建设环境友好型社会政策研究
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摘要
在树立科学发展观、实施可持续发展战略,特别是建设环境友好型社会的背景下,中国城市的发展和建设面临着诸多问题,特别是严重的生态环境问题,长株潭城市群也不例外。2007年末,长株潭城市群获批为全国资源节约型和环境友好型社会建设综合配套改革试验区,这给长株潭改善生态环境、促进经济社会可持续发展提供了重要历史机遇。鉴于我国目前的行政体制,政府无疑将在环境友好型社会的建设过程中起主导作用。制定科学、切合实际、可操作性强的政策体系,是建设环境友好型社会的关键一环。论文对长株潭城市群生态环境安全做了评价,结果显示生态环境不友好,极为脆弱,经济社会发展与环境不相协调,建设环境友好型社会势在必行。通过对长株潭城市群现有环境友好政策进行分析,指出其不足,并在借鉴国内外经验的基础上,提出了长株潭城市群制订环境友好政策的思路、原则及目标框架体系,从经济政策、财税政策、环境政策、环境友好教育政策、绿色科技政策、城乡统筹政策和环境友好体制机制建设等多方面阐述了相关政策内容,并就核心问题进行了进一步阐述,最后提出了完善各项环境友好型政策的具体对策措施。本文以长株潭城市群为例,从政策的角度研究城市群环境友好型社会的构建不仅具有深远的理论意义,也具有现实的应用价值。
Under the background of establishing scientific concept of development and implementing sustainable development strategy, especially building environment-friendly society, China's urban development and construction confronted a series of problems,environment issue was highlighted particularly; Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan(CZT) also has no exception. At the end of 2007, City-Cluster of CZT were authorized as the synthesis coordinated reforms pilot area of the national resource-saving and the environment-friendly society construction, which provide with historic opportunity for CZT to improve its ecological environment and accelerate economical and social sustainable development. In connection with current administration system in our country, government will play an important role without any doubt in the construction of environment-friendly society,so making out scientific, practical and exercisable policies and systems become very significant in the process of environment-friendly society construction. This thesis made out estimation on CZT's ecological environment, as a result , weak environment status doesn't keep up with the economical and social development so that the construction of environment-friendly society is imperative under this situation. With regard to the environment-friendly construction of CZT City-Cluster, this thesis put forward relevant policy's ideas, principles, aims and frame systems after making specific analysis about current policies and systems and pointing out their deficiency while under the basis of referring to other country's experience. The paper also set forth related policies from the perspective of economical policy, financial and tax policy, environment policy, environmental-friendly education policy, green-technology policy, overall plan for urban and rural policy and environmental-friendly system construction, the paper set forth related policy as well as expounded core issues further more. At the end of this paper, specific countermeasures to improve environmental-friendly policy were put forward. Taking CTZ as an example, the paper studied on the construction of environment-friendly society from the policy's point of view which method has not only profound theoretic sense but also practical application value.
Under the background of establishing scientific concept of development and implementing sustainable development strategy, especially building environment-friendly society, China's urban development and construction confronted a series of problems,environment issue was highlighted particularly; Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan(CZT) also has no exception. At the end of 2007, City-Cluster of CZT were authorized as the synthesis coordinated reforms pilot area of the national resource-saving and the environment-friendly society construction, which provide with historic opportunity for CZT to improve its ecological environment and accelerate economical and social sustainable development. In connection with current administration system in our country, government will play an important role without any doubt in the construction of environment-friendly society,so making out scientific, practical and exercisable policies and systems become very significant in the process of environment-friendly society construction. This thesis made out estimation on CZT's ecological environment, as a result , weak environment status doesn't keep up with the economical and social development so that the construction of environment-friendly society is imperative under this situation. With regard to the environment-friendly construction of CZT City-Cluster, this thesis put forward relevant policy's ideas, principles, aims and frame systems after making specific analysis about current policies and systems and pointing out their deficiency while under the basis of referring to other country's experience. The paper also set forth related policies from the perspective of economical policy, financial and tax policy, environment policy, environmental-friendly education policy, green-technology policy, overall plan for urban and rural policy and environmental-friendly system construction, the paper set forth related policy as well as expounded core issues further more. At the end of this paper, specific countermeasures to improve environmental-friendly policy were put forward. Taking CTZ as an example, the paper studied on the construction of environment-friendly society from the policy's point of view which method has not only profound theoretic sense but also practical application value.
引文
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[36]王家翼,姚小红等.黑河流域生态承载力估测[J].环境科学研究,2000,13(2):44-48.
[37]张传国,方创琳.干旱区绿洲生态-生产-生活承载力相互作用的驱动力机制分析[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(2):181-187.
[38]方创琳,鲍超.黑河流域水-生态-经济发展耦合模型及应用[J].地理学报,2004,59(5):781-790.
[39]邓波,洪曾等.区域生态承载力量化方法研究述评[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2003,38:281-289.
[40]徐琳瑜,杨志峰等.城市生态系统承载力理论与评价方法[J].生态学报,2005,25(4):771-777.
[41]王景福,张金池等.绵阳涪江流域生态承载力研究[J].中国水利,2003,11:48-49.
[42]Wackernagel M.Ecological Footprints of Nations:http//www.encouncil.ac.cr/rio/focus/report/English/footprint.html,1997.
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[44]杨开忠,杨咏,陈洁.生态足迹分析理论与方法[J].地球科学进展,2000,(6):630-636.
[45]季昆森.循环经济原理与应用[M].安徽科学技术出版社,2004年第2版.
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[49]冯之浚.循环经济导论[M].北京:人民出版社,2004.
[50]张凯.循环经济理论与实践[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2004.
[51]牛文元.可持续发展导论[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[52]王立红.循环经济-可持续发展战略的实施途径[M].中国环境科学出版社,2005.
[53]梁言顺.低代价经济增长论[M].北京:人民出版社,2004年第二版.
[54]黄贤金.循环经济:产业模式与政策体系[M].南京大学出版社,2004.
[55]刘国涛.循环经济·绿色产业·法制建设[M].中国方正出版社,2004.
[56]韩宝平,孙晓菲等.循环经济的国内外实践研究[J].中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2003,(1):66-69.
[2]Frosch,Robert:Industrial ecology:aphilosophical introduction[J].Proceedings,National Academy of Sciences 89,February 1992,P800-803.
[3]Allenby,Braden:Achieving sustainable development through industrial ecology[J].International Environmental Affairs 4 No.1,1992.
[4]Lowe,Ernest:Industrial ecology:An organizing framework for environmental management[J].Total Quality Environmental Management,Autumn 1993.
[5]吴晓青.大力发展环境友好技术,积极建设环境友好型社会[J].中国科技产业,2006,(6):12-14.
[6]吴波.建设环境友好型社会中的环境影响技术评估[J].环境保护,2006,(12):19-22
[7]林剑,狄凌峰.深化建设项目管理,促进环境友好型社会建设[J].江苏环境科技,2006,19(2):180-181.
[8]宗文缬.为构建环境友好型社会提供技术支撑[J].绿叶,2006,(3):10-11.
[9]郑雪梅.构建环境友好型社会呼唤绿色税制[J].大连干部学刊,2006,24(4):30-32.
[10]张顼.浅析充分发挥金融调控作用,推进建设环境友好型社会[J].江西能源,2006,(4):64-65.
[11]胡秋红.资源节约型、环境友好型社会与绿色环境税收[J].湖北财经高等专科学校校报,2006,18(4):34-37.
[12]武普照,吴昊.建设资源节约和环境友好型社会的财税政策研究[J].山东财经学院学报,2006,(1):39-42.
[13]刘秀丽.我国生态保护的财税政策研究[J].现代财经,2003,23(2):41-44.
[14]王金南,张吉等.环境友好型社会的内涵与实现途径[J].环境保护,2006,(3):42-45.
[15]王树青.循环经济是建设环境友好型社会的重要途径[J].发展论坛,2006,(6):第1页.
[16]常纪文.我国环境友好型社会文化的法制建设问题[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2006,6(3):70-76.
[17]蔡守秋.论环境友好型社会的法制建设[J].甘肃政法学院学报,2006,(9):14-29.
[18]方世南.构建环境友好型社会的哲学思考[J].哲学研究,2006,(4):114-116.
[19]许冬梅.环境友好型社会的哲学基础及实现途径[J].自然辩证法研究,2006,22(10):1-4.
[20]任勇,俞海等.环境友好型社会理念的认识基础及内涵[J].环境经济,2005,(12):7-12.
[21]杨卫军.建设环境友好型社会的哲学思考[J].科学发展观与和谐社会理论月刊,2006,(11):39-41.
[22]黄冬桂,张锐等.建设环境友好型社会的伦理思考[J].广西民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版),2006,28(4):143-146.
[23]胡伟,程亚萍等.生态正义:建设环境友好型社会的伦理基础[J].青海社会科学,2006,(6): 117-120.
[24]曹素芳,李景军等.西部建设环境友好型社会的环境伦理学思考[J].经纪人学报,2006,(2):109-111.
[25]周晚田.论环境友好型社会的环境道德教育[J].南京林业大学学报(人文社会科学版),2006,6(3):23-27.
[26]李培超.论环境友好型社会的道德基础[J].江西社会科学,2006,(4):35-40.
[27]任春晓.构建环境友好型社会语境下的公众环保参与探讨[J].行政论坛,2006,(3):68-70.
[28]阮俊华.建设环境友好型社会需要青年大学生环境素质的提高[J].中国环境巡礼,2006,(7):42-43.
[29]魏复盛.环境友好型社会是一个系统工程[J].绿叶,2005,(11):8-9.
[30]李琳.略论建设环境友好型社会[J].发展论坛,2006,(12):第51页.
[31]李铁明,陈小军等.论构建环境友好型社会[J].求索,2006,(8):105-107.
[32]周学敏,阳中良等.现代化的新模式:环境友好型社会的构建[J].理论与现代化,2006,(4):27-31.
[33]柏国强.上海构建环境友好型城市研究[博士论文][D].上海:华东师范大学,2006.
[34]徐中民,程国栋等.生态足迹方法:可持续性定量研究的新方法--以张掖地区1995年的生态足迹计算为例[J].生态学报,2001,21(9):1484-1493.
[35]高吉喜.区域可持续发展的生态承载力研究[博士论文][D].北京:中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,1999.
[36]王家翼,姚小红等.黑河流域生态承载力估测[J].环境科学研究,2000,13(2):44-48.
[37]张传国,方创琳.干旱区绿洲生态-生产-生活承载力相互作用的驱动力机制分析[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(2):181-187.
[38]方创琳,鲍超.黑河流域水-生态-经济发展耦合模型及应用[J].地理学报,2004,59(5):781-790.
[39]邓波,洪曾等.区域生态承载力量化方法研究述评[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2003,38:281-289.
[40]徐琳瑜,杨志峰等.城市生态系统承载力理论与评价方法[J].生态学报,2005,25(4):771-777.
[41]王景福,张金池等.绵阳涪江流域生态承载力研究[J].中国水利,2003,11:48-49.
[42]Wackernagel M.Ecological Footprints of Nations:http//www.encouncil.ac.cr/rio/focus/report/English/footprint.html,1997.
[43]William E R.Revisiting Carrying Capacity:Area-Based Indicators of Sustainability[A].In:wackemagelM,ed.EcologicalFootprints[EB/OL].http://www.ecouncil.ac.cr/rio/focus/report/English/footprint/,1996.
[44]杨开忠,杨咏,陈洁.生态足迹分析理论与方法[J].地球科学进展,2000,(6):630-636.
[45]季昆森.循环经济原理与应用[M].安徽科学技术出版社,2004年第2版.
[46]张坤.循环经济理论与实践[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2003.
[47]吴季松.循环经济:全面建设小康社会的必由之路[M].北京出版社,2003年.
[48]毛如柏、冯之浚.论循环经济[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2003.
[49]冯之浚.循环经济导论[M].北京:人民出版社,2004.
[50]张凯.循环经济理论与实践[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2004.
[51]牛文元.可持续发展导论[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.
[52]王立红.循环经济-可持续发展战略的实施途径[M].中国环境科学出版社,2005.
[53]梁言顺.低代价经济增长论[M].北京:人民出版社,2004年第二版.
[54]黄贤金.循环经济:产业模式与政策体系[M].南京大学出版社,2004.
[55]刘国涛.循环经济·绿色产业·法制建设[M].中国方正出版社,2004.
[56]韩宝平,孙晓菲等.循环经济的国内外实践研究[J].中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2003,(1):66-69.