果树施肥新技术在芮城县的推广模式与效益分析
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摘要
芮城县位于山西省的苹果主产区，自然条件具有生产优质苹果的资源优势，近年来苹果产业逐渐成为该县的主导产业。但是，由于盲目追求高产而过量施用氮肥或不合理施肥，造成了果品质量下降、病果增多、果树早衰、产量及效益普遍下降的局面。为了适应国内外市场对无公害果品的巨大需求，实现果品生产的优质、高产、高效，芮城县科技局大力引进科学施肥新技术和无公害肥料新产品。在科学施肥新技术推广中组建了农化服务网络模式，大力推广了SV有机无机复肥，取得了明显的生态效益和经济效益，有效地推进了芮城无公害果业的发展。
Ruicheng County is one of the main apple production areas in Shanxi Province. It has dominant natural resources to product the good quality apples. The apple production is becoming a leading industry in the county. However, because of unreasonable application of fertilizer rate and techniques, the apples produced are not good quality. Meantime, Agrochemical services Web network are built, and the SV organic and inorganic fertilizer is used to the county. As a result, these new extension approaches show obvious ecological and economic advantages and promote Ruicheng County pollution-free production.
Ruicheng County is one of the main apple production areas in Shanxi Province. It has dominant natural resources to product the good quality apples. The apple production is becoming a leading industry in the county. However, because of unreasonable application of fertilizer rate and techniques, the apples produced are not good quality. Meantime, Agrochemical services Web network are built, and the SV organic and inorganic fertilizer is used to the county. As a result, these new extension approaches show obvious ecological and economic advantages and promote Ruicheng County pollution-free production.
引文
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[2] 杜俊杰．全国果业四化研究进展，中国农业科学技术出版社者，2002．
[3] 王文学．生态农业原理及应用，人民出版社，1991．
[4] 曾有志等．果树营养施肥及土壤管理，中国农业科学技术出版社，1993．
[5] 芮城县土壤普查办公室编，芮城土壤，1986．
[6] 王曰鑫．无公害蔬菜施肥概论，中国农业科学技术出版社，2001．
[7] 姜远茂等．果树施肥新技术，中国农业出版社，2002，4．
[8] 周学伍等，果园施肥新技术，中国农业出版社，1999，1．
[9] 徐静安主编施用技术与农化服务，化学工业出版社，2001，1．
[10] 吴玉光，刘立新，黄德明编．化肥使用指南，中国农业出版社，2000，9．
[11] 张道勇，王鹤平．中国实用肥料学，上海：科技出版社，1997．
[12] 关连珠．土壤肥料学，中国农业出版社，2000．
[13] 奚振邦．化学肥料学，北京：科学技术出版社，1994．
[14] 谷杰，高华．提高化肥利用率技术创新展望，农业工程学报，2000，(2)．
[15] 中国农科院士肥所编，中国肥料，上海：科学技术出版社，1994．
[16] 中国农科院士肥所编，土壤肥料，上海：科技出版社，1994．
[17] 沈仁芳等．石灰性土壤无机磷的形态分布及其有效性[J]．土壤学报，1992，2．
[18] 鲁如坤等．土壤植物营养学原理和施肥[M]，化学工业出版社，1998．
[19] 赵晓齐等．有机肥对土壤磷素吸附的影响[J]．土壤学报，1991．
[20] Nitrogen Use Efficiency with the Application of Controlled Release Fertilizations Coated with Kraft Pine Lignin Carmen Garda,Antonio Vallejo,Lose A Diez,et.al; Soil science Plant Nutr, 1997.
[21] Using hydrophilic Polymers to Control Nutrient Release Robert Li Mikkelsen, Fertilizer Research, 1994.
[22] Rahman,MJ et al. Studies on the effects of some additives on the physiochemical properties of urea-ammonium sulfate (UAS) pellets. Fert. Res, 1994.
[23] Goring,CAL.Control of nitrification by 2-chloro-6(trichloismethyl) Pyridine .Soil Sci., 1962.
[24] Mikkelsen RL Using Hydrohilic polymers to control Nutrient release Fert Res, 1994.
[25] Redel,RjetaI.Soil urease inhibition by thermal polymers of thiophosphoryl tryiamide and phosohoryl triamide. Fert Res, 1994.
[26] Flannery,RL and WJ Busscher. Use of synthetic polymer in potting soils to improve water holding capacity. Comm.Soil Sci Plant Anal. 1982.