决策支持系统在高等教育统计中的应用
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摘要
高等教育统计工作是各高校掌握本校基本办学情况的重要工作,目的是为各高校进行科学管理及决策提供重要依据和参考。当前我校(华南师范大学)的高等教育统计工作主要以人工收集、整理各类相关业务系统的数据为主,统计结果较为简单,缺少科学高效的统计决策辅助工具对大量业务数据进行加工、整合、挖掘和分析,缺乏高层次、有深度的信息,无法为学校领导层的决策提供不同维度的、有价值的、科学的参考或建议。要解决上述问题就有必要设计开发适合高校发展的统计决策支持系统。
论文首先分析了高等教育统计工作现状,介绍了决策支持系统的基本概念。然后根据我校统计分析的需求,设计了适合我校实际情况的统计决策支持系统体系结构。系统采用主题数据驱动的设计原则,使用Mondrian作为OLAP服务器,在J2EE平台上基于Spring的Web MVC框架进行开发。通过对各类相关业务系统的数据源进行数据提取、转换和加载,构建统计数据仓库作为统计决策支持系统的数据基础。同时,论文设计了相应的决策分析的方法及参数指标对学校办学条件这一主题进行多维度的分析,发现我校办学条件存在的问题,并将决策分析结果以OLAP图表的形式直观的表现出来。最终达到了为学校领导层的决策提供参考和帮助的目的。最后,论文对所做工作进行了总结和展望。
Statistics is an important work for the universities, since school leaders can master the basic information of their universities and make better decision in reference to the statistics results. At present, the university where I work (South China Normal University) still collects the related statistics data manually. The statistical results are relatively simple. Scientific and efficient statistical tools are urgently needed to do statistical data processing and data mining so that school leaders can have valuable scientific reference besides the simple statistical data. To solve these problems it is necessary to design statistical decision support system compatible with the development of the university.
This Paper analyzes the status of statistics of higher education and describes the basic concepts of decision support systems. According to the needs of statistical analysis of our school, the paper designs the actual architecture of the statistical decision support system. By adopting the theme of data-driven design principles and Mondrian as OLAP server, system develops Web MVC with the Spring Framework which is based on J2EE platform. Through data extraction, transformation and loading of data sources of relevant business systems, the paper builds the statistical data warehouse as the data base of statistical decision support system. Meanwhile, the paper designs decision analysis methods and their corresponding parameters to do multi-dimensional analysis of my school’s conditions. In this way, decision support system can excavate our school’s problems and shows decision analysis results in the form of intuitive OLAP chart. Finally, the system will provide helpful information for the decision-making process of our school’s leaders. In the end, the paper draws a conclusion of the statistical decision support system.
论文首先分析了高等教育统计工作现状,介绍了决策支持系统的基本概念。然后根据我校统计分析的需求,设计了适合我校实际情况的统计决策支持系统体系结构。系统采用主题数据驱动的设计原则,使用Mondrian作为OLAP服务器,在J2EE平台上基于Spring的Web MVC框架进行开发。通过对各类相关业务系统的数据源进行数据提取、转换和加载,构建统计数据仓库作为统计决策支持系统的数据基础。同时,论文设计了相应的决策分析的方法及参数指标对学校办学条件这一主题进行多维度的分析,发现我校办学条件存在的问题,并将决策分析结果以OLAP图表的形式直观的表现出来。最终达到了为学校领导层的决策提供参考和帮助的目的。最后,论文对所做工作进行了总结和展望。
Statistics is an important work for the universities, since school leaders can master the basic information of their universities and make better decision in reference to the statistics results. At present, the university where I work (South China Normal University) still collects the related statistics data manually. The statistical results are relatively simple. Scientific and efficient statistical tools are urgently needed to do statistical data processing and data mining so that school leaders can have valuable scientific reference besides the simple statistical data. To solve these problems it is necessary to design statistical decision support system compatible with the development of the university.
This Paper analyzes the status of statistics of higher education and describes the basic concepts of decision support systems. According to the needs of statistical analysis of our school, the paper designs the actual architecture of the statistical decision support system. By adopting the theme of data-driven design principles and Mondrian as OLAP server, system develops Web MVC with the Spring Framework which is based on J2EE platform. Through data extraction, transformation and loading of data sources of relevant business systems, the paper builds the statistical data warehouse as the data base of statistical decision support system. Meanwhile, the paper designs decision analysis methods and their corresponding parameters to do multi-dimensional analysis of my school’s conditions. In this way, decision support system can excavate our school’s problems and shows decision analysis results in the form of intuitive OLAP chart. Finally, the system will provide helpful information for the decision-making process of our school’s leaders. In the end, the paper draws a conclusion of the statistical decision support system.
引文
[1]皮江红.论高等教育统计指标体系的完善[J].浙江统计,2007,(11):27-28.
[2]蒋东兴,郭大勇,罗念龙,刘启新.清华大学新一代数字校园建设规划与实践[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2007(11):174-178.
[3]罗孟华.基于数据挖掘技术的高职院校招生决策研究[D].华东师范大学, 2009.
[4]潘峰.高校师资管理与决策支持系统研究[D].天津大学, 2005.
[5]叶爱民,张明.决策支持系统在深化高校教务信息化建设的探索与实现.中山大学学报(自然科学版),2009,(3):53-55.
[6]王绍清.高校公共信息服务系统研究[D].西南交通大学,2008.
[7] Qingtian Han,Xiaoyan Gao. Research of decision support systembased on data warehouse techniques[C] .Proceeding of 2ed Inter-national Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 2009, (8):215-218.
[8]高洪深.决策支持系统(DSS)理论与方法,北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[9]邓苏,张维明,黄宏斌等.决策支持系统,电子工业出版社,2008.
[10]陈文伟,廖建文.决策支持系统(DSS)及其开发(第三版),北京:清华大学出版社,2008.
[11]罗辉琼,聂瑞华,林怀恭,李艳,袁伟云.基于SOA架构的数字校园研究与实现[J].计算机技术与发展, 2009,(5):225-227.
[12]贺翔.基于政府信息系统的数据挖掘技术的研究[D].天津大学,2005.
[13]李恒锐.构建数据仓库的ETL系统研究[D].西安理工大学,2009.
[14] JPivot[EB/OL]. http://sourceforge.net/projects/jpivot/, 2006.
[15]高洪深.决策支持系统(DSS)案例集,北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[16] Merceron A,K Yacef. A web-based tutoring tool with mining facilities to improve learning and teaching[C] .Verdejo F;HoppeU. Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education. Sydney: IOS Press, 2003, (10):201-208.
[17]刘俊琦,程虎.基于J2EE的应用支撑平台的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与设计, 2006,(15): 2821-2823.
[18] Mondrian[EB/OL]. http://sourceforge.net/projects/mondrian/, 2006.
[19]杨兵.基于可扩展置标语言的通用数据访问模型研究[D].华中科技大学,2004.
[20]林子雨,杨冬青,宋国杰,王腾蛟,唐世渭.实时主动数据仓库中多维数据实视图的选择[J].软件学报, 2008,(02):301-313.
[21]郑凯,聂瑞华,梁卓明,刘学文.数字校园数据中心和主题数据库的研究与实现.汕头大学学报(自然科学版),2010,(2):61-68.
[22]邓建高,潘江波,杨出云.基于数据仓库的证券交易决策支持系统设计与开发[J].计算机工程与设计, 2008,(03):753-755.
[23]教育部关于印发《普通高等学校基本办学条件指标(试行)》的通知.中华人民共和国教育部公报,2004.
[2]蒋东兴,郭大勇,罗念龙,刘启新.清华大学新一代数字校园建设规划与实践[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2007(11):174-178.
[3]罗孟华.基于数据挖掘技术的高职院校招生决策研究[D].华东师范大学, 2009.
[4]潘峰.高校师资管理与决策支持系统研究[D].天津大学, 2005.
[5]叶爱民,张明.决策支持系统在深化高校教务信息化建设的探索与实现.中山大学学报(自然科学版),2009,(3):53-55.
[6]王绍清.高校公共信息服务系统研究[D].西南交通大学,2008.
[7] Qingtian Han,Xiaoyan Gao. Research of decision support systembased on data warehouse techniques[C] .Proceeding of 2ed Inter-national Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 2009, (8):215-218.
[8]高洪深.决策支持系统(DSS)理论与方法,北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[9]邓苏,张维明,黄宏斌等.决策支持系统,电子工业出版社,2008.
[10]陈文伟,廖建文.决策支持系统(DSS)及其开发(第三版),北京:清华大学出版社,2008.
[11]罗辉琼,聂瑞华,林怀恭,李艳,袁伟云.基于SOA架构的数字校园研究与实现[J].计算机技术与发展, 2009,(5):225-227.
[12]贺翔.基于政府信息系统的数据挖掘技术的研究[D].天津大学,2005.
[13]李恒锐.构建数据仓库的ETL系统研究[D].西安理工大学,2009.
[14] JPivot[EB/OL]. http://sourceforge.net/projects/jpivot/, 2006.
[15]高洪深.决策支持系统(DSS)案例集,北京:清华大学出版社,2009.
[16] Merceron A,K Yacef. A web-based tutoring tool with mining facilities to improve learning and teaching[C] .Verdejo F;HoppeU. Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education. Sydney: IOS Press, 2003, (10):201-208.
[17]刘俊琦,程虎.基于J2EE的应用支撑平台的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与设计, 2006,(15): 2821-2823.
[18] Mondrian[EB/OL]. http://sourceforge.net/projects/mondrian/, 2006.
[19]杨兵.基于可扩展置标语言的通用数据访问模型研究[D].华中科技大学,2004.
[20]林子雨,杨冬青,宋国杰,王腾蛟,唐世渭.实时主动数据仓库中多维数据实视图的选择[J].软件学报, 2008,(02):301-313.
[21]郑凯,聂瑞华,梁卓明,刘学文.数字校园数据中心和主题数据库的研究与实现.汕头大学学报(自然科学版),2010,(2):61-68.
[22]邓建高,潘江波,杨出云.基于数据仓库的证券交易决策支持系统设计与开发[J].计算机工程与设计, 2008,(03):753-755.
[23]教育部关于印发《普通高等学校基本办学条件指标(试行)》的通知.中华人民共和国教育部公报,2004.