灰色理论在大跨度桥梁施工监控中的研究
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摘要
桥梁工程在我们的日常生活中起到越来越大的作用,随之也产生了很多问题。施工监控作为桥梁工程研究的一重大课题,是一件困难而且复杂的事情。但是桥梁施工监控关乎到桥梁施工过程和成桥状态下受力是否合理,线形是否满足设计要求,以及以后桥梁能否健康运营都有很大的影响。因此,桥梁施工监控是桥梁工程中不可忽视的一关键步骤。
本文通过施工后评价的方法,结合已做过的工程实例,成功地将灰色理论运用到实际的工程中。本文通过合理的选择预测变量,对所选取的变量进行灰色建模预测,并与利用结构计算软件MIDAS/CIVIL仿真分析得出的理论计算值与实际工程中所得到的实测值进行了比较,得出相应的结论。
桥梁结构系统作为一种非线性系统,其受力和线形受到许多诸如温度,环境等因素的影响,但在实际的工程结构的设计计算中,往往忽视了这些因素,这就使得计算结果与实际情况有一定的偏差。而灰色预测系统理论作为一个预测理论,它过滤了很多对结构的影响因素,不必过于计较结构发生异变的原因。同时,灰色预测理论用较少的数据进行灰色建模预测,预测控制也较为方便。本文通过对灰色系统理论的研究,得出灰色系统理论在桥梁施工监控中具有很高的实用性,同时能够利用灰色预测理论得出的结果对我们仿真分析的结果进行很好的符合与修正。
最后本文对灰色理论在未来桥梁施工监控中的应用也做出些展望,提出了几点问题,能够做到使灰色系统理论通过一定的发展研究后,并利用有限元软件的仿真分析结果进行适当修正,以便于更好的对大跨度桥梁施工过程以及成桥状态下的线形和应力进行监控。
Bridge engineering is playing an increasingly important role in our daily lives, also along with it, we have a lot of problems. As a major research topic, bridge construction monitoring is a matter with difficult and complex. However, the monitoring of bridge relates to the bridge force is reasonable and the design requirements of linear. It has a significant impact on healthy operation after the bridge is done. Therefore, the bridge construction project monitoring is an important aspect which is can not be ignored.
In this thesis, we use the evaluation method after the bridge is done, with the projects which have been done, The success of the gray theory to practical engineering. With Predictor variables which is rational choose, we selected variables on the grey forecasting model. Being compared with the Structure calculation of the use of the software MIDAS / CIVIL simulation and theoretical values derived from actual projects in the measured values , then obtained corresponding conclusions.
As a nonlinear system, the force and linear of bridge structures is affected by many aspects such as the temperature, environment and so on. However, these factors were often overlooked in calculation of the structure, It makes the calculation results is the large deviation from the actual situation. As a forecasting system, It filters a lot of factors on the structure, do not have too much care about the reasons for the structure. Meanwhile, we have the gray prediction model with less gray prediction data , predictive control is also more convenient. Based on the theory of gray system, we can know the grey system theory in bridge construction monitoring with high availability. While the gray prediction theory results to the results of our simulation analysis in line with the amendments to be well.
Finally, we also make the prospect in the future of bridge construction monitoring with grey theory , and some issues are raised. We hope that the gray system theory what after a certain, it can be simulated on the finite element analysis software, also the appropriate amendments to facilitate a better alignment of the bridge span and stress monitoring
本文通过施工后评价的方法,结合已做过的工程实例,成功地将灰色理论运用到实际的工程中。本文通过合理的选择预测变量,对所选取的变量进行灰色建模预测,并与利用结构计算软件MIDAS/CIVIL仿真分析得出的理论计算值与实际工程中所得到的实测值进行了比较,得出相应的结论。
桥梁结构系统作为一种非线性系统,其受力和线形受到许多诸如温度,环境等因素的影响,但在实际的工程结构的设计计算中,往往忽视了这些因素,这就使得计算结果与实际情况有一定的偏差。而灰色预测系统理论作为一个预测理论,它过滤了很多对结构的影响因素,不必过于计较结构发生异变的原因。同时,灰色预测理论用较少的数据进行灰色建模预测,预测控制也较为方便。本文通过对灰色系统理论的研究,得出灰色系统理论在桥梁施工监控中具有很高的实用性,同时能够利用灰色预测理论得出的结果对我们仿真分析的结果进行很好的符合与修正。
最后本文对灰色理论在未来桥梁施工监控中的应用也做出些展望,提出了几点问题,能够做到使灰色系统理论通过一定的发展研究后,并利用有限元软件的仿真分析结果进行适当修正,以便于更好的对大跨度桥梁施工过程以及成桥状态下的线形和应力进行监控。
Bridge engineering is playing an increasingly important role in our daily lives, also along with it, we have a lot of problems. As a major research topic, bridge construction monitoring is a matter with difficult and complex. However, the monitoring of bridge relates to the bridge force is reasonable and the design requirements of linear. It has a significant impact on healthy operation after the bridge is done. Therefore, the bridge construction project monitoring is an important aspect which is can not be ignored.
In this thesis, we use the evaluation method after the bridge is done, with the projects which have been done, The success of the gray theory to practical engineering. With Predictor variables which is rational choose, we selected variables on the grey forecasting model. Being compared with the Structure calculation of the use of the software MIDAS / CIVIL simulation and theoretical values derived from actual projects in the measured values , then obtained corresponding conclusions.
As a nonlinear system, the force and linear of bridge structures is affected by many aspects such as the temperature, environment and so on. However, these factors were often overlooked in calculation of the structure, It makes the calculation results is the large deviation from the actual situation. As a forecasting system, It filters a lot of factors on the structure, do not have too much care about the reasons for the structure. Meanwhile, we have the gray prediction model with less gray prediction data , predictive control is also more convenient. Based on the theory of gray system, we can know the grey system theory in bridge construction monitoring with high availability. While the gray prediction theory results to the results of our simulation analysis in line with the amendments to be well.
Finally, we also make the prospect in the future of bridge construction monitoring with grey theory , and some issues are raised. We hope that the gray system theory what after a certain, it can be simulated on the finite element analysis software, also the appropriate amendments to facilitate a better alignment of the bridge span and stress monitoring
引文
[1]舒迪前.预测控制系统及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,1999.121-154
[2]胡寿松.自动控制原理(第三版.北京:国防工业出版社,1995.24-156
[3]席裕庚.预测控制.北京:国防工业出版社,1993:110-214
[4] Chyun-shin,Cheng.Yen-Tseng,Chwan-chia Wu. EIICE Transactions or Fundamentals of Elecortnics.Communications and ComPuter Scienees,1997,18(4):56-63
[5] ChenTP.Approximation Capbaility in Cn by Multilayer Feedfowrark Newtokrs and Related Problems.EIEETrnas,NN,1995(6):38-43
[6]方志,刘光栋,王光炯.斜拉桥施工的灰色控制系统.湖南大学学报,1997,(3):145-149
[7] Hunag Yo-Ping, Huang Chi-Chang. Integration and Application of Fuzzy and Grey Modeling Methods.FuzzySets and Systems,1996,(2):221-226
[8]袁曾任.人工神经元网络及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1999:123-146
[9]焦李成.神经网络系统理论.西安:西安:电子科技大学出版社,1990:145-221
[10]林元培.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社.1994:56-87
[11]刘思峰.灰色系统理论的产生与发展.南京航空航天大学学报,2004,4:18-22
[12] DengJulong. Intrduetion In GreySystem Theory. The Journal of Grey System,1981,1(1): 1-24
[13] HuangGH.,Baezt,B.W. Development of A Gery Critical path Method for Consturction Planning.Engineering Optimation,1997,(3):165-169
[14] Hu Jun,Liu Zhi-feng. Xu Wen-sheng. Application of Grey System Theory in Peace Avenue Overpass Bridge.Construction Linear Control, 2010,3(4):28-32
[15]傅立.灰色系统理论及其应用.北京:科学技术文献出版社,1992:134-187
[16] Tamura, De- Ping,N.andSakeshita.K. Load Forecasting Using Gery Dnyamie Model.The Jounral of GreySystem,1992,13(13):76-81
[17] K.L.Wen,J.H.Wu.J.LDeng.AGO for Invariant Series.The Joumal of Grey System,1998,(l):2-17
[18] Kashima5. Teehnieal advaneesin the Honshu-Shikoku Bridge.IABSE Symposium, 1996,17(8):14-21
[19]吕宏辉,钟路,夏红霞.灰色系统与神经网络融合技术探索.微机发展,2000,(3):65-71
[20] Skaai F,Isoe,A,UmedaA. A.new methodology for control of construction accuracy in cable-stayed bridges[A].Shanghai: Tonji Univesrity press,1991:26-32
[21]邓聚龙.灰色预测模型GM(l,1)几种性质.华中工学院学报,1987,(5):14-21
[22]王技,钟海辉.灰色理论在桥梁剩余寿命预测中的应用研究.现代交通技术,2006,14(5):35~39
[23]林兵,郑丹,周建庭等.西南地区桥梁寿命预测分析.重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2008,14:46-50
[24]邓聚龙.灰色系统理论教程.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990:26-198
[25] Gimsing Nj, EdEast Bridg, The Storebaelt Publications Kobenhavn.A/s, Storebaelt forbindelsen,1998,12(3):14-19
[26]张喜德,郝天之,李东超.灰色马尔科夫链在连续刚构桥梁施工线形控制中的应用.广西大学学报(自然科学版),2006,12: 24-27
[27]彭宝华.我国公路桥梁的发展趋势.中国公路学会桥梁和结构学会1999年桥梁学术讨论会论文集.北京:人民交通出版社,1999:146-152
[28]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥.北京:人民交通出版社,1999:15-125
[29]张永水,顾安邦.灰色系统理论在连续刚构桥施工控制中的应用.公路,2001,(6):22-26
[30]蔺陵.基于灰色理论的大跨度斜拉桥施工控制方法研究与应用[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆交通学院,2004
[31]洪锦如.桥梁结构计算力学.上海:同济大学出版社,2001:15-186
[32]徐君兰.大跨度桥梁施工控制.北京:人民交通出版社,2000:124-145
[33]吕宏辉,钟路,夏红霞.灰色系统与神经网络融合技术探索.微机发展,2000,(3):53-57
[34]楼顺天.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计一神经网络.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999:134-186
[35]夏海兵.基于灰色马尔可夫组合模型的在役桥梁承载力模糊可靠性预测.现代交通技术,2008,4(5):124 -128
[36]邓聚龙.灰色控制系统.武汉:华中工学院出版社,1987. 98-123
[37]汪娟娟.灰色系统理论在大跨径桥梁施工控制中的应用[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[38] Conerete Struetures Subjeeted to Variable Thermal Loads’Joural of Strcutural Engineering ,VOL,121,NO.3 1995:123-128
[39]高淑照.灰色系统理论众在混凝土桥梁施工挠度变形监侧中的应用[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2002.
[40]蓝悦明,王新洲.灰色预测用于大坝水平变形预测的研究.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1996
[41] Wind-resistant study on the Jiangyin Bridge,Researeh Report,Tongji University,1995:123-214
[42] Abraham Band Ledolter J.Statistical Methods for Foreasting. NewYork,Wiley,1983,13(4):45-51
[2]胡寿松.自动控制原理(第三版.北京:国防工业出版社,1995.24-156
[3]席裕庚.预测控制.北京:国防工业出版社,1993:110-214
[4] Chyun-shin,Cheng.Yen-Tseng,Chwan-chia Wu. EIICE Transactions or Fundamentals of Elecortnics.Communications and ComPuter Scienees,1997,18(4):56-63
[5] ChenTP.Approximation Capbaility in Cn by Multilayer Feedfowrark Newtokrs and Related Problems.EIEETrnas,NN,1995(6):38-43
[6]方志,刘光栋,王光炯.斜拉桥施工的灰色控制系统.湖南大学学报,1997,(3):145-149
[7] Hunag Yo-Ping, Huang Chi-Chang. Integration and Application of Fuzzy and Grey Modeling Methods.FuzzySets and Systems,1996,(2):221-226
[8]袁曾任.人工神经元网络及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1999:123-146
[9]焦李成.神经网络系统理论.西安:西安:电子科技大学出版社,1990:145-221
[10]林元培.斜拉桥.北京:人民交通出版社.1994:56-87
[11]刘思峰.灰色系统理论的产生与发展.南京航空航天大学学报,2004,4:18-22
[12] DengJulong. Intrduetion In GreySystem Theory. The Journal of Grey System,1981,1(1): 1-24
[13] HuangGH.,Baezt,B.W. Development of A Gery Critical path Method for Consturction Planning.Engineering Optimation,1997,(3):165-169
[14] Hu Jun,Liu Zhi-feng. Xu Wen-sheng. Application of Grey System Theory in Peace Avenue Overpass Bridge.Construction Linear Control, 2010,3(4):28-32
[15]傅立.灰色系统理论及其应用.北京:科学技术文献出版社,1992:134-187
[16] Tamura, De- Ping,N.andSakeshita.K. Load Forecasting Using Gery Dnyamie Model.The Jounral of GreySystem,1992,13(13):76-81
[17] K.L.Wen,J.H.Wu.J.LDeng.AGO for Invariant Series.The Joumal of Grey System,1998,(l):2-17
[18] Kashima5. Teehnieal advaneesin the Honshu-Shikoku Bridge.IABSE Symposium, 1996,17(8):14-21
[19]吕宏辉,钟路,夏红霞.灰色系统与神经网络融合技术探索.微机发展,2000,(3):65-71
[20] Skaai F,Isoe,A,UmedaA. A.new methodology for control of construction accuracy in cable-stayed bridges[A].Shanghai: Tonji Univesrity press,1991:26-32
[21]邓聚龙.灰色预测模型GM(l,1)几种性质.华中工学院学报,1987,(5):14-21
[22]王技,钟海辉.灰色理论在桥梁剩余寿命预测中的应用研究.现代交通技术,2006,14(5):35~39
[23]林兵,郑丹,周建庭等.西南地区桥梁寿命预测分析.重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2008,14:46-50
[24]邓聚龙.灰色系统理论教程.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990:26-198
[25] Gimsing Nj, EdEast Bridg, The Storebaelt Publications Kobenhavn.A/s, Storebaelt forbindelsen,1998,12(3):14-19
[26]张喜德,郝天之,李东超.灰色马尔科夫链在连续刚构桥梁施工线形控制中的应用.广西大学学报(自然科学版),2006,12: 24-27
[27]彭宝华.我国公路桥梁的发展趋势.中国公路学会桥梁和结构学会1999年桥梁学术讨论会论文集.北京:人民交通出版社,1999:146-152
[28]范立础.预应力混凝土连续梁桥.北京:人民交通出版社,1999:15-125
[29]张永水,顾安邦.灰色系统理论在连续刚构桥施工控制中的应用.公路,2001,(6):22-26
[30]蔺陵.基于灰色理论的大跨度斜拉桥施工控制方法研究与应用[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆交通学院,2004
[31]洪锦如.桥梁结构计算力学.上海:同济大学出版社,2001:15-186
[32]徐君兰.大跨度桥梁施工控制.北京:人民交通出版社,2000:124-145
[33]吕宏辉,钟路,夏红霞.灰色系统与神经网络融合技术探索.微机发展,2000,(3):53-57
[34]楼顺天.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计一神经网络.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999:134-186
[35]夏海兵.基于灰色马尔可夫组合模型的在役桥梁承载力模糊可靠性预测.现代交通技术,2008,4(5):124 -128
[36]邓聚龙.灰色控制系统.武汉:华中工学院出版社,1987. 98-123
[37]汪娟娟.灰色系统理论在大跨径桥梁施工控制中的应用[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2006
[38] Conerete Struetures Subjeeted to Variable Thermal Loads’Joural of Strcutural Engineering ,VOL,121,NO.3 1995:123-128
[39]高淑照.灰色系统理论众在混凝土桥梁施工挠度变形监侧中的应用[硕士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2002.
[40]蓝悦明,王新洲.灰色预测用于大坝水平变形预测的研究.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,1996
[41] Wind-resistant study on the Jiangyin Bridge,Researeh Report,Tongji University,1995:123-214
[42] Abraham Band Ledolter J.Statistical Methods for Foreasting. NewYork,Wiley,1983,13(4):45-51