我国通信设备制造业国际竞争力实证分析
|
摘要
二十世纪八十年代以来,在信息技术革命和经济全球化的推动下,世界电信业发生了巨大的变化,发展与变革的浪潮席卷全球,成为增长最快、市场潜力最大的一个产业。我国通信设备制造业经过近20年的技术引进和近10年的自主研发,已经形成了较为完整的通信制造产业链。因此,对我国通信设备制造业的国际竞争力进行全面和系统评价,显得尤为必要。
本文首先在分析产业国际竞争力相关研究文献基础上,构建了我国通信设备制造业的国际竞争力评价体系;其次,采用两种方法即单项指标评价法和综合指标评价法,对我国通信设备制造业的国际竞争力进行了实证分析;最后,对我国通信设备制造业存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议。
本文研究认为,我国通信设备制造业的竞争实力有了较大提高,但与发达国家相比竞争实力仍然较弱。从竞争潜力分析,我国通信设备制造业具有明显的劳动力成本优势和产品价格优势,但随着国内市场的国际化和国际市场一体化,这种优势在逐渐减弱。国内企业对国外先进技术的吸收借鉴、研发投入的增加、产业技术水平和产品市场规模的逐渐增强,在一定程度上促进了我国通信设备制造业的发展。从竞争环境分析,我国加入WTO后,相对于国外企业,各种优惠政策逐步取消,失去了以“市场换技术”的优势;同时,我国通信设备制造业的发展缺乏国内集成电路、软件业等相关产业的有力支撑,产品空白和技术空白仍然较多,核心技术产品缺乏,已有产品在性能、质量等方面与发达国家仍存在差距。总体上看,我国通信设备制造业面临的是一个挑战大于机遇的竞争环境。为进一步提高我国通信设备制造业的国际竞争力,本文认为我国应该从政府视角加强技术创新、优化产业布局规划,加大人才培养力度,从企业视角建立人才激励机制,从国际视角重视国际合作,加强国际交流。
Since the 1980s, the world telecommunications industry has undergone tremendous changes driven by the information technology revolution and economic globalization, the wave of development and change sweep across the world, and it becomes the fastest-growing, the largest market potential industry. Chinese communications equipment industry has formed a relatively complete communications manufacturer industrial chain after nearly 20 years of technology imports and nearly 10 years of independent research and development. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive evaluation for Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry's international competitiveness.
This paper firstly construct the evaluation system of Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry on the base of related research literature of international competitiveness; and secondly, make the empirical analysis for international competitiveness of Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry by using two methods,that is single index approach and comprehensive index approach; Finally, made the corresponding countermeasures against the problem which Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry has.
In this paper, Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry’s competitive strength has improved greatly, but it is still weak comparing to the developed countries competitiveness. From the competitive potential, it has obvious advantages of the cost of labor and product price advantage, but as the internationalization of the domestic market and international market integration, that advantage is weakening. From the competitive environment, after Chinese accession to the WTO, various preferential policies are being phased out comparing to foreign enterprises, overall, Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry is facing to a competitive environment which challenge is greater than the opportunities. To further enhance the country's communications equipment manufacturing industry's international competitiveness, the paper think that our country should strengthen technological innovation, optimize the industrial layout planning, and increase efforts to train qualified personnel from the perspective of government, and establish personnel incentive mechanisms from the enterprise perspective, and strengthen international exchanges, cooperation from an international perspective.
本文首先在分析产业国际竞争力相关研究文献基础上,构建了我国通信设备制造业的国际竞争力评价体系;其次,采用两种方法即单项指标评价法和综合指标评价法,对我国通信设备制造业的国际竞争力进行了实证分析;最后,对我国通信设备制造业存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议。
本文研究认为,我国通信设备制造业的竞争实力有了较大提高,但与发达国家相比竞争实力仍然较弱。从竞争潜力分析,我国通信设备制造业具有明显的劳动力成本优势和产品价格优势,但随着国内市场的国际化和国际市场一体化,这种优势在逐渐减弱。国内企业对国外先进技术的吸收借鉴、研发投入的增加、产业技术水平和产品市场规模的逐渐增强,在一定程度上促进了我国通信设备制造业的发展。从竞争环境分析,我国加入WTO后,相对于国外企业,各种优惠政策逐步取消,失去了以“市场换技术”的优势;同时,我国通信设备制造业的发展缺乏国内集成电路、软件业等相关产业的有力支撑,产品空白和技术空白仍然较多,核心技术产品缺乏,已有产品在性能、质量等方面与发达国家仍存在差距。总体上看,我国通信设备制造业面临的是一个挑战大于机遇的竞争环境。为进一步提高我国通信设备制造业的国际竞争力,本文认为我国应该从政府视角加强技术创新、优化产业布局规划,加大人才培养力度,从企业视角建立人才激励机制,从国际视角重视国际合作,加强国际交流。
Since the 1980s, the world telecommunications industry has undergone tremendous changes driven by the information technology revolution and economic globalization, the wave of development and change sweep across the world, and it becomes the fastest-growing, the largest market potential industry. Chinese communications equipment industry has formed a relatively complete communications manufacturer industrial chain after nearly 20 years of technology imports and nearly 10 years of independent research and development. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive evaluation for Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry's international competitiveness.
This paper firstly construct the evaluation system of Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry on the base of related research literature of international competitiveness; and secondly, make the empirical analysis for international competitiveness of Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry by using two methods,that is single index approach and comprehensive index approach; Finally, made the corresponding countermeasures against the problem which Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry has.
In this paper, Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry’s competitive strength has improved greatly, but it is still weak comparing to the developed countries competitiveness. From the competitive potential, it has obvious advantages of the cost of labor and product price advantage, but as the internationalization of the domestic market and international market integration, that advantage is weakening. From the competitive environment, after Chinese accession to the WTO, various preferential policies are being phased out comparing to foreign enterprises, overall, Chinese communications equipment manufacturing industry is facing to a competitive environment which challenge is greater than the opportunities. To further enhance the country's communications equipment manufacturing industry's international competitiveness, the paper think that our country should strengthen technological innovation, optimize the industrial layout planning, and increase efforts to train qualified personnel from the perspective of government, and establish personnel incentive mechanisms from the enterprise perspective, and strengthen international exchanges, cooperation from an international perspective.
引文
①《中国信息产业年鉴》(2006)。
①Baldwin, Carliss Y, Kim B Clark. Managing in an Age of Modularity.Harvard Business Review,1988(5):84-93
②David J Collis.Competing on Resources:Strategy in The 1990s.Harvard Business Review,1995(6).
③John A Karikari.International Competitiveness on Trade in Manufactures.In Further Essay on Applied Economics.London:Duckworth,1988.
④Michael E Porter.The Competitive Advantage of Nations.Macmillan Press Ltd,London,1990.
⑤Dunning J H,Sarianna M.The Geographical Sources of Competitiveness of Multinational Enterprises: An Econometric Analysis.International Business Review,1993(7):115-133
①Fagerberg J.User producer Interaction,Learning and Comparative Advantage.Cambridge Journal of Economics, 1995,(19):143-156
②Kim D,Marion B.Domestic Market Structure and Performance in Global Markets:Theory and Empirical Evident from US Food Manufacturing Industry.Review of International Organization,1997,(12):335-354
③Xepapadeas A,Zeeuw A.Environmental Policy and Competitiveness:The Porter Hypothesis and The Composition of Capital.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1999,(37):165-182
④Moreno L.The Determinants of Spanish Industrial Exports to The European Union.Applied Economics,1997,(29):723-732
⑤狄昂照,吴明录,韩松等.国际竞争力[M].北京:改革出版社,1992.
⑥任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的初步研究[J].中国软科学,1996(9):74-82
⑦任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的进一步研究[J].中国软科学,1998(2):3-13
⑧金碚.中国工业国际竞争力—理论、方法和实证研究[M].北京:经济管理出版社,1997.
①裴长洪.利用外资与产业竞争力[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1998.
②陈向东,田东文.我国产业科技竞争力的国际比较实证分析[J].中国软科学,1999(11):28-32
③邹薇.关于中国国际竞争力的实证测度与理论研究[J].经济评论,1999(5):27-32
④穆荣平.中国高技术产业国际竞争力评价指标研究[J].中国科技论坛,2000(3):28-32
⑤王仁曾.产业国际竞争力决定因素的实证研究[J].统计研究,2002(4):20-24
⑥张金昌.国际竞争力评价的理论和方法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002.
①郭践.中国通信制造业的风险分析[D]:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安交通大学产业经济学,2002
②张朝晖.通信制造业跨国经营战略分析[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2003
③应俊.中国通信制造企业跨文化管理研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京工业大学工商管理专业,2005
④尹强军.华为技术有限公司国际化战略研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2005
①亚当.斯密著.国富论[M]:唐日松等译.北京:华夏出版社,2005.
②大卫.李嘉图著.政治经济学及赋税原理[M]:陈东野译.北京:商务印书馆,1972.
③奥林著.地区间贸易和国际贸易[M]:王继祖译.北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2001.
①陈同久,薛荣久著.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.69-70
②凯恩著.国际经济[M]:周伯琦译.北京:经济学院出版社,1989.
③陈同久,薛荣久.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.72-73
④陈同久,薛荣久.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.73-76
⑤迈克尔.波特.国家竞争优势[M]:李明轩,邱如美译.北京:华夏出版社,2002.
①迈克尔.波特.国家竞争优势[M]:李明轩,邱如美译.北京:华夏出版社,2002.
①中国科学技术部编.中国科学技术指标2002[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2003.
②依据据《中国电子工业年鉴》有关数据计算。
①国研网http://www.drcnet.com.cn/DRCNet.Channel.Web/。
①中国科学技术部编.中国科学技术指标2006[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2007.
①国家技术前瞻研究组著.中国技术前瞻报告2003-2005[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2006.
①王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.
①郭亚军.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
①韩中庚.数学建模方法及其应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
①谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2000.
1. John A Karikari.International Competitiveness on Trade in Manufactures.In Further Essay on Applied Economics.London:Duckworth,1988.
2. Dunning J H,Sarianna M.The Geographical Sources of Competitiveness of Multinational Enterprises:An econometric Analysis.International Business Review,1993(7):115-133
3. Fagerberg J.User producer Interaction,Learning and Comparative Advantage.Cambridge Journal of Economics,1995(19):143-156
4. Kim D,Marion B.Domestic Market Structure and Performance in Global Markets:Theory and Empirical Evident from US Food Manufacturing Industry.Review of International Organization,1997(12):335-354
5. Xepapadeas A,Zeeuw A.Environmental Policy and Competitiveness:The Porter Hypothesis and The Composition of Capital.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1999(37):165-182
6. Moreno L.The Determinants of Spanish Industrial Exports to The European Union.Applied Economics,1997(29):723-732
7. Sengenberger,Werner.Local Development and International Economic Competition.International Labor Review,1993(5)
8. President's Commission on Industrial Competitiveness,Global Competition:The New Reality Washington D.C.,U.S.Government Printing Office
9. Hame G,Hence A.Competence Based Competition.New York:John Wiley Press,1994.
10. Michael Spence,Heather A Harvard.International Competitiveness.New York:Ballinger Publishing Company,1998.
11. World Economic Forum(WEF),The World Competitiveness Report.1996-1997
12. Abernathy,William J,Hayes.Managing Our Way to Economic Decline.Harvard Business Review,1980(6)
13. Arndt,Sven W,Bouton,Lawrence.Competiveness:The United States in World Trade. Washington D C:American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research,1987
14. Bartlett,Christopher A.Multinational Structural Evolution:The Decision Environment in the International Decision.Harbard Graduate School of Business Administration,1979
15. Belassa,Bela.A `Stages Approach' to Comparative Advantage.London:National and International Issues.1989
16. Hindley Brain,Smith Asdaor.Comparative Advantage and Trade in Services.The World Economy.1984(7)
17. Christine Greenhalgh,Mary Gregory.Structural Change and The Emergence of The New Service Economy.Fourteenth International Conference On Input-Output Techniques,Montreal,Canada.2002
18. David J Teece,Gsmry Pissmno,Sammy Shuen.Choosing How to Competence: strategies and Tactics in Standardization.Strategic Management Journal,1997(18)
19. Giancarlo Corsetti,Paolo Pesenti,Nouiel Roubini.Competitive Devaluations:A welfare-based approach.National Bureau Of Economic Research,1999
20. Gerard P Cachon,Paul H Zipkin.Competitive and Cooperative Inventory Policies in A Two-Stage Supply Chain.Management Science,1999(7)
21. Liu Ligang,Marcus Noland,Sherman Robinson.Asuab Competitive Devaluations.Institute for International Economics Working Paper.1998
22. Weber C A,Current J R,Benton W C.Vendor Selection Criteria and Methods. European Journal of Operational Research,1991(7)
23. Grant R M.Porter's Competitive Advantage of Nations:An Assessment.Strategic Management Journal,1991(7)
24. Gray R M.International Competitiveness:A Review Article.The International Trade Joumal,1991(7)
25. Nicole E C,Ghaurl P N.International Competitiveness:Empirical Findings from SME Service.Journal of International Marketing,1998(6)
26. Ma H.Determinants of Strategic Operation in Multination Competition.Journal of International Management,1999(5)
27. Dale W Jorgenson,Kevin J Stiroh.Industry-Level Productivity and Competitiveness Between Canada and The United States.The American Economic Review,2000(5)
28.狄昂照,吴明录,韩松等.国际竞争力[M].北京:改革出版社,1992.
29.裴长洪.利用外资与产业竞争力[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1998.
30.金碚.竞争力经济学[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2003.
31.金碚.中国工业国际竞争力—理论、方法与实证研究[M].北京:经济管理出版社,1997.
32.金碚.经济学对竞争力的解释[J].经济管理,2002(22):4-12
33.金碚,李钢,陈志.加入WTO以来中国制造业国际竞争力的实证分析.中国工业经济,2006(10):5-14
34.金碚,李钢,陈志.中国制造业国际竞争力现状分析及提升对策[J].经济管理,2007(3):3-10
35.任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的初步研究[J].中国软科学,1996(9):74-82
36.任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的进一步研究[J].经济研究,1998(2):3-13
37.迈克尔?波特.竞争优势[M]:陈小悦译.北京:华夏出版社,1997.
38.迈克尔?波特.竞争战略[M]:陈小悦译.北京:华夏出版社,1997.
39.迈克尔.波特.国家竞争优势[M]:李明轩,邱如美译.北京:华夏出版社,2002
40.邹薇.关于中国国际竞争力的实证测度与理论研究[J].经济评论,1995(5):27-32
41.邹薇.再论国家竞争力的内涵及其测度体系[J].经济评论,2002(3):12-18
42.穆荣平.中国高技术产业国际竞争力评价指标研究[J].中国科技论坛,2000(3):28-32
43.穆荣平.中国通信设备制造业国际竞争力评价[J].科学学研究,2000(3):54-61
44.穆荣平.高技术产业国际竞争力评价方法初步研究[J].科研管理,2000(1):50-57
45.吴灼亮,穆荣平.中国通信设备制造业竞争力态势分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2005(3):83-87
46.许书铭.产业国际竞争力之发展及其影响因素分析[D]:[博士学位论文]台北:台湾大学商学院,2000.
47.张金昌.国际竞争力评价的理论和方法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002.
48.王仁曾,白国红.中国高技术产业国际竞争力的统计分析[J].中国科技信息,1999(12):16-19
49.王仁曾.产业国际竞争力决定因素的实证研究[J].统计研究,2002(4):20-24
50.王仁曾.关于产业国际竞争力的测度指标体系的思考[J].西北民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版),2002(2):67-71
51.蔡昉,王德文,王美艳.工业竞争力与比较优势——WTO框架下提高工业竞争力的方向.管理世界.2003(2):58-63
52.刘林青,谭力文.产业国际竞争力的二维评价——全球价值链背景下的思考[J].中国工业经济,2006(12):37-44
53.陈向东,田东文.我国产业科技竞争力的国际比较[J].中国软科学,1999(11):28-32
54.张铭.论增强我国产业竞争力[J].中国工业经济,1996(3):27-30
55.周星,付英.产业国际竞争力评价指标体系探究[J].科研管理,2000(3):29-34
56.王福军.国际竞争力的来源:波特的解释[J].南京社会科学,1999(11):4-8
57.陈同久,薛荣久.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.72-73
58.王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.
59.郭亚军.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
60.韩中庚.数学建模方法及其应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
61.谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2000.
62.谢章澎,朱斌.高技术产业竞争力评价指标体系的构建[J].科研管理,2001(3):1-6
63.陈左.国际竞争力理论及其启示[J].经济问题,1998(8):7-13
64.中国科学院.高技术发展报告[M].北京:科学出版社,2000-2005.
65.国家发展改革委高技术产业司.2005年我国高技术产业发展展望[J].中国经贸导刊,2005(6):30-31
66.王剑武.产业国际竞争力的模糊综合评判[J].统计与决策,2007(2):61-61
67.国家计委产业反战研究所课题组.我国通信设备制造业崛起的启示[J].经济研究参考,2001(21):22-27
68.周亚辉.对我国通信产品制造业的若干分析[J].中国科技信息,2005(2):68-69
69.郭践.中国通信制造业的风险分析[D]:[硕士学位论文]西安:西安交通大学产业经济学,2002
70.张朝晖.通信制造业跨国经营战略分析[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2003
71.应俊.中国通信制造企业跨文化管理研究[D]:[硕士学位论文] .南京:南京工业大学工商管理专业,2005
72.尹强军.华为技术有限公司国际化战略研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2005
①Baldwin, Carliss Y, Kim B Clark. Managing in an Age of Modularity.Harvard Business Review,1988(5):84-93
②David J Collis.Competing on Resources:Strategy in The 1990s.Harvard Business Review,1995(6).
③John A Karikari.International Competitiveness on Trade in Manufactures.In Further Essay on Applied Economics.London:Duckworth,1988.
④Michael E Porter.The Competitive Advantage of Nations.Macmillan Press Ltd,London,1990.
⑤Dunning J H,Sarianna M.The Geographical Sources of Competitiveness of Multinational Enterprises: An Econometric Analysis.International Business Review,1993(7):115-133
①Fagerberg J.User producer Interaction,Learning and Comparative Advantage.Cambridge Journal of Economics, 1995,(19):143-156
②Kim D,Marion B.Domestic Market Structure and Performance in Global Markets:Theory and Empirical Evident from US Food Manufacturing Industry.Review of International Organization,1997,(12):335-354
③Xepapadeas A,Zeeuw A.Environmental Policy and Competitiveness:The Porter Hypothesis and The Composition of Capital.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1999,(37):165-182
④Moreno L.The Determinants of Spanish Industrial Exports to The European Union.Applied Economics,1997,(29):723-732
⑤狄昂照,吴明录,韩松等.国际竞争力[M].北京:改革出版社,1992.
⑥任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的初步研究[J].中国软科学,1996(9):74-82
⑦任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的进一步研究[J].中国软科学,1998(2):3-13
⑧金碚.中国工业国际竞争力—理论、方法和实证研究[M].北京:经济管理出版社,1997.
①裴长洪.利用外资与产业竞争力[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1998.
②陈向东,田东文.我国产业科技竞争力的国际比较实证分析[J].中国软科学,1999(11):28-32
③邹薇.关于中国国际竞争力的实证测度与理论研究[J].经济评论,1999(5):27-32
④穆荣平.中国高技术产业国际竞争力评价指标研究[J].中国科技论坛,2000(3):28-32
⑤王仁曾.产业国际竞争力决定因素的实证研究[J].统计研究,2002(4):20-24
⑥张金昌.国际竞争力评价的理论和方法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002.
①郭践.中国通信制造业的风险分析[D]:[硕士学位论文].西安:西安交通大学产业经济学,2002
②张朝晖.通信制造业跨国经营战略分析[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2003
③应俊.中国通信制造企业跨文化管理研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].南京:南京工业大学工商管理专业,2005
④尹强军.华为技术有限公司国际化战略研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2005
①亚当.斯密著.国富论[M]:唐日松等译.北京:华夏出版社,2005.
②大卫.李嘉图著.政治经济学及赋税原理[M]:陈东野译.北京:商务印书馆,1972.
③奥林著.地区间贸易和国际贸易[M]:王继祖译.北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2001.
①陈同久,薛荣久著.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.69-70
②凯恩著.国际经济[M]:周伯琦译.北京:经济学院出版社,1989.
③陈同久,薛荣久.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.72-73
④陈同久,薛荣久.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.73-76
⑤迈克尔.波特.国家竞争优势[M]:李明轩,邱如美译.北京:华夏出版社,2002.
①迈克尔.波特.国家竞争优势[M]:李明轩,邱如美译.北京:华夏出版社,2002.
①中国科学技术部编.中国科学技术指标2002[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2003.
②依据据《中国电子工业年鉴》有关数据计算。
①国研网http://www.drcnet.com.cn/DRCNet.Channel.Web/。
①中国科学技术部编.中国科学技术指标2006[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2007.
①国家技术前瞻研究组著.中国技术前瞻报告2003-2005[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2006.
①王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.
①郭亚军.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
①韩中庚.数学建模方法及其应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
①谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2000.
1. John A Karikari.International Competitiveness on Trade in Manufactures.In Further Essay on Applied Economics.London:Duckworth,1988.
2. Dunning J H,Sarianna M.The Geographical Sources of Competitiveness of Multinational Enterprises:An econometric Analysis.International Business Review,1993(7):115-133
3. Fagerberg J.User producer Interaction,Learning and Comparative Advantage.Cambridge Journal of Economics,1995(19):143-156
4. Kim D,Marion B.Domestic Market Structure and Performance in Global Markets:Theory and Empirical Evident from US Food Manufacturing Industry.Review of International Organization,1997(12):335-354
5. Xepapadeas A,Zeeuw A.Environmental Policy and Competitiveness:The Porter Hypothesis and The Composition of Capital.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,1999(37):165-182
6. Moreno L.The Determinants of Spanish Industrial Exports to The European Union.Applied Economics,1997(29):723-732
7. Sengenberger,Werner.Local Development and International Economic Competition.International Labor Review,1993(5)
8. President's Commission on Industrial Competitiveness,Global Competition:The New Reality Washington D.C.,U.S.Government Printing Office
9. Hame G,Hence A.Competence Based Competition.New York:John Wiley Press,1994.
10. Michael Spence,Heather A Harvard.International Competitiveness.New York:Ballinger Publishing Company,1998.
11. World Economic Forum(WEF),The World Competitiveness Report.1996-1997
12. Abernathy,William J,Hayes.Managing Our Way to Economic Decline.Harvard Business Review,1980(6)
13. Arndt,Sven W,Bouton,Lawrence.Competiveness:The United States in World Trade. Washington D C:American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research,1987
14. Bartlett,Christopher A.Multinational Structural Evolution:The Decision Environment in the International Decision.Harbard Graduate School of Business Administration,1979
15. Belassa,Bela.A `Stages Approach' to Comparative Advantage.London:National and International Issues.1989
16. Hindley Brain,Smith Asdaor.Comparative Advantage and Trade in Services.The World Economy.1984(7)
17. Christine Greenhalgh,Mary Gregory.Structural Change and The Emergence of The New Service Economy.Fourteenth International Conference On Input-Output Techniques,Montreal,Canada.2002
18. David J Teece,Gsmry Pissmno,Sammy Shuen.Choosing How to Competence: strategies and Tactics in Standardization.Strategic Management Journal,1997(18)
19. Giancarlo Corsetti,Paolo Pesenti,Nouiel Roubini.Competitive Devaluations:A welfare-based approach.National Bureau Of Economic Research,1999
20. Gerard P Cachon,Paul H Zipkin.Competitive and Cooperative Inventory Policies in A Two-Stage Supply Chain.Management Science,1999(7)
21. Liu Ligang,Marcus Noland,Sherman Robinson.Asuab Competitive Devaluations.Institute for International Economics Working Paper.1998
22. Weber C A,Current J R,Benton W C.Vendor Selection Criteria and Methods. European Journal of Operational Research,1991(7)
23. Grant R M.Porter's Competitive Advantage of Nations:An Assessment.Strategic Management Journal,1991(7)
24. Gray R M.International Competitiveness:A Review Article.The International Trade Joumal,1991(7)
25. Nicole E C,Ghaurl P N.International Competitiveness:Empirical Findings from SME Service.Journal of International Marketing,1998(6)
26. Ma H.Determinants of Strategic Operation in Multination Competition.Journal of International Management,1999(5)
27. Dale W Jorgenson,Kevin J Stiroh.Industry-Level Productivity and Competitiveness Between Canada and The United States.The American Economic Review,2000(5)
28.狄昂照,吴明录,韩松等.国际竞争力[M].北京:改革出版社,1992.
29.裴长洪.利用外资与产业竞争力[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1998.
30.金碚.竞争力经济学[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2003.
31.金碚.中国工业国际竞争力—理论、方法与实证研究[M].北京:经济管理出版社,1997.
32.金碚.经济学对竞争力的解释[J].经济管理,2002(22):4-12
33.金碚,李钢,陈志.加入WTO以来中国制造业国际竞争力的实证分析.中国工业经济,2006(10):5-14
34.金碚,李钢,陈志.中国制造业国际竞争力现状分析及提升对策[J].经济管理,2007(3):3-10
35.任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的初步研究[J].中国软科学,1996(9):74-82
36.任若恩.关于中国制造业国际竞争力的进一步研究[J].经济研究,1998(2):3-13
37.迈克尔?波特.竞争优势[M]:陈小悦译.北京:华夏出版社,1997.
38.迈克尔?波特.竞争战略[M]:陈小悦译.北京:华夏出版社,1997.
39.迈克尔.波特.国家竞争优势[M]:李明轩,邱如美译.北京:华夏出版社,2002
40.邹薇.关于中国国际竞争力的实证测度与理论研究[J].经济评论,1995(5):27-32
41.邹薇.再论国家竞争力的内涵及其测度体系[J].经济评论,2002(3):12-18
42.穆荣平.中国高技术产业国际竞争力评价指标研究[J].中国科技论坛,2000(3):28-32
43.穆荣平.中国通信设备制造业国际竞争力评价[J].科学学研究,2000(3):54-61
44.穆荣平.高技术产业国际竞争力评价方法初步研究[J].科研管理,2000(1):50-57
45.吴灼亮,穆荣平.中国通信设备制造业竞争力态势分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2005(3):83-87
46.许书铭.产业国际竞争力之发展及其影响因素分析[D]:[博士学位论文]台北:台湾大学商学院,2000.
47.张金昌.国际竞争力评价的理论和方法[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2002.
48.王仁曾,白国红.中国高技术产业国际竞争力的统计分析[J].中国科技信息,1999(12):16-19
49.王仁曾.产业国际竞争力决定因素的实证研究[J].统计研究,2002(4):20-24
50.王仁曾.关于产业国际竞争力的测度指标体系的思考[J].西北民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版),2002(2):67-71
51.蔡昉,王德文,王美艳.工业竞争力与比较优势——WTO框架下提高工业竞争力的方向.管理世界.2003(2):58-63
52.刘林青,谭力文.产业国际竞争力的二维评价——全球价值链背景下的思考[J].中国工业经济,2006(12):37-44
53.陈向东,田东文.我国产业科技竞争力的国际比较[J].中国软科学,1999(11):28-32
54.张铭.论增强我国产业竞争力[J].中国工业经济,1996(3):27-30
55.周星,付英.产业国际竞争力评价指标体系探究[J].科研管理,2000(3):29-34
56.王福军.国际竞争力的来源:波特的解释[J].南京社会科学,1999(11):4-8
57.陈同久,薛荣久.国际贸易[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1997.72-73
58.王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1990.
59.郭亚军.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
60.韩中庚.数学建模方法及其应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
61.谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2000.
62.谢章澎,朱斌.高技术产业竞争力评价指标体系的构建[J].科研管理,2001(3):1-6
63.陈左.国际竞争力理论及其启示[J].经济问题,1998(8):7-13
64.中国科学院.高技术发展报告[M].北京:科学出版社,2000-2005.
65.国家发展改革委高技术产业司.2005年我国高技术产业发展展望[J].中国经贸导刊,2005(6):30-31
66.王剑武.产业国际竞争力的模糊综合评判[J].统计与决策,2007(2):61-61
67.国家计委产业反战研究所课题组.我国通信设备制造业崛起的启示[J].经济研究参考,2001(21):22-27
68.周亚辉.对我国通信产品制造业的若干分析[J].中国科技信息,2005(2):68-69
69.郭践.中国通信制造业的风险分析[D]:[硕士学位论文]西安:西安交通大学产业经济学,2002
70.张朝晖.通信制造业跨国经营战略分析[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2003
71.应俊.中国通信制造企业跨文化管理研究[D]:[硕士学位论文] .南京:南京工业大学工商管理专业,2005
72.尹强军.华为技术有限公司国际化战略研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉大学工商管理学院,2005