何天有学术经验总结与“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫的临床研究
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摘要
第一部分何天有学术经验总结
目的：总结何天有教授临床擅长治疗的几种病证的学术经验。
方法：一方面通过收集何天有教授及其学生发表的有关何天有学术思想、临证经验、临床和实验研究的论文,另一方面跟师收集临床病例120份,通过分析论文和临床病例以挖掘其学术内涵,探索其临证规律。
结果和结论：
1.慢性前列腺炎
1.1针灸治疗：(1)选穴方面—中西融合,独辟蹊径。主取三阴穴：夹阴1、夹阴2和重阴。(2)针刺方面—强调得气,擅用针法。
1.2中药治疗：(1)谨守病机拟主方：何天有教授认为肝经不通是本病的基本病机,治疗慢性前列腺炎宜以疏肝解郁、活血止痛为大法。(2)辩证对症巧加减：何天有教授认为主证不变,治疗主方不变,随证稍作加减。
2.腰椎间盘突出症
2.1经验总结：(1)探求病因,发微病机；(2)中西诊断,因病择术；(3)分期辨证,审证论治。
2.2经验体会：(1)注重整体,标本兼治；(2)分期治疗,重点突出;(3)擅用针法,补泻兼施；(4)养治结合,防止复发。
3.周围性面瘫
3.1经验总结：(1)早期诊断,早期治疗；(2)辨病定位,中西治疗；提出了“三期五段”的分型诊断和相应的治疗方法。(3)分期辨证,针药治疗。
3.2经验体会：(1)中医西医,择善而从；(2)整体考虑,针药结合；(3)善用针法,慎用电针；(4)综合考虑,判断预后。
4.脑中风
4.1经验总结：(1)推究病因,脏腑虚损是根本；(2)分期察病,标本缓急当分清：(3)并施针药,辨病辩证寻依据。
4.2临证体会：(1)重视时机,提倡早期治疗；(2)重视整体,主张综合治疗；(3)活用治法,注重因人因时。
5.何天有灸法思想与临床特点
5.1灸法思想：(1)提倡灸法；(2)针灸并重：(3)热证可灸；(4)灸药结合。
5.2临床特点：(1)善用铺灸治百病；(2)辨病辩证施灸法；(3)火足力宏起沉疴。
第二部分“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫的临床研究
目的：观察“三位一体”针法临床治疗缺血性中风偏瘫的临床疗效,评价“三位一体”针法的有效性和优效性。
方法：126例缺血性中风偏瘫患者随机分为“三位一体”针法针刺组(简称试验组,63例)和康复组(简称对照组,63例),分别运用针刺疗法和康复疗法治疗。试验组每天针刺1次,每次留针30min,连续6天为1个疗程,休息1天继续下一个疗程。对照组每天康复训练1次,每次45min,连续6天为1个疗程,休息1天继续下一个疗程。统计治疗第7天、14天、21天和28天的疗效。采用临床神经功能缺损程度评分(NDS)、四肢简化Fugl-Meyer评分(FMA评分)、日常生活活动能力(ADL、Barthel指数)评分和功能综合评定量表(FCA)评价偏瘫肢体功能恢复情况。
结果：1.NDS：试验组治疗7天、14天、21天和28天后NDS评分均显著低于治疗前NDS评分(P<0.05)；对照组治疗21天和28天后NDS评分均显著低于治疗前NDS评分(P<0.05),而治疗7天和14天后NDS评分与治疗前NDS评分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗7天和14天后试验组NDS评分均显著低于对照组NDS评分(P<0.05),而试验组与对照组之间在治疗21天和28天后NDS评分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗28天后,两组患者神经缺损程度比较无显著性差别(P>0.05)。
2.FMA：试验组和对照组治疗14天、21天和28天后FMA评分均显著高于治疗前FMA评分(P<0.05),而治疗7天后FMA评分与治疗前FMA评分无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗7天、14天21天和28天后试验组FMA评分与对照组均无明显差异(P>0.05)。
3.BI指数：试验组和对照组治疗14天、2l天和28天后BI指数均显著高于治疗前BI指数(P<0.05),而治疗7天后与治疗前无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗7天、14天、21天和28天后试验组BI指数与对照组BI指数均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗28天后两组患者日常生活活动能力分型比较无显著性差别(P>0.05)。
4.FCA：试验组和对照组治疗21天和28天后FCA评分均显著高于治疗前FCA评分(P<0.05),而治疗7天和14天后与治疗前无显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗7天、14天、21天和28天后试验组FCA评分与对照组FCA评分均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
结论：(1)“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫具有确切的临床疗效,与现代康复疗法临床疗效相当。
(2)“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫恢复神经功能比现代康复疗法起效快。
(3)“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫随着治疗时间的延长具有累加效应。
Part1Summary of He Tian You's academic experience
Objective:To summarize the academic experience of the types of diseases that Professor He Tian You excels at treating.
Methods:Through collecting material concerning He Tian You's academic thinking, clinical experience, clinical and research papers published by He Tian You and his students and by collecting120of He's clinical cases and thoroughly analyzing them, we intend to excavate their academic meaning and explore their clinical pattern.
Results and Conclusions:
1. Chronic prostatitis1.1Acupuncture treatment:(1) Acupoint selection-a fusion of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, developing a new style. Mainly choosing Three-Yin point:Jia Yin1, Jia Yin2and ChongYin.(2) Acupuncture aspect-emphasizing the obtaining of Qi and exceling at using acupuncture manipulation techniques.1.2Chinese herbal medicine treatment:(1) Strictly working out the main formula based on the pathogenesis:Professor He Tian You consider blockage of the Liver Meridian to be the basic pathogenesis of this disease and therefore he often uses soothing the liver and expelling stasis and invigorating blood and relieving pain as main methods, composing this basic herbal formula:chai hu, yu jln, yan hu suo, chuan lian zi, li zhi he, bai hua she she cao, zao jiao ci.(2) Variations based on syndrome differentiation and symptoms:Professor He feels that the main syndrome does not change hence the main formula does not change,but is slightly varied based on the symptoms.
2. Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation2.1Experience summary:(1) Exploring pathogeny and probing into the pathogenesis;(2) Comprehensive traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis, basing the procedure on the disease;(3) Syndrome differentiation in stages and carefully examining the syndrome before giving treatment.2.2Personal insight:(1) Emphasizing wholism, treating manifestation and root cause at the same time;(2) Advantageous to treat in stages;(3) Advantageous to use needling methods and to purge and tonify at the same time;(4) Combining convalescence and treatment to avoid relapse.
3. Peripheral facial palsy3.1Experience summary:(1) Early diagnosis, early treatment;(2) Locating the area of the disease and treating it with a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine; Through many years of clinical practice Professor He Tian You has summarized and made the "three stages and five periods" treatment method.(3) Treatment in stages and using a treatment combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine.3.2Personal insight:(1) selecting traditional Chinese or Western medicine according to need;(2) Considering the whole and combining acupuncture and herbal medicine;(3) Exceling at using acupuncture, seldom using electro-acupuncture;(4) Comprehensively considerating on causes and predicting the outcome.
4. Cerebral apoplexy4.1Experience summary:(1) Through exploring the pathogeny. he has discovered that the real cause is deficiency in the viscera;(2) One should examine the disease in stages and differentiate between manifestation and root cause, chronic and acute:(3) Combining acupuncture with herbal medicine and finding the evidence to support differentiation of disease and syndrome.4.2Clinical insight:(1) Time is of essence, the sooner one starts with the treatment the better the result will be;(2) Put emphasis on the whole and always go for a comprehensive treatment:(3) Being flexible in your treatment and remembering that there will always be differences between people and difference in time.
5. He Tian You's moxibustion ideology and clinical characteristics5.1Moxibustion ideology:(1) Encouraging the use of moxibustion;(2) Combining acupuncture and moxibustion:(3) Moxibustion can be used for heat syndrome;(4) Combining moxibustion and herbal medicine.5.2Clinical characteristics:(1) Exceling at using moxibustion for treating a number of diseases;(2) Using moxibustion after differentiating the disease and the syndrome;(3) Offen treating stubborn disease with enough fire of moxibustion.
Part two Clinical study of the "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method for poststroke hemiplegia
Objective:To evaluate the "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method on its clinical efficacy and superiority for poststroke hemiplegia.
Method:126patients of poststroke hemiplegia were randomly divided into two groups, the study group which were given the "Sanweiyiti" treatment (63cases) and the control group which were given convalescence treatment (63cases). The study group was given one acupuncture treatment every day, with30minutes of needle retention. They were treated for6days in a row which counts as one treatment period, before they had one day of rest and started with a new treatment period. The control group was given convalescence training once a day; each session would last45minutes. They had6sessions in a row, which counted as a treatment period, and then they rested for one day before they started with the next treatment period. On the7th,14th,21st and28th day statistical notes of the clinical efficacy was taken. We used the NDS score, Fugl-Meyer score (FMA score), ADL score (Barthel index) and the FCA score to indicate the recovery of the limbs functions.
Results:
1."NDS:After7.14,21and28days the NDS score in the study group was clearly lower than before treatment (P<0.05).while for the control group the NDS score was clearly lower after21and28days then before treatment (P<0.05),but without any significant difference after7and14days (P>0.05). After7and14days of treatment the NDS score for the study group was clearly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), however after21and28days of treatment there were no significant difference in the NDS score of the two groups (P>0.05), And after28days of treatment the difference in degree of neural damage between the two groups were insignificant (P>0.05)
2. FMA:After14,21and28days of treatment FMA score of both groups was clearly higher than before treatment (P<0.05), but after7days of treatment the difference with FMA score before treatment were of no significance (P>0.05). After7,14,21and28days of treatment there were no significant differences in the FMA score between the two groups (P>0.05)
3. ADL:After14,21and28days of treatment the AQL score for both groups were clearly higher than the ADL score before the treatment (P<0.05).however after7days of treatment there were no significant difference in the AQL score (P>0.05). After7,14,21and28days of treatment the difference in ADL score of the two groups were of no significance (P>0.05).After28days of treatment there were no significant difference in the daily life ability of the subjects in both groups (P>0.05)
4. FCA:After21and28days of treatment the FCA score was clearly higher than that before treatment for both groups (P<0.05),while after7and14days of treatment there were no significant difference in the FCA score (P>0.05). And after7,14,21and28days of treatment there were no significant differences in the FCA score between the two groups (P>0.05)
Conclusions:
(1) The "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method has a certain clinical efficacy for poststroke hemiplegia and has no difference in clinical efficacy from modern convalescence treatment.
(2) The "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method has works faster than modern convalescence treatment when it comes to treat poststroke hemiplegia.
(3) The "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method has the ability to build up efficacy with the extension of time when used for poststroke hemiplegia.
目的：总结何天有教授临床擅长治疗的几种病证的学术经验。
方法：一方面通过收集何天有教授及其学生发表的有关何天有学术思想、临证经验、临床和实验研究的论文,另一方面跟师收集临床病例120份,通过分析论文和临床病例以挖掘其学术内涵,探索其临证规律。
结果和结论：
1.慢性前列腺炎
1.1针灸治疗：(1)选穴方面—中西融合,独辟蹊径。主取三阴穴：夹阴1、夹阴2和重阴。(2)针刺方面—强调得气,擅用针法。
1.2中药治疗：(1)谨守病机拟主方：何天有教授认为肝经不通是本病的基本病机,治疗慢性前列腺炎宜以疏肝解郁、活血止痛为大法。(2)辩证对症巧加减：何天有教授认为主证不变,治疗主方不变,随证稍作加减。
2.腰椎间盘突出症
2.1经验总结：(1)探求病因,发微病机；(2)中西诊断,因病择术；(3)分期辨证,审证论治。
2.2经验体会：(1)注重整体,标本兼治；(2)分期治疗,重点突出;(3)擅用针法,补泻兼施；(4)养治结合,防止复发。
3.周围性面瘫
3.1经验总结：(1)早期诊断,早期治疗；(2)辨病定位,中西治疗；提出了“三期五段”的分型诊断和相应的治疗方法。(3)分期辨证,针药治疗。
3.2经验体会：(1)中医西医,择善而从；(2)整体考虑,针药结合；(3)善用针法,慎用电针；(4)综合考虑,判断预后。
4.脑中风
4.1经验总结：(1)推究病因,脏腑虚损是根本；(2)分期察病,标本缓急当分清：(3)并施针药,辨病辩证寻依据。
4.2临证体会：(1)重视时机,提倡早期治疗；(2)重视整体,主张综合治疗；(3)活用治法,注重因人因时。
5.何天有灸法思想与临床特点
5.1灸法思想：(1)提倡灸法；(2)针灸并重：(3)热证可灸；(4)灸药结合。
5.2临床特点：(1)善用铺灸治百病；(2)辨病辩证施灸法；(3)火足力宏起沉疴。
第二部分“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫的临床研究
目的：观察“三位一体”针法临床治疗缺血性中风偏瘫的临床疗效,评价“三位一体”针法的有效性和优效性。
方法：126例缺血性中风偏瘫患者随机分为“三位一体”针法针刺组(简称试验组,63例)和康复组(简称对照组,63例),分别运用针刺疗法和康复疗法治疗。试验组每天针刺1次,每次留针30min,连续6天为1个疗程,休息1天继续下一个疗程。对照组每天康复训练1次,每次45min,连续6天为1个疗程,休息1天继续下一个疗程。统计治疗第7天、14天、21天和28天的疗效。采用临床神经功能缺损程度评分(NDS)、四肢简化Fugl-Meyer评分(FMA评分)、日常生活活动能力(ADL、Barthel指数)评分和功能综合评定量表(FCA)评价偏瘫肢体功能恢复情况。
结果：1.NDS：试验组治疗7天、14天、21天和28天后NDS评分均显著低于治疗前NDS评分(P<0.05)；对照组治疗21天和28天后NDS评分均显著低于治疗前NDS评分(P<0.05),而治疗7天和14天后NDS评分与治疗前NDS评分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗7天和14天后试验组NDS评分均显著低于对照组NDS评分(P<0.05),而试验组与对照组之间在治疗21天和28天后NDS评分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗28天后,两组患者神经缺损程度比较无显著性差别(P>0.05)。
2.FMA：试验组和对照组治疗14天、21天和28天后FMA评分均显著高于治疗前FMA评分(P<0.05),而治疗7天后FMA评分与治疗前FMA评分无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗7天、14天21天和28天后试验组FMA评分与对照组均无明显差异(P>0.05)。
3.BI指数：试验组和对照组治疗14天、2l天和28天后BI指数均显著高于治疗前BI指数(P<0.05),而治疗7天后与治疗前无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗7天、14天、21天和28天后试验组BI指数与对照组BI指数均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。治疗28天后两组患者日常生活活动能力分型比较无显著性差别(P>0.05)。
4.FCA：试验组和对照组治疗21天和28天后FCA评分均显著高于治疗前FCA评分(P<0.05),而治疗7天和14天后与治疗前无显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗7天、14天、21天和28天后试验组FCA评分与对照组FCA评分均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
结论：(1)“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫具有确切的临床疗效,与现代康复疗法临床疗效相当。
(2)“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫恢复神经功能比现代康复疗法起效快。
(3)“三位一体”针法治疗缺血性中风偏瘫随着治疗时间的延长具有累加效应。
Part1Summary of He Tian You's academic experience
Objective:To summarize the academic experience of the types of diseases that Professor He Tian You excels at treating.
Methods:Through collecting material concerning He Tian You's academic thinking, clinical experience, clinical and research papers published by He Tian You and his students and by collecting120of He's clinical cases and thoroughly analyzing them, we intend to excavate their academic meaning and explore their clinical pattern.
Results and Conclusions:
1. Chronic prostatitis1.1Acupuncture treatment:(1) Acupoint selection-a fusion of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, developing a new style. Mainly choosing Three-Yin point:Jia Yin1, Jia Yin2and ChongYin.(2) Acupuncture aspect-emphasizing the obtaining of Qi and exceling at using acupuncture manipulation techniques.1.2Chinese herbal medicine treatment:(1) Strictly working out the main formula based on the pathogenesis:Professor He Tian You consider blockage of the Liver Meridian to be the basic pathogenesis of this disease and therefore he often uses soothing the liver and expelling stasis and invigorating blood and relieving pain as main methods, composing this basic herbal formula:chai hu, yu jln, yan hu suo, chuan lian zi, li zhi he, bai hua she she cao, zao jiao ci.(2) Variations based on syndrome differentiation and symptoms:Professor He feels that the main syndrome does not change hence the main formula does not change,but is slightly varied based on the symptoms.
2. Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation2.1Experience summary:(1) Exploring pathogeny and probing into the pathogenesis;(2) Comprehensive traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis, basing the procedure on the disease;(3) Syndrome differentiation in stages and carefully examining the syndrome before giving treatment.2.2Personal insight:(1) Emphasizing wholism, treating manifestation and root cause at the same time;(2) Advantageous to treat in stages;(3) Advantageous to use needling methods and to purge and tonify at the same time;(4) Combining convalescence and treatment to avoid relapse.
3. Peripheral facial palsy3.1Experience summary:(1) Early diagnosis, early treatment;(2) Locating the area of the disease and treating it with a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine; Through many years of clinical practice Professor He Tian You has summarized and made the "three stages and five periods" treatment method.(3) Treatment in stages and using a treatment combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine.3.2Personal insight:(1) selecting traditional Chinese or Western medicine according to need;(2) Considering the whole and combining acupuncture and herbal medicine;(3) Exceling at using acupuncture, seldom using electro-acupuncture;(4) Comprehensively considerating on causes and predicting the outcome.
4. Cerebral apoplexy4.1Experience summary:(1) Through exploring the pathogeny. he has discovered that the real cause is deficiency in the viscera;(2) One should examine the disease in stages and differentiate between manifestation and root cause, chronic and acute:(3) Combining acupuncture with herbal medicine and finding the evidence to support differentiation of disease and syndrome.4.2Clinical insight:(1) Time is of essence, the sooner one starts with the treatment the better the result will be;(2) Put emphasis on the whole and always go for a comprehensive treatment:(3) Being flexible in your treatment and remembering that there will always be differences between people and difference in time.
5. He Tian You's moxibustion ideology and clinical characteristics5.1Moxibustion ideology:(1) Encouraging the use of moxibustion;(2) Combining acupuncture and moxibustion:(3) Moxibustion can be used for heat syndrome;(4) Combining moxibustion and herbal medicine.5.2Clinical characteristics:(1) Exceling at using moxibustion for treating a number of diseases;(2) Using moxibustion after differentiating the disease and the syndrome;(3) Offen treating stubborn disease with enough fire of moxibustion.
Part two Clinical study of the "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method for poststroke hemiplegia
Objective:To evaluate the "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method on its clinical efficacy and superiority for poststroke hemiplegia.
Method:126patients of poststroke hemiplegia were randomly divided into two groups, the study group which were given the "Sanweiyiti" treatment (63cases) and the control group which were given convalescence treatment (63cases). The study group was given one acupuncture treatment every day, with30minutes of needle retention. They were treated for6days in a row which counts as one treatment period, before they had one day of rest and started with a new treatment period. The control group was given convalescence training once a day; each session would last45minutes. They had6sessions in a row, which counted as a treatment period, and then they rested for one day before they started with the next treatment period. On the7th,14th,21st and28th day statistical notes of the clinical efficacy was taken. We used the NDS score, Fugl-Meyer score (FMA score), ADL score (Barthel index) and the FCA score to indicate the recovery of the limbs functions.
Results:
1."NDS:After7.14,21and28days the NDS score in the study group was clearly lower than before treatment (P<0.05).while for the control group the NDS score was clearly lower after21and28days then before treatment (P<0.05),but without any significant difference after7and14days (P>0.05). After7and14days of treatment the NDS score for the study group was clearly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), however after21and28days of treatment there were no significant difference in the NDS score of the two groups (P>0.05), And after28days of treatment the difference in degree of neural damage between the two groups were insignificant (P>0.05)
2. FMA:After14,21and28days of treatment FMA score of both groups was clearly higher than before treatment (P<0.05), but after7days of treatment the difference with FMA score before treatment were of no significance (P>0.05). After7,14,21and28days of treatment there were no significant differences in the FMA score between the two groups (P>0.05)
3. ADL:After14,21and28days of treatment the AQL score for both groups were clearly higher than the ADL score before the treatment (P<0.05).however after7days of treatment there were no significant difference in the AQL score (P>0.05). After7,14,21and28days of treatment the difference in ADL score of the two groups were of no significance (P>0.05).After28days of treatment there were no significant difference in the daily life ability of the subjects in both groups (P>0.05)
4. FCA:After21and28days of treatment the FCA score was clearly higher than that before treatment for both groups (P<0.05),while after7and14days of treatment there were no significant difference in the FCA score (P>0.05). And after7,14,21and28days of treatment there were no significant differences in the FCA score between the two groups (P>0.05)
Conclusions:
(1) The "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method has a certain clinical efficacy for poststroke hemiplegia and has no difference in clinical efficacy from modern convalescence treatment.
(2) The "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method has works faster than modern convalescence treatment when it comes to treat poststroke hemiplegia.
(3) The "Sanweiyiti" acupuncture method has the ability to build up efficacy with the extension of time when used for poststroke hemiplegia.
引文
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27.金智秀,图哑,洪银珠,等.头针、体针和针药结合治疗对全脑缺血大鼠钙调素活性即刻影响的比较研究[J].针刺研究,2004,29,(1)：18-21.
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3.王兴林.高继亭脑病变的部位及大小与Brunnstrom偏瘫恢复阶段及痉挛程度的关系[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2003；2(25)2：209-12.
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8.连玲霞,殷春萍，王长垠.振痿方对脑卒中软瘫期肌张力及预后的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2010,17(6)：11-13.
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2.胡有谷.严格掌握手术指征,提高手术质量[J].中华骨科杂志,1996,16(7：411-442.
3.肖亮,彭海东,蔡清萍.电针参数对针麻镇痛效果的影响[J].针刺研究,2006,31(6)：372-374.
4.何天有,王玉明.华佗夹脊治百病[M].中国中医药科技出版社,2008：23-24.
5.位孟元,宫子超.针刺治疗面瘫的体会[J].山东中医杂志,1997,16(8)：58.
6.罗琼,刘燕婷,王苗,等.周围性面瘫针刺治疗时机探要[J].实用中医内科杂志,2011,25(1)：84-85.
7.郑魁山.郑氏针灸全集[M].人民卫生出版社,2000：128-129.
8.方向华.中国卒中的流行现状及其影响冈素[J].中国脑血管病杂志,2004,1(5)：233-237.
9.何天有.“三位一体”针法治疗中风后遗症疗效观察.针灸临床杂志,2010.26(11)：34-36.
10.全国第四届脑血管病学术会议[J].中华神经科杂志.1996,2(6)：379-381.
11.国家中医药管理局脑病急症协作组.中风病诊断与疗效评定标准(试行)[J].北京中医药大学学报,1996,19(1)：55-56.
12.李国春,沈其君SPSS编程在随机化技术中的应用[J].中国卫生统计,2004；21(4)：237-238.
13.王前新.康复医学[M].人民卫生出版社,2004,268-269.
14.饶明俐.中国脑血管病防止指南[M],人民卫生出版社,2005,86-89.
15.刘钦刚,贾晓.偏瘫膝关节分离运动强化训练的效果[J].中国康复医学杂志,1996,11：221.
16. KERR JFR,WYLLIE AH,CURRIE AR.Apoptsis:a basis biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implicating in tissue kinetics[J].Br J Cancer,1972,26:239.
17.FIRESTEIN GS,YEO M,ZRA1RRLER NT.Apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis symorium[J].J Clini Imrdsl,1995,96:1631-1638.
18.LI SH.Suppressive effects of A Heabal Formula TBL-1 on Type Ⅱ Collagen-induced Arthritis in DBA/IJ Mice[J].Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology,1996,23:236-240.
19.孙红胜,陈钧,庞新强,等.类风湿关节炎细胞凋亡研究进展[J].中华风湿病杂志,2000,4(3)：181-183.
20.胡万保,罗祖明,商慧芳.脑卒中4种评定量表的效度、信度及可操作性检验.中国临床康复,2002,6(19)：2846-2847.
21.中华神经科学会.脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损程度评分标准[J].华神经科杂志,1996,29(6)：381-383.
22.王新,王拥军,颜振瀛,等.脑卒中患者临床神经功能缺损评分标准的信度和效度研究[J].卒中与神经疾病,1999,6(3)：148-150.
23.王玉成.康复评定学.人民下生出版礼,2008,457：458.
24.Mahoney FI,Barthel. Functional evaluation:the Barthel index.Md Med J,1965,14:61.
25.Keith RA,Granger CV,Hamilton BB,et al.The functional independence measure:a new tool for rehabilitation. In:Eisenberg M,Grzesiak R. eds. Advances in clinical rehabilitation. New York.Springer Verlag,1987:6-18.
26.胡永善,吴毅,范文可,等.FCA量表与FIM量表的比较研究[J].中国康复医学杂志,2004,19(3)：229.
27.金智秀,图哑,洪银珠,等.头针、体针和针药结合治疗对全脑缺血大鼠钙调素活性即刻影响的比较研究[J].针刺研究,2004,29,(1)：18-21.
1.王志静.脑卒中流行病学分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2003,24(2)：73-74.
2.方向华.中国卒中的流行现状及其影响因素[J].中国脑血管病杂志,2004,1(5)：233-237.
3.王兴林.高继亭脑病变的部位及大小与Brunnstrom偏瘫恢复阶段及痉挛程度的关系[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2003；2(25)2：209-12.
4.王茂斌.脑卒中康复医疗的进展和一些建议[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2000；22(2)：9-11.
5.Jorgensen HS,et al.Outcome and time course of recovery in stroke part I:outcome,The Copenhagen stroke study.Arch phys Med Rehabili,1995,76:399.
6.王刚.临床作业疗法学[M],华夏出版社,2004；302-11.
7.励建安.临床运动疗法学[M],华夏出版社,2004；58-71.
8.连玲霞,殷春萍，王长垠.振痿方对脑卒中软瘫期肌张力及预后的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2010,17(6)：11-13.
9.蔡业峰,苏巧珍,黄培新.舒筋汤治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫疗效评价[J].国际医药卫生导报,2002(6)：67-68.
10.张艳霞,刘岩,卢仁彬.中西医结合治疗痉挛性偏瘫临床床体会[J].中国中医急症,2007,16(5)：611.
11.李思.张智龙教授治疗中风偏瘫痉挛状态经验[J].陕西中医2010,9(31)：117-119.
12.王宝亮,杨晶.中风硬瘫中医治疗的现状[J].中国实用神经疾病杂志,2007,10(5)：111-112.
13.凌方明,陈景亮,高敏.养阴熄风通络法治疗脑卒中后痉挛性瘫痪的临床研究[J].中西医结合心脑血管病杂志,2003,1(2)：97-98.
14.郭志玲.祛痰逐瘀法治疗中风后痉挛瘫痪36例临床观察[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2000,7(6)：57.
15.吴红专,朱文宗.抗挛合剂治疗中风偏瘫后肌痉挛的临床观察[J].湖北中医杂志,2002,24(5)：10.
16.彭淑芬.中药酒浴康复治疗中风偏瘫140例[J].中医外治杂志,2006,15(3)：24-25.
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