面向电子政务的轻量级工作流管理系统的研究与实现
|
摘要
电子政务是以计算机网络技术为基础,以共享、交流、协作为核心,以政务信息流、工作流相对集成为结构的政务管理模式。通过信息资源的配置和工作流的重组,使政府工作效率更高,服务更好,花费更少。
工作流管理系统(WfMS)能有效地支持业务流程自动化。作为一种对常规性事务进行管理、集成的技术,它能改进和优化业务流程,提高工作效率,实现更好的业务过程控制,提高服务质量和业务流程的柔性等。基于工作流技术的信息管理系统(MIS)具有良好的灵活性和适应性,运用在电子政务中能有效的提高政府办公效率。因此,近年来工作流技术在电子政务领域得到了广泛的应用,对工作流管理应用的研究成为软件领域新的热点之一。
本文首先给出了论文的研究背景和意义,介绍了当前国内外的研究现状及存在问题,然后引出本文的选题及研究的内容。其次,介绍了工作流及工作流管理系统的定义和相关概念、工作流的起源与发展,并给出了工作流管理系统的体系结构。再次,研究分析了工作流管理联盟(WfMC)提出的工作流参考模型,根据实际需要,提出了.NET架构下的工作流管理系统的结构模型;在WfMC提出的工作流过程元模型的基础上,结合实际业务特点,提出了一种基于活动网络图的面向扩展的工作流过程模型,在模型中增加条件约束,引进“状态”和“条件”元素,增强了模型对状态和条件的描述能力,提高了系统的柔性和适应性。论文还提出了一种基于关系数据库的轻量级工作流引擎的设计方法,详细说明了工作流引擎相关组件接口和引擎数据库的设计与实现。该引擎具有良好的稳定性和可扩展性,可以灵活处理各种业务流程,能较好地满足电子政务中信息管理的需要。最后,将工作流技术实际运用在人大议案管理系统中,能够方便的与人大现有的应用系统集成,较好地满足实际的业务需求。
论文深入研究了工作流管理技术,不仅实现了一个轻量级工作流引擎,而且研究了电子政务中信息管理系统的特点,并将工作流技术应用在电子政务信息管理中,有效地提高了政府的办公效率,具有一定的研究意义。最后结合人大议案管理系统中的实际业务,实现了一个完整的工作流流程的流转过程。
The E-government affair is a management pattern of government affair based on computer network technology, focused on share, communion and collaboration as well as structured with government affair information flow and relative integrated work flow. It will makes government work more efficient, service more better and expenditure more less by the configuration and the recombination of workflow.
Workflow Management System(WfMS) can effectively support the automation of business process. As a technology which manages and integrates the routine matters, WfMS can advance and optimize the business process, improve the work efficiency, achieve better control of the business process, and improve the service quality and the flexibility of the business process, etc. The Management Information System(MIS)-based on workflow technology has great flexibility and adaptivity, and can make the government work more effectively. So it has greatly applied in the E-government affair field recently, and the research of workflow application has become one of the hotspots in software developing field.
This paper first gives the research background and significance. Then introduces the problems and the current research situation in and abroad, raises the topic and research content. Secondly, introduces the origin and development of workflow and the basic concept about workflow and WfMS, gives the system structure of WfMS. Thirdly, to analysis the reference model proposed by Workflow Management Coalition(WfMC), Author designs a structure model of WfMS based on .NET. To strong the descriptions in status and conditions, author studys the reference Workflow Process Model provided by WfMC and presents a Expansion-Oriented Workflow Process Model on the basis of activity-network-diagram, the condition-restricting was added and the“status”and“conditions”was introduced into model, it also greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system. The paper gives a method about designing a lightweight workflow engine based on relational database, introduces the implementation and design of component interfaces and engine database in detail. This engine can deal with business process flexibly, and meets the needs well in E-government management information with stability and scalability. At last, uses the workflow technology in the NPC Bill Management System, it can be integrated with the existing application system conveniently and meets the needs well in actual business.
The paper makes an intensive study of the workflow management technology, not only realizes a lightweight workflow engine but also studys the features of the MIS in E-government, and uses the workflow technology in the information management in E-government. It has certain research significance with improving the government efficiency greatly. At last, combines the actual business in the NPC Bill Management System, realizes a complete flow of a workflow process.
工作流管理系统(WfMS)能有效地支持业务流程自动化。作为一种对常规性事务进行管理、集成的技术,它能改进和优化业务流程,提高工作效率,实现更好的业务过程控制,提高服务质量和业务流程的柔性等。基于工作流技术的信息管理系统(MIS)具有良好的灵活性和适应性,运用在电子政务中能有效的提高政府办公效率。因此,近年来工作流技术在电子政务领域得到了广泛的应用,对工作流管理应用的研究成为软件领域新的热点之一。
本文首先给出了论文的研究背景和意义,介绍了当前国内外的研究现状及存在问题,然后引出本文的选题及研究的内容。其次,介绍了工作流及工作流管理系统的定义和相关概念、工作流的起源与发展,并给出了工作流管理系统的体系结构。再次,研究分析了工作流管理联盟(WfMC)提出的工作流参考模型,根据实际需要,提出了.NET架构下的工作流管理系统的结构模型;在WfMC提出的工作流过程元模型的基础上,结合实际业务特点,提出了一种基于活动网络图的面向扩展的工作流过程模型,在模型中增加条件约束,引进“状态”和“条件”元素,增强了模型对状态和条件的描述能力,提高了系统的柔性和适应性。论文还提出了一种基于关系数据库的轻量级工作流引擎的设计方法,详细说明了工作流引擎相关组件接口和引擎数据库的设计与实现。该引擎具有良好的稳定性和可扩展性,可以灵活处理各种业务流程,能较好地满足电子政务中信息管理的需要。最后,将工作流技术实际运用在人大议案管理系统中,能够方便的与人大现有的应用系统集成,较好地满足实际的业务需求。
论文深入研究了工作流管理技术,不仅实现了一个轻量级工作流引擎,而且研究了电子政务中信息管理系统的特点,并将工作流技术应用在电子政务信息管理中,有效地提高了政府的办公效率,具有一定的研究意义。最后结合人大议案管理系统中的实际业务,实现了一个完整的工作流流程的流转过程。
The E-government affair is a management pattern of government affair based on computer network technology, focused on share, communion and collaboration as well as structured with government affair information flow and relative integrated work flow. It will makes government work more efficient, service more better and expenditure more less by the configuration and the recombination of workflow.
Workflow Management System(WfMS) can effectively support the automation of business process. As a technology which manages and integrates the routine matters, WfMS can advance and optimize the business process, improve the work efficiency, achieve better control of the business process, and improve the service quality and the flexibility of the business process, etc. The Management Information System(MIS)-based on workflow technology has great flexibility and adaptivity, and can make the government work more effectively. So it has greatly applied in the E-government affair field recently, and the research of workflow application has become one of the hotspots in software developing field.
This paper first gives the research background and significance. Then introduces the problems and the current research situation in and abroad, raises the topic and research content. Secondly, introduces the origin and development of workflow and the basic concept about workflow and WfMS, gives the system structure of WfMS. Thirdly, to analysis the reference model proposed by Workflow Management Coalition(WfMC), Author designs a structure model of WfMS based on .NET. To strong the descriptions in status and conditions, author studys the reference Workflow Process Model provided by WfMC and presents a Expansion-Oriented Workflow Process Model on the basis of activity-network-diagram, the condition-restricting was added and the“status”and“conditions”was introduced into model, it also greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system. The paper gives a method about designing a lightweight workflow engine based on relational database, introduces the implementation and design of component interfaces and engine database in detail. This engine can deal with business process flexibly, and meets the needs well in E-government management information with stability and scalability. At last, uses the workflow technology in the NPC Bill Management System, it can be integrated with the existing application system conveniently and meets the needs well in actual business.
The paper makes an intensive study of the workflow management technology, not only realizes a lightweight workflow engine but also studys the features of the MIS in E-government, and uses the workflow technology in the information management in E-government. It has certain research significance with improving the government efficiency greatly. At last, combines the actual business in the NPC Bill Management System, realizes a complete flow of a workflow process.
引文
[1]蔡明彦,邱桂明.基于JAVA的集成型工作流引擎的设计[J].汕头大学学报(自然科学版),2004,19(3)::58-63.
[2]苏海云,李仲学.矿山企业OA技术的现状与展望[J].中国矿业,2004,13(11):24-26.
[3]曹辉,李忠凯,张均东,田兆波,温泉.基于工作流的船舶办公自动化系统[J].大连海事大学学报,2005,31(2):41-44.
[4] http://www.360doc.com/showWeb/0/0/538026.aspx.
[5]陈洪娜,祖旭,周峰.工作流技术研究发展状况、研究内容及趋势[J].重庆工学院学报,2006,20(2):65-69.
[6]元卫峰.光华产品数据管理系统中工作流管理的研究与实现[D].硕士论文,北京邮电大学,2006.
[7] A.H.M. ter Hofstede,M.E. Orlowska,J.Rajapakse. Verification Problems in Conceptual Workflow Specifications. Data and Knowledge Engineering,1998,24(3):239-256.
[8] Geppert A,Tombros D,Dittrich K R. Defining the Semantics of Reactive Components in Event-driven Workflow Execution with Event Histories. Information Systems,1998,23(3):235-252.
[9] E Berlino , E.Ferrari , V.Atluri. The Specification and Enforcement of Authorization Constraints in Workflow Management Systems. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security,1999,2(1):65-104.
[10]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统CIMS,2000,6(l):l-7.
[11]徐瑞玉.工作流管理系统的研究与设计[D].硕士论文,西南交通大学,2006.
[12]陈张.基于JAVA技术的工作流管理系统的研究与开发[D].硕士论文,同济大学,2006.
[13]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄.工作流技术综述[J].软件学报,2000,11(7):899-907.
[14] Heikol. keith W virtual Enterprise Coodinator Agreement Driven gateways for Cross Organizational Workflow Management. In:Proc of the International Joint Conference on Work Activities Coordination and Collaboration. 2003,12(2):34-52.
[15] C.Mohan. Recent trends in workflow management products. Standards and research. Augest, Available on the Web at http://www.almdane.ibm.com/cs/exotica/wfnato.html.
[16] M.D Zisman. Representation Specification and Automation of Office Procedures. PhD thesis,University of Pennsylvania,Warton School of Business,2003.
[17]李红梅. Intranet与工作流技术[J].网络与信息,1997,6(2):43-46.
[18] Alonso G,Agrawal D,AbbadiE A et al. Functionality and limitations of current workflow managementsystems,1997.
[19] Workflow Management Coalition Terminology and Glossary. Technical Report,WFMC-TV-10ll, Brussels:Workflow Management Coalition,1996.
[20] Wan-Jun Yu,Da-You Liu,Quan Liu. A PLM-Oriented Workflow. Model Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods,Springer Press.(Indexed in SCI,ISI)
[21]刘长征.工作流在企业人员管理中的应用[D].硕士论文,吉林大学,2006.
[22]张德壮,李俊海,耿继秀.工作流管理系统综述[J].计算机应用,2000,5(2):41-43.
[23]李寿兵,张佑生,刘立华.工作流管理技术[J].微型电脑应用,2000,6(1):3-6.
[24] WfMC. Workflow Process Definition Interface-XML Process Definition Language,WfMC-TC-1025,2002.
[25] WfMC. Workflow Management Application Programming Interface(Interface2&3)Specification,WfMC-TC-1009,1998.
[26] WfMC. Workflow Standard-Interoperability,WfMC-TC-1012,1996.
[27] Michael Zur Muehlen,Rob Allen. Stand-alone and embedded workflow management systems. March 10,2000. http://www.wfmc.org/standards/docs/MzM_RA_WfMC_WP_Embedded_ and_Autonomous_Workflow.pdf.
[28] David Hollingsworth , ICL A&TC. A Common Object Model. WfMC-TC-1023 , March 1999. http://www.wfmc.org/standards/docs/TC-1022_common_Object%20Model_Paper.pdf.
[29]谭支鹏.基于工作流技术MIS系统的分析与设计[J].华中科技大学学报,2001,29(7):7-9.
[30]胡卫军,陈传波.通用工作流管理模式的分折与研究[J].计算机工程与应用,1999,7(3):32-34.
[31] David Hollingsworth. Reference Model-The Workflow Reference Model. WFMC-TC-1003 Issue 1.1,1995.
[32] Dimitros Georgakopoulos and Aphrodite Tsalgatidou. Technology and Tools for Comprehensive Business Process Lifecycle Management,2001.
[33] Dan C.Marinescu. Internet Based Workflow Management : Towards a Semantic Web [M]. Wiley-Interscience,2002.
[34] Injun Choi,Chulsoon Park,Changwoo Lee. Task .net Transactional workflow model based on colored Petri net. European journal of operational research,2O02,P:383-402.
[35] Hollingsworth D. The workflow reference Workflow. WFMC,1998.
[36]吴朝晖,邓水光.工作流系统设计与关键实现[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2006.
[37]刘怡,张子刚,张戡.工作流模型研究述评[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(2):448-451.
[38] Michael Hammer and James Campy. Reengineering the Corporation-A Manifesto for Business Revolution.Harper Business,1999.
[39] Frank Leymann and Dieter Roller. Production Workflow-Concepts and Techniques. Prentice-Hall,Upper Saddle River,New Jersey,2000.
[40]赵文,胡文惠,张世琨,王立福.工作流元模型的研究与应用[J].软件学报,2003,6(14):6-15.
[41] Kevin Hoffman,Jeff Gabriel等著.汪钟鸣,战晓苏译. .NET Framework高级编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[42]何清法,李国杰,焦丽梅,刘力力.基于关系结构的轻量级工作流引擎[J].计算机研究与发展,2001,38(2):334-340.
[43] W.M.P. Van der Aalst,A.H.M. ter Hofstede,B.Kiepuszwski,and A.P.Barros. Workflow Patterns. http://www.workflowpatterns.com/2002,2002.
[44]胡长城.工作流引擎核心调度算法与PetriNet. http://javafox.vip.myrice.con/mywf/fox999_ workflow_kernel_pn_20050417.pdf,2005.
[45]支黎峰,李毅,杨新村.基于工作流和角色权限控制的科技期刊编务管理信息系统[J].上海电力,2006,3(1):72-74.
[46] The Workflow Reference Model 10 Years On.Workflow Management Colition[EB/OL]. http://www.wfmc.org,2005.
[47]方俊.基于关系数据库的工作流引擎的设计[J].计算技术与自动化,2005,24(3):102-105.
[48]范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,施普林格出版社,2001.
[49]金鑫,许静,李学孟,谭芳.基于XML的工作流引擎的设计与实现[J].计算机工程,2007,33(23):71-74.
[50]孙卫琴.精通Struts:基于MVC的Java Web设计与开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[51]金正晔,蔡月茹,马伟勤,柳西玲.工作流系统的构件开发[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(23):4592-4595.
[52]焦磊.基于.NET的Web应用系统通用平台中工作流技术研究[D].硕士论文,中国科学院研究生院,2006.
[53]田雨.基于J2EE的办公自动化系统中工作流管理系统的研究与实现[D].硕士论文,西安电子科技大学,2005.
[54] Singh.M.P,Huhns.M.N. Automating Workflows for Service Order Processing:Integrating AI and Database Technologies. IEEE Expert,Oct,1994:12-23.
[2]苏海云,李仲学.矿山企业OA技术的现状与展望[J].中国矿业,2004,13(11):24-26.
[3]曹辉,李忠凯,张均东,田兆波,温泉.基于工作流的船舶办公自动化系统[J].大连海事大学学报,2005,31(2):41-44.
[4] http://www.360doc.com/showWeb/0/0/538026.aspx.
[5]陈洪娜,祖旭,周峰.工作流技术研究发展状况、研究内容及趋势[J].重庆工学院学报,2006,20(2):65-69.
[6]元卫峰.光华产品数据管理系统中工作流管理的研究与实现[D].硕士论文,北京邮电大学,2006.
[7] A.H.M. ter Hofstede,M.E. Orlowska,J.Rajapakse. Verification Problems in Conceptual Workflow Specifications. Data and Knowledge Engineering,1998,24(3):239-256.
[8] Geppert A,Tombros D,Dittrich K R. Defining the Semantics of Reactive Components in Event-driven Workflow Execution with Event Histories. Information Systems,1998,23(3):235-252.
[9] E Berlino , E.Ferrari , V.Atluri. The Specification and Enforcement of Authorization Constraints in Workflow Management Systems. ACM Transactions on Information and System Security,1999,2(1):65-104.
[10]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统CIMS,2000,6(l):l-7.
[11]徐瑞玉.工作流管理系统的研究与设计[D].硕士论文,西南交通大学,2006.
[12]陈张.基于JAVA技术的工作流管理系统的研究与开发[D].硕士论文,同济大学,2006.
[13]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄.工作流技术综述[J].软件学报,2000,11(7):899-907.
[14] Heikol. keith W virtual Enterprise Coodinator Agreement Driven gateways for Cross Organizational Workflow Management. In:Proc of the International Joint Conference on Work Activities Coordination and Collaboration. 2003,12(2):34-52.
[15] C.Mohan. Recent trends in workflow management products. Standards and research. Augest, Available on the Web at http://www.almdane.ibm.com/cs/exotica/wfnato.html.
[16] M.D Zisman. Representation Specification and Automation of Office Procedures. PhD thesis,University of Pennsylvania,Warton School of Business,2003.
[17]李红梅. Intranet与工作流技术[J].网络与信息,1997,6(2):43-46.
[18] Alonso G,Agrawal D,AbbadiE A et al. Functionality and limitations of current workflow managementsystems,1997.
[19] Workflow Management Coalition Terminology and Glossary. Technical Report,WFMC-TV-10ll, Brussels:Workflow Management Coalition,1996.
[20] Wan-Jun Yu,Da-You Liu,Quan Liu. A PLM-Oriented Workflow. Model Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods,Springer Press.(Indexed in SCI,ISI)
[21]刘长征.工作流在企业人员管理中的应用[D].硕士论文,吉林大学,2006.
[22]张德壮,李俊海,耿继秀.工作流管理系统综述[J].计算机应用,2000,5(2):41-43.
[23]李寿兵,张佑生,刘立华.工作流管理技术[J].微型电脑应用,2000,6(1):3-6.
[24] WfMC. Workflow Process Definition Interface-XML Process Definition Language,WfMC-TC-1025,2002.
[25] WfMC. Workflow Management Application Programming Interface(Interface2&3)Specification,WfMC-TC-1009,1998.
[26] WfMC. Workflow Standard-Interoperability,WfMC-TC-1012,1996.
[27] Michael Zur Muehlen,Rob Allen. Stand-alone and embedded workflow management systems. March 10,2000. http://www.wfmc.org/standards/docs/MzM_RA_WfMC_WP_Embedded_ and_Autonomous_Workflow.pdf.
[28] David Hollingsworth , ICL A&TC. A Common Object Model. WfMC-TC-1023 , March 1999. http://www.wfmc.org/standards/docs/TC-1022_common_Object%20Model_Paper.pdf.
[29]谭支鹏.基于工作流技术MIS系统的分析与设计[J].华中科技大学学报,2001,29(7):7-9.
[30]胡卫军,陈传波.通用工作流管理模式的分折与研究[J].计算机工程与应用,1999,7(3):32-34.
[31] David Hollingsworth. Reference Model-The Workflow Reference Model. WFMC-TC-1003 Issue 1.1,1995.
[32] Dimitros Georgakopoulos and Aphrodite Tsalgatidou. Technology and Tools for Comprehensive Business Process Lifecycle Management,2001.
[33] Dan C.Marinescu. Internet Based Workflow Management : Towards a Semantic Web [M]. Wiley-Interscience,2002.
[34] Injun Choi,Chulsoon Park,Changwoo Lee. Task .net Transactional workflow model based on colored Petri net. European journal of operational research,2O02,P:383-402.
[35] Hollingsworth D. The workflow reference Workflow. WFMC,1998.
[36]吴朝晖,邓水光.工作流系统设计与关键实现[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2006.
[37]刘怡,张子刚,张戡.工作流模型研究述评[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(2):448-451.
[38] Michael Hammer and James Campy. Reengineering the Corporation-A Manifesto for Business Revolution.Harper Business,1999.
[39] Frank Leymann and Dieter Roller. Production Workflow-Concepts and Techniques. Prentice-Hall,Upper Saddle River,New Jersey,2000.
[40]赵文,胡文惠,张世琨,王立福.工作流元模型的研究与应用[J].软件学报,2003,6(14):6-15.
[41] Kevin Hoffman,Jeff Gabriel等著.汪钟鸣,战晓苏译. .NET Framework高级编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[42]何清法,李国杰,焦丽梅,刘力力.基于关系结构的轻量级工作流引擎[J].计算机研究与发展,2001,38(2):334-340.
[43] W.M.P. Van der Aalst,A.H.M. ter Hofstede,B.Kiepuszwski,and A.P.Barros. Workflow Patterns. http://www.workflowpatterns.com/2002,2002.
[44]胡长城.工作流引擎核心调度算法与PetriNet. http://javafox.vip.myrice.con/mywf/fox999_ workflow_kernel_pn_20050417.pdf,2005.
[45]支黎峰,李毅,杨新村.基于工作流和角色权限控制的科技期刊编务管理信息系统[J].上海电力,2006,3(1):72-74.
[46] The Workflow Reference Model 10 Years On.Workflow Management Colition[EB/OL]. http://www.wfmc.org,2005.
[47]方俊.基于关系数据库的工作流引擎的设计[J].计算技术与自动化,2005,24(3):102-105.
[48]范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,施普林格出版社,2001.
[49]金鑫,许静,李学孟,谭芳.基于XML的工作流引擎的设计与实现[J].计算机工程,2007,33(23):71-74.
[50]孙卫琴.精通Struts:基于MVC的Java Web设计与开发[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[51]金正晔,蔡月茹,马伟勤,柳西玲.工作流系统的构件开发[J].计算机工程与设计,2006,27(23):4592-4595.
[52]焦磊.基于.NET的Web应用系统通用平台中工作流技术研究[D].硕士论文,中国科学院研究生院,2006.
[53]田雨.基于J2EE的办公自动化系统中工作流管理系统的研究与实现[D].硕士论文,西安电子科技大学,2005.
[54] Singh.M.P,Huhns.M.N. Automating Workflows for Service Order Processing:Integrating AI and Database Technologies. IEEE Expert,Oct,1994:12-23.