长沙低碳生态城市建设评价体系研究
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摘要
全球温室气体排放总量已由1970年的287亿吨二氧化碳当量增加到2004年的490亿吨,远远超出过去65万年自然变化范围,全球气候变暖已是无可争议的事实。国际能源机构IEA指出,城市是CO2排放量增长的主要来源,合理调节城市经济及能源消耗结构,促使城市走低碳化发展路线已成为国际社会的共识。目前,我国正处于城市化高速发展阶段,如何在推动经济发展的同时减少碳排放量,实现人与自然和谐持续发展成为亟待解决的问题。
本文在明确低碳生态城市概念和内涵的基础上,参考国内外生态城市及低碳城市建模评价的思路和方法,提出低碳生态城市建设评价指标的构建原则,并以此为基础采用层次分析法构建低碳生态城市建设评价体系,该指标体系包括自然系统、经济系统、社会系统三个层次,共38项指标。其次,运用该指标体系对长沙市低碳生态化建设情况进行实证分析,研究结果显示：2004年-2009年长沙市低碳生态化指数值分别为0.7805、0.8121、0.8644、0.9259、0.9991、1.0215处于上升阶段,城市生态环境良好,构建低碳生态城市建设的潜力较大。但单位能耗、城市人均用水量、旅游业占GDP的比重等具体指标数值远超出国家标准。最后本文分别从自然、经济、社会、能源等各个领域提出长沙低碳生态城市建设的主要内容和一些简要发展对策,希望对长沙低碳生态城市建设有所帮助。
The gas emission of carbon dioxide of the global greenhouse is amounted from 28.7 billion tons to 490 million tons. It is far beyond the range of natural variability over the past 65 years. Global warming is an indisputable fact.
The International Energy Agency pointed out that the main original of CO2 emission's growth comes from cities. The international community has the consensus that the city should adjust the structures of the economy, the energy consumption, and lower carbon development. Nowadays, the urbanization is developed rapidly in China.The problems in this stage include that how to promote economic development while reducing carbon emissions and achieve sustainable development between man and nature.
Firstly, in this paper, we based on the clear concept and meaning of low-carbon and ecological urban, to reference the methods and ideas of the evaluation and model from the low-carbon and ecological urban on domestic and abroad, and to propose the principle of low-carbon and ecological urban construction of evaluation. And to build the Evaluation System based on the hierarchical construction of low-carbon and ecological urban analysis. The index system is amounted to 38 guidelines. It is including three aspects:natural system, economic system and social system.
Secondly, we use the index system to analyze empirically the low-carbon and ecological construction in Changsha. The results from the index 0.7805,0.8121,0.8644, 0.9259,0.9991,1.0215. It showed the increase of the low-carbon and ecological index in Changsha from 2004 to 2009.The urban ecological environment is more better, the potential of the build low-carbon and ecological urban construction is more enormous. However, the energy consumption, per capita water consumption in urban, the tourism industry and other specific target value are far behind the national standard in the proportion of GDP.
Finally, we make some main contents and the developing strategies from the natural, economic, social and energy fields to help the build of low-carbon and ecological Changsha.
本文在明确低碳生态城市概念和内涵的基础上,参考国内外生态城市及低碳城市建模评价的思路和方法,提出低碳生态城市建设评价指标的构建原则,并以此为基础采用层次分析法构建低碳生态城市建设评价体系,该指标体系包括自然系统、经济系统、社会系统三个层次,共38项指标。其次,运用该指标体系对长沙市低碳生态化建设情况进行实证分析,研究结果显示：2004年-2009年长沙市低碳生态化指数值分别为0.7805、0.8121、0.8644、0.9259、0.9991、1.0215处于上升阶段,城市生态环境良好,构建低碳生态城市建设的潜力较大。但单位能耗、城市人均用水量、旅游业占GDP的比重等具体指标数值远超出国家标准。最后本文分别从自然、经济、社会、能源等各个领域提出长沙低碳生态城市建设的主要内容和一些简要发展对策,希望对长沙低碳生态城市建设有所帮助。
The gas emission of carbon dioxide of the global greenhouse is amounted from 28.7 billion tons to 490 million tons. It is far beyond the range of natural variability over the past 65 years. Global warming is an indisputable fact.
The International Energy Agency pointed out that the main original of CO2 emission's growth comes from cities. The international community has the consensus that the city should adjust the structures of the economy, the energy consumption, and lower carbon development. Nowadays, the urbanization is developed rapidly in China.The problems in this stage include that how to promote economic development while reducing carbon emissions and achieve sustainable development between man and nature.
Firstly, in this paper, we based on the clear concept and meaning of low-carbon and ecological urban, to reference the methods and ideas of the evaluation and model from the low-carbon and ecological urban on domestic and abroad, and to propose the principle of low-carbon and ecological urban construction of evaluation. And to build the Evaluation System based on the hierarchical construction of low-carbon and ecological urban analysis. The index system is amounted to 38 guidelines. It is including three aspects:natural system, economic system and social system.
Secondly, we use the index system to analyze empirically the low-carbon and ecological construction in Changsha. The results from the index 0.7805,0.8121,0.8644, 0.9259,0.9991,1.0215. It showed the increase of the low-carbon and ecological index in Changsha from 2004 to 2009.The urban ecological environment is more better, the potential of the build low-carbon and ecological urban construction is more enormous. However, the energy consumption, per capita water consumption in urban, the tourism industry and other specific target value are far behind the national standard in the proportion of GDP.
Finally, we make some main contents and the developing strategies from the natural, economic, social and energy fields to help the build of low-carbon and ecological Changsha.
引文
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