破孔—随嵌串联战斗部研究
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摘要
破孔—随嵌串联战斗部是一种新型的串联战斗部,它由前级聚能装药和后级嵌入体组成,作用时前级聚能装药形成的聚能杆式侵彻体对靶板进行侵彻开孔,随后后级嵌入体依靠动能嵌入到开孔的靶板中,实现对目标的毁伤与封锁。本文采用理论分析、数值模拟与试验研究相结合的方法,对破孔—随嵌串联战斗部的作用过程及机理进行了研究,分析了前级聚能装药对靶板的侵彻开孔过程,着重研究了后级嵌入体的嵌入过程及机理,建立了嵌入体垂直嵌入过程中的断裂分析模型,并对影响嵌入体断裂失效的因素进行了分析,为破孔—随嵌串联战斗部的设计和改进提供了理论依据和技术支持。本文的主要研究内容包括：
1)研究了前级聚能装药形成的聚能杆式侵彻体对靶板的侵彻开孔过程,并对聚能杆式侵彻体的影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明,前级聚能装药对60mmm装甲钢板的开孔直径约为20-23mm,开孔的入口直径略小于出口直径。随着药型罩壁厚与装药口径比值δ/D的增加,聚能杆式侵彻体的长径比先增大后减小；随着药型罩曲径比R/D的增加,聚能侵彻体的长径比减小,曲径比R/D≥0.833时,将不能形成聚能杆式侵彻体。
2)研究了串联战斗部对靶板的作用过程,分析了前级聚能装药爆轰场对后级嵌入体的影响。采用数值模拟方法对破孔—随嵌串联战斗部的作用过程进行了仿真分析,得出前级聚能装药对后级嵌入体有重要影响；随着隔爆板厚度的增大,后级嵌入体的变形逐渐减小,而速度降随之先减小后增大,当隔爆板厚度为30mm时,嵌入体的变形和速度降较小；随着嵌入体初始速度的增大,嵌入体的变形差异不大,速度降随之增大；后级嵌入体与前级聚能装药的轴线不重合时,嵌入体将产生侧向偏移和攻角。
3)研究了后级嵌入体的嵌入过程,并对影响嵌入体有效嵌入的因素进行了分析。研究表明,嵌入体的嵌入深度随着嵌入体初始速度的增加而增大,嵌入体合适的初始速度为200m/s-350m/s；嵌入体初始速度一定时,嵌入体的嵌入深度随着靶板预开孔直径的增大而增大,靶板预开孔直径为20-26mm时较为合适。
4)建立了嵌入体垂直嵌入预开孔靶板的断裂分析模型,得出了嵌入体发生断裂失效的最小速度表达式,并结合数值仿真和试验对理论结果进行了验证。由理论分析、数值模拟和试验研究得出,嵌入体发生断裂失效的最小速度随着嵌入体材料屈服应力、切线模量和失效应变的增大而增大,随着密度的增大而减小。
Tandem shape charge --- embedding warhead is a new type of warhead, which is consisted of forward shaped charge and backward penetrator. Firstly, the jetting projectile formed by the shaped charge penetrated the target, then the backward penetrator embedded the perforated target by the kinetic energy, thus the damage and blockade effect of the warhead was realized. In this thesis, Tandem shape charge --- embedding warhead's embedded process and mechanism was studied by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental study. The fracture analysis model about the penetrator embedding perforated target was established, and the factors which affected the fracture failure model were analyzed. The result of this thesis would provide valuable theoretical basis and technical reference for the Tandem shape charge --- embedding warhead's design and improvement. The followings are the main contents of this dissertation:
1) The penetration process of the jetting projectile charge towards the target was firstly studied. Factors influenced the penetrate effect was analyzed. The result indicated:(a) Diameter of perforated hole caused by forward shaped charge was around 20-23mm (60mm steel plate), the diameter of the entrance hole was slightly smaller than the oulet hole; (b) As the liner thickness --- charge diameter ratioδ/D increased, the aspect ratio of the jetting projectile charge first increased and then decreased; (c) As liner curvature radius --- charge diameter ratio R/D increased, the aspect ratio of the jetting projectile charge decreased, when R/D≥0.833, the jetting projectile would fail to form.
2) Action process of the tadem warhead towards the target was studied, the forward shaped charge's detonation effect on the backward penetrator was analyzed. The simulation model was set up respectively, result of which indicated that forward charge affected the backward penetrator greatly. While with the increase of baffle plate's thickness, the negative influence was decreased, when the thickness reached 30mm, the deformation and velocity drop of the penetrator was relatively minimum. With the initial velocity of the penetrator increased, the deformation was insignificant while the velocity drop increased accordingly. And if axis of the backward penetrator was not coincided with the forward shaped charge, the penetrator would possess the angle of attack during the embedding process.
3) Embedding process of the backward penetrator was studied, and factors which affected the embedding were analyzed. The result indicated:(a) With the initial velocity of the penetrator increased, the embedding depth increased, and the appropriate initial velocity would be 200m/s-350m/s; (b) When the initial velocity was a constant, the embedding depth increased with the pre-proforated hole's diameter dimension, however, the 20-26mm diameter proved appropriate.
4) Fracture failure analysis model about the penetrator embedding pre-perforated target vertically is established, and the penetrator's threshold velocity when the failure occurred was obtained, numerical simulation and experiment were both adopted to validate the theoretical result. Further research indicated the threshold velocity increases along with the penetrator's material yield stress, tangent modulus and failure strain, inversely along with the material density.
1)研究了前级聚能装药形成的聚能杆式侵彻体对靶板的侵彻开孔过程,并对聚能杆式侵彻体的影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明,前级聚能装药对60mmm装甲钢板的开孔直径约为20-23mm,开孔的入口直径略小于出口直径。随着药型罩壁厚与装药口径比值δ/D的增加,聚能杆式侵彻体的长径比先增大后减小；随着药型罩曲径比R/D的增加,聚能侵彻体的长径比减小,曲径比R/D≥0.833时,将不能形成聚能杆式侵彻体。
2)研究了串联战斗部对靶板的作用过程,分析了前级聚能装药爆轰场对后级嵌入体的影响。采用数值模拟方法对破孔—随嵌串联战斗部的作用过程进行了仿真分析,得出前级聚能装药对后级嵌入体有重要影响；随着隔爆板厚度的增大,后级嵌入体的变形逐渐减小,而速度降随之先减小后增大,当隔爆板厚度为30mm时,嵌入体的变形和速度降较小；随着嵌入体初始速度的增大,嵌入体的变形差异不大,速度降随之增大；后级嵌入体与前级聚能装药的轴线不重合时,嵌入体将产生侧向偏移和攻角。
3)研究了后级嵌入体的嵌入过程,并对影响嵌入体有效嵌入的因素进行了分析。研究表明,嵌入体的嵌入深度随着嵌入体初始速度的增加而增大,嵌入体合适的初始速度为200m/s-350m/s；嵌入体初始速度一定时,嵌入体的嵌入深度随着靶板预开孔直径的增大而增大,靶板预开孔直径为20-26mm时较为合适。
4)建立了嵌入体垂直嵌入预开孔靶板的断裂分析模型,得出了嵌入体发生断裂失效的最小速度表达式,并结合数值仿真和试验对理论结果进行了验证。由理论分析、数值模拟和试验研究得出,嵌入体发生断裂失效的最小速度随着嵌入体材料屈服应力、切线模量和失效应变的增大而增大,随着密度的增大而减小。
Tandem shape charge --- embedding warhead is a new type of warhead, which is consisted of forward shaped charge and backward penetrator. Firstly, the jetting projectile formed by the shaped charge penetrated the target, then the backward penetrator embedded the perforated target by the kinetic energy, thus the damage and blockade effect of the warhead was realized. In this thesis, Tandem shape charge --- embedding warhead's embedded process and mechanism was studied by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental study. The fracture analysis model about the penetrator embedding perforated target was established, and the factors which affected the fracture failure model were analyzed. The result of this thesis would provide valuable theoretical basis and technical reference for the Tandem shape charge --- embedding warhead's design and improvement. The followings are the main contents of this dissertation:
1) The penetration process of the jetting projectile charge towards the target was firstly studied. Factors influenced the penetrate effect was analyzed. The result indicated:(a) Diameter of perforated hole caused by forward shaped charge was around 20-23mm (60mm steel plate), the diameter of the entrance hole was slightly smaller than the oulet hole; (b) As the liner thickness --- charge diameter ratioδ/D increased, the aspect ratio of the jetting projectile charge first increased and then decreased; (c) As liner curvature radius --- charge diameter ratio R/D increased, the aspect ratio of the jetting projectile charge decreased, when R/D≥0.833, the jetting projectile would fail to form.
2) Action process of the tadem warhead towards the target was studied, the forward shaped charge's detonation effect on the backward penetrator was analyzed. The simulation model was set up respectively, result of which indicated that forward charge affected the backward penetrator greatly. While with the increase of baffle plate's thickness, the negative influence was decreased, when the thickness reached 30mm, the deformation and velocity drop of the penetrator was relatively minimum. With the initial velocity of the penetrator increased, the deformation was insignificant while the velocity drop increased accordingly. And if axis of the backward penetrator was not coincided with the forward shaped charge, the penetrator would possess the angle of attack during the embedding process.
3) Embedding process of the backward penetrator was studied, and factors which affected the embedding were analyzed. The result indicated:(a) With the initial velocity of the penetrator increased, the embedding depth increased, and the appropriate initial velocity would be 200m/s-350m/s; (b) When the initial velocity was a constant, the embedding depth increased with the pre-proforated hole's diameter dimension, however, the 20-26mm diameter proved appropriate.
4) Fracture failure analysis model about the penetrator embedding pre-perforated target vertically is established, and the penetrator's threshold velocity when the failure occurred was obtained, numerical simulation and experiment were both adopted to validate the theoretical result. Further research indicated the threshold velocity increases along with the penetrator's material yield stress, tangent modulus and failure strain, inversely along with the material density.
引文
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