高压变频器调制技术的研究与实现
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摘要
随着世界经济快速发展带来的巨大能源消耗,地球能源日益贫乏,人们越来越重视绿色能源的开发与利用,设计高效节能的产品,已经成为一个越来越受关注的研究课题。高压变频器在大功率交流调速电机控制中既起到了节能作用,同时与传统的电机运行性能相比,有了很大的改善。电力电子技术的快速发展,传统基础数学的深入研究和高级人工智能的广泛应用,大大地促进了控制技术的发展,高压变频器调制控制技术是高压变频器研究的一个重要内容。
本论文以阶梯波调制技术和SPWM调制技术为研究内容,考虑到阶梯波调制技术可以在基波频率上进行调制,能有效地减少开关损耗,同时可降低对器件耐压能力要求,通过开关角的合理组合,方波的叠加可以很好地抵消含量较大的低次谐波,这种调制方法能明显改善波形质量。但研究结果表明,在使用指定谐波消除法时,需要求解一组极为复杂的多元非线性方程组,目前尚无成熟可靠的求解方法,故阶梯波调制算法在实际使用时难以满足实时性要求。
SPWM调制技术是通过正弦调制信号与三角载波信号相比较,得到一系列不同宽度的脉冲,根据冲量相等的原理,得到所需的近似正弦波。本论文比较分析了级联型高压变频器常用调制算法,对载波错位移相SPWM技术做了数学分析与仿真,对目前常用的三种采样法所得电压波形作了比对分析。在此基础上,运用了三角载波幅度调制与正弦调制波幅度调制等效原理和正弦调制波移位与三角载波移位等效原理,使用分时复用技术减少硬件资源的使用来产生多路SPWM信号,再结合载波错位移相技术,设计了基于FPGA的多通道SPWM信号发生器,并进行了应用测试。
With the rapid development of the economy, it brings huge energy consumption in earth's resource, at the same time, increasing lack of green energy, people pay more attention to the development and design utilization of energy efficient products, has become a growing concerned research topic. High-voltage inverter in high speed power AC motor control system played the energy-saving effect, but with the traditional motor operating performance, compared to a big improvement. As the rapid process of power electronic technology, the traditional basic math research deeply and the wide application of advanced artificial intelligence, the high-voltage inverter modulation is an important research element of the high-voltage inverter.
The staircase modulation technology and SPWM modulation technology are studied in this paper. Considering the staircase can be controlled in fundamental frequency, the switch loss can be effectively reduced, at the same time, the device's voltage pressure standard, through the reasonable combination of switch angles, the superposition of square wave can be a very good offset for the high content of low harmonic, this control method can be obviously improve the waveform quality. In the course of the study, the mathematical model of harmonic elimination method is a set of extremely complex nonlinear multi-objective equations, there is still no mature solution method, so the staircase modulation technology is difficult to meet the real-time requirement of the actual usage.
SPWM modulation technology is through the sine modulation signal compared with the triangle carrier signal, to generate a series of different width pulse, according to the principle of equal impulse, to get the approximate sine wave. This paper analysis of the commonly used control algorithms for the cascade inverter with high-voltage, made a comparative analysis of the output voltage waveform for the three sampling method, take an analysis of carrier phase shifting SPWM technology. Based on these analysis, principle of triangle carrier amplitude modulation equivalent with sinusoidal modulator amplitude modulation, and principle of sinusoidal modulator phase-shifting equivalent with the triangle carrier phase-shifting are proposed, using time-division multiplexed access to reduce the use of hardware resources to generate a multi-channel SPWM signal, then combined with the carrier phase shifting SPWM technology, designed the multi-channel SPWM generator based on FPGA, and carried out the application test.
本论文以阶梯波调制技术和SPWM调制技术为研究内容,考虑到阶梯波调制技术可以在基波频率上进行调制,能有效地减少开关损耗,同时可降低对器件耐压能力要求,通过开关角的合理组合,方波的叠加可以很好地抵消含量较大的低次谐波,这种调制方法能明显改善波形质量。但研究结果表明,在使用指定谐波消除法时,需要求解一组极为复杂的多元非线性方程组,目前尚无成熟可靠的求解方法,故阶梯波调制算法在实际使用时难以满足实时性要求。
SPWM调制技术是通过正弦调制信号与三角载波信号相比较,得到一系列不同宽度的脉冲,根据冲量相等的原理,得到所需的近似正弦波。本论文比较分析了级联型高压变频器常用调制算法,对载波错位移相SPWM技术做了数学分析与仿真,对目前常用的三种采样法所得电压波形作了比对分析。在此基础上,运用了三角载波幅度调制与正弦调制波幅度调制等效原理和正弦调制波移位与三角载波移位等效原理,使用分时复用技术减少硬件资源的使用来产生多路SPWM信号,再结合载波错位移相技术,设计了基于FPGA的多通道SPWM信号发生器,并进行了应用测试。
With the rapid development of the economy, it brings huge energy consumption in earth's resource, at the same time, increasing lack of green energy, people pay more attention to the development and design utilization of energy efficient products, has become a growing concerned research topic. High-voltage inverter in high speed power AC motor control system played the energy-saving effect, but with the traditional motor operating performance, compared to a big improvement. As the rapid process of power electronic technology, the traditional basic math research deeply and the wide application of advanced artificial intelligence, the high-voltage inverter modulation is an important research element of the high-voltage inverter.
The staircase modulation technology and SPWM modulation technology are studied in this paper. Considering the staircase can be controlled in fundamental frequency, the switch loss can be effectively reduced, at the same time, the device's voltage pressure standard, through the reasonable combination of switch angles, the superposition of square wave can be a very good offset for the high content of low harmonic, this control method can be obviously improve the waveform quality. In the course of the study, the mathematical model of harmonic elimination method is a set of extremely complex nonlinear multi-objective equations, there is still no mature solution method, so the staircase modulation technology is difficult to meet the real-time requirement of the actual usage.
SPWM modulation technology is through the sine modulation signal compared with the triangle carrier signal, to generate a series of different width pulse, according to the principle of equal impulse, to get the approximate sine wave. This paper analysis of the commonly used control algorithms for the cascade inverter with high-voltage, made a comparative analysis of the output voltage waveform for the three sampling method, take an analysis of carrier phase shifting SPWM technology. Based on these analysis, principle of triangle carrier amplitude modulation equivalent with sinusoidal modulator amplitude modulation, and principle of sinusoidal modulator phase-shifting equivalent with the triangle carrier phase-shifting are proposed, using time-division multiplexed access to reduce the use of hardware resources to generate a multi-channel SPWM signal, then combined with the carrier phase shifting SPWM technology, designed the multi-channel SPWM generator based on FPGA, and carried out the application test.
引文
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