cdma2000-1x系统下行链路接收处理模块的设计与实现
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摘要
目前在移动通信领域中,cdma2000-1x系统应该说是最成熟、商用化最快的CDMA技术,已在全球范围内广泛应用,特别在中国cdma2000-1x网络拥有三千五百万的用户。在这种cdma2000-1x广泛应用的驱使下,对网络非配合条件下的cdma2000-1x上、下行链路信号的接收处理,因CDMA网络采用功率控制技术,所以其实现有很大的技术难度,对该技术的研究具有一定的研究价值和实用意义。
本课题主要完成网络非配合条件下的cdma2000-1x上、下行链路信号接收处理系统中的下行链路信号接收处理模块(Downlink Receiving and Processing Module,文中以后简称DPM)的设计与实现,包括完成DPM模块的软、硬件设计与实现,以及调试、系统联调等工作。其中,在硬件设计中综合考虑了各种EMI因素,提高了DPM硬件设计的有效性和可靠性,从而保证了系统性能;并完成了基于嵌入式操作系统VxWorks的接口驱动、功能实现等软件设计,深入分析了VxWorks操作系统和MPC860处理器的特点,采用了多任务并行处理方式,进行了任务优先级划分、任务间通信机制选定、简化中断服务程序运行过程,从而提高了处理的实时性、调度的准确性和运行的稳定性。
在系统设计实现的基础上,本文还就DPM中应用的关键技术进行了研究。提出了一种应用于高速多路串口系统中的串口通信机制,有效地提高了多串口通信效率,该部分内容已在核心期刊《电子技术应用》中发表;针对本系统,在分析系统业务数据特点的基础上,提出了多级缓存并行管道式以太网数据封装结构,实现了HDLC数据到UDP数据帧转换协议栈的设计,保证了各个终端数据发送的公平性、独立性,满足了系统实时性要求,并采用了改进的UDP协议栈,充分满足了系统业务的实时性和可靠性要求。
In the mobile communications field, cdma2000-1x system is the most mature technology, and has fast commercial uses. It is widely used in the world. Especially in China, there are thirty-five million consumers of cdma2000-lx network. Driven by such great application of cdma2000-lx system, cdma2000-lx uplink and downlink signal reception and process without network assist is in great need. Because power control technology is used in cdma2000-lx network, so it is hard to realize this, and the research of this technology is valuable and maeningful.
This subject has completed the design and implementation of the cdma2000-lx downlink signal receiving and processing module without network assist (to abbreviate to DPM in this paper), including software and hardware design, implementation and system test. In terms of hardware design, the various EMI factors were considered, and improve the effectiveness and reliability of the subsystem, therefore ensuring the performance of the system. The software designs of driver and some other implementation have been completed based on the embedded system VxWorks. We deeply analyze the characteristics of VxWorks and MPC860 processor, and adopt the multi-task parallel processing. We carry through the task priority division, the task communication mechanisms select and ISR processing reduction. Those methods improve processing real-time, scheduling accuracy and operational stability.
In this paper, we also study on the key technologies used in DPM based on the design and implementation of the system. We proposed a serial communication mechanism applied in high-speed multi-serial system to enhance the efficiency of the serial communication. This part has been published in the "electronic technology"; Baed on the reaearch of the features of the system service data, we proposed a Ethernet data encapsulation structure with multi-level cache parallel pipe, realize the stack design of the transformation of HDLC data to the UDP data, so it can meet the system requirement of real-time and reliability. We also use the improved UDP stack, fully meet to the real-time and reliability requirements.
本课题主要完成网络非配合条件下的cdma2000-1x上、下行链路信号接收处理系统中的下行链路信号接收处理模块(Downlink Receiving and Processing Module,文中以后简称DPM)的设计与实现,包括完成DPM模块的软、硬件设计与实现,以及调试、系统联调等工作。其中,在硬件设计中综合考虑了各种EMI因素,提高了DPM硬件设计的有效性和可靠性,从而保证了系统性能;并完成了基于嵌入式操作系统VxWorks的接口驱动、功能实现等软件设计,深入分析了VxWorks操作系统和MPC860处理器的特点,采用了多任务并行处理方式,进行了任务优先级划分、任务间通信机制选定、简化中断服务程序运行过程,从而提高了处理的实时性、调度的准确性和运行的稳定性。
在系统设计实现的基础上,本文还就DPM中应用的关键技术进行了研究。提出了一种应用于高速多路串口系统中的串口通信机制,有效地提高了多串口通信效率,该部分内容已在核心期刊《电子技术应用》中发表;针对本系统,在分析系统业务数据特点的基础上,提出了多级缓存并行管道式以太网数据封装结构,实现了HDLC数据到UDP数据帧转换协议栈的设计,保证了各个终端数据发送的公平性、独立性,满足了系统实时性要求,并采用了改进的UDP协议栈,充分满足了系统业务的实时性和可靠性要求。
In the mobile communications field, cdma2000-1x system is the most mature technology, and has fast commercial uses. It is widely used in the world. Especially in China, there are thirty-five million consumers of cdma2000-lx network. Driven by such great application of cdma2000-lx system, cdma2000-lx uplink and downlink signal reception and process without network assist is in great need. Because power control technology is used in cdma2000-lx network, so it is hard to realize this, and the research of this technology is valuable and maeningful.
This subject has completed the design and implementation of the cdma2000-lx downlink signal receiving and processing module without network assist (to abbreviate to DPM in this paper), including software and hardware design, implementation and system test. In terms of hardware design, the various EMI factors were considered, and improve the effectiveness and reliability of the subsystem, therefore ensuring the performance of the system. The software designs of driver and some other implementation have been completed based on the embedded system VxWorks. We deeply analyze the characteristics of VxWorks and MPC860 processor, and adopt the multi-task parallel processing. We carry through the task priority division, the task communication mechanisms select and ISR processing reduction. Those methods improve processing real-time, scheduling accuracy and operational stability.
In this paper, we also study on the key technologies used in DPM based on the design and implementation of the system. We proposed a serial communication mechanism applied in high-speed multi-serial system to enhance the efficiency of the serial communication. This part has been published in the "electronic technology"; Baed on the reaearch of the features of the system service data, we proposed a Ethernet data encapsulation structure with multi-level cache parallel pipe, realize the stack design of the transformation of HDLC data to the UDP data, so it can meet the system requirement of real-time and reliability. We also use the improved UDP stack, fully meet to the real-time and reliability requirements.
引文
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[2]3GPP2 C.S0002-D.Physical Layer Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems[S].USA,2004.
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[21]邝坚.Tornado/VxWorks入门与提高[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:144.
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[23]Jamal Hadi Salim,Znyx Networks,Robert Olsson,Beyond Softnet,Proceedings of the 5th Annual Linux Showcase & Conference[J],USA:2001.
[24]K.K.Ramakrishnan.Performance considerations in designing network interfaces[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,1993,vol.11:203-219.
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[26]O.Maquelin,G.R.Gao,H.H.J.Hum,K.B.Theobald,X.Tian.Polling watchdog:Combining polling and interrupts for efficient message handling[J].in Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture.1996,179-188.
[27]Constantinos Dovrolis,Brad Thayer,Parameswaran Ramanathan.HIP:Hybrid Interrupt-Polling for the Network Interface[D].WI:University of Wisconsin-Madison,2000.
[28]林瑶,蒋慧,杜蔚轩.用TCP/IP进行网际互联第一卷[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[29]王亚军,李建文,吉方.基于环形缓冲区的实时系统负载平衡技术[J].计算机应用与软件,2005,22(4):38-39.
[30]胡修林,李喜林,唐祖平.基于嵌入式多任务系统的串口通信[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,5:24-27.
[31]马天佑.CMT系统中设备管理的研究与实现[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2005.
[2]3GPP2 C.S0002-D.Physical Layer Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems[S].USA,2004.
[3]Motorola Inc.MPC860 PowerQUICC User's Manual[M].USA,1999.
[4]Xilinx Inc.XC9572XL High Performance CPLD[M].USA,2000.
[5]Oxford Semiconductor.OX16C954 rev B Data Sheet R1.0[M].UK:Oxon,2001.
[6]M/A-COM Division of AMP Incorporated.Low Cost Four-Way GMIC SMT Power Divider 824-960MHz[M].USA,1998.
[7]Intel Inc.LXT905 Datasheet[M].USA,2001.
[8]PICMG 2.11 R1.0.Compact PCI Power Interface Specification[S].USA:1999.
[9]李竹一.七号信令监测系统硬件平台的设计与实现[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2005.
[10]Mark I.Montrose.EMC and the Printed Circuit Board RC Design,Theory and Layout Made Simple[J].IEEE Press,1996.
[11]Mark I.Montrose.EMC and the Printed Circuit Board:Theory,and Layout Made Simple[M].NY:the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,1999.
[12]Mark Alexander.Power Distribution System(PDS)Design:Using Bypass/Decoupling Capacitors[M].Xilinx Application Note,USA,2004.
[13]王克伟,王均宏.微带线拐角传输及反射特性的研究[J].微波学报,2006,22(3):32-35.
[14]Douville R J P,James D S.Experimental study of symmetric microstrip bends and their compensation[J].IEEE Trans,Microwave Theory Tech.1978,MTT-26:175-182.
[15]Mentor Graphics Corporation.High-Speed Electrical Design Using Board Station Student Workbook[M].USA,2003.
[16]王延辉,谢锘.差分线对在高速PCB设计中的应用[J].无线电通信技术,2005,31(6):29-31.
[17]Grenier.K,Dubuc.D,Rabbia.L,Tackac,Pons.P,Parra.T,Gaudriller.P,Aubert.H.MEMS devices for the future wireless applications[J].Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Caracas Conference on Devices,Circuits and Systems,2002,D031-1-D031-8.
[18]Philips Semiconductors.74LVC244/74LVCH244A Data Sheet[M].USA,1998.
[19]刘元安,李书芳,高攸纲.电磁兼容和印刷电路板[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.
[20]Wind River Systems,Inc.Tornado User's Guide[M].USA,1999.
[21]邝坚.Tornado/VxWorks入门与提高[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:144.
[22]宋华伟.基于IP的cdma20001X基站系统设备管理软件设计与实现[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2004.
[23]Jamal Hadi Salim,Znyx Networks,Robert Olsson,Beyond Softnet,Proceedings of the 5th Annual Linux Showcase & Conference[J],USA:2001.
[24]K.K.Ramakrishnan.Performance considerations in designing network interfaces[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,1993,vol.11:203-219.
[25]J.D.Chung,C.B.S.Traw,J.M.Smith.Event-signaling within higher performance network subsystems[J].High Performance Communications Subsystems.1995,220-225.
[26]O.Maquelin,G.R.Gao,H.H.J.Hum,K.B.Theobald,X.Tian.Polling watchdog:Combining polling and interrupts for efficient message handling[J].in Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture.1996,179-188.
[27]Constantinos Dovrolis,Brad Thayer,Parameswaran Ramanathan.HIP:Hybrid Interrupt-Polling for the Network Interface[D].WI:University of Wisconsin-Madison,2000.
[28]林瑶,蒋慧,杜蔚轩.用TCP/IP进行网际互联第一卷[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[29]王亚军,李建文,吉方.基于环形缓冲区的实时系统负载平衡技术[J].计算机应用与软件,2005,22(4):38-39.
[30]胡修林,李喜林,唐祖平.基于嵌入式多任务系统的串口通信[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,5:24-27.
[31]马天佑.CMT系统中设备管理的研究与实现[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2005.