶的家务劳动的价值、建立生存配偶选择份制度、建立特留份权利救济制度等,以更多地对继承人提供保护。
Making a cpmparison between mandatory share system of china and forced heirship of the United states, the latter makes more respect and protection for the successor.With the development of the economy and society and the enhance of the idea of people, more and more people want to transfer their estates through a will. However, for some historic and technical reason , our inheritance law has some flaws.
The main purpouse of this thesis is to make a comparison of succession system between the United States and China. On one hand, this thesis examines the succession system of the United states through two lines, of which are the succession system of Louisiana and other states of the United states, on the other hand, this thesis tries to give some suggestions to our inheritance system so that we can improve our legislation.
Firstly, this thesis introduced the summary of the forced heirship of Louisiana, the United States. It contains not only the history and development of the forced heirship of louisiana, but also the meaning of some concept. This thesis also discussed the value of the forced heirship of Louisiana, for the prupouse of making a comparison between the forced heirship and the mandatory share system of China.
Secondly, this thesis make a study on the succession system in the Uninted States other than Louisiana. In comparison with the mandatory in inheritance system of China, the characteristic system in the Uniform Probate Code contains various allowances which are the elective share, homestead allowance, exempt property and family allowance. The article analysed the basic fuction of the forced heirship in the United States, thinking that we can make reference of the United States to improve the inheritance system of China
Thirdly, this thesis traced the history of mandatory share in our inhericance system and discussed the reasons of mandatory share system. . Oweing to the open and reform policy, our society made more and more progress and people becomes richer and richer. The flaw of the succession system makes it unsuitable, and it must be amended soon. The mandatory share system is short of the standard of the estate share, which gives too much freedom to the judges when a case is trialed in the court.
At last,this thesis raise his suggestions for the legislation of our inheritance system. We shuold establish elective share to give surviving spouse a selection. The trend that spouse's succession status has been improved in modern succession law reflects the acknowledgement of spouse's labor and the respect to the succession right of the sruviving spouse. It is a realistc question that amending the our succession system to make more protection for the surviving spouse and other heirs with close relations.
引文
[1]Frances H.Foster,LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA,Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[1]得克萨斯州是除路易斯安娜州外唯一尝试过特留份制度的州,但是这一制度只实行了十年就停止了,参见Kelly Grieshaber Dunn.Forced Heirship:the Revised Statute.Loyola Law Review,Fall,2000,46 Loy.L.Rev.619。
[2]Kelly Grieshaber Dunn.Forced Heirship:the Revised Statute.Loyola Law Review,Fall,200046 Loy.L.Rev.619.
[1]Kris Bulcroft & Phyllis Johnson.Recent Developments:Succession of Lauga:Amendments to Forced Heirship Article Violate Louisiana Constitution.Tulane Law Review,May,1994.
[2]罗结珍译.法国民法典上册.北京:法律出版社,2005.701。
[3]罗结珍译.法国民法典上册.北京:法律出版社2005.695。
[1]转引自 Kelly Grieshaber Dunn.Forced Heirship:the Revised Statute,Loyola Law Review,Fall,2000,46 Loy.L.Rev.619.
[2]Max Nathan.Jr.Forced Heirship in Louisiana.Tulane Law Review,52 Tul.L.Rev.5.
[3]Max Nathan.Jr.Forced Heirship in Louisiana.Tulane Law Review,52 Tul.L.Rev.5.
[4]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The Changing Concept of Family and its Effect on Louisiana Succession Law.Louisiana Law Review,Summer,2003,63 La.L.Rev.1161.
[5]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The Changing Concept of Family and its Effect on Louisiana Succession Law.Louisiana Law Review,Summer,2003,63 La.L.Rev.1161.
[1]W.R.Irby.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum.Winter,1997.
[2]W.R.Irby.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum.Winter,1997.
[1]Kerry J.Miller.The new forced heirship law.Tulane Law Review,November,1996.
[1]根据路易斯安娜州民法典第1495条。
[2]Kerry J.Miller.The new forced heirship law.Tulane Law Review,November,1996.
[1]路易斯安娜州民法典第1493条。
[2]Louisiana Forced Heirship(A reminder that it is still with us.)http://academic.lexisnexis.com/college-university-libraries.aspx最后访问时间:2008.2.1。
[3]案例来源.http://academic.lexisnexis.com/public-state-libraries.aspx最后访问时间:2007.12.5
[1]路易斯安娜州民法典第2434条。
[2]路易斯安娜州民法典第2434条。
[3]路易斯安娜州民法典第2435条。
[1]W.R.Irby.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum,Winter,1997.
[2]Ronald J.Scalise.The Chaos and Confusion of Modern Collation:A Critical Look into an Institution of Louisiana Succession Law.Tulane Law Review,December,2000.
[1]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The changing concept of family and its effect on Louisiana succession law.Louisiana Law Review,summer,2003.
[1]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The New Forced Heirship Legislation:A Regrettable "Revolution." Louisiana Law Review,JANUARY,1990.
[1]国内绝大部分学者都把该法典翻译为“统一遗嘱检验法”西南政法大学张华贵教授在其著作里也是这样翻译的。参见张华贵 冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学报,2005,(4):97。
[2]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The changing concept of family and its effect on Louisiana succession law.Louisiana Law Review,summer,2003.
[1]特留份本是大陆法系的概念,英美法系里没有特留份的提法。但我国学界通常都把美国的home stead allowallce、exempt property、fanily allowance等视为特留份。本文也根据惯例把他们成为特留份。西南政法大学张华贵教授、深圳市罗湖区人民法院刘娟法盲等多次撰文,把上述概念都称为“特留份”。
[2]Uniform probate code 2-402.
[3]Uniform probate code 2-402A.
[1]Uniform probate code 2-403.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-404.
[3][英]梅因.沈景一译.古代法,北京:商务印书馆1997.128。
[4]Uniform probate code 2-112.
[5]Uiform probate code 2-202.
[1]Uniform probate code 2-203.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-203.
[1]Unifom probate code 2-202.
[1]参见 Uniform probate code.elective share of surviving spouse.
[1]Uinform probate code 2-204.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-206.
[1]Uniform probate code.the redesigned share,part 2.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-202.
[1]龙翼飞.婚姻家庭法律制度与构建和谐社会.法学家,2007,(1):64。
[2]参见张华贵冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学学报,2005,(4):53。
[3]张坚.论加强配偶继承权的法律保护.新余高专学报,2007,(8):37。
[1]龙翼飞.2005年婚姻家庭法学学术研究回顾.法学家,2006,(1):79。
[2]张华贵 冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学学报,2005,(4):53。
[1]蒋先福 柳思.中国古代“富民”思想流产的法律原因.海南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2008,(1):36。
[2]朱勇.权利换和谐:中国传统法律的秩序路径.中国法学,2008,(1):7。
[3]戴东堆.继承法.台北:三民书局,2006,3。
[1]林秀雄.继承法讲义.台北:元照出版公司,2006,315。
[2]林秀雄.继承法讲义.台北:元照出版公司 2006.316。
[3]谢怀拭.外国民商法精要.北京:法律出版社 2002,145。
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[5]林秀雄.继承法讲义.台北:元照出版公司,2006,315。
[1]我国现行继承法对被继承人私人合法财产采取例举的形式,而不是总括的形式,说明继承法制定之时私人财产受到严格限制。
[2]1985年我国的离婚率约为0.4%。参见.中国民政统计年鉴 1985.http://tjsj.baidu.com/pages/jxyd/10/50/3ad1cd2a6daScec30f7bd4e224050b65_0.html 最后访问时间:2008.4.1。
[3]肖信平.浅谈遗嘱自由与讨论份.企业家天地,2006,(11):124。
[1]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp张华贵.关于设立“特留份”制度的立法构想.最后访问时间:2008.3.12
[1]参见刘文编著.继承法比较研究.北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2004,254。
[2]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[3]Tamara York.Protecting Minor Chindren from Parental Disinheritance.Law Review of Michigan State University,Fall,2007.
[4]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[1]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INIIERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[2]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[1]参见.最高人民法院《关于适用<中华人民共和国继承法>若干问题的意见》第37条第2款。
[1]周辉斌.且析法官自由载量权的获得与运用.律师世界,2002,(1):45。
[1]史尚宽.继承法论.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2000.609。
[2]陈其炎.民法继承新论.台北:三民书局,2007.389。
[3]参见徐国栋主编.绿色民法典草案.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2004.263。梁慧星主编.中国民法典草案建议稿.北京:法律出版社,2003.379。
[1]参见《中华人民共和国物权法》。该法第4条这样规定:国家、集体、私人的物权和其它权利人的物权受法律保护,任何单位和个人不得侵犯。
[2]杨品兰.国外经济学家关于关于婚姻家庭问题的研究及其启示.武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2008,(2):68。
[3]http://law.ytu.edu.cn/index.html郭明瑞.烟台大学法学院郭明瑞教授发言:中国继承法。最后访问时间:2008.4.2。
[1]Tamara York.Protecting Minor Chindren from Parental Disinheritance.Law Review of Michigan State University,Fall,2007.
[2]Tamara York.Protecting Minor Chindren from Parental Disinheritance.Law Review of Michigan State University,Fall,2007.
[3]Uiform probate code 2-402.
[1]SUCCESSIONS AND DONATIONS:A SYMPOSIUM:Forced Heirship Changes:The Regrettable "Revolution" Completed.Louisiana Law Review,57 La.L.Rev.55.
[1]SUCCESSIONS AND DONATIONS:ASYMPOSIUM:Forced Heirship Changes:The Regrettable "Revolution" Comleted.Louisiana Law Review,57 La.L.Rev.55.
[2]参见刘娟.美国遗嘱继承制度研兖:[硕士学位论文].重庆.西南政法大学,2006。
[3]Uniform probate code,2-202.
[1]谢怀拭.外国民商法精要.北京:法律出版社2002.132。
[2]黄玉桃.对完善我国法定继承制度的几点思考.宁德师专学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,(1):49。
[1]田开友.婚姻的法经济学分析.中南大学学报,2008,(1):69。
[2]詹涛.2001年以来我国婚姻家庭法研究综述.武汉科技大学学报(社会科学版),2007(12):592。
[3]转引自詹涛.2001年以来我国婚姻家庭法研究综述.武汉科技大学学报(社会科学版),2007,(12):592-593.
[1]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp张华贵.论配偶继承权的法律保护.最后访问时间:2008.3.12.
[1]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp张华贵.论配偶继承权的法律保护.最后访问时间:2008.3.12
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[8]蒋先福 柳思.中国古代“富民”思想流产的法律原因.海南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2008,(1)。
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[10]张华贵.财产归扣制度研究.现代法学,2006,(7)。
[11]嫣一美.俄罗斯民法典中继承法律规范的新变化.比较法研究,2004,(2)。
[12]龙翼飞.婚姻家庭制度的构建与和谐.法学家,2007,(1)。
[13]冯乐坤.继承权本质的法律透视.法律科学,2004,(4)。
[14]樊丽君 邓画文.论继承契约.中国社会科学院研究生学院学报,2006,(7)。
[15]张昕.论遗赠扶养协议的完善.法学杂志,2007,(6)。
[16]郑永福.清末明初家庭财产继承中的民事习惯.郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,(9)。
[17]宋豫.完善我国继承权丧失制度的若干思考.河北法学,2006,(1)。
[18]梁彗星.物权法草案的若干问题.中国法学,2007,(1)。
[19]梁彗星.制定和实施物权法的重大意义.理论前沿,2007(7)。
[20]龙翼飞.制定中国民法典继承篇的思考与建议.中华女子学院学报,2002,(8)。
[21]龙翼飞.2005年婚姻家庭法学学术研究回顾.法学家,2006,(1)。
[22]张华贵 冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学学报,2005,(4)。
[1]张永东.特留份制度研究:[硕士学位论文].济南.山东大学,2006。
[2]聂闰华.论遗嘱自由与限制:[硕士学位论文].重庆.西南政法大学,2004。
[3]叶鹏.论遗嘱自由及限制:[硕士学位论文].武汉.武汉大学,2005。
[4]刘娟.美国遗嘱继承制度研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆.西南政法大学,2006。
[5]党照辉.中外法定继承制度比较研究:[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨.黑龙江大学,2002。
[6]王泽利.中文遗嘱继承若干制度比较研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆西南政法大学,2004。
[7]吴留戈.中国古代遗嘱继承研究:吉林.吉林大学,2006。
[1]Uniform probate code(Last amended or revised in 2006),Drafted by the National conference of commissioners on uniform state laws
[1]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[2]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The New Forced Heirship Legislation:A Regrettable "Revolution." Louisiana Law Review,JANUARY,1990.
[3]W.R.Irby.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriageo The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum,Winter,1997.
[4]Ronald J.Scalise,Jr.The Chaos and Confusion of Modern Collation:A Critical Look into an Institution of Louisiana Succession Law.Tulane Law Review,December,2000.
[5]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The changing concept of family and its effect on Louisiana succession law.Louisiana Law Review,summer,2003.
[6]W.R.Irbv.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum,Winter,1997.
[7]Cynthia Samuel.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Yulane European and CivilLaw Forum,Winter,1997.
[8]Max Nathan.Forced Heirship in Louisiana.Yulane Law Review,52 Tul.L.Rev.5.
[9]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The Changing Concept of Family and its Effect on Louisiana.
[10]Kris Bulcroft & Phyllis Johnson.RECENT DEVELOPNENTS:Succession of Lauga:Amendments to Forced Heirship Article Violate Louisiana Constitution.Yulane Law Review May,1994.
[11]Kelly Grieshaber Dunn.Forced Heirship:the Revised Statute.Loyola Law Review,Fall,2000,46 Loy.L.Rev.619.
[12]Kris Bulcroft & Phyllis Johnson.RECENT DEVELOPMENTS:Succession of Lauga:Amendments to Forced Heirship Article Violate Louisiana Constitution.Tulane Law Review May,1994.
[13]Tamara York.Protecting Minor Chindren from Parental Disinheritance.Law Review of Michigan State University.
[1]http://academic.lexisnexis.com/college-university-libraries.aspx.
[2]http://academic.lexisnexis.com/public-state-libraries.aspx以上为本文主要引用的美国学术论文来源 最后访问时间:2007.11.5。
[3]https://www.lexisnexis.com/ap/court/case.最后访问时间:2007.12.5路易斯安娜州案例来源。
[4]http://tjsj.baidu.com/pages/jxyd/10/50/3ad1cd2a6daScec30f7bd4e224050665_0,ht ml上海统计年鉴.上海市主要年份涉外婚姻情况统计(1980—1999)最后访问时间:2008.4.1.
[5]http://www.fllw.org.cn/html/falvzhuanyelunwen/index.html.最后访问时间2008.4.2.
[5]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp.最后访问时间:2008.3.12。
[1]得克萨斯州是除路易斯安娜州外唯一尝试过特留份制度的州,但是这一制度只实行了十年就停止了,参见Kelly Grieshaber Dunn.Forced Heirship:the Revised Statute.Loyola Law Review,Fall,2000,46 Loy.L.Rev.619。
[2]Kelly Grieshaber Dunn.Forced Heirship:the Revised Statute.Loyola Law Review,Fall,200046 Loy.L.Rev.619.
[1]Kris Bulcroft & Phyllis Johnson.Recent Developments:Succession of Lauga:Amendments to Forced Heirship Article Violate Louisiana Constitution.Tulane Law Review,May,1994.
[2]罗结珍译.法国民法典上册.北京:法律出版社,2005.701。
[3]罗结珍译.法国民法典上册.北京:法律出版社2005.695。
[1]转引自 Kelly Grieshaber Dunn.Forced Heirship:the Revised Statute,Loyola Law Review,Fall,2000,46 Loy.L.Rev.619.
[2]Max Nathan.Jr.Forced Heirship in Louisiana.Tulane Law Review,52 Tul.L.Rev.5.
[3]Max Nathan.Jr.Forced Heirship in Louisiana.Tulane Law Review,52 Tul.L.Rev.5.
[4]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The Changing Concept of Family and its Effect on Louisiana Succession Law.Louisiana Law Review,Summer,2003,63 La.L.Rev.1161.
[5]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The Changing Concept of Family and its Effect on Louisiana Succession Law.Louisiana Law Review,Summer,2003,63 La.L.Rev.1161.
[1]W.R.Irby.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum.Winter,1997.
[2]W.R.Irby.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum.Winter,1997.
[1]Kerry J.Miller.The new forced heirship law.Tulane Law Review,November,1996.
[1]根据路易斯安娜州民法典第1495条。
[2]Kerry J.Miller.The new forced heirship law.Tulane Law Review,November,1996.
[1]路易斯安娜州民法典第1493条。
[2]Louisiana Forced Heirship(A reminder that it is still with us.)http://academic.lexisnexis.com/college-university-libraries.aspx最后访问时间:2008.2.1。
[3]案例来源.http://academic.lexisnexis.com/public-state-libraries.aspx最后访问时间:2007.12.5
[1]路易斯安娜州民法典第2434条。
[2]路易斯安娜州民法典第2434条。
[3]路易斯安娜州民法典第2435条。
[1]W.R.Irby.Letter from Louisiana:An Obituary for Forced Heirship and a Birth Announcement for Covenant Marriage.The Tulane European and Civil Law Forum,Winter,1997.
[2]Ronald J.Scalise.The Chaos and Confusion of Modern Collation:A Critical Look into an Institution of Louisiana Succession Law.Tulane Law Review,December,2000.
[1]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The changing concept of family and its effect on Louisiana succession law.Louisiana Law Review,summer,2003.
[1]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The New Forced Heirship Legislation:A Regrettable "Revolution." Louisiana Law Review,JANUARY,1990.
[1]国内绝大部分学者都把该法典翻译为“统一遗嘱检验法”西南政法大学张华贵教授在其著作里也是这样翻译的。参见张华贵 冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学报,2005,(4):97。
[2]Kathryn Venturatos Lorio.The changing concept of family and its effect on Louisiana succession law.Louisiana Law Review,summer,2003.
[1]特留份本是大陆法系的概念,英美法系里没有特留份的提法。但我国学界通常都把美国的home stead allowallce、exempt property、fanily allowance等视为特留份。本文也根据惯例把他们成为特留份。西南政法大学张华贵教授、深圳市罗湖区人民法院刘娟法盲等多次撰文,把上述概念都称为“特留份”。
[2]Uniform probate code 2-402.
[3]Uniform probate code 2-402A.
[1]Uniform probate code 2-403.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-404.
[3][英]梅因.沈景一译.古代法,北京:商务印书馆1997.128。
[4]Uniform probate code 2-112.
[5]Uiform probate code 2-202.
[1]Uniform probate code 2-203.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-203.
[1]Unifom probate code 2-202.
[1]参见 Uniform probate code.elective share of surviving spouse.
[1]Uinform probate code 2-204.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-206.
[1]Uniform probate code.the redesigned share,part 2.
[2]Uniform probate code 2-202.
[1]龙翼飞.婚姻家庭法律制度与构建和谐社会.法学家,2007,(1):64。
[2]参见张华贵冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学学报,2005,(4):53。
[3]张坚.论加强配偶继承权的法律保护.新余高专学报,2007,(8):37。
[1]龙翼飞.2005年婚姻家庭法学学术研究回顾.法学家,2006,(1):79。
[2]张华贵 冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学学报,2005,(4):53。
[1]蒋先福 柳思.中国古代“富民”思想流产的法律原因.海南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2008,(1):36。
[2]朱勇.权利换和谐:中国传统法律的秩序路径.中国法学,2008,(1):7。
[3]戴东堆.继承法.台北:三民书局,2006,3。
[1]林秀雄.继承法讲义.台北:元照出版公司,2006,315。
[2]林秀雄.继承法讲义.台北:元照出版公司 2006.316。
[3]谢怀拭.外国民商法精要.北京:法律出版社 2002,145。
[4]王泽鉴.民法概要.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2003,675。
[5]林秀雄.继承法讲义.台北:元照出版公司,2006,315。
[1]我国现行继承法对被继承人私人合法财产采取例举的形式,而不是总括的形式,说明继承法制定之时私人财产受到严格限制。
[2]1985年我国的离婚率约为0.4%。参见.中国民政统计年鉴 1985.http://tjsj.baidu.com/pages/jxyd/10/50/3ad1cd2a6daScec30f7bd4e224050b65_0.html 最后访问时间:2008.4.1。
[3]肖信平.浅谈遗嘱自由与讨论份.企业家天地,2006,(11):124。
[1]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp张华贵.关于设立“特留份”制度的立法构想.最后访问时间:2008.3.12
[1]参见刘文编著.继承法比较研究.北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2004,254。
[2]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[3]Tamara York.Protecting Minor Chindren from Parental Disinheritance.Law Review of Michigan State University,Fall,2007.
[4]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[1]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INIIERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[2]Frances H.Foster.LINKING SUPPORT AND INHERITANCE:A NEW MODEL FROM CHINA.Wisconsin Law Review,1999 Wis.L.Rev.1199.
[1]参见.最高人民法院《关于适用<中华人民共和国继承法>若干问题的意见》第37条第2款。
[1]周辉斌.且析法官自由载量权的获得与运用.律师世界,2002,(1):45。
[1]史尚宽.继承法论.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2000.609。
[2]陈其炎.民法继承新论.台北:三民书局,2007.389。
[3]参见徐国栋主编.绿色民法典草案.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2004.263。梁慧星主编.中国民法典草案建议稿.北京:法律出版社,2003.379。
[1]参见《中华人民共和国物权法》。该法第4条这样规定:国家、集体、私人的物权和其它权利人的物权受法律保护,任何单位和个人不得侵犯。
[2]杨品兰.国外经济学家关于关于婚姻家庭问题的研究及其启示.武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2008,(2):68。
[3]http://law.ytu.edu.cn/index.html郭明瑞.烟台大学法学院郭明瑞教授发言:中国继承法。最后访问时间:2008.4.2。
[1]Tamara York.Protecting Minor Chindren from Parental Disinheritance.Law Review of Michigan State University,Fall,2007.
[2]Tamara York.Protecting Minor Chindren from Parental Disinheritance.Law Review of Michigan State University,Fall,2007.
[3]Uiform probate code 2-402.
[1]SUCCESSIONS AND DONATIONS:A SYMPOSIUM:Forced Heirship Changes:The Regrettable "Revolution" Completed.Louisiana Law Review,57 La.L.Rev.55.
[1]SUCCESSIONS AND DONATIONS:ASYMPOSIUM:Forced Heirship Changes:The Regrettable "Revolution" Comleted.Louisiana Law Review,57 La.L.Rev.55.
[2]参见刘娟.美国遗嘱继承制度研兖:[硕士学位论文].重庆.西南政法大学,2006。
[3]Uniform probate code,2-202.
[1]谢怀拭.外国民商法精要.北京:法律出版社2002.132。
[2]黄玉桃.对完善我国法定继承制度的几点思考.宁德师专学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,(1):49。
[1]田开友.婚姻的法经济学分析.中南大学学报,2008,(1):69。
[2]詹涛.2001年以来我国婚姻家庭法研究综述.武汉科技大学学报(社会科学版),2007(12):592。
[3]转引自詹涛.2001年以来我国婚姻家庭法研究综述.武汉科技大学学报(社会科学版),2007,(12):592-593.
[1]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp张华贵.论配偶继承权的法律保护.最后访问时间:2008.3.12.
[1]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp张华贵.论配偶继承权的法律保护.最后访问时间:2008.3.12
[1]梁慧星.民法总论.北京:法律出版社,1998。
[2]罗结珍译.法国民法典。北京:中国法制出版社,2005。
[3]刘春茂.中国民法学财产继承.北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,1990。
[4]张玉敏.继承法律制度研究.北京:法律出版社,1999。
[5]房绍坤.继承法研究.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2003。
[6]史尚宽.继承法论.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2000。
[7]马俊驹 余延满.民法原论.北京.法律出版社,1990。
[8]史尚宽.继承法论.北京:中国人民政法大学出版社,2000。
[9]龙翼飞.比较继承法.吉林:吉林人们出版社,1996。
[10]陈棋炎.民法继承新论.台湾:三民书局,1993。
[11]刘文编著.继承法比较研究.北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2004。
[12][英]梅因.沈景一译.古代法.北京:商务印书馆,1997。
[13][日]望月礼二郎.郭建王仲涛译.英美法.北京:商务出版社,2005。
[14]郭明瑞 房绍坤 关涛.继承法研究.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2003。
[15]梁慧星主编.中国民法典草案建议稿.北京:法律出版社,2003。
[16]徐国栋主编.绿色民法典草案.北京:社会科学文献出版,2004。
[17]杨立新.继承法专论.北京:高等教育出版社,2006。
[18]张玉敏.继承法律制度研究.北京:法律出版社,2005。
[19]张玉敏.中国继承法立法建议稿及立法理由.北京:人民出版社,2006。
[20]谢怀拭.外国民商法精要.北京:法律出版社,2002。
[1]李先波 邓叶芬.论胎儿的民事主体资格.湖南师范大学学报,2004,(11)。
[2]杨品兰.国外经济学家关于关于婚姻家庭问题的研究及其启示.武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2008,(2)。
[3]周辉斌.且析法官自由裁量权的获得与运用.律师世界,2002,(1)。
[4]肖信平.浅谈遗嘱自由与讨论份.企业家天地,2006,(11)。
[5]朱勇.权利换和谐:中国传统法律的秩序路径.中国法学,2008,(1)。
[6]田开友.婚姻的法经济学分析.中南大学学报,2008,(1)。
[7]詹涛.2001年以来我国婚姻家庭法研究综述.武汉科技大学学报(社会科学版),2007(12)。
[8]蒋先福 柳思.中国古代“富民”思想流产的法律原因.海南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2008,(1)。
[9]黄玉桃.论完善我国法定继承制度的几点思考.宁德师专学报,2007,(1)。
[10]张华贵.财产归扣制度研究.现代法学,2006,(7)。
[11]嫣一美.俄罗斯民法典中继承法律规范的新变化.比较法研究,2004,(2)。
[12]龙翼飞.婚姻家庭制度的构建与和谐.法学家,2007,(1)。
[13]冯乐坤.继承权本质的法律透视.法律科学,2004,(4)。
[14]樊丽君 邓画文.论继承契约.中国社会科学院研究生学院学报,2006,(7)。
[15]张昕.论遗赠扶养协议的完善.法学杂志,2007,(6)。
[16]郑永福.清末明初家庭财产继承中的民事习惯.郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,(9)。
[17]宋豫.完善我国继承权丧失制度的若干思考.河北法学,2006,(1)。
[18]梁彗星.物权法草案的若干问题.中国法学,2007,(1)。
[19]梁彗星.制定和实施物权法的重大意义.理论前沿,2007(7)。
[20]龙翼飞.制定中国民法典继承篇的思考与建议.中华女子学院学报,2002,(8)。
[21]龙翼飞.2005年婚姻家庭法学学术研究回顾.法学家,2006,(1)。
[22]张华贵 冉启玉.论配偶继承权的法律保护.西南政法大学学报,2005,(4)。
[1]张永东.特留份制度研究:[硕士学位论文].济南.山东大学,2006。
[2]聂闰华.论遗嘱自由与限制:[硕士学位论文].重庆.西南政法大学,2004。
[3]叶鹏.论遗嘱自由及限制:[硕士学位论文].武汉.武汉大学,2005。
[4]刘娟.美国遗嘱继承制度研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆.西南政法大学,2006。
[5]党照辉.中外法定继承制度比较研究:[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨.黑龙江大学,2002。
[6]王泽利.中文遗嘱继承若干制度比较研究:[硕士学位论文].重庆西南政法大学,2004。
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[1]Uniform probate code(Last amended or revised in 2006),Drafted by the National conference of commissioners on uniform state laws
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[1]http://academic.lexisnexis.com/college-university-libraries.aspx.
[2]http://academic.lexisnexis.com/public-state-libraries.aspx以上为本文主要引用的美国学术论文来源 最后访问时间:2007.11.5。
[3]https://www.lexisnexis.com/ap/court/case.最后访问时间:2007.12.5路易斯安娜州案例来源。
[4]http://tjsj.baidu.com/pages/jxyd/10/50/3ad1cd2a6daScec30f7bd4e224050665_0,ht ml上海统计年鉴.上海市主要年份涉外婚姻情况统计(1980—1999)最后访问时间:2008.4.1.
[5]http://www.fllw.org.cn/html/falvzhuanyelunwen/index.html.最后访问时间2008.4.2.
[5]http://www.f1365.com/gb/lawthinker/index.asp.最后访问时间:2008.3.12。