工程失败知识管理及预警研究
|
摘要
工程失败知识管理及预警研究在国际上刚刚开始。本文在国家自然科学基金项目《失败学理论方法与建筑工程失败检测预警研究》(70171049)的支持下,对失败知识管理及工程失败预警进行研究,论文研究工作具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
本文分析了知识管理及其研究现状。探讨了知识管理的过程。对知识管理过程的知识生产、知识共享、知识应用、知识创新进行了分析。探讨了知识管理的过程沿知识螺旋上升的本质。指出建设业知识按知识范畴可分为领域知识、组织知识和项目知识;按知识实践来源,建设业知识可分为最佳实践知识、失败知识和其他知识,其中最佳实践知识和失败知识是建设业知识管理的重点。根据建设业特点,提出建设业知识管理战略为:建设业知识管理的基础是建立行业的学习机制,对最佳实践知识和失败知识的管理是建设业知识管理的两个重点,建设业知识管理的三个角色是建设业行业管理机构、从业团体和IT技术提供者。
分析了知识库的构建方法和知识库系统的构成;针对知识表达进行研究,主要探讨了神经网络知识表达方式和应用;指出基于神经网络的专家系统实现了知识表示、存储和推理三者融为一体,具有自组织、自学习和自适应的特点。将神经网络在建筑业知识表达、知识获取中进行应用,采用神经网络对建筑工程工料估算进行知识表达、知识获取应用研究,得到较好的效果。
分析了建筑业传统总结经验知识方法的特点,提出了完善的项目学习方法应该具有的特点。建立了基于事件的项目学习方法,此方法以事件的控制过程为核心,通过分析、学习、再工程关键活动将关于事件的信息层逐步引伸到关于事件的知识层,使团队能够在日常的管理活动中不断的积累经验知识,形成一个持续的学习过程。
探讨了知识管理系统设计原则、知识管理系统的的特征、知识管理系统的功能、知识管理系统的的组成、知识管理系统的结构、企业知识管理系统的评价体系,并采用层次分析法和专家咨询法对企业知识管理系统评价指标进行了分析。指出我国建筑企业要实施构建适合自己的知识管理系统,应设立知识主管、改进组织结构、建立企业信息化网络、变革企业文化。
探讨了工程失败原因及其阶层性,提出了工程项目失败判别指标、工程项目失败影响因素,研究了失败知识化过程和建立失败知识库过程,设计了失败知识库数据表结构和基于PDCA循环知识更新过程。
分析了工程失败的监测预警系统,针对模糊神经网络及其在深基坑变形控制中的应用进行研究,进行了深基坑支护变形的模糊神经网络建模与预测,预测结果说明该方法满足工程实际应用精度要求。
The engineering failure knowledge management and early warning research has just been started recently. Under the support of National Natural Science Fundation Item: Failure theory method and construction engineering failure examination and early warning research (70171049), the text studies failure knowledge management and engineering failure early warning. This research is of great importance both in theory and in practice.
In the text, the author summarized the present research of knowledge management and discussed the process of it, then analyzed the production, sharing, application and innovation of knowledge in the process. The nature of the process is to spiral. The author pointed out that the construction industry knowledge can be divided into domain knowledge, organization knowledge and event knowledge according to the knowledge category; or the best practical knowledge, failure knowledge and other knowledge according to the origin,among which the best practical knowledge and failure knowledge are the key points of constuction industry knowledge management. Considering the characteristics of construction industry, a strategy of constuction industry knowledge management was put forward, with the establishment of the study mechanism being the foundation, the management of the best practical knowledge and failure knowledge being the two key points, the industry govern, the employee group and IT technique promoter being the three participators.
The author also analyzed methods of establishing a knowledge base and constitutions of knowledge base system. Researches on expressions of knowledge were carried on, mainly discussing knowledge expression methods for neural network and its application. Based on neural network,the expert system accomplished the purpose that to combine expression,storage with reasoning, and it’s self-organizing, self-learning and self-adapting. We get a good result when using neural network for knowledge expression and possession in construction material estimation.
This text analyzed the characters of conventional method of summarizing experience and knowledge of constraction industry, then presumed characters of a perfect learning method. A method was established based on events with controlling process as the key. This method transit from the information layer to the knowledge layer by analyzing, learning and reengineering. It helps to accumulate experience and knowledge gradually in daily management and to form a learning circle.
The text studied design principles, characters, functions, structure and evaluation system of knowledge management system, and adopted the layer analysis method to evaluate enterprise knowledge management system. The author suggested that construction enterprises of China establish suitable knowledge management system, they ought to erect a position for knowledge director , improve the structure of the organization,establish an information-based network,and change the corporation culture. In the text,categories of failure and its cause were introduced. Index and influencing factors of engineering failure werw involved. The process of failure experience turning into knowledge and the process of establishing failure knowledge base were discussed. The data form structure of failure knowledge base and renew process of knowledge based on PDCA were designed.
The author introduced engineering failure early warning system, studied fuzzy neural network and its application in deep pit deformation control. A fuzzy neural network modle was set up, aiming to forecast deep pit deformation. The result showed that the accuracy of this method may satisfy practical projects.
本文分析了知识管理及其研究现状。探讨了知识管理的过程。对知识管理过程的知识生产、知识共享、知识应用、知识创新进行了分析。探讨了知识管理的过程沿知识螺旋上升的本质。指出建设业知识按知识范畴可分为领域知识、组织知识和项目知识;按知识实践来源,建设业知识可分为最佳实践知识、失败知识和其他知识,其中最佳实践知识和失败知识是建设业知识管理的重点。根据建设业特点,提出建设业知识管理战略为:建设业知识管理的基础是建立行业的学习机制,对最佳实践知识和失败知识的管理是建设业知识管理的两个重点,建设业知识管理的三个角色是建设业行业管理机构、从业团体和IT技术提供者。
分析了知识库的构建方法和知识库系统的构成;针对知识表达进行研究,主要探讨了神经网络知识表达方式和应用;指出基于神经网络的专家系统实现了知识表示、存储和推理三者融为一体,具有自组织、自学习和自适应的特点。将神经网络在建筑业知识表达、知识获取中进行应用,采用神经网络对建筑工程工料估算进行知识表达、知识获取应用研究,得到较好的效果。
分析了建筑业传统总结经验知识方法的特点,提出了完善的项目学习方法应该具有的特点。建立了基于事件的项目学习方法,此方法以事件的控制过程为核心,通过分析、学习、再工程关键活动将关于事件的信息层逐步引伸到关于事件的知识层,使团队能够在日常的管理活动中不断的积累经验知识,形成一个持续的学习过程。
探讨了知识管理系统设计原则、知识管理系统的的特征、知识管理系统的功能、知识管理系统的的组成、知识管理系统的结构、企业知识管理系统的评价体系,并采用层次分析法和专家咨询法对企业知识管理系统评价指标进行了分析。指出我国建筑企业要实施构建适合自己的知识管理系统,应设立知识主管、改进组织结构、建立企业信息化网络、变革企业文化。
探讨了工程失败原因及其阶层性,提出了工程项目失败判别指标、工程项目失败影响因素,研究了失败知识化过程和建立失败知识库过程,设计了失败知识库数据表结构和基于PDCA循环知识更新过程。
分析了工程失败的监测预警系统,针对模糊神经网络及其在深基坑变形控制中的应用进行研究,进行了深基坑支护变形的模糊神经网络建模与预测,预测结果说明该方法满足工程实际应用精度要求。
The engineering failure knowledge management and early warning research has just been started recently. Under the support of National Natural Science Fundation Item: Failure theory method and construction engineering failure examination and early warning research (70171049), the text studies failure knowledge management and engineering failure early warning. This research is of great importance both in theory and in practice.
In the text, the author summarized the present research of knowledge management and discussed the process of it, then analyzed the production, sharing, application and innovation of knowledge in the process. The nature of the process is to spiral. The author pointed out that the construction industry knowledge can be divided into domain knowledge, organization knowledge and event knowledge according to the knowledge category; or the best practical knowledge, failure knowledge and other knowledge according to the origin,among which the best practical knowledge and failure knowledge are the key points of constuction industry knowledge management. Considering the characteristics of construction industry, a strategy of constuction industry knowledge management was put forward, with the establishment of the study mechanism being the foundation, the management of the best practical knowledge and failure knowledge being the two key points, the industry govern, the employee group and IT technique promoter being the three participators.
The author also analyzed methods of establishing a knowledge base and constitutions of knowledge base system. Researches on expressions of knowledge were carried on, mainly discussing knowledge expression methods for neural network and its application. Based on neural network,the expert system accomplished the purpose that to combine expression,storage with reasoning, and it’s self-organizing, self-learning and self-adapting. We get a good result when using neural network for knowledge expression and possession in construction material estimation.
This text analyzed the characters of conventional method of summarizing experience and knowledge of constraction industry, then presumed characters of a perfect learning method. A method was established based on events with controlling process as the key. This method transit from the information layer to the knowledge layer by analyzing, learning and reengineering. It helps to accumulate experience and knowledge gradually in daily management and to form a learning circle.
The text studied design principles, characters, functions, structure and evaluation system of knowledge management system, and adopted the layer analysis method to evaluate enterprise knowledge management system. The author suggested that construction enterprises of China establish suitable knowledge management system, they ought to erect a position for knowledge director , improve the structure of the organization,establish an information-based network,and change the corporation culture. In the text,categories of failure and its cause were introduced. Index and influencing factors of engineering failure werw involved. The process of failure experience turning into knowledge and the process of establishing failure knowledge base were discussed. The data form structure of failure knowledge base and renew process of knowledge based on PDCA were designed.
The author introduced engineering failure early warning system, studied fuzzy neural network and its application in deep pit deformation control. A fuzzy neural network modle was set up, aiming to forecast deep pit deformation. The result showed that the accuracy of this method may satisfy practical projects.
引文
[1] 樊治平. 知识管理研究. 黑龙江: 东北大学出版社,2003. 20-25
[2] Nonaka I. , Takeuchi H. The knowledge creating company. Oxford: Oxford University Press,2000. 15-30
[3] Goldblatt D. Knowledge and the social science: theory,method and practice. London: Routledge Press,2000. 122-130
[4] 杨善林, 傅为忠, 董军. 智能决策支持系统增量式知识库系统的研究. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版). 2004(4): 339-343
[5] 岳建平, 雷伟刚. 基于规则与人工神经网络的大坝安全监控混合知识库研究. 水利学报, 2001(5): 25-30
[6] 钟义信, 潘新安, 杨义先等. 智能理论与技术—人工智能与神经网络. 北京: 人民邮电出版社,1992. 41-54
[7] 胡守仁. 神经网络导论. 北京: 国防工业出版社,1992. 225-230
[8] 韦巍. 面向对象的时态知识表达模型研究与应用(硕士论文). 广东工业大学, 2003. 55-60
[9] Brent Gallupe. Knowledge management systems , surveying the landscape. International Journal of Management Review,2001(3): 61-77
[10] Peter Meso,Robert Smith. A resource - based view of organizational knowledge management system. Journal of Knowledge Management,2000(3): 224–234
[11] 乐飞红. 公司知识管理系统. 图书情报工作, 2000(5): 42-45
[12] 袁红清. 基于 Notes 群件技术的知识管理系统. 宁波大学学报, 2000(1): 77-79
[13] 邱晖, 孙政顺. 知识管理系统的构建及其策略. 计算机工程与应用, 2001(1): 52-54
[14] Davenport T.H.,Prusak L. Working knowledge: how organizations manage what they know. Boston: Harvard Business School Press,1998. 65-72
[15] Peter H. The effects of knowledge management systems on emergent teams: towards a research model. Journal of Strategic Information Systems,2000(9): 175-191
[16] 丁蔚. 知识管理系统——建立学习型组织的工具. 图书情报工作, 2001(6): 5-8
[17] Sprague R. H. A framework for the development of decision support systems. Information systems management,2001(3): 12-16
[18] Ruggles R. Knowledge tools: using technology to manage knowledge better, Information systems management,2000(1): 11-15
[19] Lee S. M.,Hong S. An enterprise - wide knowledge management system infrastructure. Industrial Management and Data Systems,2002(1): 17-25
[20] 朱晓峰,朗诵真. 知识管理系统初探. 情报理论与实践,1999(4): 245-247
[21] 刘昊,秦促虎. 企业知识管理系统建设. 广东社会科学,2001(6): 19-22
[22] Joseph M. Enterprise knowledge management modeling and distributed knowledge management systems. Http: PP www. dkms. com
[23] DeSanctis G.,Gallupe R. B. Group decision support systems: a new frontier. Information systems management,1985(4): 3-10
[24] 马海群. 论知识经济 ?知 识管理与知识产权. 图书情报知识, 2000(2): 2-6
[25] Brent J. Building knowledge management systems. Information systems management,2002(3): 32-40
[26] 徐勇. 知识管理: 如何构建中国的知识型企业. 广州: 广东经济出版社,1999. 45-52
[27] 李克, 白庆华. 基于 XML 知识管理系统的研究. 计算机与现代化,2001(3): 13-18
[28] 焦彦龙. 中国企业建立完善知识管理系统的应对措施. 河北经济研究, 2001(8): 6-9
[29] 杨阳. 基于 ISO9000 的知识管理系统研究(博士论文). 保存地点:天津大学, 2003: 67-78
[30] 畑村洋太郎. 技术的创造与失败. 李明译. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社,2003.78-89
[31] 畑村洋太郎. 失败学. 高倩艺译. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社,2000. 25-30
[32] Mun G. Learning from Failure. Greenwich,CT:JAI Press,2002. 34-45
[33] 文援朝. 失败论. 沈阳: 辽宁人民出版社,1994. 134-140
[34] 金磊曾. 失误学与人为灾害研究导论. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社,1992. 88-96
[35] 仲景冰, 李惠强. 工程失败的路径及风险源因素的 FTA 分析方法. 华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2003(3): 61-64
[36] 李惠强, 吴贤国. 失败学与工程失败预警. 土木工程学报,2003(9): 91-95
[37] 李惠强, 吴静. 深基坑支护结构安全预警系统研究. 华中科技大学学报(城市科学版), 2002(3): 61-64
[38] 程楠. 模糊神经网络在深基坑变形预报中的应用研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 郑州大学,2002. 34-45
[39] 张健. 模糊神经网络模型算法研究与应用(博士论文). 保存地点: 大庆石油学院,2002. 67-74
[40] 李兆福. 模糊神经网络及其应用(博士论文). 保存地点:南京理工大学,2003. 54-67
[41] Yakup Demir,Aysegul Ucar. Modeling and simulation with neural and fuzzy-neural networks of switched circuits. Compel ABI,Inform Global,2003. 134-145
[42] Sun G., Dagli C. H., Thammano A. Dynamic neuro-fuzzy control of the nonlinear process. Computers and Industrial Engineering,1997(10): 406-413
[43] Du Timon,Chih-Ting. Computers in Industry. Expert Systems with Applications, 1997(3): 261-270
[44] Jurgen Hollatz. Analogy making in legal reasoning with neural networks and fuzzy logic. Artificial Intelligence,1999(9): 289-302
[45] Graham Prophet. Fuzzy logic and neural nets. Expert Systems with Applications, 2004(1): 21-27
[46] Jay Liebowitz. Knowledge management handbook. Boston: Harvard BusinessSchool Press, 1999. 136-143
[47] 杨善林, 傅为忠, 董军. 智能决策支持系统增量式知识库系统的研究. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2004(4): 339-343
[48] Bloodgood J.M., Salisbury W.D. Understanding the influence of organizational change strategies on information technology and knowledge management strategies. Decision Support Systems,2001(1): 55-69
[49] Yoo Sang Bong, Kim Yeongho. Web-based knowledge management for sharing product data in virtual enterprises. International Journal of Production Economics, 2002(2): 173-183
[50] Halpern M. Capitalizing on knowledge-based engineering , Computer Aided Engineering,2000(2): 47-48
[51] Peter Heisig, Jens Vorbeck. Knowledge management: best practices in Europe New York. Decision Support Systems,2001(3): 5-9
[52] Matratrinis N. F.,Doumpos M.,Zopounidis C. Knowledge acquisition and representation for expert sysrems in the field of financial analysis. Expert Systems with Applications,1997(2): 247-262
[53] Paul K.O.,Daniel S. A multidimensional knowledge structure. Expert Systems with Applications. 1995(2): 177-187
[54] Maryam A.,Dorothy E. L. Review: knowledge management and knowledge management systems: conceptual foundations and research issues. Management Information System,2001(1): 107-13
[55] Hall R. The strategic analysis of intangible resources. Strategic Management Journal,1992(3): 135-144
[56] 吴贤国,蔡心田,王耀华. 建设业知识管理及建筑工程质量知识管理系统. 建筑技术开发,2005(11):34-37
[57] 周新宇. 面向协同锻件产品开发的知识管理系统研究与实践(博士论文). 保存地点: 机械科学研究院,2003. 65-72
[58] David Loshin. Enterprise Knowledge Management: The data quality approach. San Diego: Morgan Kaufmann,2001. 125-133
[59] Swan S.,Scarbrough N.H.,Hislop D. Knowledge management and innovation: networks and networking. Journal of Knowledge Management,1999(3): 262-275
[60] 周军,苏新宁,孔敏等. 概念与模型. 情报学报,2002(10): 14~18
[61] Flood I. , Kartam N. Neural networks in civil engineering: principles and understanding. Journal Computer Civil Engineering,1994(2): 149–162
[62] 吴贤国. 基于人工神经网络的建筑工程工料估算. 系统工程理论与实践,2000(8):128-131
[63] 吴贤国,王耀华,骆汉宾.基于事件的项目学习方法.华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2005(4):40-43
[64] Anumba C.J.,Amor R. A survey and analysis of integrated project databases. Expert Systems with Applications,1999(3): 217-228
[65] Gruber T.R. A translation approach to portable ontologies. San Diego: Morgan Kaufmann,1993. 132-144
[66] 曹光琦, 刘韧磊, 陈怀楚等. GKMS 知识管理系统框架设计及实现方法. 实验技术与管理,2004(3): 34-40
[67] 刘武, 明富. 构建知识管理系统的探讨. 计算机应用研究, 2002(4): 35-31
[68] 李勇, 陈钰, 曹国华. 企业知识管理系统的结构探讨. 重庆大学学报, 2002(11): 14-17
[69] 黄立军. 企业知识管理系统的评价方法. 情报理论与实践,2002(4):273-275
[70] Peter Tyndale. A taxonomy of knowledge management software tools: origins and applications. Expert Systems with Applications,2002(5): 183-190
[71] Anne Massey, Montoya Weiss, Kent Holcom. Re-engineering the customer relationship leveraging knowledge management assets in IBM. Decision Support System,2001(2): 155-170
[72] Gartner Group. Justifying an enterprise knowledge management program. ExpertSystems with Applications,2000(1): 23-28
[73] Ingeborg Knauseder. The client’s project manage——a key-role for knowledge management in construction projects. Decision Support System,2004(5): 45-52
[74] 丁蔚. 企业知识管理系统实施研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 南京大学, 2001. 75-86
[75] 严建援. 知识管理系统与信息管理系统辨析. 南开管理评论,1999(1): 41-46
[76] 夏敬华,金昕. 知识管理. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2003. 68-77
[77] 叶茂林,刘宇. 知识管理理论与运作. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2003. 94-102
[78] 黄强. 建筑企业管理与改制. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社,2002: 252-265
[79] 秦立永, 陈建国. 建设经验数据系统的研究与实现. 管理工程学报, 2003(12): 12-18
[80] Wilkins B., Barrett J. The virtual construction site: A web-based teaching/learning environment in construction technology. Automation in Construction, 2000(10): 169–179
[81] Lee J.N.,Kwok R.W. A fuzzy GSS framework for organizational knowledge acquisition.International Journal of Information Management,2000(6): 383-398
[82] Storey J.,Barnet E. Knowledge management initiatives: learning form failure. Journal of Knowledge Management,2002(2): 145-156
[83] Yee Leung. Intelligent spatial decision support systems,Heidelberg: Springer, 1997: 136-145
[84] 郑七振, 朱斌, 魏林. 从失败工程看土木工程技术与管理进步—土木工程领域中三类失败工程的分析. 上海理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2003(12): 12-20
[85] Noboru Yokoyama,Masahiro Terabe.The proposal of new failure knowledge utilization methods.Journal of Research,2005(1): 42-54
[86] 王志刚. 失败的逻辑. 上海: 上海科技教育出版社,1999. 125-130
[87] Terry R.P., Peter E. Interface agents that learn: an investigation of learning in a mail agent interface. Applied Artificial Intelligence,1997(11): 1-12
[88] Amrit Tiwana. The knowledge management tool: practical techniques for building a knowledge management system. Upper Saddle River,NJ: Prentice Hall PTR,2000. 75-80
[89] 王强. 企业失败研究. 北京: 中国时代经济出版社,2002. 125-130
[90] 李宏. 工程项目管理研究. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社,2004. 254-264
[91] 姜永常. 知识创新与知识服务. 图书与情报,2001(1): 14-18
[92] Sorensen C.,Snis U. Innovation through knowledge codification. Journal of Information Technology,2001(2): 83-97
[93] Hit M. A.,Ireland R. D., Lee H. Technological learning, knowledge management,firm growth and performance. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,2000(7): 231-246
[94] Biren Prasd. Converting computer-integrated manufacturing into an intelligent information system by combining CIM with concurrent engineering and knowledge management. Industrial Management and Data System,2000(7): 301-326
[95] Hashash Y.M.,Whittle A.J. Ground movement prediction for deep excavations in soft clay. Journal of Geotech. Eng.,1996(6): 474–486
[96] Gioda G.,Sakurai S. Back-analysis procedures for the interpretation of field measurements in geomechanics. Journal of Geotech. Eng.,1987 (11): 555–583
[97] Juang C.H.,Lu P.C. Training artificial neural networks with the aid of fuzzy sets. Microcomput. Civ. Eng.,1999(6): 407–415
[98] Choi Jai J. Fuzzy parameter adaptation in neural system,Heidelberg: Springer, 1996. 64-72
[99] 邓跃进. 边坡变形分析与预报的模糊人工神经网络方法. 武汉测绘科技大学学报,1998(3): 24-28
[100] 张小凌, 冉志杰. 深基坑变形的神经网络动态预测. 科技进步与对策,2003(4): 36-40
[101] 潘洪科,饶运章. 神经元网络在基坑工程变形预报中的应用研究. 南方冶金学院学报,2000(8): 46-50
[102] 高永强. 人工神经网络在隧道变形预测中的应用. 石家庄铁路工程职业技术学院学报,2004(3): 32-38
[103] 简艳春. 软土基坑变形估算及其影响因素研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 河海大学, 2001. 75-80
[104] 曾珞亚. 模糊神经网络的应用与研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 广西师范大学, 2000. 62-74
[105] 阳武. 模糊神经网络预报模型的研究. 水电能源科学,2004(3): 14-20
[106] 王士同. 模糊系统 ? 模糊神经网络及应用程序设计. 上海: 上海科技文献出版社,1998. 86-92
[107] 赵振宇. 模糊理论和神经网络的基础与应用. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 1995. 126-130
[108] Min Yuan Cheng,Chien-Ho Ko. Object-oriented evolutionary fuzzy neural inference system for construction management. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2003(4): 34-46
[109] 赵其华等. 地连墙变形的神经网络多步预测研究. 成都理工学院学报, 2002(10): 23-28
[110] 李春桥,马莉. 神经网络及其工程应用. 重庆: 重庆大学出版社, 1996. 135-140
[111] Biren Prasd. Converting computer-integrated manufacturing into an intelligent information system by combining CIM with concurrent engineering and knowledge management. Industrial Management and Data System,2000(7): 301-326
[112] 王宏. 模糊神经网络应用程序设计. 上海: 上海科技文献出版社, 2000. 87-95
[113] 廖瑛, 夏海力. 深基坑支护系统的模糊综合评判. 科技通报, 2004(4): 24-28
[114] Liou T.S.,Wang M.J. Ranking fuzzy numbers with integral value. Decision Support System,1992(10): 247-255
[115] Kaufman A.,Gupta M.M. Introduction to fuzzy arithmetic: theory and applications. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold,1985. 77-85
[116] 李青. 神经网络应用. 重庆: 重庆大学出版社,1998. 184-192
[117] 刘增良. 模糊技术与神经网络技术选编. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 1999. 146-155
[118] 华瑞平. 神经网络在深基坑支护变形预测中的应用. 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2001(6): 12~18
[2] Nonaka I. , Takeuchi H. The knowledge creating company. Oxford: Oxford University Press,2000. 15-30
[3] Goldblatt D. Knowledge and the social science: theory,method and practice. London: Routledge Press,2000. 122-130
[4] 杨善林, 傅为忠, 董军. 智能决策支持系统增量式知识库系统的研究. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版). 2004(4): 339-343
[5] 岳建平, 雷伟刚. 基于规则与人工神经网络的大坝安全监控混合知识库研究. 水利学报, 2001(5): 25-30
[6] 钟义信, 潘新安, 杨义先等. 智能理论与技术—人工智能与神经网络. 北京: 人民邮电出版社,1992. 41-54
[7] 胡守仁. 神经网络导论. 北京: 国防工业出版社,1992. 225-230
[8] 韦巍. 面向对象的时态知识表达模型研究与应用(硕士论文). 广东工业大学, 2003. 55-60
[9] Brent Gallupe. Knowledge management systems , surveying the landscape. International Journal of Management Review,2001(3): 61-77
[10] Peter Meso,Robert Smith. A resource - based view of organizational knowledge management system. Journal of Knowledge Management,2000(3): 224–234
[11] 乐飞红. 公司知识管理系统. 图书情报工作, 2000(5): 42-45
[12] 袁红清. 基于 Notes 群件技术的知识管理系统. 宁波大学学报, 2000(1): 77-79
[13] 邱晖, 孙政顺. 知识管理系统的构建及其策略. 计算机工程与应用, 2001(1): 52-54
[14] Davenport T.H.,Prusak L. Working knowledge: how organizations manage what they know. Boston: Harvard Business School Press,1998. 65-72
[15] Peter H. The effects of knowledge management systems on emergent teams: towards a research model. Journal of Strategic Information Systems,2000(9): 175-191
[16] 丁蔚. 知识管理系统——建立学习型组织的工具. 图书情报工作, 2001(6): 5-8
[17] Sprague R. H. A framework for the development of decision support systems. Information systems management,2001(3): 12-16
[18] Ruggles R. Knowledge tools: using technology to manage knowledge better, Information systems management,2000(1): 11-15
[19] Lee S. M.,Hong S. An enterprise - wide knowledge management system infrastructure. Industrial Management and Data Systems,2002(1): 17-25
[20] 朱晓峰,朗诵真. 知识管理系统初探. 情报理论与实践,1999(4): 245-247
[21] 刘昊,秦促虎. 企业知识管理系统建设. 广东社会科学,2001(6): 19-22
[22] Joseph M. Enterprise knowledge management modeling and distributed knowledge management systems. Http: PP www. dkms. com
[23] DeSanctis G.,Gallupe R. B. Group decision support systems: a new frontier. Information systems management,1985(4): 3-10
[24] 马海群. 论知识经济 ?知 识管理与知识产权. 图书情报知识, 2000(2): 2-6
[25] Brent J. Building knowledge management systems. Information systems management,2002(3): 32-40
[26] 徐勇. 知识管理: 如何构建中国的知识型企业. 广州: 广东经济出版社,1999. 45-52
[27] 李克, 白庆华. 基于 XML 知识管理系统的研究. 计算机与现代化,2001(3): 13-18
[28] 焦彦龙. 中国企业建立完善知识管理系统的应对措施. 河北经济研究, 2001(8): 6-9
[29] 杨阳. 基于 ISO9000 的知识管理系统研究(博士论文). 保存地点:天津大学, 2003: 67-78
[30] 畑村洋太郎. 技术的创造与失败. 李明译. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社,2003.78-89
[31] 畑村洋太郎. 失败学. 高倩艺译. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社,2000. 25-30
[32] Mun G. Learning from Failure. Greenwich,CT:JAI Press,2002. 34-45
[33] 文援朝. 失败论. 沈阳: 辽宁人民出版社,1994. 134-140
[34] 金磊曾. 失误学与人为灾害研究导论. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社,1992. 88-96
[35] 仲景冰, 李惠强. 工程失败的路径及风险源因素的 FTA 分析方法. 华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2003(3): 61-64
[36] 李惠强, 吴贤国. 失败学与工程失败预警. 土木工程学报,2003(9): 91-95
[37] 李惠强, 吴静. 深基坑支护结构安全预警系统研究. 华中科技大学学报(城市科学版), 2002(3): 61-64
[38] 程楠. 模糊神经网络在深基坑变形预报中的应用研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 郑州大学,2002. 34-45
[39] 张健. 模糊神经网络模型算法研究与应用(博士论文). 保存地点: 大庆石油学院,2002. 67-74
[40] 李兆福. 模糊神经网络及其应用(博士论文). 保存地点:南京理工大学,2003. 54-67
[41] Yakup Demir,Aysegul Ucar. Modeling and simulation with neural and fuzzy-neural networks of switched circuits. Compel ABI,Inform Global,2003. 134-145
[42] Sun G., Dagli C. H., Thammano A. Dynamic neuro-fuzzy control of the nonlinear process. Computers and Industrial Engineering,1997(10): 406-413
[43] Du Timon,Chih-Ting. Computers in Industry. Expert Systems with Applications, 1997(3): 261-270
[44] Jurgen Hollatz. Analogy making in legal reasoning with neural networks and fuzzy logic. Artificial Intelligence,1999(9): 289-302
[45] Graham Prophet. Fuzzy logic and neural nets. Expert Systems with Applications, 2004(1): 21-27
[46] Jay Liebowitz. Knowledge management handbook. Boston: Harvard BusinessSchool Press, 1999. 136-143
[47] 杨善林, 傅为忠, 董军. 智能决策支持系统增量式知识库系统的研究. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2004(4): 339-343
[48] Bloodgood J.M., Salisbury W.D. Understanding the influence of organizational change strategies on information technology and knowledge management strategies. Decision Support Systems,2001(1): 55-69
[49] Yoo Sang Bong, Kim Yeongho. Web-based knowledge management for sharing product data in virtual enterprises. International Journal of Production Economics, 2002(2): 173-183
[50] Halpern M. Capitalizing on knowledge-based engineering , Computer Aided Engineering,2000(2): 47-48
[51] Peter Heisig, Jens Vorbeck. Knowledge management: best practices in Europe New York. Decision Support Systems,2001(3): 5-9
[52] Matratrinis N. F.,Doumpos M.,Zopounidis C. Knowledge acquisition and representation for expert sysrems in the field of financial analysis. Expert Systems with Applications,1997(2): 247-262
[53] Paul K.O.,Daniel S. A multidimensional knowledge structure. Expert Systems with Applications. 1995(2): 177-187
[54] Maryam A.,Dorothy E. L. Review: knowledge management and knowledge management systems: conceptual foundations and research issues. Management Information System,2001(1): 107-13
[55] Hall R. The strategic analysis of intangible resources. Strategic Management Journal,1992(3): 135-144
[56] 吴贤国,蔡心田,王耀华. 建设业知识管理及建筑工程质量知识管理系统. 建筑技术开发,2005(11):34-37
[57] 周新宇. 面向协同锻件产品开发的知识管理系统研究与实践(博士论文). 保存地点: 机械科学研究院,2003. 65-72
[58] David Loshin. Enterprise Knowledge Management: The data quality approach. San Diego: Morgan Kaufmann,2001. 125-133
[59] Swan S.,Scarbrough N.H.,Hislop D. Knowledge management and innovation: networks and networking. Journal of Knowledge Management,1999(3): 262-275
[60] 周军,苏新宁,孔敏等. 概念与模型. 情报学报,2002(10): 14~18
[61] Flood I. , Kartam N. Neural networks in civil engineering: principles and understanding. Journal Computer Civil Engineering,1994(2): 149–162
[62] 吴贤国. 基于人工神经网络的建筑工程工料估算. 系统工程理论与实践,2000(8):128-131
[63] 吴贤国,王耀华,骆汉宾.基于事件的项目学习方法.华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2005(4):40-43
[64] Anumba C.J.,Amor R. A survey and analysis of integrated project databases. Expert Systems with Applications,1999(3): 217-228
[65] Gruber T.R. A translation approach to portable ontologies. San Diego: Morgan Kaufmann,1993. 132-144
[66] 曹光琦, 刘韧磊, 陈怀楚等. GKMS 知识管理系统框架设计及实现方法. 实验技术与管理,2004(3): 34-40
[67] 刘武, 明富. 构建知识管理系统的探讨. 计算机应用研究, 2002(4): 35-31
[68] 李勇, 陈钰, 曹国华. 企业知识管理系统的结构探讨. 重庆大学学报, 2002(11): 14-17
[69] 黄立军. 企业知识管理系统的评价方法. 情报理论与实践,2002(4):273-275
[70] Peter Tyndale. A taxonomy of knowledge management software tools: origins and applications. Expert Systems with Applications,2002(5): 183-190
[71] Anne Massey, Montoya Weiss, Kent Holcom. Re-engineering the customer relationship leveraging knowledge management assets in IBM. Decision Support System,2001(2): 155-170
[72] Gartner Group. Justifying an enterprise knowledge management program. ExpertSystems with Applications,2000(1): 23-28
[73] Ingeborg Knauseder. The client’s project manage——a key-role for knowledge management in construction projects. Decision Support System,2004(5): 45-52
[74] 丁蔚. 企业知识管理系统实施研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 南京大学, 2001. 75-86
[75] 严建援. 知识管理系统与信息管理系统辨析. 南开管理评论,1999(1): 41-46
[76] 夏敬华,金昕. 知识管理. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2003. 68-77
[77] 叶茂林,刘宇. 知识管理理论与运作. 北京: 机械工业出版社,2003. 94-102
[78] 黄强. 建筑企业管理与改制. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社,2002: 252-265
[79] 秦立永, 陈建国. 建设经验数据系统的研究与实现. 管理工程学报, 2003(12): 12-18
[80] Wilkins B., Barrett J. The virtual construction site: A web-based teaching/learning environment in construction technology. Automation in Construction, 2000(10): 169–179
[81] Lee J.N.,Kwok R.W. A fuzzy GSS framework for organizational knowledge acquisition.International Journal of Information Management,2000(6): 383-398
[82] Storey J.,Barnet E. Knowledge management initiatives: learning form failure. Journal of Knowledge Management,2002(2): 145-156
[83] Yee Leung. Intelligent spatial decision support systems,Heidelberg: Springer, 1997: 136-145
[84] 郑七振, 朱斌, 魏林. 从失败工程看土木工程技术与管理进步—土木工程领域中三类失败工程的分析. 上海理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2003(12): 12-20
[85] Noboru Yokoyama,Masahiro Terabe.The proposal of new failure knowledge utilization methods.Journal of Research,2005(1): 42-54
[86] 王志刚. 失败的逻辑. 上海: 上海科技教育出版社,1999. 125-130
[87] Terry R.P., Peter E. Interface agents that learn: an investigation of learning in a mail agent interface. Applied Artificial Intelligence,1997(11): 1-12
[88] Amrit Tiwana. The knowledge management tool: practical techniques for building a knowledge management system. Upper Saddle River,NJ: Prentice Hall PTR,2000. 75-80
[89] 王强. 企业失败研究. 北京: 中国时代经济出版社,2002. 125-130
[90] 李宏. 工程项目管理研究. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社,2004. 254-264
[91] 姜永常. 知识创新与知识服务. 图书与情报,2001(1): 14-18
[92] Sorensen C.,Snis U. Innovation through knowledge codification. Journal of Information Technology,2001(2): 83-97
[93] Hit M. A.,Ireland R. D., Lee H. Technological learning, knowledge management,firm growth and performance. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,2000(7): 231-246
[94] Biren Prasd. Converting computer-integrated manufacturing into an intelligent information system by combining CIM with concurrent engineering and knowledge management. Industrial Management and Data System,2000(7): 301-326
[95] Hashash Y.M.,Whittle A.J. Ground movement prediction for deep excavations in soft clay. Journal of Geotech. Eng.,1996(6): 474–486
[96] Gioda G.,Sakurai S. Back-analysis procedures for the interpretation of field measurements in geomechanics. Journal of Geotech. Eng.,1987 (11): 555–583
[97] Juang C.H.,Lu P.C. Training artificial neural networks with the aid of fuzzy sets. Microcomput. Civ. Eng.,1999(6): 407–415
[98] Choi Jai J. Fuzzy parameter adaptation in neural system,Heidelberg: Springer, 1996. 64-72
[99] 邓跃进. 边坡变形分析与预报的模糊人工神经网络方法. 武汉测绘科技大学学报,1998(3): 24-28
[100] 张小凌, 冉志杰. 深基坑变形的神经网络动态预测. 科技进步与对策,2003(4): 36-40
[101] 潘洪科,饶运章. 神经元网络在基坑工程变形预报中的应用研究. 南方冶金学院学报,2000(8): 46-50
[102] 高永强. 人工神经网络在隧道变形预测中的应用. 石家庄铁路工程职业技术学院学报,2004(3): 32-38
[103] 简艳春. 软土基坑变形估算及其影响因素研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 河海大学, 2001. 75-80
[104] 曾珞亚. 模糊神经网络的应用与研究(博士论文). 保存地点: 广西师范大学, 2000. 62-74
[105] 阳武. 模糊神经网络预报模型的研究. 水电能源科学,2004(3): 14-20
[106] 王士同. 模糊系统 ? 模糊神经网络及应用程序设计. 上海: 上海科技文献出版社,1998. 86-92
[107] 赵振宇. 模糊理论和神经网络的基础与应用. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 1995. 126-130
[108] Min Yuan Cheng,Chien-Ho Ko. Object-oriented evolutionary fuzzy neural inference system for construction management. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2003(4): 34-46
[109] 赵其华等. 地连墙变形的神经网络多步预测研究. 成都理工学院学报, 2002(10): 23-28
[110] 李春桥,马莉. 神经网络及其工程应用. 重庆: 重庆大学出版社, 1996. 135-140
[111] Biren Prasd. Converting computer-integrated manufacturing into an intelligent information system by combining CIM with concurrent engineering and knowledge management. Industrial Management and Data System,2000(7): 301-326
[112] 王宏. 模糊神经网络应用程序设计. 上海: 上海科技文献出版社, 2000. 87-95
[113] 廖瑛, 夏海力. 深基坑支护系统的模糊综合评判. 科技通报, 2004(4): 24-28
[114] Liou T.S.,Wang M.J. Ranking fuzzy numbers with integral value. Decision Support System,1992(10): 247-255
[115] Kaufman A.,Gupta M.M. Introduction to fuzzy arithmetic: theory and applications. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold,1985. 77-85
[116] 李青. 神经网络应用. 重庆: 重庆大学出版社,1998. 184-192
[117] 刘增良. 模糊技术与神经网络技术选编. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 1999. 146-155
[118] 华瑞平. 神经网络在深基坑支护变形预测中的应用. 解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2001(6): 12~18