农网综合降损辅助决策系统的设计
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摘要
为提高县供电企业的线损管理水平,实现农网节能降损目标,研制开发了面向农网综合降损的计算机软件系统。系统的设计目标是在新的技术条件下,研究更为精细化的线损理论计算方法,实现农网各个电压等级的线损理论计算,同时分析影响线损的各种因素,通过模拟调整和效益分析,为线损管理者提供降损建议和降损方案。首先,研究了目前线损管理软件系统的现状,指出主要不足之处是算法不够全面和精细,造成计算结果误差较大,缺少指导实际工作的价值。在明确了算法在线损管理软件系统中的核心作用后,分析了线损理论计算过程中各种数据的不确定性对计算结果造成的影响,以及传统算法在计算过程中采用的各种简化计算方式。为了解决简化计算造成的误差问题,设计了基于PQU(有功、无功和电压)负荷曲线的三相潮流算法,极大地提高了计算结果的准确度。然后,在此新算法的基础上,研制了适用于农电线损管理工作应用的辅助决策系统,实现了各个电压等级的线损理论计算,并将线损理论计算结果应用于线损考核工作,提供了动态的线损双指标管理。在线损理论计算的同时,具体线路具体分析,为线损管理者提供及时的降损建议和调整方案,调整方案包括无功补偿的优化、变压器经济运行调整、变电站最佳位置选址、三相不平衡调整、新增单相电能表选相、变压器最佳接入位置、电压调整、导线置换等各个方面,全面实现农村电网的优化运行,将电能损耗降至最低。最后,分析了系统在实际应用中的降损效果,从经济效益和社会效益两个方面总结了研究成果。
In order to improve the line loss management level of county electric power supply enterprises, and to achieve the goal of energy conservation and loss reduction in rural power network, a computer software system was researched and developed, which is geared to the needs of rural power network comprehensive loss reduction. The purposes of this system design include researching finer theoretical power loss calculation methods under new technical conditions, and realizing rural power network power loss theoretical calculation within all voltage levels, and analyzing all kinds of factors which are influencing power loss, and providing power loss reduction advices and schemes for administrators by simulating adjustments and benefit analysis. Firstly, this paper researched the current status of power loss management software systems, pointed out the main insufficiencies of these systems were that their algorithms were neither comprehensive nor precise, and these algorithms caused calculation results with big error and lost their helpful values in practical works. After confirming the key role of algorithms in power loss management software systems, this paper analyzed the influences on calculation results caused by various data uncertainties in the calculation process, and summarized all kinds of simplified calculation methods used in some traditional algorithms. To solve the calculation error problems caused these simplifications, this paper designed a three-phase load flow algorithm based on PQU (active power, reactive power and voltage) load curves, and then greatly raised accuracy of calculation results. Secondly, on the basis of this new algorithm, the assistant decision system was developed, which was suitable for rural power network line loss management work. The system provided theoretical power loss calculations under all voltage levels, applied the calculation results in power loss management assessment, provided dynamic double goal power loss management. In the very time of calculations, the system made concrete analysis of concrete distribution lines, provided power loss reduction advices and schemes for administrators. These schemes include reactive compensation optimization, transformers economic operation adjustment, substation building best address selection, three phase balancing adjustment, new single phase meter best phase selection, transformer best position selection, best voltage adjustment, wire model selection. All these ways aimed to optimize operation status of rural power network, and minimize power loss. Finally, this paper analyzed the actual effects in practical application of the system, summarized research achievements from both economical benefits and social benefits.
In order to improve the line loss management level of county electric power supply enterprises, and to achieve the goal of energy conservation and loss reduction in rural power network, a computer software system was researched and developed, which is geared to the needs of rural power network comprehensive loss reduction. The purposes of this system design include researching finer theoretical power loss calculation methods under new technical conditions, and realizing rural power network power loss theoretical calculation within all voltage levels, and analyzing all kinds of factors which are influencing power loss, and providing power loss reduction advices and schemes for administrators by simulating adjustments and benefit analysis. Firstly, this paper researched the current status of power loss management software systems, pointed out the main insufficiencies of these systems were that their algorithms were neither comprehensive nor precise, and these algorithms caused calculation results with big error and lost their helpful values in practical works. After confirming the key role of algorithms in power loss management software systems, this paper analyzed the influences on calculation results caused by various data uncertainties in the calculation process, and summarized all kinds of simplified calculation methods used in some traditional algorithms. To solve the calculation error problems caused these simplifications, this paper designed a three-phase load flow algorithm based on PQU (active power, reactive power and voltage) load curves, and then greatly raised accuracy of calculation results. Secondly, on the basis of this new algorithm, the assistant decision system was developed, which was suitable for rural power network line loss management work. The system provided theoretical power loss calculations under all voltage levels, applied the calculation results in power loss management assessment, provided dynamic double goal power loss management. In the very time of calculations, the system made concrete analysis of concrete distribution lines, provided power loss reduction advices and schemes for administrators. These schemes include reactive compensation optimization, transformers economic operation adjustment, substation building best address selection, three phase balancing adjustment, new single phase meter best phase selection, transformer best position selection, best voltage adjustment, wire model selection. All these ways aimed to optimize operation status of rural power network, and minimize power loss. Finally, this paper analyzed the actual effects in practical application of the system, summarized research achievements from both economical benefits and social benefits.
引文
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[15]李晨,丁晓群,刘小波,等.基于实时系统数据的电网综合线损分析方法及其应用[J].电力自动化设备. 2005, 25(3):47-50
[16]宋奕冰,娄北.基于新的数据处理方式的理论线损计算[J].电力自动化设备. 2001, 21(5):15-17,32
[17]高慧.配电网的网损计算与降损措施分析[J].安徽电力. 2005, 22(1):54-57
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[23]粟时平,刘桂英.静止无功功率补偿技术[M].中国电力出版社, 2006:21-64
[24]郭小龙.配电网功率因数定值运行初探[J].电力电容器. 2005, (3):32-34
[25]杨桂丹,李涛.城市配电网无功补偿优化配置的应用研究[J].广东电力. 2008, 21(5):48-51
[26]倪彤辉.河北省南部电网配电网无功补偿现状及配置方案分析[J].河北电力技术. 2009, 28(1):24-27
[27]王涛.关于无功补偿降损及经济效益分析的有效计算[J].中国电力. 1999, 32(9):53-54
[28]庄渡.城市公用变压器台区低压网无功补偿方式的探讨[J].电力需求侧管理. 2004, 6(4):40-42
[29]丁建学.农村低压电网无功补偿方式选择与实际效益分析[J].电力学报. 2007, 22(2):227-230
[30]李如虎.配电线路及配电变压器的经济运行[J].广西电力技术. 2000, (1):48-51
[31]李如虎.高压深入负荷中心与提高运行电压是降低线损的有效措施[J].广西电力. 1999, (4): 35-39
[32]罗毅芳.电网线损理论计算与分析系统的研制[J].中国电力, 1997, 30(9):37-39
[33]王春生,彭建春,卜永红,等.配电网线损分析与管理系统的研制[J].中国电力. 1999, 32(9 ):48-50
[34]蔺格晒,王国强.配电网理论线损计算分析系统的研究与开发[J].青海电力. 1999, (2):12-17
[35]毕鹏翔,金青,肖长春.配电网理论线损计算与分析系统的研制[J].西北电力技术. 2001, 29(3):9-11
[36]谭容芬,黄志文,张峻.基于多个系统的在线理论线损计算和分析[J].广东电力, 2006, 19(6):24-27
[37]彭建春,王春生,杨期余,等.配电网线损集成管理系统[J].中国电力. 2000, 33(9):70-72
[38]苗竹梅,钟筱军,刘伟,等.电网实时线损理论计算与分析系统的开发与应用[J].西北电力技术. 2007, (6): 29-34
[39]王永,刘伟,彭茂君,等.基于实时量测数据的10kV配电网线损自动化管理系统[J].继电器. 2007, 35(19):34-37
[40]张伏生,王海坤,马林国,等.可视化的配电网线损计算与管理系统[J].继电器. 2001, 29(11):27-31
[41]何健,丁侣娜.可视化配电网线损理论计算软件的开发应用[J].浙江电力. 2002, 21(3):6-9
[42]高颂九. SCADA和GIS在理论线损中的应用[J].供用电. 2001,18(3):50-51
[43] Efrem G. Mallach.决策支持和数据仓库系统[M].电子工业出版社, 2001:25-30
[44]袁林.基于数据仓库的辅助决策系统设计与实现[J].电力系统自动化. 2001, 25(21):25-27
[45]冯永青,孙宏斌,朱成骐,等.基于信息理论与技术的地区电网辅助决策系统设计[J].电力系统自动化. 2004, 28(4):58-62
[2] M.A. Kashem, D.T.M. Negnevitsky, and G. Ledwich. Distributed Generation for Minimization of Power Losses in Distribution Systems [J]. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2006, 6:8-14
[3]虞忠年,陈星莺,刘昱.电力网电能损耗[M].中国电力出版社. 2000:20-32
[4]廖学琦.农网线损计算分析与降损措施(第二版)[M].中国水利水电出版社. 2008:9-89
[5]陈海涵,程启诚.等值电阻法计算配电网线损的理论与实践[J].广东电力. 2004, 3(6):5-8
[6]黄小耘.理论线损计算中的负荷模型[J].中国电力. 1998, (9):29-30
[7]石东,陈华,管霖.配电网网损分析与控制方法[J].广东电力. 2005, 18(6):11-15
[8]李一红,赵维兴,邱剑鸣. 10kV配电网理论线损计算方法的比较研究[J].广东输电与变电技术. 2006, (3):12-16
[9]余旭阳.中低压配电网理论线损计算方法探讨[J].湖南电力. 2008, 28(1):38-40,44
[10]郜俊琴.三相不平衡线路的线损分析[J].电力学报. 2001, 16(2):91-93
[11]郭峰,姚莉娜,刘恒,等.引入三相不平衡度的低压电网理论线损计算[J].电力自动化设备. 2007, 27(11):51-54
[12]杨明皓,李云星.辐射型配电网实时潮流计算[J].电网技术. 1999, 23(5):48-51
[13]陈得治.基于负荷获取和匹配潮流方法的配电网理论线损计算[J].电网技术. 2005, 29(1):80-84
[14]李占昌,赵福生.利用实时监控系统计算实际线损的研究与实践[J].电网技术. 2000, 24(7):37-40
[15]李晨,丁晓群,刘小波,等.基于实时系统数据的电网综合线损分析方法及其应用[J].电力自动化设备. 2005, 25(3):47-50
[16]宋奕冰,娄北.基于新的数据处理方式的理论线损计算[J].电力自动化设备. 2001, 21(5):15-17,32
[17]高慧.配电网的网损计算与降损措施分析[J].安徽电力. 2005, 22(1):54-57
[18]郭又华,周步祥.配电网树形网络遍历算法在理论线损计算中的应用[J].四川电力技术. 2006, 29(2):60-62
[19]倪建立,马方瑞,毕鹏翔,等.农村电网节能降损与自动化使用技术[M].中国电力出版社, 2008:56-159
[20]何庭全.电力网技术降损分析及应用[J].西北电力技术. 2004,32(1):19-21
[21]林玮玲,李有铖.供电企业如何开展节能降损工作[J].大众用电. 2005, (7):17-18
[22]罗庆跃.农电降损分析[J].电工技术. 1999, (2):38-41
[23]粟时平,刘桂英.静止无功功率补偿技术[M].中国电力出版社, 2006:21-64
[24]郭小龙.配电网功率因数定值运行初探[J].电力电容器. 2005, (3):32-34
[25]杨桂丹,李涛.城市配电网无功补偿优化配置的应用研究[J].广东电力. 2008, 21(5):48-51
[26]倪彤辉.河北省南部电网配电网无功补偿现状及配置方案分析[J].河北电力技术. 2009, 28(1):24-27
[27]王涛.关于无功补偿降损及经济效益分析的有效计算[J].中国电力. 1999, 32(9):53-54
[28]庄渡.城市公用变压器台区低压网无功补偿方式的探讨[J].电力需求侧管理. 2004, 6(4):40-42
[29]丁建学.农村低压电网无功补偿方式选择与实际效益分析[J].电力学报. 2007, 22(2):227-230
[30]李如虎.配电线路及配电变压器的经济运行[J].广西电力技术. 2000, (1):48-51
[31]李如虎.高压深入负荷中心与提高运行电压是降低线损的有效措施[J].广西电力. 1999, (4): 35-39
[32]罗毅芳.电网线损理论计算与分析系统的研制[J].中国电力, 1997, 30(9):37-39
[33]王春生,彭建春,卜永红,等.配电网线损分析与管理系统的研制[J].中国电力. 1999, 32(9 ):48-50
[34]蔺格晒,王国强.配电网理论线损计算分析系统的研究与开发[J].青海电力. 1999, (2):12-17
[35]毕鹏翔,金青,肖长春.配电网理论线损计算与分析系统的研制[J].西北电力技术. 2001, 29(3):9-11
[36]谭容芬,黄志文,张峻.基于多个系统的在线理论线损计算和分析[J].广东电力, 2006, 19(6):24-27
[37]彭建春,王春生,杨期余,等.配电网线损集成管理系统[J].中国电力. 2000, 33(9):70-72
[38]苗竹梅,钟筱军,刘伟,等.电网实时线损理论计算与分析系统的开发与应用[J].西北电力技术. 2007, (6): 29-34
[39]王永,刘伟,彭茂君,等.基于实时量测数据的10kV配电网线损自动化管理系统[J].继电器. 2007, 35(19):34-37
[40]张伏生,王海坤,马林国,等.可视化的配电网线损计算与管理系统[J].继电器. 2001, 29(11):27-31
[41]何健,丁侣娜.可视化配电网线损理论计算软件的开发应用[J].浙江电力. 2002, 21(3):6-9
[42]高颂九. SCADA和GIS在理论线损中的应用[J].供用电. 2001,18(3):50-51
[43] Efrem G. Mallach.决策支持和数据仓库系统[M].电子工业出版社, 2001:25-30
[44]袁林.基于数据仓库的辅助决策系统设计与实现[J].电力系统自动化. 2001, 25(21):25-27
[45]冯永青,孙宏斌,朱成骐,等.基于信息理论与技术的地区电网辅助决策系统设计[J].电力系统自动化. 2004, 28(4):58-62