面向普适计算的服务发现反射中间件研究
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摘要
对于普适计算环境下的中间件技术,国内外已进行了长时间的研究。早期,对中间件的研究主要集中在自适应、人机交互、上下文感知、安全性等方面,而很少考虑环境的异构性、资源受限和可重配置性等问题。随着普适计算环境下动态性和异构性问题的日益突出,这对中间件设计提出了更高的要求。
传统的中间件如CORBA、DCOM和Java RMI等,它们基本上都是采用黑箱抽象的原则,不能适应变化的运行环境和不同的客户需求,而反射中间件具有系统结构行为有序开放、重配置等特点,能支持针对不同的应用类型进行定制。因此,高度白适应性和可配置性的反射中间件逐渐成为国内外研究的热点。
本文从理论和实践两个方面对反射中间件技术进行了较为深入的研究和探索,主要工作包括:
1、介绍了普适计算环境下中间件研究面临的技术挑战,分析了当前普适计算和中间件技术的国内外研究现状及研究背景。
2、针对普适计算环境,研究了三种典型的反射中间件。它们对本论文研究反射中间件模型具有重要的指导意义;在此基础上,设计了基于反射原理的服务发现中间件SLRM(Service Lookup Reflective Middleware)的总体框架。
3、针对普适计算环境下的服务发现问题,深入研究多种服务发现协议,构造了一种支持多种服务发现及多种异构服务的绑定调用机制;对基于反射原理的SLRM服务发现及服务绑定模型给予了详细的分析,并基于一个应用场景,描述了SLRM的工作流程。
4、研究了SLRM实现的关键技术,实现了基于Jini的服务发现环境,并运用CORBA构件技术实现了SLRM的核心框架;在上述环境之下实现了一个网络服务,用以验证SLRM服务发现功能的有效性。
SLRM是基于组件技术的反射中间件框架,其设计目的是支持普适计算环境下多种服务发现机制及多种异构服务的绑定调用,并且通过反射特性可实现组件的动态重配置,能较好的解决普适计算环境下的动态性和异构性问题。相信此研究对普适计算下反射中间件的进一步研究具有一定的借鉴价值。
Research on the middleware technology under pervasive computing has been carrying out for a long time. In its earlier work, researchers focused on solving the problems of adaptation, human-computer interaction, context-aware, security and so on, and seldom took attention of attributes of heterogeneous environments, resource-constrained and re-configurability. But with the dynamic and heterogeneous problems become increasingly prominent, more challenges on the design of middleware were presented.
The traditional middleware such as CORBA,DCOM and Java RMI were designed with the principle of black-box abstract, which could not adapt to the activated running environment and the different needs of customers. But reflective middleware has features about orderly opening of the structure and re-configurability, it can support different types of application customization. Therefore, how to design the architecture for highly adaptive and reconfigurable middleware is becoming a hot topic.
In this thesis, the solutions for the highly adaptive and reconfigurable reflective middleware were discussed both in theory and in practice. The main works include:
1. Introducing the technical challenges faced by middleware research under pervasive computing environment, analyzing the study background and current research state of pervasive computing and middleware technology.
2. Studying three kinds of typical reflective middleware which adapted to pervasive computing environment. They were very important for designing theservice lookup middleware based reflective principles------SLRM (Service LookupReflective Middleware).
3. Constructing a kind of available service discovery solution based on pervasive computing environment to support a variety of heterogeneous protocols; Analyzing the service lookup and binding model of SLRM, and giving a application scene to descript the workflow of SLRM.
4. Studying the key technologies of SLRM, establishing a service lookup environment based on Jini, realizing the core of SLRM framework based on CORBA component technology (CCM), and a network service program and a client program that used the SLRM framework have also been developed in this thesis.
SLRM is a reflective middleware which based on component technology, it's designed to support a variety of heterogeneous protocols and interoperability of services developed on different middleware platforms, it can be satisfactorily resolved the dynamic and heterogeneous problems under pervasive computing environment. The thesis is worthy for further study in reflective middleware under pervasive computing.
传统的中间件如CORBA、DCOM和Java RMI等,它们基本上都是采用黑箱抽象的原则,不能适应变化的运行环境和不同的客户需求,而反射中间件具有系统结构行为有序开放、重配置等特点,能支持针对不同的应用类型进行定制。因此,高度白适应性和可配置性的反射中间件逐渐成为国内外研究的热点。
本文从理论和实践两个方面对反射中间件技术进行了较为深入的研究和探索,主要工作包括:
1、介绍了普适计算环境下中间件研究面临的技术挑战,分析了当前普适计算和中间件技术的国内外研究现状及研究背景。
2、针对普适计算环境,研究了三种典型的反射中间件。它们对本论文研究反射中间件模型具有重要的指导意义;在此基础上,设计了基于反射原理的服务发现中间件SLRM(Service Lookup Reflective Middleware)的总体框架。
3、针对普适计算环境下的服务发现问题,深入研究多种服务发现协议,构造了一种支持多种服务发现及多种异构服务的绑定调用机制;对基于反射原理的SLRM服务发现及服务绑定模型给予了详细的分析,并基于一个应用场景,描述了SLRM的工作流程。
4、研究了SLRM实现的关键技术,实现了基于Jini的服务发现环境,并运用CORBA构件技术实现了SLRM的核心框架;在上述环境之下实现了一个网络服务,用以验证SLRM服务发现功能的有效性。
SLRM是基于组件技术的反射中间件框架,其设计目的是支持普适计算环境下多种服务发现机制及多种异构服务的绑定调用,并且通过反射特性可实现组件的动态重配置,能较好的解决普适计算环境下的动态性和异构性问题。相信此研究对普适计算下反射中间件的进一步研究具有一定的借鉴价值。
Research on the middleware technology under pervasive computing has been carrying out for a long time. In its earlier work, researchers focused on solving the problems of adaptation, human-computer interaction, context-aware, security and so on, and seldom took attention of attributes of heterogeneous environments, resource-constrained and re-configurability. But with the dynamic and heterogeneous problems become increasingly prominent, more challenges on the design of middleware were presented.
The traditional middleware such as CORBA,DCOM and Java RMI were designed with the principle of black-box abstract, which could not adapt to the activated running environment and the different needs of customers. But reflective middleware has features about orderly opening of the structure and re-configurability, it can support different types of application customization. Therefore, how to design the architecture for highly adaptive and reconfigurable middleware is becoming a hot topic.
In this thesis, the solutions for the highly adaptive and reconfigurable reflective middleware were discussed both in theory and in practice. The main works include:
1. Introducing the technical challenges faced by middleware research under pervasive computing environment, analyzing the study background and current research state of pervasive computing and middleware technology.
2. Studying three kinds of typical reflective middleware which adapted to pervasive computing environment. They were very important for designing theservice lookup middleware based reflective principles------SLRM (Service LookupReflective Middleware).
3. Constructing a kind of available service discovery solution based on pervasive computing environment to support a variety of heterogeneous protocols; Analyzing the service lookup and binding model of SLRM, and giving a application scene to descript the workflow of SLRM.
4. Studying the key technologies of SLRM, establishing a service lookup environment based on Jini, realizing the core of SLRM framework based on CORBA component technology (CCM), and a network service program and a client program that used the SLRM framework have also been developed in this thesis.
SLRM is a reflective middleware which based on component technology, it's designed to support a variety of heterogeneous protocols and interoperability of services developed on different middleware platforms, it can be satisfactorily resolved the dynamic and heterogeneous problems under pervasive computing environment. The thesis is worthy for further study in reflective middleware under pervasive computing.
引文
[1]徐光佑,史元春,谢伟凯.普适计算.计算机学报,2003,26(9):1042-1050
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[3]Mark Weiser.The Computer for the 21st Century.Sci.Amer.Sept.1991,66-75
[4]周园春,李淼,张建.中间件技术综述,计算机工程与应用,2002.15:80-82
[5]王敏毅.构件技术与中间件.信息系统工程,2000,(03):39
[6]秦璟,高文,储方杰.中间件技术研究.计算机应用研究,2003,20(8),35-37
[7]蒋雄伟,马范援.中间件与分布式计算.计算机应用.2002,22(4):6-8
[8]杜炤,王小鸽,陈渝.反射式中间件综述.计算机研究与发展,2005,42(12):2041-2047
[9]Cazzola W.,Chiba S.,Ledoux T..Reflection and Meta - Level Architectures:State of the Art,and Future Trends,MalenfantJ.,Moisan S.,Moreira A.,eds.ECOOP′ 2000 Workshop Read2er,Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1964,Sophia Antipolis and Cannes,France,Springer - Verlag,2000,1-15
[10]F Kon,M Romain,P Liu et al.Monitoring,Security and Dynamic Configuration with the dunamic TAO Reflective ORB.Proceedings of Middleware 2000.Springer-Verlag,2000,121-143
[11]M.Roman,M.D.Mickunas,F.Kon,etal.LegORB and Ubiquitous CORBA.Middleware'2000 Workshop on Reflective Middleware,New York,2000
[12]Roman M.,Kon F.,Cambell R.H.Reflective Middleware:From Your Desk to Your Hand,Technical Report UIUCDCS-R-2000-2195,UIUC System Software Research Group,http://historical.ncstrl.org/tr/pdf/uiuc_cs/UIUCDCS-R-2000-2195.pdf,2000
[13]G.S.Blair,G.Coulson,P.Robin,et al.An architecture for next generation middleware.In:Proc.Middleware'98.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1998.191-206
[14]Gordon S.Blair,et al.Reflective Middleware:The Design and Implementation of Open ORB 2,IEEE Distributed Systems Online,http://csdl2.computer.org/comp/mags/ds/2001/06/o6001.pdf,2001
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[16]P Grace,G S Blair,S Samuel.ReMMoC:A Reflective Middleware to Support Mobile Client Interoperability.Proceedings of DOA' 03,LNCS 2888,Springer- Verlag,2003,1170-1187
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[19]Da Costa,Celso Maciel.A reflective middleware architecture to support adaptive mobile applications.Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing,v 2,Applied Computing 2005 - Proceedings of the 20th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing,2005,1151-1154
[20]YangSizhong,LiuJinde.RECOM:A reflective architecture of Middleware.Reflection' 2001,Workshop on Experience with Reflective Systems,Kyoto,Japan,2001,339-344
[21]黄罡,王千祥,梅宏等.基于软件体系结构的反射式中间件研究.软件学报,2003,14(11):1819-1826
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[23]陈渝,史元春,王小鸽,徐光佑.一个面向普适计算基于构件化的Agent中间件系统.第十四届全国多媒体技术学术会议:585-592
[24]殷贤亮,宋锦,徐丽萍.适用于移动计算环境的反射式中间件.华中科技大学学报,2006,34(7):36-38
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[28]Costa FM.Combining meat-information management and reflection in an architecture for configurable and reconfigurable middleware[Ph.D.dissertation].Lancaster University,U.K,2001,15-23
[29]Maes P.Concepts and Experiments in Computational Reflection[A].Meyrowitz K.N.ed.,Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems,Languages,and Applica2tions(OOPSLA′ 87),Sigplan Notices,Orlando,Florida,USA,ACM,1987,22(10):147-156
[30]F.Kon,F.Costa,G.Blair.The case for reflective middleware.Communications of ACM,2002,45(6):33-38
[31]P.Maes.Concepts and experiments in computational reflection.ACM SIGPLAN Notices,1987,22(10):147-155
[32]Blair G.S.,Coulson G.,Robin P..An architecture for next generation middleware.In:Proceedings of the Middleware' 98,Lake District,UK,1998,191-206
[33]Coulson G.,Blair G.S.,Clarke M.The design of a highly configurable and reconfigurable middleware platform.Journal of ACM Distributed Computing,2002,15(2):109-126
[34]胡海洋,马晓星,陶先平,吕建.反射中间件的研究与进展.计算机学报,2005,28(9):1407-1420
[35]谈世哲,刘卫东.UPNP基础结构以及行为规范的描述.组合机床与自动化加工技术,2004,4:38-40
[36]张选芳,李廷元.网络即插即用技术的实现与比较.西南民族大学学报自然科学版,2004,30(8):346-352
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[2]姜国华.普适计算核心技术研究:[硕士学位论文].上海:华东师范大学,2003,1-2
[3]Mark Weiser.The Computer for the 21st Century.Sci.Amer.Sept.1991,66-75
[4]周园春,李淼,张建.中间件技术综述,计算机工程与应用,2002.15:80-82
[5]王敏毅.构件技术与中间件.信息系统工程,2000,(03):39
[6]秦璟,高文,储方杰.中间件技术研究.计算机应用研究,2003,20(8),35-37
[7]蒋雄伟,马范援.中间件与分布式计算.计算机应用.2002,22(4):6-8
[8]杜炤,王小鸽,陈渝.反射式中间件综述.计算机研究与发展,2005,42(12):2041-2047
[9]Cazzola W.,Chiba S.,Ledoux T..Reflection and Meta - Level Architectures:State of the Art,and Future Trends,MalenfantJ.,Moisan S.,Moreira A.,eds.ECOOP′ 2000 Workshop Read2er,Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1964,Sophia Antipolis and Cannes,France,Springer - Verlag,2000,1-15
[10]F Kon,M Romain,P Liu et al.Monitoring,Security and Dynamic Configuration with the dunamic TAO Reflective ORB.Proceedings of Middleware 2000.Springer-Verlag,2000,121-143
[11]M.Roman,M.D.Mickunas,F.Kon,etal.LegORB and Ubiquitous CORBA.Middleware'2000 Workshop on Reflective Middleware,New York,2000
[12]Roman M.,Kon F.,Cambell R.H.Reflective Middleware:From Your Desk to Your Hand,Technical Report UIUCDCS-R-2000-2195,UIUC System Software Research Group,http://historical.ncstrl.org/tr/pdf/uiuc_cs/UIUCDCS-R-2000-2195.pdf,2000
[13]G.S.Blair,G.Coulson,P.Robin,et al.An architecture for next generation middleware.In:Proc.Middleware'98.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1998.191-206
[14]Gordon S.Blair,et al.Reflective Middleware:The Design and Implementation of Open ORB 2,IEEE Distributed Systems Online,http://csdl2.computer.org/comp/mags/ds/2001/06/o6001.pdf,2001
[15]段雪峰.基于反射的中间件设计:[硕士学位论文].西北工业大学,2007,24-26
[16]P Grace,G S Blair,S Samuel.ReMMoC:A Reflective Middleware to Support Mobile Client Interoperability.Proceedings of DOA' 03,LNCS 2888,Springer- Verlag,2003,1170-1187
[17]J.Keeney,V.Cahill.Chisel:A policy-driven,context-aware,dynamic adaptation framework.In:Proc POLICY'2003.Los Alamitos,CA:IEEE Computer Society Press,2003,3-14
[18]L.Capra,W.Emmerich,C.Mascolo.CARISMA:Context aware reflective middleware system for mobile applications.IEEE Trans.Software Engineering,2003,29(10):929-945
[19]Da Costa,Celso Maciel.A reflective middleware architecture to support adaptive mobile applications.Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing,v 2,Applied Computing 2005 - Proceedings of the 20th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing,2005,1151-1154
[20]YangSizhong,LiuJinde.RECOM:A reflective architecture of Middleware.Reflection' 2001,Workshop on Experience with Reflective Systems,Kyoto,Japan,2001,339-344
[21]黄罡,王千祥,梅宏等.基于软件体系结构的反射式中间件研究.软件学报,2003,14(11):1819-1826
[22]张向刚,刘锦德.PvcwCORBA:普适计算环境中间件的实现.计算机应用2004.8:10-17
[23]陈渝,史元春,王小鸽,徐光佑.一个面向普适计算基于构件化的Agent中间件系统.第十四届全国多媒体技术学术会议:585-592
[24]殷贤亮,宋锦,徐丽萍.适用于移动计算环境的反射式中间件.华中科技大学学报,2006,34(7):36-38
[25]张维勇,王毅嘉,王旭.插件式方面组件的反射中间件模型设计.中国水运,2007,7(04):124-126
[26]Smith B.C.Reflection and Semantics in a Procedural Language.Technical Report 272,MIT Laboratory of Computer Science,http://repository.readscheme.org/ftp/papers/bcsmith-thesis.pdf,1982
[27]杨思忠.基于开放实现原理的中间件——反射中间件的研究:[博士论文].电子科技大学,2002,15-16
[28]Costa FM.Combining meat-information management and reflection in an architecture for configurable and reconfigurable middleware[Ph.D.dissertation].Lancaster University,U.K,2001,15-23
[29]Maes P.Concepts and Experiments in Computational Reflection[A].Meyrowitz K.N.ed.,Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems,Languages,and Applica2tions(OOPSLA′ 87),Sigplan Notices,Orlando,Florida,USA,ACM,1987,22(10):147-156
[30]F.Kon,F.Costa,G.Blair.The case for reflective middleware.Communications of ACM,2002,45(6):33-38
[31]P.Maes.Concepts and experiments in computational reflection.ACM SIGPLAN Notices,1987,22(10):147-155
[32]Blair G.S.,Coulson G.,Robin P..An architecture for next generation middleware.In:Proceedings of the Middleware' 98,Lake District,UK,1998,191-206
[33]Coulson G.,Blair G.S.,Clarke M.The design of a highly configurable and reconfigurable middleware platform.Journal of ACM Distributed Computing,2002,15(2):109-126
[34]胡海洋,马晓星,陶先平,吕建.反射中间件的研究与进展.计算机学报,2005,28(9):1407-1420
[35]谈世哲,刘卫东.UPNP基础结构以及行为规范的描述.组合机床与自动化加工技术,2004,4:38-40
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